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Potentialities: Collected Essays in Philosophy (Meridian: Crossing Aesthetics)
by Giorgio AgambenThis book collects fifteen major philosophical essays spanning more than twenty years by acclaimed Italian philosopher and author of State of Exception.Giorgio Agamben is one of contemporary philosophy’s most influential thinkers on the subjects of language, power, society. This collection of essays opens with an enlightening introduction by the translator Daniel Heller-Roazen, who situates Agamben’s work with respect to both the history of philosophy and contemporary European thought. The essays that follow articulate a series of theoretical confrontations with privileged figures in the history of philosophy, politics, and criticism, from Plato to Spinoza, Aristotle to Deleuze, Carl Schmitt to Benjamin, Hegel to Aby Warburg, and Heidegger to Derrida. Three fundamental concepts organize the collection as a whole: the existence of language; the nature of history; and the problem of potentiality in metaphysics, ethics, and the philosophy of language. All these topics converge in the final part of the book, in which Agamben offers an extensive reading of Melville’s short story “Bartleby the Scrivener” as a work that puts potentiality and actuality, possibility and reality, in a new light.
Potenziale der Digitalisierung für die Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderung: Eine anwendungsbezogene Praxisforschung im Alltag (Dortmunder Beiträge zur Sozialforschung)
by Ann Christin SchulzDigitalisierung betrifft alle Lebensbereiche. Aber nicht alle Personen können diesem Prozess adäquat begegnen und sie werden zunehmend aus der Gesellschaft ausgeschlossen. Ihnen droht also (digitale) Exklusion. Besonders im Jahr 2020 erlangte die Digitalisierung durch die Coronavirus-Pandemie einen Aufwind, indem eine Vielzahl analoger Praktiken in den digitalen Raum verlagert wurden. Dadurch entstanden Chancen auf Teilhabe, jedoch stieg auch die Gefahr der Exklusion - besonders für Personen, die prädisponiert für Marginalisierung sind, wie die in diesem Buch zugrundeliegende Zielgruppe "Menschen mit geistigen Behinderungen" (MmgB). Aufgrund dessen ist es erforderlich, die gesellschaftliche Teilhabe zu untersuchen. Ann Christin Schulz stützt sich dabei auf den sozialen Transformationsprozess der Digitalisierung. Im Vordergrund steht die subjektorientierte Betrachtungsebene mit einem praxistheoretischen Ansatz, indem in Form von Beobachtungen und eingebetteter Forschung ein Jahr in einer Einrichtung einer Behindertenhilfe geforscht wurde. Die Autorin zeigt u.a., welche Chancen und Risiken Digitalisierung für die Teilhabe von MmgB bietet, welche sozialen Praktiken sich mit digitalen Technologien entfalten und welcher Einfluss der soziale Kontext von MmgB auf ihre Teilhabe hat.
Potenziale entfalten und organisationale Routinen gestalten: Migranten als multikulturelle Individuen und interkulturelle Aushandlung in verschiedenen Organisationskontexten
by Sina GrosskopfDieses Buch beschäftigt sich mit Migranten als multikulturelle Individuen, die durch die Sozialisierung in verschiedenen Ländern ein erweitertes kulturelles Repertoire aufweisen. Dieses Repertoire stellt Potenziale im Arbeitskontext, die von Organisationen selten erkannt und deshalb auch nicht in strategische Ressourcen umgewandelt werden können. Anhand von vier qualitativen Fallstudien der Luft- und Raumfahrt und Unternehmensberatung in Deutschland zeigt das Buch, dass multikulturelle Individuen organisationale Routinen aufbrechen und in interkulturellen Aushandlungen mit Teamkollegen kreativ Veränderung und Innovation herbeiführen. Dabei beeinflusst der organisationale Kontext die Veränderungsspielräume und -funktionen. So wird ein theoretischer Beitrag zu Kompetenzen multikultureller Individuen geleistet, sowie ein praktischer Beitrag für die Personal- und Organisationsentwicklung, ebenso wie ein methodischer Beitrag durch die Reflexion des induktiv-abduktiven Forschungsprozesses und die Erkenntnisse zur Verbindung von Grounded Theory und Fallstudien.
Potenziale von Bewegung, Spiel und Sport für ein gesundes Aufwachsen in Deutschland: Ergebnisse aus dem Projekt 'Move for Health' (Bildung und Sport #35)
by Nils Neuber Ulrike Burrmann Bettina Rulofs Dennis Dreiskämper Miriam Kehne Jessica Süßenbach Gunda Voigts Lena HenningDer Band gibt einen Überblick über die Ergebnisse des Projekts 'Move for Health' und ordnet sie in den aktuellen Diskurs zur Bedeutung von Bewegung, Spiel und Sport im Kindesalter ein. Untersucht wurden drei Themenfelder: Die psycho-soziale Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen und das Potenzial von Bewegung, Spiel und Sport, der Sportverein als attraktive Lebenswelt im Aufwachsen und Gelingensbedingungen für das Sporttreiben von sozial benachteiligten und sportfernen Gruppen. Dies ist ein Open-Access-Buch.
Potholes in the Road: Transition Problems for Low-Income Youth in High School
by Martin Sanchez-JankowskiEducation has been increasingly lauded as the path to achieving the American Dream, and in this book Martín Sánchez-Jankowski uses extensive ethnographic research to explore the dynamics of the interrelated barriers that low-income students must surpass in order to make transitions successfully from high school to college. With rigor and compassion, and engaging in participant observation to examine how individual students confront the education system, Potholes in the Road shows how obstacles related to issues of structure, culture, and agency make achieving the American Dream through education particularly challenging.
Potlatch as Pedagogy: Learning Through Ceremony
by Robert Davidson Sara Florence DavidsonIn 1884, the Canadian government enacted a ban on the potlatch, the foundational ceremony of the Haida people. The tradition, which determined social structure, transmitted cultural knowledge, and redistributed wealth, was seen as a cultural impediment to the government&’s aim of assimilation.The tradition did not die, however; the knowledge of the ceremony was kept alive by the Elders through other events until the ban was lifted. In 1969, a potlatch was held. The occasion: the raising of a totem pole carved by Robert Davidson, the first the community had seen in close to 80 years. From then on, the community publicly reclaimed, from the Elders who remained to share it, the knowledge that has almost been lost.Sara Florence Davidson, Robert&’s daughter, would become an educator. Over the course of her own education, she came to see how the traditions of the Haida practiced by her father—holistic, built on relationships, practical, and continuous—could be integrated into contemporary educational practices. From this realization came the roots for this book.
Potlatch as Pedagogy: Learning Through Ceremony
by Robert Davidson Sara Florence DavidsonIn 1884, the Canadian government enacted a ban on the potlatch, the foundational ceremony of the Haida people. The tradition, which determined social structure, transmitted cultural knowledge, and redistributed wealth, was seen as a cultural impediment to the government&’s aim of assimilation.The tradition did not die, however; the knowledge of the ceremony was kept alive by the Elders through other events until the ban was lifted. In 1969, a potlatch was held. The occasion: the raising of a totem pole carved by Robert Davidson, the first the community had seen in close to 80 years. From then on, the community publicly reclaimed, from the Elders who remained to share it, the knowledge that has almost been lost.Sara Florence Davidson, Robert&’s daughter, would become an educator. Over the course of her own education, she came to see how the traditions of the Haida practiced by her father—holistic, built on relationships, practical, and continuous—could be integrated into contemporary educational practices. From this realization came the roots for this book.
Potter Stinks: Gender and Species in J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter Series
by Keridiana ChezDecades after captivating the globe with the Harry Potter series, J. K. Rowling ignited fierce controversy by promoting anti-trans views through social media and her website. The ensuing debate prompted a re-reckoning of the series’s latent conservatism as devoted fans grappled with its lionized author’s online vitriol against a vulnerable group. In the wake of this controversy, Potter Stinks: Gender and Species in J. K. Rowling’s "Harry Potter" Series critically examines the limitations of the liberalism embedded within the series. At the same time, the book highlights what remains worthy of celebration and rekindles important conversations about the intersection of literature, ideology, and social change. Looking primarily at the original seven books, author Keridiana Chez discusses how gender and species discourses operate in wizarding society, intersecting with questions of class, technology, and labor as well as gender and species fluidity and trans identities. Potter Stinks serves as a vital contribution to Harry Potter scholarship, paving the way for a more nuanced understanding of one of the most influential literary franchises of our time.
Potters without a Wheel: Ethnography of the Mritshilpis in Kolkata
by Saswati BhattacharyaThis book is an ethnographic study of clay idol-makers of Kumartuli in Kolkata, India. Much of the visibility and identity of Kolkata’s creative culture has been dependent upon the clay artists of Kumartuli for the last 100 years or so. This book explores the nature of the carefully constructed identity of these idol-makers as mritshilpis , or clay artists, who, as opposed to ordinary potters, work with their hands instead of a wheel. It looks at how the mritshilpis consciously embrace and expand their market based on this variation and elevated status as artists instead of artisans and studies the embeddedness of this identity within the commodity markets. It also shows that commodity markets, in this case the market of clay idols, are an outcome of trends of urbanisation, popular demand, corporatisation and commodification of culture, all of which have shaped the contours of clay idol-making as not only an occupation but a brand identity. Drawing on extensive fieldwork and in-depth interviews, the book highlights the larger structural relationship between urbanisation, indigenous occupational categories and identity politics. It will be indispensable to scholars and researchers of sociology, social anthropology, political studies, cultural history, urban economy, art history, urbanisation, cultural studies and urban sociology.
Pottery and the Archaeologist (UCL Institute of Archaeology Publications)
by Martin MillettCollection of research papers concerning ceramic and ceramic analysis for archaeologists.
Pour sortir les allumettières de l’ombre: Les ouvrières de la manufacture d’allumettes E. B. Eddy de Hull (1854-1928) (Études régionales)
by Kathleen DurocherQui étaient les « allumettières » de l’usine de pâte et papier E. B. Eddy de Hull ? De jeunes femmes exploitées ou des militantes syndicales engagées ? Entre 1854 et 1928, ces ouvrières chargées de fabriquer 90 % des allumettes du pays ont exercé un métier éreintant et extrêmement dangereux en raison des risques d’incendie et des produits chimiques toxiques qu’elles manipulaient. Les conséquences furent désastreuses pour elles, et il n’est guère surprenant que ces femmes aient déclenché le tout premier conflit syndical féminin au Québec.Dans cette première étude complète sur les allumettières de Hull, l’historienne Kathleen Durocher raconte la fascinante histoire de cette main-d’œuvre anonyme. Pour ce faire, elle met à contribution les recensements canadiens, les archives gouvernementales, privées et paroissiales, ainsi que de nombreux articles de revues scientifiques et de journaux à grand tirage.Durocher dresse ainsi un profil démographique des allumettières et propose des sections dédiées à la vie quotidienne de ces femmes ; leur rôle au sein de la classe ouvrière ; leurs fonctions dans la manufacture ; leurs conditions de travail, les dangers de l’emploi (notamment ceux associés au phosphore blanc) ; et leurs activités syndicales, de 1918 à 1928 – lorsque l’usine a quitté Hull.Tragique et inspirante, l’histoire des allumettières marque l’histoire de la région et du pays depuis plus d’un siècle, mais demeure trop peu connue. Avec ce livre, elle est enfin tirée des oubliettes.
Poverty
by Ruth ListerThe book opens with a lucid discussion of current debates around the definition and measurement of poverty in industrialized societies, before embarking on a thought-provoking and multi-faceted exploration of its conceptualization. It draws on thinking in the field of international development and real life accounts to emphasize aspects of poverty such as powerlessness, lack of voice, loss of dignity and respect.
Poverty A Philosophical Approach
by Paulette DieterlenIn Poverty: a philosophical approach, the author studies various philosophical issues concerning poverty in the Program for Education, Health and Food (PROGRESA) that was in effect in Mexico, from 1997 to 2002, and shows how theoretical discussion is necessary to clarify some ideas concerning the application of a social policy. Poverty is one of the main problems concerning economics, political philosophy, and ethics. It is an ethical problem because of its relationship with self-esteem. Since poverty is intimately related to social policies, the philosophy of poverty must consider the distribution criteria used to attend to people in situations of extreme poverty. This would involve attention to their needs, preferences, capabilities and "well-being" rights. The book considers social policies applied to poverty, and their occasional abuse of utilitarian instruments. Many are implemented without considering cultural differences, including varying patterns of conduct in diverse communities. Equality also matters. Since poverty and inequality are not the same, the study of the latter allows us to target groups found in the lowest levels of "the playing field".
Poverty Alleviation Investment and Private Economy in China
by Lin WangThis book explores the mechanisms and significance of China's private economy participating in poverty alleviation. By basing its analysis on theories of development economics and public economics, the book stresses practical significance and abandons unreasonable assumptions. It uses a systematic set of statistical analysis tools and descriptive statistics to provide a multidimensional and highly visual format. Beyond the traditional qualitative comparison of countries, it also introduces quantitative comparison. Considering the increasing concern and curiosity about China's booming economy and rising private sector, the book is highly topical, offering readers theoretical insights into China's poverty alleviation mechanisms and essential information on the role played by the private economy in social and economic development.
Poverty Alleviation in China
by Kun YanThis study systematically investigates the development process, major characteristics and weak links of China's poverty alleviation experience and conducts a comparative analysis of poverty alleviation cases. It also accurately presents the internal logic and core elements of China's poverty alleviation theory and taking the Chinese experience of poverty alleviation refines the "Two Threads One Force" theoretical framework to make a basic judgment of the "China model" for poverty alleviation. It also presents the rationale and plans for responding to new challenges to achieve poverty alleviation goals, which will enhance the welfare of the people and promote social progress and national prosperity.
Poverty Amidst Plenty: World Political Economy And Distributive Justice
by Edward WeisbandEdward Weisband's pioneering text is destined to transform the current teaching of world political economy at both the introductory and the advanced level. Outlining the moral principles and ethical concepts fundamental to grasping the human significance of poverty, he clearly reveals what is often hinted at but rarely stated–that the political dimensions of poverty and distributive justice constitute the organizing framework of the study of world political economy. Against a backdrop of readings, Professor Weisband's insightful, interpretative essays generate an interdisciplinary discussion, a synthesis of theoretical perspectives and value orientations, providing students with a critical comprehension of the complex workings of the world economy. The essays link basic approaches to world politics and international relations, international law and organization, international sociology, development studies, and moral philosophy to give texture to such basic theories as modes of production, dependency, world systems, unequal exchange, the labor theory of value, free-trade liberalism, neomercantilism, Marxism, and neo-Marxism. Alternative value orientations are also explored, including realist and neo-realist, conservative and liberal, egalitarian and cosmopolitan, radical and materialist. Poverty Amidst Plenty combines theory and analysis with historical and normative perspectives to offer students a relevant, prescriptive, and most of all, human picture of the far-reaching system that governs much of our lives.
Poverty And Social Welfare In The United States
by Donald Tomaskovic-deveyThis book was born of the author’s surprise and excitement at the sheer volume of academic work on poverty and social welfare being reported at sociological conferences around the United States in 1985 and 1986. Teachers may wish to use this book in advanced undergraduate and graduate level courses to introduce students to current debates about po
Poverty Archaeology: Architecture, Material Culture and the Workhouse under the New Poor Law
by Katherine Fennelly Charlotte NewmanThe Poor Laws in the United Kingdom left a built and material legacy of over two centuries of legislative provision for the poor and infirm. Workhouses represent the first centralized, state-organized system for welfare, though they maintain a notorious historical reputation. Workhouses were intended to be specialized institutions, with dedicated subdivisions for the management of different categories of inmate. Examining the workhouse provision from an archaeological perspective, the authors demonstrate the heterogeneity of the Poor Law system from a built heritage perspective. This volume forms a social archaeology of the lived experience of poverty and health in the nineteenth century.
Poverty Capital: Microfinance And The Making Of Development
by Ananya RoyWinner of the 2011 Paul Davidoff award! This is a book about poverty but it does not study the poor and the powerless; instead it studies those who manage poverty. It sheds light on how powerful institutions control "capital," or circuits of profit and investment, as well as "truth," or authoritative knowledge about poverty. Such dominant practices are challenged by alternative paradigms of development, and the book details these as well. Using the case of microfinance, the book participates in a set of fierce debates about development - from the role of markets to the secrets of successful pro-poor institutions. Based on many years of research in Washington D. C. , Bangladesh, and the Middle East, Poverty Capitalalso grows out of the author's undergraduate teaching to thousands of students on the subject of global poverty and inequality.
Poverty In The United States
by Andrew W. DobelsteinThis book attributes American poverty to consequences 19th Century social welfare policies within an economy stretching to meet its 21st Century economic potential, arguing that American poverty persists as economic and political structures have moved into the world of fiscal planning but social welfare remains in its Depression-era structure.
Poverty Knowledge in South Africa
by Grace DaviePoverty is South Africa's greatest challenge. But what is "poverty"? And how can it be measured and addressed? In South Africa, human-science knowledge about the cost of living grew out of colonialism, industrialization, apartheid, and civil resistance campaigns, which makes this knowledge far from neutral or apolitical. South Africans have used the Poverty Datum Line (PDL), and other poverty indicators, to petition the state, to chip away at the pillars of white supremacy, and, more recently, to criticize the postapartheid government's failures to deliver on its promises. Rather than advocating one particular policy solution, this book argues that poverty knowledge - including knowledge of the tension between quantitative and qualitative observations - teaches us about the dynamics of historical change, the power of racial thinking in white settler societies, and the role of ordinary people in shaping state policy. Readers will gain new perspectives on today's debates about social welfare, redistribution, and human rights and will ultimately find reasons to rethink conventional approaches to advocacy.
Poverty Law and Legal Activism: Lives that Slide Out of View
by Adam GeareyLinking critical legal thinking to constitutional scholarship and a practical tradition of US lawyering that is orientated around anti-poverty activism, this book offers an original, revisionist account of contemporary jurisprudence, legal theory and legal activism. The book argues that we need to think in terms of a much broader inheritance for critical legal thinking that derives from the social ethics of the progressive era, new left understandings of "creative democracy" and radical theology. To this end, it puts jurisprudence and legal theory in touch with recent scholarship on the American left and, indeed, with attempts to recover the legacies of progressive era thinking, the civil rights struggle and the Great Society. Focusing on the theory and practice of poverty law in the period stretching from the mid-1960s to the present day, the book argues that at the heart of both critical and liberal thinking is an understanding of the lawyer as an ethical actor: inspired by faith or politics to appreciate the potential and limits of law in the struggle against economic inequality.
Poverty Mosaics: Realities and Prospects in Small-Scale Fisheries
by Svein Jentoft Arne EideSmall-scale fisheries are a major source of food and employment around the world. Yet, many small-scale fishers work in conditions that are neither safe nor secure. Millions of them are poor, and often they are socially and politically marginalized. Macro-economic and institutional mechanisms are essential to address these poverty and vulnerability problems; however, interventions at the local community level are also necessary. This requires deep understanding of what poverty means to the fishers, their families and communities; how they cope with it; and the challenges they face to increase resiliency and improve their lives for the better. This book provides a global perspective, situating small-scale fisheries within the broad academic discourse on poverty, fisheries management and development. In-depth case studies from fifteen countries in Latin America, Europe, South and Southeast Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa, demonstrate the enormously complex ecological, economic, social, cultural and political contexts of this sector. Conclusions for policy-making, formulated as a joint statement by the authors, argue that fisheries development, poverty alleviation, and resource management must be integrated within a comprehensive governance approach that also looks beyond fisheries. The scientific editors, Svein Jentoft and Arne Eide, are both with the Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, University of Tromsø, Norway.
Poverty Orientated Agricultural and Rural Development (Routledge Studies in Development and Society)
by Hartmut Brandt Uwe OtzenOver the last twenty years the proportion of development cooperation resources earmarked for agricultural development has dwindled to between six and seven per cent of total bi- and multilateral Official Development Assistance. This is despite the fact that eighty per cent of the world's poor live in rural agricultural areas and that the poor are disproportionately affected when political, military and natural events lead to regional or global food shortages. Brandt and Otzen's key book fills a gap in current literature, undertaking a wide-ranging conceptual reorientation of development cooperation, criticizing the current orthodoxy and its bias towards urban areas, and arguing that in order to effectively alleviate poverty across the world, agricultural and rural development measures need to be implemented both by central and subnational governments, aid agencies and the private sector. The authors investigate the world food question, the current pressures it is under and its link to rural poverty, and set out the policies that need to be undertaken to reduce global poverty.
Poverty Point Legends & Lore (American Legends)
by Jon L. GibsonArchaeologists have been investigating the ruins of Poverty Point for decades, piecing together a fascinating picture of a 3,500-year-old hunter-gatherer way of life. But Poverty Point is more than an archaeological treasure-trove. It's also an eerie locus for southeastern native lore. Cold breezes on warm nights stir up spirit foxes and singing locusts. Otherworldly messages find their conduit in the drumming of trees and hooting of owls. Archaeologist and author Jon Gibson unearths the strange narratives that are as much a part of Poverty Point as the artifacts and earthworks themselves.