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Social Pedagogy and Social Work
by Ali Gardner Lowis CharfeAre you looking to understand more about social pedagogy? Wanting to see how you can incorporate these approaches into your practice? Ali Gardner and Lowis Charfe introduce you to this exciting new approach to UK social work practice that has been shaping care services in Europe for decades. It is a holistic approach that requires an absolute commitment to employing your head, heart, and hand in creatively working alongside individuals to support the process of change at an individual, communal, and societal level. The authors outline the key concepts, philosophy, and history of social pedagogy to ground you in the theory Exercises help you to reflect on how to incorporate this new philosophy into your work Practical examples demonstrate how you can apply key principles to your own practice After reading this book you will be able to confidently engage with social work that emphasises people rather than processes at the heart of intervention.
Social Perspectives on Ancient Lives from Paleothnobotanical Data
by Matthew P. Sayre Maria C. BrunoThis volume contributes to the emerging topic of social paleoethnobotany with a series of papers exploring dynamic aspects of past social life, particularly the day-to-day practices and politics of procuring, preparing, and consuming plants. The contributors to this volume illustrate how one can bridge differences between the natural and social sciences through the more socially-focused interpretations of botanical datasets. The chapters in this volume draw on a diversity of plant-derived datasets, macrobotanical, microbotanical, and molecular, which contribute to general paleoethnobotanical practice today. They also carefully consider the contexts in which the plant remains were recovered. These studies illustrate that the richest interpretations come from projects that are able to consider the widest range of data types, particularly as they aim to move beyond simple descriptions of food items and environmental settings. The authors in this volume address several themes including: the collection of wild resources, the domestication of crops and spread of agriculture, the role of plant remains in questions regarding domestic life, ritual, and gender as well as the broader implications of a socially-engaged paleoethnobotany. These studies point a path forward for the constantly evolving field of paleoethnobotany, one that is methodologically rigorous and theoretically engaged. Together, these papers shed light on ways in which the specialized analysis of plant remains can contribute to theory building and advancing archaeological understanding of past lifeways.
Social Perspectives on the Sanitation Challenge
by Gert Spaargaren Peter Oosterveer Bas Van VlietThis collection presents a timely collection of social scientific papers dealing with innovative sanitation issues and concepts, perceptions and decision-making support. It comprises a valuable resource for political scientists, environmental engineers and urban planners involved in the study, design and implementation of sanitation projects worldwide and whose work relates to meeting the ambitious Millennium Development Goal of halving, by 2015, the number of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation. In developed countries the sanitation challenge is to initiate a transition from strongly centralized, water-based infrastructure regimes towards more sustainable, source-separation oriented, sanitation regimes. This calls for social scientific research and demonstration on different levels and scales, including concept development, institutional learning and governance building. In the developing world the sanitation challenge is to provide sanitation services to the poor and the very poor, without compromising on sustainability. New configurations employing the best practices of sanitation technology and management for rural and urban contexts are needed. The sanitation challenge in both worlds is to go beyond traditional dichotomies between 'small, appropriate' and 'modern/advanced' technologies and to develop rural and urban sanitation with a mix of scales, strategies, technologies, payment systems and decision-making structures, that better fit the physical and human systems for which they are designed. This volume is unique in its presentation of social scientific research findings from urban planners, sociologists, economists, political scientists and environmental engineers who are involved in international sanitation research and implementation. Theoretically the volume include insights from Science and Technology Studies, Environmental Sociology and Urban Studies. Its empirical scope stretches from sanitation projects in Western Europe to Sub-Saharan Africa.
Social Phenomena
by Bruno Gonçalves Nicola PerraThis book focuses on the new possibilities and approaches to social modeling currently being made possible by an unprecedented variety of datasets generated by our interactions with modern technologies. This area has witnessed a veritable explosion of activity over the last few years, yielding many interesting and useful results. Our aim is to provide an overview of the state of the art in this area of research, merging an extremely heterogeneous array of datasets and models. Social Phenomena: From Data Analysis to Models is divided into two parts. Part I deals with modeling social behavior under normal conditions: How we live, travel, collaborate and interact with each other in our daily lives. Part II deals with societal behavior under exceptional conditions: Protests, armed insurgencies, terrorist attacks, and reactions to infectious diseases. This book offers an overview of one of the most fertile emerging fields bringing together practitioners from scientific communities as diverse as social sciences, physics and computer science. We hope to not only provide an unifying framework to understand and characterize social phenomena, but also to help foster the dialogue between researchers working on similar problems from different fields and perspectives.
Social Philosophy of Science for the Social Sciences (Theory and History in the Human and Social Sciences)
by Jaan ValsinerThis is an international and interdisciplinary volume that provides a new look at the general background of the social sciences from a philosophical perspective and provides directions for methodology. It seeks to overcome the limitations of the traditional treatises of a philosophy of science rooted in the physical sciences, as well as extend the coverage of basic science to intentional and socially normative features of the social sciences. The discussions included in this book are divided into four thematic sections: Social and cognitive roots for reflexivity upon the research process Philosophies of explanation in the social sciences Social normativity in social sciences Social processes in particular sciences Social Philosophy of Science for the Social Sciences will find an interested audience in students of the philosophy of science and social sciences. It is also relevant for researchers and students in the fields of psychology, sociology, economics, anthropology, education, and political science.
Social Physics
by Alex PentlandFrom one of the world’s leading data scientists, a landmark tour ofthe new science of idea flow, offering revolutionary insights into the mysteries of collective intelligence and social influence If the Big Data revolution has a presiding genius, it is MIT’s Alex "Sandy” Pentland. Over years of groundbreaking experiments, he has distilled remarkable discoveries significant enough to become the bedrock of a whole new scientific field: social physics. Humans have more in common with bees than we like to admit: We’re social creatures first and foremost. Our most important habits of action-and most basic notions of common sense-are wired into us through our coordination in social groups. Social physics is about idea flow, the way human social networks spread ideas and transform those ideas into behaviors. Thanks to the millions of digital bread crumbs people leave behind via smartphones, GPS devices, and the Internet, the amount of new information we have about human activity is truly profound. Until now, sociologists have depended on limited data sets and surveys that tell us how people say they think and behave, rather than what they actually do. As a result, we’ve been stuck with the same stale social structures-classes, markets-and a focus on individual actors, data snapshots, and steady states. Pentland shows that, in fact, humans respond much more powerfully to social incentives that involve rewarding others and strengthening the ties that bind than incentives that involve only their own economic self-interest. Pentland and his teams have found that they can study patterns of information exchange in a social network without any knowledge of the actual content of the information and predict with stunning accuracy how productive and effective that network is, whether it’s a business or an entire city. We can maximize a group’s collective intelligence to improve performance and use social incentives to create new organizations and guide them through disruptive change in a way that maximizes the good. At every level of interaction, from small groups to large cities, social networks can be tuned to increase exploration and engagement, thus vastly improving idea flow. Social Physics will change the way we think about how we learn and how our social groups work-and can be made to work better, at every level of society. Pentland leads readers to the edge of the most important revolution in the study of social behavior in a generation, an entirely new way to look at life itself. .
Social Policies and Populatio Cb: 1961, new ed.
by Brian Abel-Smith Richard M. TitmussFirst Published in 1968. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Social Policies and Public Action
by Lavinia BifulcoThe concept of public action is a magnifying lens for shedding light on the plurality of institutional and social actors interacting in policies. Taking into account a changing social world that is redefining the State and its instruments, it is well suited for picking out transformations that have been affecting European social policies for some twenty years or so now: the territorial reorganization of powers; the spread of a public-private mix in the provision of services; the rise of new forms of collaborative governance; the institutionalization of the European agenda on social investment. This book examines social policies as normative and cognitive devices that contribute to organizing social life and are themselves moulded and redefined by it. The perspective of public action is located where it is possible to observe how these devices come into action, the powers and interests they help mobilize and the dynamics they generate. Policies thus appear as a tangle of rather diverse processes in which the erosion of the ‘social’ coexists with the emergence of innovative forms of social organization. Public action is the key tool that helps to deal with this tangle by posing the following questions. What vocabularies, significances and practices are set in motion by the ‘social’ today? What are the resources that fuel it? What powers are deployed in it?
Social Policy
by Hugh Bochel Guy DalyThis thoroughly updated new edition provides a comprehensive introduction to contemporary social policy, and addresses its historical, theoretical and contextual foundations. Divided into four sections, it opens with a survey of the socio-economic, political and governmental contexts within which social policy operates, before moving on to look at the historical development of the subject. The third section examines contemporary aspects of providing welfare, whilst the final part covers European and wider international developments. The text explores the major topics and areas in contemporary social policy, including: work and welfare education adult health and social care children and families crime and criminal justice health housing race disability Issues are addressed throughout in a lively and accessible style, and examples are richly illustrated to encourage the student to engage with theory and content, and to help highlight the relevance of social policy in our understanding of modern society. It is packed with features including, ‘Spotlight’ ‘Discussion and review’ and ‘Controversy and debate’ boxes, as well as further readings and recommended websites. A comprehensive glossary also provides explanations of key terms and abbreviations. Social Policy is an essential textbook for undergraduate students taking courses in social policy and related courses such as criminology, health studies, politics, sociology, nursing, youth and social work.
Social Policy
by Hartley DeanHow do human societies provide for the wellbeing of their members? How far can we organise the ways in which we care for and about each other? And who should take responsibility for providing the support we all need? These are some of the fundamental questions addressed by social policy today. In this short introduction, suitable for students at any level, Hartley Dean explains the extraordinary scope and importance of social policy. He explores its foundations and contemporary significance; the principal issues it addresses and their diverse economic, political and sociological dimensions, and concludes by looking at the fundamental challenges facing social policy in an ever changing world. Introducing social policy as a broadly conceived study of human wellbeing, this fully revised and updated edition examines the ways in which governments and peoples throughout the world attend to, promote, neglect or even undermine the things that make life worth living. These include essential services, such as healthcare and education; the means of livelihood, such as jobs and money; and vital but sometimes intangible things, such as physical and emotional security. Some of these are organised by governments and official bodies. Others are provided by businesses, social groups, community organizations, neighbours and families. Trying to understand all these elements, which together constitute human wellbeing, is the stuff of social policy.
Social Policy 1830-1914: Individualism, Collectivism and the Origins of the Welfare State (Routledge Library Editions: The History of Social Welfare #1)
by Eric J EvansFirst published in 1978, this book gathers an extensive range of documents which illuminate the complex and important process by which the State in Britain has taken on increased responsibility for the health and welfare of its citizens. It uses extracts from a variety of sources, including reports, debates, speeches, articles and reviews, and commentary from leading figures of the period, such as Disraeli, Dickens, Edwin Chadwick and Churchill. The book begins with a discussion of the notion of an ‘age of laissez-faire’ in the mid-nineteenth century, and an examination of the extent to which the Liberal government embarked on a conscious policy of ‘welfarism’ between 1906 and 1914. The extracts themselves cover the entire field of social policy, including factory legislation, public health, housing, education, poverty, pensions and unemployment. This book will be of interest to those studying the history of social welfare and social policy.
Social Policy From The Grassroots: Nongovernmental Organizations In Chile
by Charles Downs Giorgio Solimano Carlos Vergara Luis ZunigaThe United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) has traditionally maintained very fruitful relationships with non-governmental organizations. The editors want to emphasize here is the significant role that these institutions play in designing and implementing programs to promote the development of children and women. This ·book is an analysis of non-go
Social Policy In A Non-democratic Regime: The Case Of Public Housing In Brazil
by Gil ShidloThis book had its origins in my doctoral research at the London School of Economics. It developed more rapidly than expected thanks to the good will and collective efforts of various people and institutions who provided help and support-material, intellectual and moralthroughout four years at the LSE and two years at Tel Aviv University. I am most grateful to George Philip and Patrick Dunleavy, who have patiently read the many drafts and offered their comments and suggestions at various stages of this work. I would also like to thank Peter Dawson, who during my early days at the LSE as a research and MSc student, supervised, advised and above all encouraged my intentions to carry out research on developing countries. Henrique Rattner of the Fundacao Getulio Vargas provided me not only with technical support but also introduced me to the complex Brazilian bureaucracy. Gabriel Bolaffi, of the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism at the University of Sao Paulo, made it possible for me to gain access to the otherwise restricted public housing agencies. I also extend my gratitude to the officials at COHAB/SP, CODESPAULO, INOCOOP and the BNH (in Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo) who spared precious time to be interviewed and supplied me with published and unpublished documents. The IPT (Sao Paulo Institute of Technological Research) provided the primary material on ltaquera and enabled me to use their computing facilities and process the data. Special thanks are due to Ros Mari Kaupatez. The friends we made in Sao Paulo, whose welcome and warmth surpassed all expectations, made a long stay more bearable. This project could not have been carried out without the moral and financial support of both my grandfather and my parents, who took a deep interest in my studies and encouraged me during difficult periods. A debt of thanks is also owed to the Publication Committee of the London School of Economics, especially P. C. Davis. Anthony Hall's comments were very valuable. Thanks are due to the Faculty of Social Sciences and the Department of Political Science at Tel Aviv University for financial help in preparing this work for publication. Finally, this study is dedicated to my wife, Sarah, who interrupted her studies to accompany me to Brazil and helped me in ways I cannot adequately acknowledge.
Social Policy Reform in Hong Kong and Shanghai: A Tale of Two Cities (Hong Kong Becoming China Ser.)
by Linda Wong Lynn T. White, III Gui ShixunAs the richest cities in the world's most populous nation, Hong Kong and Shanghai have recently experienced dynamic growth spurred by more and better-managed capital. These cities also have social problems whose solutions will cost money. Their urban populations are aging. Health finance at the level these "First World" cities demand threatens to consume a large portion of the municipal budgets. Eldercare and social security are now less well covered by traditional Chinese families. Education has become more complex and public tuition, where it occurs, brings with it official plans for schools. Immigrants have flocked to Shanghai from inland China, and Hong Kong's border has become a protector of the former colony's high productivity jobs. Housing problems also have deeply affected both cities, albeit in somewhat different ways. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the similarities and differences between social policies in the two cities. Each chapter covers a different issue: health finance, housing, education, labor, poverty and social security, eldercare, and migration and competitiveness. The contributors explore pertinent developments in each city and analyze the similarities and differences between the two cities' approaches to social policies. They focus on policy reform and the interface between social policy and its environment. One main theme throughout the book is the extent to which spending for capital accumulation is in conflict with spending for social policies.
Social Policy Towards 2000: Squaring the Welfare Circle
by Vic George Prof Vic George Stewart MillerGovernments in all advanced industrial societies are involved in an endless struggle of how to 'square the welfare circle', as demand for public services rises due to demographic, social and labour market foctors. Government ability to finance this rising tide of public service demand is constrained by economic and, at times, ideological factors but failure to make welfare provision has adverse electoral consequeces. This is not an issue which is likely to go away. Social Policy Towards 2000 examines the issues and factors affecting the welfare state and by comparing the proposals of the three main UK political parties for the welfare system for the remaining part of the decade, offers a prospective analysis of the future of welfare.
Social Policy and Administration Revisited: Studies in the Development of Social Services at the Local Level (National Institute Social Services Library)
by David Donnison Michael Meacher Valerie Chapman Angela Sears Kenneth UrwinOriginally published in 1965, this standard work sets out to explore the questions: What is ‘social administration’, and how can people prepare themselves for this work? It shows the social services in continuous evolution in response to political, economic and social change, and it ends with a deeply thoughtful and thought-provoking analysis of the processes and causes of this evolution, and of the different contributions to change made by the various parties concerned. This analysis is based on the case studies presented in the book’s central chapters. Of this new version of the book, first published in 1975, Professor Donnison wrote: ‘The first three chapters of the original book have been scrapped and a new introduction to the whole subject takes their place – an introduction not only to the literature about social policy and administration but to the "point" and purpose of the subject (for students who, rightly, expect to be convinced about this before devoting their time to it). Then follow eight case studies of innovations in the work and policies of local units of the social services – including housing, education, a home help service, planning and legal aid, besides social work services. These are the original studies untouched. I have returned to each agency and found out what has happened since our original studies, adding a postscript to each, outlining the main developments since the original research, ten to twenty years ago. I don’t think anyone has ever done that before. In most cases the innovating trends we identified have gone further, often becoming national orthodoxy by now. The one (on legal aid) where unexpected developments have occurred is at least as interesting.’ Professor Donnison has added a ninth case study – of the Department of Social Administration at the London School of Economics where he was working when the original studies were made (Professor Richard Titmuss was head of the department at that time). This study traces the development of education for social workers at a seminal stage and the difficult problems which had to be resolved when major new departures occurred in this field. The chapter will be of lasting interest to historians of social work and social work education in Britain, besides throwing light on the process of innovation in social policy.
Social Policy and Aging: A Critical Perspective
by Carroll L. EstesThis groundbreaking book provides comprehensive treatment of the political economy of aging by a scholar widely credited as the founder and key thinker of this field in the US and internationally. The body of work presented in this volume, in developing this critical perspective, aims to contribute to the understanding of old age and aging in the context of problems and issues of the larger social order in the world's most advanced capitalist nation, the U.S.A.. Since Estes' first writing on the political economy of aging in 1979, there has been growing recognition and incorporation of her critical perspective as one of the major paradigms in the field of aging.
Social Policy and Migration in China (Routledge Contemporary China Series)
by Lida FanThis book explores the interactions between social policy and migration in China. Using a theoretical framework of institutional economics, Lida Fan’s discussion examines migration regulations, household registration, social welfare and insurance, employment, education, housing, medical care and industrial strategies with a view to answering the following questions: What was/is the role of social policy in migration before and after the reform period? What are the impacts of migration on the regional redistribution of human capital as a major source of regional development? What are the determinants of interprovincial migration? How can we better understand migration related policies using a social justice perspective? What migration policy options are available to achieve desired social consequences such as mitigating inequality and improving the well-being of the most disadvantaged peoples? In posing and answering these questions the book traces the vicissitude of the formation of the household registration system (hukou) and other policies accompanying the hukou system since the beginning of the People’s Republic of China. The author concludes with proposals for institutional change in China’s migration policy, advocating the desirability of social justice perspectives and its feasibility in the current socio-economic structure.
Social Policy and Planning for the 21st Century: In Search of the Next Great Social Transformation (Routledge Advances in Sociology)
by Donald G. ReidThe greatest problems facing humanity today are climate change, poverty, and the increasing separation between the rich and poor. The aim of this book is to examine the social constructions that have led to these breakdowns, and provide potential solutions that are based on a fundamental change in the structure of society and the values on which a new and better social system can be built. Unless we as a society set a drastically different course soon, human life as we know it will suffer greatly, perhaps even cease altogether. Excess consumption is becoming anti-social as the effects of global warming and increasing poverty become apparent. What, then, will form the new social values on which society replaces the present emphasis on work and material consumption that now prevail? This book’s answer to that question is accomplishment and aesthetic consumption. This proposed refocused existence will necessitate a new economic order that provides access to a livelihood beyond the market system. This groundbreaking book will appeal to students and scholars of sociology, leisure studies, political science, and social work.
Social Policy and Poverty in East Asia: The Role of Social Security (Routledge Research On Public and Social Policy in Asia)
by James Midgley Kwong Leung TangThis book looks at the role of social policy and particularly social security in addressing the ongoing challenge of poverty in East Asia despite the region’s spectacular experience of economic growth in decent decades. The East Asian miracle resulted over the last four decades in a transformation of the region’s traditional agrarian economies and significant increases in standards of living for many ordinary people. Even though it was given little attention, poverty has remained an ongoing problem. The problem became particularly evident however with the Asian financial crisis of 1997 when many low income and middle class workers became unemployed. As a result of this crisis, the need for effective social policies and social security programs were recognized. The idea that economic growth would solve the problem of poverty was increasingly challenged. Even in China today, where rapid growth has created new employment opportunities and the promise of prosperity for many, the government has recognized that the problem of poverty cannot be addressed only through economic growth but that comprehensive social policies must be formulated, and this includes the development of an effective security system.
Social Policy and Privatisation (Longman Social Policy In Britain Series)
by Mark DrakefordPrivatisation and Social Policy follows this format while addressing one of the key issues of recent years, namely the covert but undeniable impact of growing privatisation on the development and implementation of social policy. As the text demonstrates, there is no area of policy which privatisation has not affected, resulting in the gradual transfer of responsibility from the public to the private sphere in areas such as education, housing, health, social security and social services.
Social Policy and Social Change: Toward the Creation of Social and Economic Justice (Second Edition)
by Jillian A. Jimenez Eileen Mayers Pasztor Ruth M. Chambers Cheryl Pearlman FujiiThe Second Edition of Social Policy and Social Change is a timely examination of the field, unique in its inclusion of both a historical analysis of problems and policy and an exploration of how capitalism and the market economy have contributed to them. The New Edition of this seminal text examines issues of discrimination, health care, housing, income, and child welfare and considers the policies that strive to improve them. With a focus on how domestic social policies can be transformed to promote social justice for all groups, Jimenez et al. consider the impact of globalization in the United States while addressing developing concerns now emerging in the global village.
Social Policy and Social Work: An Introduction
by Jo Cunningham Dr Steve CunninghamAn understanding of social policy is crucial for social workers as it underpins and shapes the legislative framework that they work within. From safeguarding service users and enabling them to improve their lives, to protecting the most vulnerable in society, social policy also has a vital role to play within social work education. It is important therefore for students to engage critically with social policy. This book introduces policy and shows how it has changed and evolved over time, how it reflects changes in society, and how it is applied to everyday practice.
Social Policy and the City: Papers from the 1993 Conference of the Social Policy Association (Routledge Revivals)
by Helen Jones John LansleyFirst published in 1995, this volume explores the effects of social policy on cities during Conservative Party rule over the 1980s and 1990s. It identifies the place where the effects of social policies are most strikingly felt due to the concentration of populations in cities. Delving into issues including business elites, market forces, regenerating cities and poverty, this volume’s contributors make clear that there can be no ‘quick fix’ for Britain’s complex urban problems.
Social Policy and the Young Delinquent (Routledge Revivals)
by Peter BossOriginally published in 1967, Social Policy and the Young Delinquent is an account of a process: of the way in which the treatment of the child delinquent has developed from the days when a boy of nine could be sentenced to be hanged for stealing two penny worth of paint (though the sentence, imposed in 1833, was not actually carried out) to the controversies of the time concerning the desirability of replacing the legalistic and penal framework of the services for young offenders by a service more appropriate to their educational and social needs.Peter Boss deals with the development of policy relating to the young offender with sympathy and clarity. While his own views were progressive, he is at pains to point out the administrative advantages and disadvantages of each of the current proposals, and to leave the reader free to make up their own mind on issues which have no simple and easy solution. Profound changes had taken place in our attitude to delinquent children over the previous hundred years, and, as Boss makes clear, the importance and even the direction of change was not always clearly discernible at the time. Whatever the outcome of the controversy in 1967, this account of a developing process would have been of value in enabling us to stand back and take the long view of the most intractable and important problems of modern urban society.