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Technology, Self-Fashioning and Politeness in Eighteenth-Century Britain: Refined Bodies
by A. WitheyThe second half of the eighteenth century brought important changes in attitudes towards shaping the body. New expectations of polite conduct, deportment and demeanour were projected onto the body, with emphasis laid upon neatness, elegance and a 'natural' body shape. Deformities were to be concealed, whilst bodily surfaces were managed to convey a harmonious whole. A large number of 'technologies of the body' were involved in this process, including wooden legs, elastic trusses, and even wigs. But the introduction of a new type of steel - cast steel - around 1750, offered new material possibilities for shaping the body. The physical properties of steel transformed the design and function of many instruments, from postural devices to spectacles, and even the smallest daily items of toilette. By no means was steel the only material involved in transforming the body. Neither did it simply sweep away all that had gone before. But, as an 'enlightened metal', cast steel was a key material in the refinement of the body.
Technology, Sovereignty and International Law (Routledge Research in International Law)
by Francis LyallThe dogma of the sovereignty of the state, deriving from the Peace of Westphalia, underpins much of the modern-day international system. However, developments in recent technology have led this ideology to depart from reality. Viewing state sovereignty through the prism of public international law, the book will begin with an overview of the settlement of Westphalia, how it has influenced international documents ever since, and how the advantages of centralised decisions came to be perceived. By surveying the Law of the Sea, Maritime Law, Air and Aviation, Telecommunications, Postal Services, Space Law and Mensuration, the book demonstrates how, in each, the interplay between state sovereignty and developing technologies have caused significant legal change. Some changes, Lyall argues, such as international measures of time and geography, have been born out of convenience, facilitated by technology developed for the purpose. Other areas of change developed out of a desire to reconcile conflicts or harmonise necessary state regulation. The book analyses the reasons behind these changes, and discusses the ongoing attempts to balance state equality, measures adopted by new institutions to secure comprehensive representation, and ends by looking to the future of state sovereignty in an increasingly globalised world. The book is of use to any student or scholar interested in policy making, international law and international affairs, both legal and scientific, as well as those looking at legal administrative issues and government officiation.
Technology, Theory, and Practice in Interdisciplinary STEM Programs
by Reneta D. LansiquotThis book highlights models for promoting interdisciplinary thinking and an appreciation for interdisciplinary understanding among students in STEM-related fields. Studentsmajoring in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics often perceivethat courses in their major are not related to the general education liberalarts courses required for their degrees. This separation prevents the transfer of skills between their generaleducation courses and their degree pursuits. The false dichotomy is particularlyimportant because solving the daunting challenges of the twenty-firstcentury--such as drug-resistant bacteria, scarcity of natural resources, andclimate change--requires global citizens armed with robust, complex abilitieswho can integrate interdisciplinary concepts with bold technologies. Contributors to this book explore ways in which this dichotomy can be overcome.
Technology-Based Pilot Programs: Improving Future U.S. Military Reserve Forces
by National Research CouncilThe National Academies Press (NAP)--publisher for the National Academies--publishes more than 200 books a year offering the most authoritative views, definitive information, and groundbreaking recommendations on a wide range of topics in science, engineering, and health. Our books are unique in that they are authored by the nation's leading experts in every scientific field.
Technology: A Groundwork Guide (Groundwork Guides)
by Wayne GradyA sweeping history of technology’s advance that raises the crucial question of whether we are in control of technology, or whether technology controls us. An excellent introduction to technology for young adults.There is no doubt that we have come to rely on technology, not only for our comfort and convenience, but for our very survival as a species. A hundred and fifty years ago, Charles Darwin noted wryly that if the human species were returned to the wild without the advantage of technology, we would become extinct in six weeks.Since that time, technology has proliferated to the extent that we can no longer conceive of life without it. As this book shows, technology is more than the sum of the tools we use, whether they are primitive ploughs or space shuttles. It is a way of seeing the world, the way we determine how the world works -- technology is a way of thinking.We see this in the way technology has invaded our language: we speak of the education system, the cultural industry. Since the 18th century, we have tended to describe the universe as a giant clockwork, the body as a machine, and, more recently, the mind as a computer. These are all aspects of the degree to which we have come to live in a technological age."[The Groundwork Guides] are excellent books, mandatory for school libraries and the increasing body of young people prepared to take ownership of the situations and problems previous generations have left them." — Globe and Mail
Technology: Critical History of a Concept
by Eric SchatzbergIn modern life, technology is everywhere. Yet as a concept, technology is a mess. In popular discourse, technology is little more than the latest digital innovations. Scholars do little better, offering up competing definitions that include everything from steelmaking to singing. In Technology: Critical History of a Concept, Eric Schatzberg explains why technology is so difficult to define by examining its three thousand year history, one shaped by persistent tensions between scholars and technical practitioners. Since the time of the ancient Greeks, scholars have tended to hold technicians in low esteem, defining technical practices as mere means toward ends defined by others. Technicians, in contrast, have repeatedly pushed back against this characterization, insisting on the dignity, creativity, and cultural worth of their work. The tension between scholars and technicians continued from Aristotle through Francis Bacon and into the nineteenth century. It was only in the twentieth century that modern meanings of technology arose: technology as the industrial arts, technology as applied science, and technology as technique. Schatzberg traces these three meanings to the present day, when discourse about technology has become pervasive, but confusion among the three principal meanings of technology remains common. He shows that only through a humanistic concept of technology can we understand the complex human choices embedded in our modern world.
Technology: New Trajectories in Law (New Trajectories in Law)
by Penny Crofts Honni van RijswijkPlacing contemporary technological developments in their historical context, this book argues for the importance of law in their regulation. Technological developments are focused upon overcoming physical and human constraints. There are no normative constraints inherent in the quest for ongoing and future technological development. In contrast, law proffers an essential normative constraint. Just because we can do something, does not mean that we should. Through the application of critical legal theory and jurisprudence to pro-actively engage with technology, this book demonstrates why legal thinking should be prioritised in emerging technological futures. This book articulates classic skills and values such as ethics and justice to ensure that future and ongoing legal engagements with socio-technological developments are tempered by legal normative constraints. Encouraging them to foreground questions of justice and critique when thinking about law and technology, the book addresses law students and teachers, lawyers and critical thinkers concerned with the proliferation of technology in our lives.
Technomics: The Theory of Industrial Evolution (Systems Innovation Book Series)
by H. Lee MartinHave you ever wondered about the forces behind globalization, mass customization, just in time delivery, virtual companies, and perfect information? Providing a platform to understand and navigate our rapidly advancing world, Techonomics: The Theory of Industrial Evolution explains the relationship between technology, economy, and organizati
Technoscience and Environmental Justice
by Gwen Ottinger Benjamin CohenOver the course of nearly thirty years, the environmental justice movement has changed the politics of environmental activism and influenced environmental policy. In the process, it has turned the attention of environmental activists and regulatory agencies to issues of pollution, toxics, and human health as they affect ordinary people, especially people of color. This book argues that the environmental justice movement has also begun to transform science and engineering. The chapters present case studies of technical experts' encounters with environmental justice activists and issues, exploring the transformative potential of these interactions. Technoscience and Environmental Justice first examines the scientific practices and identities of technical experts who work with environmental justice organizations, whether by becoming activists themselves or by sharing scientific information with communities. It then explore scientists' and engineers' activities in such mainstream scientific institutions as regulatory agencies and universities, where environmental justice concerns have been (partially) institutionalized as a response to environmental justice activism. All of the chapters grapple with the difficulty of transformation that experts face, but the studies also show how environmental justice activism has created opportunities for changing technical practices and, in a few cases, has even accomplished significant transformations.
Technoscience and Environmental Justice: Expert Cultures in a Grassroots Movement (Urban and Industrial Environments)
by Kim FortunCase studies exploring how experts' encounters with environmental justice are changing technical and scientific practice.Over the course of nearly thirty years, the environmental justice movement has changed the politics of environmental activism and influenced environmental policy. In the process, it has turned the attention of environmental activists and regulatory agencies to issues of pollution, toxics, and human health as they affect ordinary people, especially people of color. This book argues that the environmental justice movement has also begun to transform science and engineering. The chapters present case studies of technical experts' encounters with environmental justice activists and issues, exploring the transformative potential of these interactions. Technoscience and Environmental Justice first examines the scientific practices and identities of technical experts who work with environmental justice organizations, whether by becoming activists themselves or by sharing scientific information with communities. It then explore scientists' and engineers' activities in such mainstream scientific institutions as regulatory agencies and universities, where environmental justice concerns have been (partially) institutionalized as a response to environmental justice activism. All of the chapters grapple with the difficulty of transformation that experts face, but the studies also show how environmental justice activism has created opportunities for changing technical practices and, in a few cases, has even accomplished significant transformations.
Technoscience in History: Prussia, 1750-1850 (Transformations: Studies in the History of Science and Technology)
by Ursula KleinThe second edition of a comprehensive introduction to machine learning approaches used in predictive data analytics, covering both theory and practice.Machine learning is often used to build predictive models by extracting patterns from large datasets. These models are used in predictive data analytics applications including price prediction, risk assessment, predicting customer behavior, and document classification. This introductory textbook offers a detailed and focused treatment of the most important machine learning approaches used in predictive data analytics, covering both theoretical concepts and practical applications. Technical and mathematical material is augmented with explanatory worked examples, and case studies illustrate the application of these models in the broader business context.
Technosleep: Frontiers, Fictions, Futures
by Simon J. Williams Robert Meadows Michael Greaney Eric L. Hsu Catherine CoveneyThis book draws on a variety of substantive examples from science, technology, medicine, literature, and popular culture to highlight how a new technoscientifically mediated and modified phase and form of technosleep is now in the making – in the global north at least; and to discuss the consequences for our relationships to sleep, the values we accord sleep and the very nature and normativities of sleep itself.The authors discuss how technosleep, at its simplest denotes the ‘coming together’ or ‘entanglements’ of sleep and technology and sensitizes us to various shifts in sleep–technology relations through culture, time and place. In doing so, it pays close attention to the salience and significance of these trends and transformations to date in everyday/night life, their implications for sleep inequalities and the related issues of sleep and social justice they suggest.
Tecnología espacial en el espacio y en la Tierra (¡Arriba la Lectura! Level V #68)
by Cara TorranceNIMAC-sourced textbook <p><p> Las tecnologías para viajar por el espacio son asombrosas. Y muchas de esas tecnologías se han adaptado para usar en la Tierra. <p> Los paneles solares que dan energía a las naves espaciales se usan ahora para dar energía a los hogares. Los plásticos protectores con los que se fabrican cascos de astronautas se usan ahora en las lentes de los anteojos que usamos todos los días. Estas y otras tecnologías importantes que usamos en la Tierra quizá no existirían si no fuera por los desafíos particulares de viajar en el espacio.
Tee Time on the Moon: How Astronaut Alan Shepard Played Lunar Golf
by David A. KellyAstronaut Alan Shepard's mission: Fly to the moon. Study it in more detail than ever before. Hit a golf ball in low gravity. But how far? Find out in this engaging STEM/STEAM picture book.In 1971, Alan Shepard and his fellow astronauts made their way to the Moon in the cramped Apollo 14 capsule. Their mission: Study the moon in more detail than ever before. While the world watched on TV, Shepard and Edgar Mitchell gathered rock and soil samples wearing stiff, heavy spacesuits. But Alan Shepard had a secret hidden in his sock: two tiny golf balls. Golf was Shepard&’s favorite sport. And since the moon has virtually no atmosphere and gravity that is only a fraction of the Earth&’s, a golf ball should have been able to go far. But did it?Here's the little-known but true story of an experiment that may have started as a stunt, but ended up making people think differently about the moon, ask questions, and look for answers.
Teen Health Course 3
by Michael J. Cleary Betty M. Hubbard Glencoe StaffA textbook that provides insights into healthy living and a total lifestyle change for a happy long life. It covers the following topics in-depth. Understanding Your Health Skills for a Healthy Life Mental and Emotional Health Mental and Emotional Problems Relationships: The Teen Years Promoting Social Health Conflict Resolution Violence Prevention Physical Activity and Fitness Nutrition for Health Your Body Image Alcohol Tobacco Drugs Personal Care and Consumer Choices Your Body Systems Growth and Development Common Communicable Diseases Noncommunicable Diseases Safety and Emergencies Environmental Health
Teen Innovators: Nine Young People Engineering a Better World with Creative Inventions
by Fred EstesA water purification system made of concrete and the same chemicals that block ultraviolet light in sunscreen. A robot made of PVC pipe that beat a shiny, eleven-thousand-dollar competitor in a robotics contest. An electricity-producing windmill built by a teen who taught himself physics by candlelight. Teen Innovators: Nine Young People Engineering a Better World with Creative Inventions reveals how people of any age or experience level can create something that changes others' lives through nothing more than hard work, creativity, and inspiration. (Oh, and perhaps a bit of electrical wire, some plastic piping, and a couple tampons.) Utilizing the principles of design thinking, these inventors all tinkered, experimented, and failed—repeatedly—until their inventions worked. The windmill produced light. The water became safe to drink. Jack Andraka: improved pancreatic cancer test Gitanjali Rao: device to detect lead in drinking water William Kamkwamba: improvised electrical generator using windmill in Malawi Austen Veseliza: digital display glove to aid people with speech impairment Deepika Kurup: easier, cheaper method to remove toxins from drinking water Cristian Arcega, Lorenzo Santillan, Oscar Vasquez, Luis Aranda: underwater robot Each of these stories offers inspiration to the next generation of teen innovators. You don't need a genius-level IQ or the latest and greatest technologies to create something that makes a difference. All you need is an idea and the determination to make it real.
Teens & The Supernatural & Paranormal (Gallup Youth Survey: Major Issues and Tr #14)
by Hal MarcovitzTeenagers have always been interested in the supernatural and paranormal. This book notes that fascination with the world of fantasy is nothing new, and examines modern groups like Wiccans and Goths. Discussion of the supernatural and the paranormal is interspersed with scientific explanations. Many other topics are covered, including angels and the End Times. The book also explores reasons why teens are fascinated with the unseen world of magic and mystery.
Teflon, Post-it und Viagra: Große Entdeckungen durch kleine Zufälle (Erlebnis Wissenschaft)
by Martin SchneiderWas haben Penicillin und Röntgenstrahlen mit Teflonpfanne und Viagra gemeinsam? Ebenso wie Polyethylen oder die praktischen gelben Post-it-notes wurden sie zufällig entdeckt; die Erfolge ergaben sich "nebenbei", bei der Grundlagenforschung oder auf der Suche nach etwas völlig anderem. So mancher Flop im Labor führte so zu Produkten, die aus unserem heutigen Leben nicht mehr wegzudenken sind. Der allgegenwärtige Tesafilm etwa ist letztlich ein verunglücktes Wundpflaster, auf dem man heute sogar Daten wie auf CD-ROMs speichern kann. Und die Teflonpfanne verdanken wir nicht der Raumfahrt, sondern der Suche nach einem neuen Kältemittel für Kühlschränke Diese Geschichten rund um Zufälle in der Forschung, vom bekannten Wissenschaftsjournalisten Martin Schneider lebendig und nuancenreich erzählt, garantieren jede Menge Lesespaß. Die Reise durch drei Jahrhunderte Entdeckungsgeschichte zeigt, dass auch in der Wissenschaft nicht immer alles nach Plan läuft; selbst die besten Forscher brauchten oft ein Quäntchen Glück, um einen Treffer zu landen.
Teilchen, Felder und Kräfte: Ein konzeptioneller Leitfaden zur Quantenfeldtheorie und dem Standardmodell
by Wouter SchmitzDieses Buch bietet einzigartige und umfassende konzeptionelle Erklärungen der Quantenfeldtheorie und des Standardmodells der Teilchenphysik. Wie können fundamentale Teilchen als Wellen im Vakuum existieren? Wie können solche Wellen Teilcheneigenschaften wie z. B. Trägheit haben? Was verbirgt sich hinter dem Begriff der virtuellen Teilchen? Warum und wie üben die Teilchen Kräfte aufeinander aus? Und nicht zuletzt: Was sind überhaupt Kräfte? Dies sind einige der zentralen Fragen, auf die die Quantenfeldtheorie und das Standardmodell der Teilchenphysik faszinierende Antworten geben. Leider sind diese Theorien hochgradig mathematisch, so dass die meisten Menschen - sogar viele Wissenschaftler - nicht in der Lage sind, ihre Bedeutung vollständig zu erfassen. Dieses Buch entwirrt diese Theorien auf eine konzeptionelle, nicht-mathematische Weise, indem es mehr als 190 Abbildungen und ausführliche Erklärungen verwendet und dadurch großartige Einsichten vermittelt, die in der populärwissenschaftlichen Literatur nicht zu finden sind. Diese vollständig überarbeitete und erweiterte zweite Auflage bietet bemerkenswerte Einblicke in den Übergang von der Quanten- zur klassischen Welt unter Verwendung des Konzepts der Quantendekohärenz, wobei auch der "Kollaps der Wellenfunktion", der Tunneleffekt und das Quantencomputing erklärt werden.
Teilchen, Felder, Quanten: Von der Quantenmechanik zum Standardmodell der Teilchenphysik
by Gerhard EckerDieses Buch bietet Ihnen eine Einf#65533;hrung in den aktuellen Stand unseres Wissens #65533;ber die Struktur der Materie. Gerhard Ecker beschreibt verst#65533;ndlich die Entwicklung der modernen Physik vom Beginn des Quantenzeital#65533;ters bis zum Standardmodell der Teilchenphysik, der umfassenden Theorie der fundamentalen Wechselwir#65533;kungen des Mikrokosmos. Dabei wird der Schwerpunkt auf die wichtigsten Entdeckungen und Entwicklungen, beispielsweise der Quantenfeldtheorie, der Eichtheorien und die Zukunft der Teilchenphysik, gelegt. Besonders hebt der Autor auch das Wechselspiel zwischen Theorie und Experiment hervor, die uns helfen, die tiefsten R#65533;tsel der Natur zu ergr#65533;nden. Teilchen, Felder, Quanten ist f#65533;r alle geschrieben, die Freude an der Physik haben. Es bietet Abitu#65533;rienten und Studierenden der Physik in den ersten Semestern einen Ansporn, die Physik tiefer zu verstehen. Lehrer und andere an der Phy#65533;sik Interessierte werden darin n#65533;tzliche Einblicke in die Welt der Teilchenphysik finden. F#65533;r Studierende in h#65533;heren Semestern kann das Buch als #65533;bersichtliche Vorbereitung f#65533;r Vorlesungen #65533;ber Teilchenphysik und Quantenfeldtheorie dienen. Ein kurzer Abriss #65533;ber die mathematischen Strukturen, ein Personenregister mit Forschungsschwerpunkten und ein Glossar zum schnellen Nachschlagen wichtiger Begriffe wie Eichtheorie, Spin und Symmetrie runden das Buch ab.
Teilchenbeschleuniger: Ihre Geschichte und ihr Beitrag zu den Wissenschaften
by Volker ZiemannDieses Buch beschreibt und erklärt die Welt der Teilchenbeschleuniger und die Physik, die sie erforschen. Die Darstellung ist nicht technisch (E=mc² ist die einzige Gleichung!) und die Prosa ist leicht zugänglich. Durch das Verfolgen der gemeinsamen Evolution von Teilchenbeschleunigern und Teilchenphysik werden die Leser erfahren, warum Beschleuniger gebaut werden, wie sie funktionieren und welche „Ergebnisse” sie produzieren. Das Buch hebt die großartigen Ideen (z.B. das Synchrotron) und technologischen Fortschritte (supraleitende Magnete) hervor, die das Potenzial der Beschleuniger erhöhten und zu neuen Entdeckungen führten, die schließlich im Standardmodell der Teilchenphysik gipfelten. Viele Konzepte werden mit Abbildungen dargestellt, die aus dreidimensionalen Modellen abgeleitet sind; dazu gehören die Beschleuniger, Detektoren und Teilchen. Hintergrundinformationen über die Hauptakteure sowie Hinweise auf weiterführende Literatur, z.B. aus "Scientific American", werden in Endnoten bereitgestellt. Ein zusätzlicher Beitrag „Deutsche Beschleuniger” ist als Zusatzmaterial zu diesem Buch frei verfügbar.
Telechelic Polymers: Synthesis and Applications
by Eric J. GoethalsThis first-of-its-kind publication reviews the most impor-tant literature on the synthesis, properties, and applications of telechelic polymers. Written by a group of internationally known ex-perts in the field, this text contains a review table which allows the reader to search for given polymers with given end groups. Over 1,250 references are listed, covering primary and review articles as well as patents. Chapters include the preparation of telechelics by stepwise polymerization, anionic polymerization, radical polymer-ization, cationic polymerization, ring-opening polymerization and controlled polymer degradation. Polyols for the polyurethane pro-duction are described, as well as halato-telechelic polymers. Also, a more theoretical contribution on the physical properties of net-works formed from telechelic polymers is provided.
Telecom Tensions: Internet Service Providers and Public Policy in Canada
by Mike ZajkoToday's internet service providers mediate communication, control data flow, and influence everyday online interactions. In other words, they have become ideal agents of public policy and instruments of governance. In Telecom Tensions Mike Zajko considers the tensions inherent to this role – between private profits and the public good, competition and cooperation, neutrality and discrimination, surveillance and security – and asks what consequences arise from them.Many understand the internet as a technology that cuts out traditional gatekeepers, but as the importance of internet access has grown, the intermediaries connecting us to it have come to play an increasingly vital role in our lives. Zajko shows how the individuals and organizations that keep these networks running must satisfy a growing number of public policy objectives and contradictory expectations. Analyzing conflicts in Canadian policy since the commercialization of the internet in the 1990s, this book unearths the roots of contemporary debates by foregrounding the central role of internet service providers. From downtown data centres to publicly funded rural networks, Telecom Tensions explores the material infrastructure, power relations, and political aspirations at play.Theoretically informed but grounded in the material realities of people and places, Telecom Tensions is a fresh look at the political economy of telecommunications in Canada, updating conversations about liberalization and public access with contemporary debates over privacy, copyright, network neutrality, and cyber security.
Telecommunication Markets: Drivers and Impediments
by Peter Curwen Brigitte Preissl Justus HaucapTelecommunication markets are characterized by a dynamic development of technology and market structures. The specific features of network-based markets, convergence of previously separate spheres and the complex task of market regulation put traditional theoretical approaches as well as current regulatory policies to the test. This book sheds light on some of the challenges ahead. It covers a vast range of subjects from the intricacies of market regulation to new markets for mobile and internet-related services. The diffusion of broadband technology and the emergence of new business strategies that respond to the technological and regulatory challenges are treated in the book's 24 chapters.
Telecommunications Policies of Japan (Advances in Information and Communication Research #1)
by Hitoshi MitomoThis book provides a detailed description of Japan’s telecommunications policies. It discusses how Japan has addressed a variety of policy challenges ranging from traditional regulatory issues, such as the provision of a universal service, to the latest tasks, including the promotion of cutting-edge technologies. Japan is a global leader in information and communication technologies (ICT). In addition to technological advances, an impressive nationwide optical-fiber and advanced mobile network infrastructure has been developed, which has boosted the economy and benefited society. The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) has played an important role in ICT deployment. Japan has a unique ICT policy framework that does not separate regulation and promotion, unlike many other countries, which have an independent regulator. However, since relatively little information has been provided in English, it has been difficult to learn much about Japan’s policies. Written by specialists from MIC, industry and academia, this is the first collaborative work to provide a comprehensive discussion of Japan’s ICT policies, allowing readers to gain an understanding of the topic.