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Population Since the Industrial Revolution: The Case of England and Wales (Routledge Library Editions: Demography #13)
by Neil TranterOriginally published in 1973, this book is an introduction to the study of population history since the Industrial Revolution and focuses on the experience of England and Wales. It provides both a comprehensive survey of the vast array of specialist literature and a thorough explanation of the sources and methodology of historical demographic analysis. Throughout special emphasis is given to the need to recognise that the historical pattern of population growth in England and Wales has been broadly similar to that observed elsewhere in Western Europe. The sources and techniques of historical demography are discussed and the general outline of population growth between 1688 and 1939 examined. The factors responsible for the dramatic increase in population growth during the late 18th and 19th Centuries are analysed as are the causes of the abrupt down-turn in rate of population following World War 1. The part played by population change in the development of the British economy and the impact of population change on society are also covered. By integrating the social and economic impact of population change with sources and methods, this text fills a gap and will be of essential reading to students in economics, sociology and social history.
Population Structures and Models: Developments in Spatial Demography (Routledge Library Editions: Demography #14)
by Robert Woods Philip ReesOriginally published in 1986, this volume brings together geographical modelling of population change and demographic analysis of population structures and pattern. These 2 strands are interwoven in 3 key review chapters that summarize the study of spatial and temporal patterns of population, the modelling of spatial populations and the estimation of population processes. Findings reported include: An account of demographic transition; an exposé of the myth of ‘no fertility rises’ in the developing world in the 20th Century; a theory of population accounting; predicting migration flows for a system of regions; microsimulation methods to model population change; and demographic and economic processes integrated in an urban region model.
Population Studies and Development from Theory to Fieldwork
by Véronique PetitThis book addresses major population and development issues: fertility and reproductive health, migrations, gender, education, poverty and inequalities. To that aim it revisits and considerably enlarges Kingsley Davis’ 1963 theory of change and response, using interdisciplinary methodologies. On the basis of four decades of field research (1985-2015), it questions the rationality of the actors, how culture shapes socio-demographic behaviours, in a context of modernity and globalisation. More specifically, it casts new light on the interactions of individuals, families, networks and local communities with the State and its population policy.
Population Studies in the Western Balkans (European Studies of Population #26)
by Christos Skiadas Konstantinos N. Zafeiris Byron KotzamanisThis book is a collection of scientific studies regarding the biological, economic, historical, health, social, and other aspects of the populations of the western Balkans, a geographic area with distinct as well as diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, political systems, ethnic characteristics, development, and history. Through providing data analyses, statistical methodologies, and important applications, the book addresses and explores topics such as temporary migration and human resource availability, depopulation, and the immigration future, returning migrants, poverty, population dynamics and birth rate trends, reproduction and family creation, aging, mortality and health developments, and much more. As such, this book is of great importance in understanding the mechanisms of population change and dynamics in an European area and provides a valuable guide for researchers, policy makers, and practitioners from various disciplines.
Population Theory in China (Routledge Revivals)
by H. Yuan TienProfessor Ma Yinchu�s New Population Theory was widely criticised and discredited in the early years of the People�s Republic of China. However, in 1979, the Chinese government began to accept his hypothesis that the country could not afford more than a 2% increase in population and agreed that the population must be controlled. As a result, the government began setting out campaigns to promote single-child families and measures to curb fertility in an attempt to reduce the rate of natural births. First published in 1980, H. Yuan Tien�s study demonstrates the major changes that took place in China in 1979, how the acceptance of New Population Theory affected the country as a whole and what policies were likely to be put into place as an after-effect. This title will be of interest to students of Asian Studies and International Politics.
Population Trends in New Jersey
by David Listokin James W. HughesTo fully understand New Jersey in the 2020s and beyond, it is crucial to understand its ever-changing population. This book examines the twenty-first century demographic trends that are reshaping the state now and will continue to do so in the future. But trend analysis requires a deep historical context. Present-day New Jersey is the result of a long demographic and economic journey that has taken place over centuries, constantly influenced by national and global forces. This book provides a detailed examination of this journey. The result is present-day New Jersey. The authors also highlight key trends that will continue to transform the state: domestic migration out of the state and immigration into it; increasing diversity; slower overall population growth; contracting fertility; the household revolution and changing living arrangements; generational disruptions; and suburbanization versus re-urbanization. All of these factors help place in context the result of the 2020 decennial U.S. Census. While the book focuses on New Jersey, the Garden State is a template of demographic, economic, social, and other forces characterizing the United States in the twenty-first century.
Population Under Duress: Geodemography Of Post-soviet Russia
by George J DemkoThe demographic history of twentieth-century Russia has been marked by a series of tragedies. Calamitous wars, revolutions, civil strife, and political murders have resulted in unparalleled mortality rates, depressed fertility rates, and sadly unprecedented demographic patterns of all types. This volume explores the most recent problems afflicting the Russian population in the post?Cold War era.The demise of the Soviet Union has brought new hardships?the collapse of the health-care system, internal strife, and economic disruptions?to the people and has deeply affected demographic processes throughout Russia. The contributors explore key trends, from increasing mortality rates and decreasing birth rates to refugee flows into Russia and the ?brain drain? out of Russia. Problems of aging, increased infant mortality, and urban and rural population change are discussed in detail for each major region.Rarely has there been a better opportunity to examine the spatial, economic, psychological, and political factors contributing to demographic stress in a current setting. These demographic processes are not only unique as a domestic social phenomenon but are also immensely significant in their global impact, influencing international migration and foreign aid.
Population ageing and international development: From generalisation to evidence
by Peter Lloyd-SherlockOver the next 40 years the number of people aged 60+ in the world, many of whom live in developing regions, will grow by 1¼ billion. What will old age be like for them? This original book provides an analysis of links between development, population ageing and older people, challenging some widely held misconceptions. It highlights the complexity of international experiences and argues that the effects of population ageing on development are influenced by policy choices. The book will be of interest to a range of academic disciplines, including economics, gerontology, social policy and development studies as well as policy-makers and practitioners concerned with developing countries.
Population and Development
by W.T.S. GouldPopulation and Development addresses important issues at the heart of the problems of developing countries. How these countries address the common difficulties of population growth, including mortality and fertility decline, population redistribution including internal migration and urbanization, and also international migration, for both source countries and for destination countries. How and why has population change affected development – both positively and negatively? How and why has development affected population change – both growth and distribution? The book opens with an introduction, preceding the ten substantive chapters, covering some of the broader issues for population studies and development studies and the relationships between them. The first three chapters set out the main concepts and theoretical discussions on how population affects development and also how development affects population. Detailed chapters then cover each of the three main components of population change – fertility, mortality and finally migration. These are followed by chapters on the impacts of age structures, including the potential for a demographic dividend, and of the more qualitative aspects of human resource development through formal education and ICTs, with further chapters on population policies and population futures. The book incorporates illustrative text boxes and case studies on regions in Africa, the Middle East and Asia which elaborate the broader theoretical and conceptual substance of the ten major chapters. Each chapter has ‘Discussion Questions’ and ‘Sources and Further Reading’ sections, and there is an extensive integrated References section. The arguments of the book bring together a large but fairly loosely integrated literature from population studies, development studies and geography in a conceptually coordinated, empirically wide-ranging and challenging discussion. It is targeted at an audience in undergraduate courses in Geography and in Masters courses in Development Studies and Population Studies. The books succinct but erudite structure means it can be used either as a course text book, or as a basic reference on a range of current issues and likely concerns at the interface between Geography, Development Studies and Population Studies.
Population and Development
by W.T.S. GouldThe new edition of Population and Development offers an up-to-date perspective on one of the critical issues at the heart of the problems of development for all countries, and especially those that seek to implement major economic and social change: the reflexive relationships between a country’s population and its development. How does population size, distribution, age structure and skill base affect development patterns and prospects? How has global development been affected by regional population change? Retaining the structure of the well-received first edition, the book has been substantially revised and updated. The opening chapters of the book establish the theoretical and historical basis for examining the basic reflexive relationship, with exploration of the Malthusian perspective and its critics to examine how population change affects development, and exploration of the Demographic Transition Model and its critics to examine how, why and to what extent development drives population change. These are followed by empirically rich chapters on each of the main components of population change – mortality, fertility, internal and international migration, age structures and skill base – each elaborating key ideas with detailed and contrasting case studies from all regions of the developing world. There are concluding and more integrative discussions on population policies and global population futures. Bringing together Population Studies, Development Studies and Geography, the new edition of Population and Development is a key resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students across a range of programmes with specialist modules on population change. There is a large bibliography, with major new sections identifying a wide range of online resources for further study. Each chapter contains a reading guide with discussion questions. The text is enlivened by a number of case studies from around the world, most of which are new or have been substantially revised. Written by a leading international scholar in population, the book successfully integrates cutting-edge academic research with the focus and efforts of international development agencies.
Population and Development Issues
by Yves CharbitOne of the major challenges facing the world today is the interaction between demographic changes and development. Rather than the usual view that the population itself is the main problem, Population and Development Issues argues that it is just one factor among many others, such as poverty, illiteracy, poor health, unemployment, the condition of women and climate change.This book analyzes the relationships between the key demographic variables (fertility, morbidity and mortality, migration, etc.) and major development issues, notably education, employment, health, gender, social and geographical inequalities and climate concerns. Bringing together contributions from specialists across every field, it presents empirical data simply and clearly alongside theoretical reflections.
Population and Development in the Third World (Routledge Introductions to Development)
by Allan M. Findlay Anne FindlayAllan and Anne Findlay argue that a nation's human population is a vital resource in the development process. Changes in its composition - increased life expectancy combined with a falling birth rate, for example - can have profound effects upon a society. Warfare and mass migration of male workers also have long-reaching effects on those left behind. The rapid growth of Third World populations has often incorrectly been identified as the major force preventing more rapid economic development. Population pressure has been known to generate technological breakthroughs. Their final chapter examines family planning programmes, and concludes by asking who benefits most from population policies and questioning the right of developed countries to advocate family planning programmes for Third World nations.
Population and Health in Developing Countries
by Maryse GaimardThis book provides an overview of the health of developing nations in the early twenty-first century. The basic assumption is that the health of a population is not independent of broader demographic trends, and does follow the health transition model. The coverage is broad, ranging from health transition in developing countries, to the health of women, to an analysis of morbidity. Population health is an essential component of human and social development. As both a means and an end of development, health lies at the heart of underdevelopment, and ranks first on the list of international priorities. The WHO slogan 'Health for all in 2000' reflects the spirit of a more general movement in favor of health promotion throughout the world. But the developing world is far from reaching this aim. The health of populations has improved in developing regions but there are still deep inequalities, and serious problems remain, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. After reviewing the core concepts of population health, the book examines health transition in developing countries, a process that has resulted in a double burden of diseases. A discussion of mortality in developing countries serves to highlight the high rates of child mortality in these regions. The book devotes a full chapter to women's health, and its chapter-length analysis of morbidity highlights the double burden weighing down developing populations and concludes with an analysis of health systems in developing countries.
Population and Labour Market Policies in China’s Reform Process (China Perspectives)
by Sun WenkaiThis book investigates the population and labour management reforms implemented since the reform and opening up of China in the early 1980s, giving insights into the economic and social implications of these reforms and future prospects for population governance. The study examines three major components of China’s population management strategy in terms of its history and implementation: the household registration (Hukou) system, family planning policy, and the labour market system. Grounded in both qualitative and quantitative analysis, key metrics are introduced to better understand the Hukou system on the one hand while exploring the socio-economic issues arising from the policy, including the economic behaviour or residents, fertility, care of older people, entrepreneurship, institutional premiums and gender wage differentials. Based on these investigations, the author advances constructive suggestions to inform policymaking, aiming to deepen market-oriented reform of the economic system and improve social welfare in China.The title will be a good reference for academics, students and policy makers interested in social policy, labour economics and especially China’s population and labour policy and Chinese economy and society.
Population and Society
by Dudley L. Poston Leon F. BouvierPopulation and Society: An Introduction to Demography is an ideal text for undergraduate, as well as graduate, students taking their first course in demography. It is sociologically oriented, although economics, political science, geography, history, and the other social sciences are also used to inform the materials. Although the emphasis is on demography, the book recognizes that, at the individual level, population change is related to private decisions, especially in relation to fertility, but also to mortality and migration. The text thus considers in some detail the role of individuals in population decision making. At the level of countries, and even the world, changes in population size have an important effect on the environmental and related challenges facing all of the world's inhabitants. Therefore, attention is paid to the broad implications of population growth and change.
Population and Society in the Arab East (Routledge Library Editions: Society of the Middle East #16)
by Gabriel BaerThis book, first published in English in 1964, examines a wide range of topics concerning society in the Arab East. Chapters are concerned with woman and the family; religious and linguistic communities; bedouins, fellas and townsmen; and the various social and economic classes and strata. While there are no special sections devoted to geography, economics, culture, trends of thought, and the historical and political developments of the Arab Eastern countries, there is scarcely a page which does not touch on one or another of them.
Population and Strategies for National Sustainable Development: Population and Strategies for National Sustainable Development (Health and Population Set)
by Gayl D Ness Meghan V GolayFirst Published in 2009. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Population and Sustainable Development in India
by Aalok Ranjan ChaurasiaThis book addresses central issues related to population and sustainable development in India, the second most populous country in the world. Using the latest available source of data in the context of the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, it analyzes the current state of development in India in terms of economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection, especially focusing on the role of population. The respective chapters explore various aspects, but mainly focus on promoting greater sustainability in terms of population growth, child survival, and economic growth. As such, the book will be of interest to students, researchers, and policymakers in the fields of population studies, economics, and international development.
Population and the Political Imagination: Census, Register and Citizenship in India
by R.B. BhagatThis book identifies population as a central issue of polity and examines its links to ideas of state and citizenship. It explores the relationship between the state, citizenship and polity by reexamining processes related to census enumeration, population and citizen registers, and the politics of classificatory governmentality. Religion, ethnicity, caste and political class play a key role in determining community identities and the relationship between an individual and the state. Contextualizing the arguments and controversies around the Citizenship (Amendment) Act 2019 (CAA 2019) and the National Register of Citizens (NRC), the book examines the processes of inclusion or exclusion of minorities and migrants as citizens in India. It focusses on the classification of irregular and refugee migration since independence in India, especially in the state of Assam. The book highlights how political imagination, as a theoretical framework, shapes the processes and strategies for enumeration and classification and thereby the idea of citizenship. Underlining the relationship between instruments of government, political mobilization and the resurgence of communal polarization, it also offers suggestions for alternative constructions of citizenship and an inclusive state. This book will be useful for students and researchers of population studies, population geography, migration studies, sociology, political science, social anthropology, law and journalism. It will also be of interest to policy makers, journalists, as well as NGOs and CSOs.
Population and the Social Problem (Routledge Library Editions: Demography #15)
by J. SwinburneOriginally published in 1924 and inevitably a product of the time in which it was published, the author assumes that people exercise their powers of reproduction near to capacity. The book views this pressure on population as a social problem, the fundamental cause of human and social challenges. Solutions such as a tax on children, public education and a laissez faire economic order are all suggested.
Population in History: Essays in Historical Demography, Volume I: General and Great Britain
by D. V. Glass D. E. C. EversleyThis large-scale comparative endeavor, complete in two volumes, reflects increasing concern with the population factor in economic and social change worldwide. Demographers, on their side, have been focusing on history. In response to this, Population in History represents the work of two practitioners that have begun to work together, using their combined approaches in an attempt to assess and account for population growth experienced by the West since the seventeenth century.There is a long record of interest in the history of population. But the interest now displayed is likely to be both more persistent and far more fruitful in its consequences. New studies have been initiated in many countries. And because the studies are more informed and systematic than many of those of earlier periods, they are already provoking the further spread of research. A much more positive part is now also being played by national and international associations of historians and demographers. It is not unlikely that, within the next fifteen or twenty years, the main outlines of population change in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries will be firmly established for much of Europe.Previous research has tended to appear in specialist journals and academic publications. This volume is intended to provide a more easily accessible publication. It has been thought appropriate to include some earlier work, both because of its intrinsic interest and because it provided the background and part of the stimulus to the later research. Of the twenty-seven contributions to this outstanding volume, seven are unabridged reprints of earlier work; the remaining contributions are either entirely new or represent substantial revisions of work published elsewhere.
Population in History: Essays in Historical Demography, Volume II: Europe and United States
by Hugh DaunceyThis large-scale comparative endeavor, complete in two volumes, reflects increasing concern with the population factor in economic and social change worldwide. Demographers, on their side, have been focusing on history. In response to this, Population in History represents the work of two practitioners that have begun to work together, using their combined approaches in an attempt to assess and account for population growth experienced by the West since the seventeenth century.There is a long record of interest in the history of population. But the interest now displayed is likely to be both more persistent and far more fruitful in its consequences. New studies have been initiated in many countries. And because the studies are more informed and systematic than many of those of earlier periods, they are already provoking the further spread of research. A much more positive part is now also being played by national and international associations of historians and demographers. It is not unlikely that, within the next fifteen or twenty years, the main outlines of population change in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries will be firmly established for much of Europe.Previous research has tended to appear in specialist journals and academic publications. This volume is intended to provide a more easily accessible publication. It has been thought appropriate to include some earlier work, both because of its intrinsic interest and because it provided the background and part of the stimulus to the later research. Of the twenty-seven contributions to this outstanding volume, seven are unabridged reprints of earlier work; the remaining contributions are either entirely new or represent substantial revisions of work published elsewhere.
Population, Development, and the Environment: Challenges to Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in the Asia Pacific
by Helen JamesThis book takes the reader into some of the most intransigent social, economic, and political issues that impact achieving sustainable development in Asia and the Pacific. Through meticulous analysis of the integrated relationships between population, development, and the environment, the chapters in this volume investigate the impacts of hydropower development on fragile ecosystems; mining, landslides and environmental degradation; deforestation; water and food security; rural-urban migration, poverty alleviation, civil society and community empowerment; and how disaster recovery requires multi-scalar and multi-disciplinary approaches that take into account governance, culture, and leadership. Legal frameworks may be legislated, but are often rarely implemented.The book will be valuable to students of sustainability, population and development, and governmental policy advising sectors as well as the NGO and humanitarian sectors. The distinctive characteristic of this book is that it encapsulates an integrated, multi-disciplinary focus which brings to the discussion both robust empirical research and challenging policy applications in the investigation of how the sustainable development goals may be achieved in Asia and the Pacific.
Population, Environment and Disease: Towards Health Geography
by Ranjan Roy Nazrul Islam Rukhsana Asraful Alam Sourav BiswasThis book discusses a broad range of vital issues in public health, encompassing health facilities, the healthcare system, disease and epidemiological transition of disease, spatio-temporal change of health facilities, disease patterns, and the complex reciprocal relationship between human health and the environment. The book is arranged into three broad sections. Part I: Socio-demographic determinants of public health and policies; Part II: Spatio-temporal & environmental determinants of public health and policies; and Part III: Disease epidemics and challenges. Considering all these overarching themes, this book has been prepared to discuss and provide insights to generate awareness of the holistic perspective of social, cultural, and political factors for public health, disease, epidemics, health facilities, the healthcare system, government policies, prosperity and backdrops in global and local contexts as a geographical perspective. The book should attract the attention of students, researchers, academicians, policymakers and other inquisitive readers interested in different aspects of public health, health geography, and spatial demography.
Population, Ethnicity, And Nation-building
by Calvin GoldscheiderThis volume focuses on the linkages between ethnicity and population processes in the context of nation-building. Using historical and contemporary illustrations in a variety of countries, parts of this complex puzzle are scrutinized through the prisms of sociology, history, political science, anthropology, and demography Themes of ethnic group formation and transformation, persistence and assimilation, demographic transitions and convergences, and the processes of political mobilization and economic development are described and compared. Case studies from Southeast Asia, China, Africa, Brazil, Israel, the former Soviet Union, Canada, Europe, and the United States are presented by leading scholars. The examples illustrate the diversity of contexts that connect population, ethnicity, and nation-building, raising new questions and comparative problems. The importance of ethnic conflict for issues of inequality and group disadvantage in the emerging societies of Asia, Africa, and the Middle East; in the politics of race and immigration in western societies; and in European and American history emerges from the research. The multidisciplinary emphasis addresses core themes of ethnicity and nation-building in comparative perspectives.