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Gendered Paradoxes: Women's Movements, State Restructuring, and Global Development in Ecuador
by Amy LindSince the early 1980s Ecuador has experienced a series of events unparalleled in its history. Its “free market” strategies exacerbated the debt crisis, and in response new forms of social movement organizing arose among the country’s poor, including women’s groups. Gendered Paradoxes focuses on women’s participation in the political and economic restructuring process of the past twenty-five years, showing how in their daily struggle for survival Ecuadorian women have both reinforced and embraced the neoliberal model yet also challenged its exclusionary nature. Drawing on her extensive ethnographic fieldwork and employing an approach combining political economy and cultural politics, Amy Lind charts the growth of several strands of women’s activism and identifies how they have helped redefine, often in contradictory ways, the real and imagined boundaries of neoliberal development discourse and practice. In her analysis of this ambivalent and “unfinished” cultural project of modernity in the Andes, she examines state policies and their effects on women of various social sectors; women’s community development initiatives and responses to the debt crisis; and the roles played by feminist “issue networks” in reshaping national and international policy agendas in Ecuador and in developing a transnationally influenced, locally based feminist movement.
Gendered Paradoxes: Women's Movements, State Restructuring, and Global Development in Ecuador (G - Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects)
by Amy LindSince the early 1980s Ecuador has experienced a series of events unparalleled in its history. Its “free market” strategies exacerbated the debt crisis, and in response new forms of social movement organizing arose among the country’s poor, including women’s groups. Gendered Paradoxes focuses on women’s participation in the political and economic restructuring process of the past twenty-five years, showing how in their daily struggle for survival Ecuadorian women have both reinforced and embraced the neoliberal model yet also challenged its exclusionary nature. Drawing on her extensive ethnographic fieldwork and employing an approach combining political economy and cultural politics, Amy Lind charts the growth of several strands of women’s activism and identifies how they have helped redefine, often in contradictory ways, the real and imagined boundaries of neoliberal development discourse and practice. In her analysis of this ambivalent and “unfinished” cultural project of modernity in the Andes, she examines state policies and their effects on women of various social sectors; women’s community development initiatives and responses to the debt crisis; and the roles played by feminist “issue networks” in reshaping national and international policy agendas in Ecuador and in developing a transnationally influenced, locally based feminist movement.
Gendered Peace: Women's Struggles for Post-War Justice and Reconciliation (Routledge/UNRISD Research in Gender and Development)
by Donna PankhurstThis volume contributes to the growing literature on women, conflict and peacebuilding by focusing on the moments after a peace accord, or some other official ending of a conflict, often denoted as ‘post-conflict’ or ‘post-war’. Such moments often herald great hope for holding to account those who committed grave wrongs during the conflict, and for a better life in the future. For many women, both of these hopes are often very quickly shattered in starkly different ways to the hopes of men. Such periods are often characterized by violence and insecurities, and the official ending of a war often fails to bring freedom from sexual violence for many women. Within such a context, efforts on the part of women, and those made on their behalf, to hold to account those who commit crimes against them, and to access their rights are difficult to make, are often dangerous, and are also often deployed with little effect. Gendered Peace explores international contexts, and a variety of local ones, in which such struggles take place, and evaluates their progress. The volume highlights the surprising success in the development of international legal advances for women, but contrasts this with the actual experience of women in cases from Sierra Leone, Rwanda, South Africa, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, East Timor, Peru, Central America and the Balkans.'
Gendered Politics and Law in Jordan
by Afaf JabiriThis book analyzes how the state constructs and reproduces gender identities in the context and geopolitics of Jordan. It addresses the relevance of the state and its web of relations in understanding the politics of gender in the Middle East, rather than a cultural or religious explanation for women's subjugation. Guardianship over women is examined as not only the basis of women's legal and social subordination, but also a key factor in the construction and reproduction of a gender hierarchy system. The author probes how a masculine state gives power and legitimacy through guardianship to institutions-including family, religion, and tribe-in managing, producing, and constructing gender identity. Does the masculine institution succeed in imposing a dominant form of femininity? Or are there ways by which women escape and resist the social and legal construction of femininity? Based on over 60 case studies of contemporary women in Jordan, the book additionally examines how the resultant strategies and tactics developed by women in Jordan are influenced by and affect their status within the guardianship system.
Gendered Politics in the Modern South: The Susan Smith Case and the Rise of a New Sexism (Making the Modern South)
by Keira V. WilliamsIn the fall of 1994 Susan Smith, a young mother from Union, South Carolina, reported that an African American male carjacker had kidnapped her two children. The news sparked a multi-state investigation and evoked nationwide sympathy. Nine days later, she confessed to drowning the boys in a nearby lake, and that sympathy quickly turned to outrage. Smith became the topic of thousands of articles, news segments, and media broadcasts -- overshadowing the coverage of midterm elections and the O. J. Simpson trial. The notoriety of her case was more than tabloid fare, however; her story tapped into a cultural debate about gender and politics at a crucial moment in American history.In Gendered Politics in the Modern South Keira V. Williams uses the Susan Smith case to analyze the "new sexism" found in the agenda of the budding neoconservatism movement of the 1990s. She notes that in the weeks after Smith's confession, soon-to-be Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich made statements linking Smith's behavior to the 1960s counterculture movement and to Lyndon Johnson's "Great Society" social welfare programs. At the same time, various magazines declared the "death of feminism" and a "crisis in masculinity" as the assault on liberal social causes gained momentum. In response to this perceived crisis, Williams argues, a distinct code of gender discrimination developed that sought to reassert a traditional form of white male power. In addition to consulting a wide variety of sources, including letters from Smith written since her incarceration, Williams contextualizes the infamous case within the history of gender politics over the last quarter of the twentieth century. She reveals how the rhetoric, imagery, and legal treatment of infanticidal mothers changed and asserts that the latest shift reflects the evolution of a neoconservative politics.
Gendered Power Dynamics and Exotic Dance: A Multilevel Analysis (Interdisciplinary Studies in Sex for Sale)
by Tina H Deshotels Craig J ForsythGendered Power Dynamics and Exotic Dance examines the social phenomenon of exotic dancing. Presenting a compelling multilevel analysis of dancer interactions, organizational practices, and institutional forces, this book challenges our understanding of sexuality and power. Centering the voices and experiences of exotic dancers, this book explores the relationship between exotic dancing and power at the micro-interactional, meso-organizational, and macro-institutional levels, informing a feminist theory of power that seeks out systems of domination in order to challenge and change them. Through direct interviews and observations collected between 1993 and 2021 from 40 different clubs in the United States, Deshotels and Forsyth demystify the seemingly contrary findings about exotic dancing and power. They show how and why individual dancers can be simultaneously empowered and exploited beyond individual traits, interactions, or settings in the nexus of gender and power in exotic dancing. The book will be useful for scholarly readers in the subject areas of sociology, cultural studies, gender/sexualities studies, sex work, and organizations theory. Written in a clear, accessible manner, this book will also appeal to a general audience interested in understanding the complex interactions of gender, power, feminism, and exotic dance.
Gendered Power and Mobile Technology: Intersections in the Global South (Routledge Advances in Feminist Studies and Intersectionality)
by Laura Stark Caroline Wamala LarssonMobile phones are widely viewed as the information and communication technology that holds the most promise for bridging global digital divides. Gendered Power and Mobile Technology uses empirical research to focus on changing intersections between technology, gender and other categories of social and cultural power difference (such as age, race, class, and ethnicity) in the use of mobile communication technologies. Asking how these intersections can inform development discourse, practice, and research, this volume seeks to rectify the lack of attention to the Global South, calling for more sensitivity to the contexts and consequences of mobile phone use. Indeed, drawing on case studies from Ecuador, Ghana, Kenya, Mexico, Peru, Tanzania, and Uganda, this book engages with the intersectionality paradigm to tease out the complexities of using mobile technologies for development purposes. Gendered Power and Mobile Technology will appeal to students and researchers interested in fields such as media studies, development studies, gender and technology, feminist technoscience, anthropology, and sociology.
Gendered Subjects: The Dynamics of Feminist Teaching (Routledge Library Editions: Feminist Theory)
by Margo Culley Catherine PortugesThe phrase ‘feminist pedagogy’ couples the contemporary and the traditional, joining current political movements with a concern for the transmission of knowledge more ancient than the Greek word for teaching. Now, two decades after the first Women’s Studies courses appeared on campuses, their place in higher education happily needs little demonstration. Gendered Subjects combines a number of classic statements on feminist pedagogy from the 1970s with recent original essays making significant and original contributions to the field. As the new scholarship on women has changed the content and structure of knowledge in every field, so this collection aims to mirror this impact on feminist pedagogy, with articles ranging from broad theoretical perspectives on the realities of the classroom to international explorations on how race, gender and class, and political orientation inform feminist enquiry.
Gendered Trajectories
by Wei-Hsin YuGendered Trajectoriesexplores why industrial societies vary in the pace at which they reduce gender inequality and compares changes in women's employment opportunities in Japan and Taiwan over the last half-century. Japan has undergone much less improvement in women's economic status than Taiwan, despite its more advanced economy and greater welfare provisions. The difference is particularly puzzling because the two countries share many institutional practices and values. Drawing on historical trends, survey statistics, and personal interviews with people in both countries, Yu shows how country-specific organizational arrangements and industrial policies affect women's employment. In particular, the conditions faced by Japanese and Taiwanese women in the workplace have a profound effect on their labor force participation at critical points in their lives. Women's lifetime employment decisions in turn shape the divergent trajectories in gender equality. Few studies documenting the development of women's economic lives are based on non-Western societies and even fewer adopt a comparative perspective. This perceptive work demonstrates and underscores the importance of understanding gender inequality as a long-term, dynamic social process.
Gendered Vulnerabilities and Violence in Forced Migration: The Rohingya from Myanmar
by Mohammad Musfequs SalehinThis open access book investigates the gendered violence and vulnerabilities experienced by Rohingya men and women, drawing on qualitative data from refugee camps in Bangladesh. It shows that in Myanmar, men suffered torture and sexual violence, while women experienced physical, mental and sexual violence, legitimized by patriarchal norms. Sexual violence was wielded as a weapon to coerce their exodus from Myanmar and to disrupt the essential facets of Rohingya femininity, motherhood, and reproductive capabilities. Structural, cultural and symbolic violence affected the Rohingya differently across gender lines. A gendered threat narrative and othering cast women as ‘ugly’ and reproductive threats while men are framed as potential threats to national security and Buddhist nationalism. In Bangladesh, gendered othering continued, with Rohingya men seen as security threats and women as vulnerable victims. This book contributes to peace and conflict studies, gender studies, and migration and refugee studies, by analysing gendered violence.
Gendered Wars, Gendered Memories: Feminist Conversations on War, Genocide and Political Violence (The Feminist Imagination - Europe and Beyond)
by Ayşe Gül AltinayThe Introduction of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781315584225 The twentieth century has been a century of wars, genocides and violent political conflict; a century of militarization and massive destruction. It has simultaneously been a century of feminist creativity and struggle worldwide, witnessing fundamental changes in the conceptions and everyday practices of gender and sexuality. What are some of the connections between these two seemingly disparate characteristics of the past century? And how do collective memories figure into these connections? Exploring the ways in which wars and their memories are gendered, this book contributes to the feminist search for new words and new methods in understanding the intricacies of war and memory. From the Italian and Spanish Civil Wars to military regimes in Turkey and Greece, from the Armenian genocide and the Holocaust to the wars in Abhazia, East Asia, Iraq, Afghanistan, former Yugoslavia, Israel and Palestine, the chapters in this book address a rare selection of contexts and geographies from a wide range of disciplinary perspectives. In recent years, feminist scholarship has fundamentally changed the ways in which pasts, particularly violent pasts, have been conceptualized and narrated. Discussing the participation of women in war, sexual violence in times of conflict, the use of visual and dramatic representations in memory research, and the creative challenges to research and writing posed by feminist scholarship, Gendered Wars, Gendered Memories will appeal to scholars working at the intersection of military/war, memory, and gender studies, seeking to chart this emerging territory with ’feminist curiosity’.
Genderfragen und philosophische Bildung: Geschichte - Theorie - Praxis
by Carolin Seyffert Anne-Marie Leiblich Juliane Köhler Sophia Beyer Mario KötterMit diesem Band wird eine Lücke in der philosophischen Fachdidaktik geschlossen. Ein historischer Teil stellt zunächst bei gleichzeitig kritischer Diskussion Autorinnen und Autoren vor, die den Geschlechterdiskurs bestimmt haben. Danach wird ein Überblick über die sexuelle und geschlechtliche Vielfalt, ihre Grundlagen und Ausdifferenzierungen gegeben. In theoretischen Abhandlungen geht es anschließend um die Relevanz der Genderforschung für das Selbstverständnis philosophischer Bildung. Praxisspezifische Beiträge demonstrieren schließlich, wie Themen und Aspekte der Genderproblematik für verschiedene Altersstufen und Schulformen aufbereitet werden können. Mit 2 Unterrichtsplanungen.
Gendering Caste: Through a Feminist Lens (Theorizing Feminism)
by Uma ChakravartiThe continuous demand for Gendering Caste: Through a Feminist Lens (2003) led to this revised edition which analyses the recent socio-economic and political changes that have taken place. Caste-based marriage and control over women′s sexuality have been crucial for the continuation of the caste system in India. Thus, caste and gender are linked. Brutal reprisals have followed when dalits and women have tried to challenge caste-based marriage and inequality which allots strict rules of conduct for women and all dalits. Maithreyi Krishnaraj, the Series Editor, highlights the author’s discussion on the new ways in which caste violence targets women and on the changes within the family—immediate and extended—that still keep women subservient to caste norms. She points to the new discussion on an economy in transition to capitalism, and persistent conflicts over religion, language, ethnicity and other differences that relate to gender. The book also includes a new ‘Afterword: Caste and Gender in the New Millennium’, which provides an updated discussion on the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act 1989 (known in short as Prevention of Atrocities Act: POA). Erudite, yet accessible, this book enables the reader to understand the ramifications of caste today.
Gendering Drugs: Feminist Studies of Pharmaceuticals
by Ericka JohnsonThis book, by bringing together critical pharmaceutical studies and feminist technoscience studies, explores the way drugs produce sexed and/or gendered identities for those who take – or resist – them, and how feminist technoscience studies can contribute a theoretical lens with which to observe sex and gender in the pharmaceuticalization processes. Topics explored in this diverse collection include the use of hormones to delay puberty onset for trans children; HPV vaccination against cervical cancer in Sweden, the UK, Austria and Colombia; Alzheimer’s discourses; and the medication of prostate issues. Ericka Johnson has brought together an innovative and timely collection that demonstrates gender as relevant in studies of pharmaceuticals, and provides multiple examples of methodological and theoretical tools to consider gender while studying drugs.
Gendering Ethnicity: Implications for Democracy Assistance (Issues in Globalization)
by Lori HandrahanDemocracy, anticipated by American and other Western powers to prevent economic chaos and political conflict within and among states, is not evolving as expected. This research argues that part of the failure resides in United States democracy assistance's inadequate consideration of gender within democracy programming.
Gendering Family Policies in Post-Communist Europe
by Steven SaxonbergThrough the use of a historical-institutional perspective and with particular reference to the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia; this study explores the state of family policies in Post-Communist Europe. It analyzes how these policies have developed and examines their impact on gender relations for the countries mentioned.
Gendering Global Transformations: Gender, Culture, Race, and Identity (Routledge Research in Gender and Society)
by Chima J. Korieh Philomina E. Okeke-IhejirikaThe authors collected in Gendering Global Transformations: Gender, Culture, Race, and Identity probe the effects of global and local forces in reshaping notions of gender, race, class, identity, human rights, and community across Africa and its Diaspora. The essays in this unique collection employ diverse interdisciplinary approaches--drawing from subjects such as history, sociology, religion, anthropology, gender studies, feminist studies--in an effort to centralize gender as a category of analysis in developing critical perspectives in a globalizing world. From this approach come a host of exciting insights and subtle analyses that serve to illuminate the effects of issues such as international migration, globalization, and cultural continuities among diaspora communities on the articulation of women’s agency, community organization, and identity formation at the local and the global level. Bringing together the voices of scholars from Africa, Europe and the United States, Gendering Global Transformations: Gender, Culture, Race, and Identity, offers a multi-national and wholly original perspective on the intricacies of life in a globalized era.
Gendering Israel's Outsourcing
by Orly BenjaminThis book presents an institutional ethnography of budgeting processes of commissioning contracts within welfare, education, and health ministries as case studies. With the historical surge in the power position of economic globalization organizations and their impact on public sectors' withdrawal from the role of primary women's employers, a gap between care worker employees and public sector administrators with respect to skill recognition has emerged in Israel. The book examines precisely how this gap is produced, enacted, and turned into a force that shapes the experiences of women in service and caring jobs. Increasingly more researchers are interested in the unexpected consequences of outsourcing; this account enters the Israel studies researchers' debate over the extent to which the neo-liberalization of Israel had restructured its welfare orientation. Exposing the operation of service delivery in the gendering of women's work may thus be intriguing for those participating in this debate. The analysis of the data presented here enables a portrayal of the negotiating and budgeting processes at work, which in turn sheds light on the salience of deskilling and de-professionalization to women's disenfranchisement.
Gendering Israel's Outsourcing: The Erasure of Employees' Caring Skills
by Orly BenjaminThis book presents an institutional ethnography of budgeting processes of commissioning contracts within welfare, education, and health ministries as case studies. With the historical surge in the power position of economic globalization organizations and their impact on public sectors’ withdrawal from the role of primary women’s employers, a gap between care worker employees and public sector administrators with respect to skill recognition has emerged in Israel. The book examines precisely how this gap is produced, enacted, and turned into a force that shapes the experiences of women in service and caring jobs. Increasingly more researchers are interested in the unexpected consequences of outsourcing; this account enters the Israel studies researchers’ debate over the extent to which the neo-liberalization of Israel had restructured its welfare orientation. Exposing the operation of service delivery in the gendering of women’s work may thus be intriguing for those participating in this debate. The analysis of the data presented here enables a portrayal of the negotiating and budgeting processes at work, which in turn sheds light on the salience of deskilling and de-professionalization to women’s disenfranchisement.
Gendering Nationalism: Intersections Of Nation, Gender And Sexuality
by Nicola Montagna Jon Mulholland Erin Sanders-McDonaghThis volume offers an empirically rich, theoretically informed study of the shifting intersections of nation/alism, gender and sexuality. Challenging a scholarly legacy that has overly focused on the masculinist character of nationalism, it pays particular attention to the people and issues less commonly considered in the context of nationalist projects, namely women and sexual minorities. Bringing together both established and emerging researchers from across the globe, this multidisciplinary and comparison-rich volume provides a multi-sited exploration of the shifting contours of belonging and Otherness generated by multifarious nationalisms. The diverse, and context specific positionings of men and women, masculinities and femininities, and hegemonic and non-normative sexualities, vis-à-vis nation/alism, are illuminated through a vibrant array of contemporary theoretical lenses. These include historical and feminist institutionalism, post-colonial theory, critical race approaches, transnational and migration theory and semiotics.
Gendering Place and Affect: Attachment, Disruption and Belonging
by Nick Rumens Rachel Morgan Katherine Johnson Melissa Tyler Patricia Lewis Christina Schwabenland Murray Lee Anna Hickey-Moody Nicholas Hill Daniel Harris Evgenniia Kuziner Nyk Robertson Troy Innocent Jessica Horne Paul McGuinness Alison Hirst Corina Sheerin Rajeshwari Chennangodu George KandathilDrawing on affect theory and the key themes of attachment, disruption and belonging, this book examines the ways in which our placed surroundings – whether urban design, border management or organisations – shape and form experiences of gender.Bringing together key debates across the fields of sociology, geography and organisation studies, the book sets out new theoretical ground to examine and consolidate shared experiences of what it means to be in or out of place.Contributors explore how our gendered selves encounter place, and critically examine the way in which experiences of gender shape meanings and attachments, as well as how place produces gendered modes of identity, inclusion and belonging. Emphasizing the intertwined dynamics of affect and being affected, the book examines the gendering of place and the placing of gender.
Gendering Politics and Policy: Recent Developments in Europe, Latin America, and the United States
by Heidi I. HartmannTop feminist theorists and scholars examine the latest developments in gender politics and policy around the worldGendering Politics and Policy: Recent Developments in Europe, Latin America, and the United States discusses in depth how women and women&’s perspectives are changing politics and policy in both the United States and around the world. This compelling resource surveys a range of issues and methodologies to bring the most recent gender issues, politics, and policies into clear focus. Top feminist scholars and theorists from several disciplines explore the latest in gender mainstreaming, gender budgeting, citizenship, social capital, and the gender gap in various cultures and countries.Gendering Politics and Policy provides case studies of different policy areas, techniques, and political practice as it highlights issues important for women and women&’s issues around the world. The book&’s three main sections include detailed looks at politics and gender issues in the United States, policies of concern for women in Latin America and Europe, and women&’s agendas in the United Nations. This book is extremely useful as a teaching tool for students by surveying a wide range of vital issues and methodologies of gender development, women and politics, women and public policy, and women in international politics. The text is extensively referenced and includes several tables and figures to clearly present data and ideas.Gendering Politics and Policy discusses: the need for women&’s citizenship-a new form of gendered citizenship more inclusive of women&’s issues that strengthens democratic governability gender politics in presidential elections-including the impact the attention to women&’s votes has had on public policies of administrations between elections the relationships between women&’s status and social capital attack campaigning of male candidates against women candidates the gender implications of economic policy in the United Kingdom the discretionary nature of funding for support of domestic violence laws in Latin America, Central America, and the Caribbean region women&’s increased leadership roles in German government the need for gender mainstreaming in the German economy child care as an international human right the involvement of women&’s nongovernmental organizations at UN conferencesGendering Politics and Policy is illuminating reading for educators, advanced undergraduate and graduate students in women&’s studies, political science, and public policy, as well as policy researchers and women leaders around the world.
Gendering Politics: Women in Israel
by Hanna HerzogWhat are the cultural and structural mechanisms that exclude women from politics in general and from local politics in particular? What meaning is ascribed to women's political activity? Gendering Politics explores the place of women in democratic politics by means of a detailed study of women in Israeli politics who were elected to municipal councils from 1950 to 1989. Drawing from a variety of sources, including questionnaires, interviews, newspaper coverage, and existing statistical data, as well as examinations of studies of the role of women in politics in other democracies, Herzog analyzes the extent of success and failure of women in Israeli elections. She then explores reasons why female participation in Israeli politics has been relatively slight, despite historical precedents and social circumstances that would indicate otherwise. The author examines the gendered bias of the power structure as it is shaped by basic cultural organizing principles. She exposes hidden assumptions--and notes the overt assumptions--which by definition exclude women from politics. The author also looks at the structure of opportunities within the prevailing political system, uncovering the relevant blocking and facilitating elements.
Gendering the European Union
by Gabriele Abels Joyce Marie MushabenAn exploration of European integration as seen through a gender lens. This book looks at integration theories, institutional relationships, enlargement, the development of gender law and the role of formal actors, scholars and expert networks in the EU policy-making process. With a focus on gender mainstreaming as a new approach to gender policy.
Gendering the Memory of Work: Women Workers’ Narratives (Routledge Research in Gender and Society)
by Maria TamboukouThis book explores gendered aspects in the memory of work by looking at auto/biographical narratives and political writings of women workers in the garment industry. The author draws on cutting edge theoretical approaches and insights in memory studies, neo-materialism and discourse analysis, particularly looking at entanglements and intra-actions between places, bodies and objects. Tamboukou aims to enrich our appreciation of the role of women’s labour history in the wider realm of cultural memory, as well as in the politics of women’s work. The book addresses a significant gap in the literature by focusing on the memory of work from a gendered perspective. It also examines the relationship between workspaces and personal spaces: the intimate, intense and often invisible ways through which workers occupy workspaces and populate them with their ideas, emotions, beliefs, habits and everyday practices. The book will be a theoretical and methodological toolbox for students and researchers in the interface of the social sciences and the humanities, as well as a vital resource in women’s labour history. It will be particularly relevant for sociologists, cultural theorists, feminist scholars and social historians.