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Human/Animal Relationships in Transformation: Scientific, Moral and Legal Perspectives (The Palgrave Macmillan Animal Ethics Series)
by Augusto Vitale Simone PolloThe ethics of human/animal relationships is a growing field of academic research and a topic for public discussion and regulatory interventions from law-makers, governments and private institutions. Human/animal relationships are in transformation and understanding the nature of this process is crucial for all those who believe that the enlargement of moral and legal recognition to nonhuman animals is part of contemporary moral and political progress. Understanding the nature of this process means analysing and critically discussing the philosophical, scientific and legal concepts and arguments embedded in it. This book contributes to the discussion by bringing together the ideas and reflections of leading experts from different disciplinary backgrounds and with a range of scientific perspectives.This book both provides an up-to-date examination of the transformation of human/animal relationships and presents ideas to foster this process.
Humane Autonomous Technology: Re-thinking Experience with and in Intelligent Systems
by Virpi Roto Rebekah Rousi Catharina Von KoskullThis open access book takes a human-focused multidisciplinary look at the ways in which autonomous technology shapes experience, affecting human lives and ways of working in settings ranging from the arts, design, and service to maritime and industry. The book focuses on the humane, observing how technology can be designed and implemented in an ethical, human-centered way. Chapters in this book highlight factors that impinge on the humane and ethical, such as challenging questions of intellectual property rights, roles of humans, biases, and the uptake of other deviant human traits. Through delving into a range of dimensions and contexts from culture, the arts and design, to service, heavy industry and maritime, the contributors demonstrate that artificial intelligence and its related autonomous systems need to be understood holistically, as a system of systems, that should be working for the benefit of human present and future.
Humane Infrastructures (metaLAB Projects)
by Patrik SvenssonHow we can work together to understand, imagine, and build humane infrastructures and a better world.Humane Infrastructures is a deep journey into humanistic and humane knowledge and how it can be engaged to help us collaboratively respond in ethical and sustainable ways to our current global challenges. Patrik Svensson takes the reader through a series of examples, case studies, experiments, and lively dialogues to reconsider infrastructure. He brings people, ideas, and perspectives in through a set of documents and documented experiences, some of which draw from the author&’s practice in Umeå, Stockholm, New York City, and Los Angeles. And he proposes frameworks, such as the idea of an infrastructure clinic, exploring them in staged dialogues and thought experiments.Imagining and building humane infrastructures require us to challenge the very nature of infrastructure, not necessarily all at once but rather step by step. The author consequently engages with infrastructure as a concept and frames it historically, critically, and creatively with research infrastructure as a central case study. He also considers integrative niches for humanities-related work, such as environmental humanities and disability studies, as sites for critical and constructive engagement with infrastructures, including the university itself. In the end, the exploration leads to a reimagination of the humanities and, more generally, higher education as part of a capacious public-facing effort of world-(re)building.The book will appeal to scholars in the humanities and a range of intersecting fields, such as infrastructure studies, critical computing, and design.
Humane Insight: Looking at Images of African American Suffering and Death
by Courtney R. BakerIn the history of black America, the image of the mortal, wounded, and dead black body has long been looked at by others from a safe distance. Courtney Baker questions the relationship between the spectator and victim and urges viewers to move beyond the safety of the "gaze" to cultivate a capacity for humane insight toward representations of human suffering. Utilizing the visual studies concept termed the "look," Baker interrogates how the notion of humanity was articulated and recognized in oft-referenced moments within the African American experience: the graphic brutality of the 1834 Lalaurie affair; the photographic exhibition of lynching, Without Sanctuary ; Emmett Till's murder and funeral; and the devastation caused by Hurricane Katrina. Contemplating these and other episodes, Baker traces how proponents of black freedom and dignity used the visual display of violence against the black body to galvanize action against racial injustice. An innovative cultural study that connects visual theory to African American history, Humane Insight asserts the importance of ethics in our analysis of race and visual culture, and reveals how representations of pain can become the currency of black liberation from injustice.
Humane Music Education for the Common Good (Counterpoints: Music and Education)
by Iris M. Yob and Estelle R. JorgensenWhy teach music? Who deserves a music education? Can making and learning about music serve the common good? A collection of essays considers the answers.In Humane Music Education for the Common Good, scholars and educators from around the world offer unique responses to the recent UNESCO report titled Rethinking Education: Toward the Common Good. This report suggests how, through purpose, policy, and pedagogy, education can and must respond to the challenges of our day in ways that respect and nurture all members of the human family.The contributors use this report as a framework to explore the implications and complexities that it raises. The book begins with analytical reflections on the report and then explores pedagogical case studies and practical models of music education that address social justice, inclusion, individual nurturance, and active involvement in the greater public welfare. The collection concludes by looking to the future, asking what more should be considered, and exploring how these ideals can be even more fully realized. This volume boldly expands the boundaries of the UNESCO report to reveal new ways to think about, be invested in, and use music education as a center for social change both today and going forward.
Humane Politics and Methods of Inquiry
by Ithiel de Sola PoolIthiel de Sola Pool was a distinguished scholar of the political process, and one of the most original thinkers in the development of an integrated social science. This volume focuses upon his contributions to the development of research methods that deepen our understanding of human behavior.The book is divided into five parts treating the analysis of communications, computer simulation, forecasting, network theory, and the social sciences in political contexts. The first part considers the problems and possibilities of analysis raised by the unprecedented quantity of data made available by widespread and improved communications technology; what should be counted and how should inferences be made. Part two explores computer simulation in the study of presidential election patterns and how it can provide in-depth analyses of crisis situations in history. Part three focuses on strategies for predicting the future of international politics and methods to forecast the impacts of new communications technologies, while part four offers a rigorous analysis of domestic and global contact networks and the so-called "small world" phenomenon.Part five is concerned with external challenges to the use of social science to create more humane politics, including the question of value neutrality, ideology, "deconstructive" critical theory, and threats by government to the health of universities. In a concluding essay Lloyd Etheredge draws upon Pool's work to discuss several new ways in which the methods treated in this volume can be applied to contemporary social change.
Humanimal: A Project for Future Children
by Bhanu KapilPoetry. Cross-Genre. Asian American Studies. In this new prose document, Bhanu Kapil follows a film crew to the Bengal jungle to re-encounter the true account of two girls found living with wolves in 1921. Taking as its source text the diary of the missionary who strove to rehabilitate these orphans—through language instruction and forcible correction of supinated limbs—HUMANIMAL functions as a healing mutation for three bodies and a companion poiesis for future physiologies. Through wolfgirls Kamala and Amala, there is a grafting: what scars down into the feral opens out also into the fierce, into a remembrance of Kapil's father. The humanimal text becomes one in which personal and postcolonial histories cross a wilderness to form supported metabiology. "Lucidly, holographically, your heart pulsed in the air next to your body; then my eyes clicked the photo into place. Future child, in the time you lived in, your arms always itched and flaked. To write this, the memoir of your body, I slip my arms into the sleeves of your shirt. I slip my arms into yours, to become four-limbed. "
Humanism Revisited: An Anthropological Perspective
by Rik PinxtenThe West emancipated itself from the old humanism long ago and in doing so distanced itself from ‘heteronomy’: it declared that man, and not a non-human power, should be the first reference to approach people and nature. Today, as heirs of this tradition, we are still stuck in Eurocentrism (and often racism), and now even threaten to ruin nature by destroying biodiversity and causing the climate to warm up dangerously. Applied through an anthropological perspective, this book calls for a NEED-humanism: Not-Eurocentric, Ecological and (economically) Durable approach that can help promote inclusion and pluralism.
Humanism and Technology: Opportunities and Challenges (Studies in Humanism and Atheism)
by Anthony B. PinnThis book interrogates the ways in which new technological advances impact the thought and practices of humanism. Chapters investigate the social, political, and cultural implications of the creation and use of advanced forms of technology, examining both defining benefits and potential dangers. Contributors also discuss technology’s relationship to and impact on the shifting definitions we hold for humankind. International and multi-disciplinary in nature and scope, the volume presents an exploration of humanism and technology that is both racially diverse and gender sensitive. With great depth and self-awareness, contributors offer suggestions for how humanists and humanist organizations might think about and relate to technology in a rapidly changing world. More broadly, the book offers a critical humanistic interrogation of the concept of “progress” especially as it relates to technological advancement.
Humanism in Ruins: Entangled Legacies of the Greek-Turkish Population Exchange
by Aslı IğsızThe 1923 Greek-Turkish population exchange forcibly relocated one and a half million people: Muslims in Greece were resettled in Turkey, and Greek Orthodox Christians in Turkey were moved to Greece. This landmark event set a legal precedent for population management on the basis of religious or ethnic difference. Similar segregative policies—such as creating walls, partitions, and apartheids—have followed in its wake. Strikingly, the exchange was purportedly enacted as a means to achieve peace. Humanism in Ruins maps the links between liberal discourses on peace and the legacies of this forced migration. Aslı Iğsız weaves together past and present, making visible the effects in Turkey across the ensuing century, of the 1923 exchange. Liberal humanism has responded to segregative policies by calling for coexistence and the acceptance of cultural diversity. Yet, as Iğsız makes clear, liberal humanism itself, with its ahistorical emphasis on a shared humanity, fails to confront an underlying racialized logic. This far-reaching and multilayered cultural history investigates what it means to be human—historically, socially, and politically. It delivers an urgent message about the politics of difference at a time when the reincarnation of fascism in different parts of the world invites citizens to participate in perpetuating a racialized and unequal world.
Humanism in Trans-civilizational Perspectives: Relational Subjectivity and Social Ethics in Classical Chinese Philosophy (Emerging Globalities and Civilizational Perspectives)
by Jana S. RoškerThis book introduces into the current global ethics debate models of humanism developed in classical Chinese traditions, which have not yet been comprehensively presented to Western scholarship or integrated into the framework of global discourses on social ethics and morality. It creates new paradigms for an understanding of humanism that meets the demands of our time. It begins by presenting European descriptions and critical assessments of this discourse, and then moves to an exploration of humanistic ideas shaped through historical developments in Asia, with a focus on the Chinese tradition. In this sense, the book is written from a transcivilizational perspective. The methods used in the research transcend---that is, surpass and overcome---the rigid, isolating, and essentialist concept of civilization. At the same time, the book points to the possibility of transformation through the exchange of knowledge and ideas between different civilizations. Within this framework, the book starts from the assumption that the ontology of civilizations and cultures is not based on immutable substances, but on the relations between different factors that constitute them as categories. The transcivilizational perspective rooted in transcultural dialogues between philosophies that originated in different cultures and civilizations is particularly valuable because of the globalized world in which we live today. This means that the problems that affect people in different parts of the world and the issues that are embedded in different geopolitical and developmental frameworks also affect all of humanity. This book is of particular interest to scholars and students of global ethics, globalization, Asian philosophy and Sinology.
Humanism in a Non-Humanist World (Studies in Humanism and Atheism)
by Monica R. MillerThis book brings together a diverse and wide-ranging group of thinkers to forge unsuspecting conversations across the humanist and non-humanist divide. How should humanism relate to a non-humanist world? What distinguishes “humanism” from the “non-humanist?” Readers will encounter a wide-range of perspectives on the terms bringing together this volume, where “Humanism” “Non-Humanist” and “World” are not taken for granted, but instead, tackled from a wide variety of perspectives, spaces, discourses, and approaches. This volume offers both a pragmatic and scholarly account of these terms and worldviews allowing for multiple points of analytical and practical points of entry into the unfolding dialogue between humanism and the non-humanist world. In this way, this volume is attentive to both theoretically and historically grounded inquiry and applied practical application.
Humanist Realism for Sociologists (Routledge Advances in Sociology)
by Terry LeahyRecent critiques treat humanism as a mistaken value framework. Indeed, the concept of human nature is in fact essential for sociology, but is often being denied at the same time as it appears without acknowledgement. While classic authors can show us how to connect an ethics with a concept of human nature, current humanists must tackle the sociobiological view of human nature and interrogate humanism in the light of the ecological crisis. Humanist Realism for Sociologists both explains and explores some of the main arguments surrounding humanism put forward by classic social theorists such as Aristotle, Marx and Weber, as well as more contemporary authors, such as Braidotti, Oakley, Weedon, Firestone, Connell, Flyvjberg, Foucault and Bourdieu. A must-have tool for understanding how value perspectives cannot be eliminated from the social sciences, this book is essential for undergraduates, postgraduates and postdoctoral researchers interested in the fields of sociology, anthropology, women’s studies, social work, human geography, political philosophy and ecology.
Humanistic Foundation of Criminal Law
by Xingliang ChenThis book uses humanity-rationality and experience and the freedom of human will as a theoretical perspective to examine the basic framework of criminal law theories constructed by the criminal classic school and the criminal empirical school. The author puts forward the principle of the duality of rationality and experience of humanity and affirms the determinism of human behavior in the ontological sense and the freedom of will in the axiological sense. From this point of view, this book examines the humanistic foundations of crime and punishment, legislation and justice.
Humanistic Geography and Literature: Essays on the Experience of Place (Routledge Library Editions: Social and Cultural Geography)
by Douglas C. D. PocockThis book introduces the beginning student to the major concepts, materials and tools of the discipline of geography. While it presents geographic theory, as whole and for each of its parts, the chief emphasis is on concrete analysis and example rather than on abstraction, an approach which has proven more successful for undergraduate courses than those with a more heavily theoretical bias. The text was extensively re-written for the third edition, which enhanced its clarity and effectiveness, with expanded cartographic coverage.
Humanistic Geography: Problems and Prospects (Routledge Library Editions: Social and Cultural Geography)
by David Ley Marwyn S. SamuelsHumanistic geography now has an established position in the intellectual development of contemporary geography. However there has so far been little attempt to draw together the humanistic approach in one broad statement. This book by the leading figures in the field provides a platform for the exposition of humanistic geography in all its aspects.
Humanistic Spirit of Traditional Chinese Medicine
by Genhai LuoThis book aims to introduce in everyday language the profound culture and unique legacy of the ancient healing art with mesmerizing stories, allusions and anecdotes in the history of its evolution, handpicked from three perspectives, including contributions of master TCM practitioners, the nourishment of TCM by traditional Chinese culture, and the exchanges between TCM and its western counterparts. The vivid narrative of each section is complemented with elaboration of one related key TCM concept in a specific column. It is a brilliant reader for those interested in TCM and traditional Chinese culture.
Humanitarian Aftershocks in Haiti
by Mark SchullerThe 2010 earthquake in Haiti was one of the deadliest disasters in modern history, sparking an international aid response--with pledges and donations of $16 billion--that was exceedingly generous. But now, five years later, that generous aid has clearly failed. In Humanitarian Aftershocks in Haiti, anthropologist Mark Schuller captures the voices of those involved in the earthquake aid response, and they paint a sharp, unflattering view of the humanitarian enterprise. Schuller led an independent study of eight displaced-persons camps in Haiti, compiling more than 150 interviews ranging from Haitian front-line workers and camp directors to foreign humanitarians and many displaced Haitian people. The result is an insightful account of why the multi-billion-dollar aid response not only did little to help but also did much harm, triggering a range of unintended consequences, rupturing Haitian social and cultural institutions, and actually increasing violence, especially against women. The book shows how Haitian people were removed from any real decision-making, replaced by a top-down, NGO-dominated system of humanitarian aid, led by an army of often young, inexperienced foreign workers. Ignorant of Haitian culture, these aid workers unwittingly enacted policies that triggered a range of negative results. Haitian interviewees also note that the NGOs "planted the flag," and often tended to "just do something," always with an eye to the "photo op" (in no small part due to the competition over funding). Worse yet, they blindly supported the eviction of displaced people from the camps, forcing earthquake victims to relocate in vast shantytowns that were hotbeds of violence. Humanitarian Aftershocks in Haiti concludes with suggestions to help improve humanitarian aid in the future, perhaps most notably, that aid workers listen to--and respect the culture of--the victims of catastrophe.
Humanitarian Aid and Empowerment of Ukrainian Refugees: The Case of Visegrad Group countries: Czechia, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia
by Dorota Moroń, Małgorzata Madej and Judit CsobaThe book presents good practices in humanitarian assistance and empowerment of Ukrainian refugees in various areas: emergency aid to large groups crossing the border, organisation of support in places of temporary stay, learning local languages, inclusion of children in school and adults in the labour market, and inclusion in the local community. It indicates the forms of international protection and the scope of their application by migrants from Ukraine, and discusses the temporary protection status dedicated to Ukrainian refugees.The volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of migration and diaspora studies, immigration law, and public policy.
Humanitarian Aid in Post-Soviet Countries: An Anthropological Perspective (Central Asian Studies)
by Laetitia Atlani-DuaultAn anthropologist among aid workers. Her objective: to study that exotic tribe, humanitarian and development workers, along with their state and non-state partners, as they "export democracy" to post-soviet countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus. Her method: to join the tribe for ten years. From New York to Alma-Ata, by way of Geneva and Baku, Laëtitia Atlani-Duault provides both an understanding of the individuals working in the field and a critical analysis of the sweeping political implications of NGO activities. A focus on supposedly "de-politicized" policy areas (notably the prevention of HIV/AIDS epidemic) provides wider insights into the objectives and practices of international aid workers in countries beset by rising poverty, drug trafficking, prostitution, and decaying education and health services. The author also provides a rich canvas of human stories, from the "workshops" in which diametrically opposed political approaches often clash to the occasional small triumphs in which effective public health interventions are worked out. This timely book will be of great interest not only to scholars of post-soviet countries, but also to those interested in humanitarian and development aid worldwide. It will also be relevant for the study of the anthropology of development, as well as medical and political anthropology.
Humanitarian Assistance for Displaced Persons from Myanmar
by Supang Chantavanich Premjai Vungsiriphisal Dares ChusriThis book is one of four volumes on a major empirical migration study by leading Thai migration specialists from Chulalongkorn University (Bangkok) for the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). This volume examines the protracted refugee situation at the Thai-Myanmar border. Displaced persons are kept in closed settlements, and this has limited their self-reliance. A resettlement program has been implemented and many refugees have been accepted in resettlement countries. Repatriation is not recommended as a durable solution unless Myanmar becomes a safe place for return. Funding and intervention policies of international organizations and NGOs vary. Donors prefer to switch humanitarian assistance to development aid. The book provides realistic policy recommendations for a durable solution for refugees at the borders. Practitioners and policymakers from governments, international organizations and NGOs will benefit from its findings. The volume is also helpful for anyone studying forced migration and its denouement in the globalized age.
Humanitarian Borders: Unequal Mobility and Saving Lives
by Polly Pallister-WilkinsThe seamy underside of humanitarianismWhat does it mean when humanitarianism is the response to death, injury and suffering at the border? This book interrogates the politics of humanitarian responses to border violence and unequal mobility, arguing that such responses mask underlying injustices, depoliticise violent borders and bolster liberal and paternalist approaches to suffering. Focusing on the diversity of actors involved in humanitarian assistance alongside the times and spaces of action, the book draws a direct line between privileges of movement and global inequalities of race, class, gender and disability rooted in colonial histories and white supremacy and humanitarian efforts that save lives while entrenching such inequalities. Based on eight years of research with border police, European Union officials, professional humanitarians, and grassroots activists in Europe&’s borderlands, including Italy and Greece, the book argues that this kind of saving lives builds, expands and deepens already restrictive borders and exclusive and exceptional identities through what the book calls humanitarian borderwork.
Humanitarian Competencies for Global Mental Health Professionals: Guidelines for Responding to Humanitarian Emergency (Contemporary Humanitarian Action and Emergency Management)
by Elena CherepanovThis book provides a comprehensive guidance for mental health professionals to humanitarianism and humanitarian culture. When responding to disasters, wars, famines, political violence and other humanitarian emergencies, mental health providers join other multidisciplinary and multisectoral humanitarian actors coming from around the world and united by a common purpose of saving lives and eliminating suffering. This book orients globally minded mental health and human services providers to the professional and personal challenges they can face and equips them with core humanitarian competencies: the understanding of the context of humanitarian work, the knowledge of relief systems, and best practices. Familiarity with the guidelines and regulations is essential for establishing effective collaborations and conducting contextually appropriate and ethical interventions, avoiding duplication of services, minimizing fragmentation, and reducing risks for all involved. The recognition of tremendous differential power and the extreme vulnerability of people served call for the highest standards and integrity of conduct and practice as the price for an ethical indiscretion in a humanitarian emergency can be very high. Humanitarian competencies mitigate risks associated with aid work in the increasingly polarized and politicized world. This mentally and morally demanding environment emphasizes the importance of peer support, self-awareness and self-care to manage fantasies and prevent burnout. The book is written by a global mental health expert with over 20 years of experience responding to international humanitarian emergencies and teaching theory and practice of global mental health in academic settings. In this volume, Dr. Elena Cherepanov combines empirical evidence with academic rigor to share unique insights and original observations with mental health professionals interested in learning the nuts and bolts of humanitarian action. The author also reviews ethically questionable practices, emerging myths and misconceptions in global mental health work and suggests protocols for negotiating ethical and moral dilemmas in the humanitarian situation.
Humanitarian Crises and Migration: Causes, Consequences and Responses
by Susan F. Martin, Sanjula Weerasinghe and Abbie TaylorWhether it is the stranding of tens of thousands of migrant workers at the Libyan–Tunisian border, or the large-scale displacement triggered by floods in Pakistan and Colombia, hardly a week goes by in which humanitarian crises have not precipitated human movement. While some people move internally, others internationally, some temporarily and others permanently, there are also those who become "trapped" in place, unable to move to greater safety. Responses to these "crisis migrations" are varied and inadequate. Only a fraction of "crisis migrants" are protected by existing international, regional or national law. Even where law exists, practice does not necessarily guarantee safety and security for those who are forced to move or remain trapped. Improvements are desperately needed to ensure more consistent and effective responses. This timely book brings together leading experts from multi-disciplinary backgrounds to reflect on diverse humanitarian crises and to shed light on a series of exploratory questions: In what ways do people move in the face of crisis situations? Why do some people move, while others do not? Where do people move? When do people move, and for how long? What are the challenges and opportunities in providing protection to crisis migrants? How might we formulate appropriate responses and sustainable solutions, and upon what factors should these depend? This volume is divided into four parts, with an introductory section outlining the parameters of "crisis migration," conceptualizing the term and evaluating its utility. This section also explores the legal, policy and institutional architecture upon which current responses are based. Part II presents a diverse set of case studies, from the earthquake in Haiti and the widespread violence in Mexico, to the ongoing exodus from Somalia, and environmental degradation in Alaska and the Carteret Islands, among others. Part III focuses on populations that may be at particular risk, including non-citizens, migrants at sea, those displaced to urban areas, and trapped populations. The concluding section maps the global governance of crisis migration and highlights gaps in current provisions for crisis-related movement across multiple levels. This valuable book brings together previously diffuse research and policy issues under the analytical umbrella of "crisis migration." It lays the foundations for assessing and addressing real challenges to the status quo, and will be of interest to scholars, policy makers, and practitioners committed to seeking out improved responses and ensuring the dignity and safety of millions who move in the context of humanitarian crises.
Humanitarian Displacement and Boko Haram in Nigeria
by Medinat Abdulazeez MalefakisThe book analyses the management of the internal displacement caused by activities of Boko Haram’s terrorist insurgence in Nigeria. With over 3.1m persons displaced, the humanitarian crisis is at teeter ends with acute malnourishment, inadequate wash and non-relief materials, improper hygiene facilities, and lack of access to basic relief aid for displaced persons. The array of humanitarian organisations belies the concrete living conditions of displaced persons and calls to question the huge resources assumed to be expended on managing the humanitarian crisis in the northeast of Nigeria and the Lake Chad Basin in general. Based on ethnographic research in IDP camps, the book chronicles the concrete living conditions of displaced persons and argues that IDPs in Northeastern Nigeria have been victimised first by Boko Haram’s terrorism, and then victimised again by inefficient, un-coordinated, and unsuitable displacement management programs. This book also explicate the roles played by the Nigerian government and international aid agencies in managing this displacement, vis-à-vis a comparative analysis of similar, but better managed displacement situations in Kenya, Lebanon, and Turkey.