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Interdisziplinäre Architektur-Wissenschaft: Eine Einführung (Interdisziplinäre Architektur-Wissenschaft: Praxis – Theorie – Methodologie – Forschung)
by Karsten Berr Achim HahnArchitektur, sichtbar und anschaulich, gestaltet baulich-technisch und räumlich unsere Lebensumwelt und stellt in dieser genuinen Eigenschaft eine besondere Herausforderung an die Wissenschaft(en) dar.Bei den versammelten Beiträgen dieses Bandes handelt es sich um die schriftlichen Fassungen von Vorträgen im Rahmen eines von der DFG finanzierten ‚Rundgesprächs‘ zum Thema ‚Interdisziplinäre Architektur-Wissenschaft‘ im Juni 2018 an der Technischen Universität Dresden – ergänzt von weiteren Autorinnen und Autoren.Der Band ist in vier thematische Schwerpunkte gegliedert. Der erste Teil präsentiert philosophische Grundlagen einer interdisziplinären Architektur-Wissenschaft. Der zweite Teil stellt aus unterschiedlichen disziplinären oder wissenschaftstheoretischen Ansätzen heraus wissenschaftstheoretische und methodologische Grundlagen und Zugriffe bereit. Der dritte Teil beleuchtet das Spannungsverhältnis von Architektur als Disziplin und Praxis zu Architekturtheorie und Architektur-Wissenschaft. Im vierten Teil werden exemplarisch Theoriebildung und Theorien zu Landschaft, Landschaftsforschung und Landschaftsarchitektur diskutiert.
Interdisziplinäre Kreuzungen: Soziologie – Anthropologie – Geschichte
by Wolfgang EßbachDie Aufforderung, über den Tellerrand des eigenen Faches hinauszuschauen, die Einsicht, daß sich nicht unbedingt im Zentrum, sondern an den Rändern von Fächern neuartige Fragen stellen, und die Klagen über den Fachidiotismus sind wohlbekannt. Der geflügelte Spruch des Dichters Jean Paul: „Jeder Fachmann ist in seinem Fach ein Esel“ trifft auch Nur-Soziologen, die nichts von ihrem Fach wissen, wenn sie sich nicht in der Landschaft auskennen, die ihre Disziplin umgibt. Ihre späte Akademisierung hat der Soziologie eine schöne Vielfalt von angrenzenden Nachbarschaften beschert. Dieser Band handelt von Kreuzungen zwischen Soziologie, Anthropologie und Geschichte. In den Studien geht es unter anderem um historische Quellen soziologischen Denkens, um die Erforschung von Biografien, um kulturelle Identität und Migration, die Problemgeschichte der Anthropologie, um Gabe und Rache, um den Ort der Phänomenologie in der Soziologie und Anthropologie artifizieller Lebenswelt, um Postmoderne als Gegenwart oder Epoche, die Begrenzungen des Historismus, das Verhältnis von Subjektivierungsweise und Geschichte, die soziale Funktion von Vergangenheitsrepräsentation und die Frage: Welche Vergangenheit brauchen unsere Kinder?Der Band versammelt Schriften Wolfgang Eßbachs zum inter- und transdisziplinären Verhältnis von Soziologie, Anthropologie, Geschichte und wie sie sich gegenseitig befruchten können.
Interessen und Interessierung: Das Interessenkonzept in der Sozialtheorie
by Thomas HaipeterDieses Buch handelt von Interessen und ihrer Rolle im sozialen Handeln. Was sind Interessen, wie entstehen sie, und wie werden sie im sozialen Handeln praktisch wirksam? Und in welchen Beziehungen stehen Interessen zu anderen Handlungsorientierungen wie Werten oder Emotionen – wann handeln soziale Akteure aus Interesse, und wann folgen sie anderen Zielen? Diese Fragen sind von einiger Bedeutung, denn Interessen gelten in vielen Theorieansätzen der Soziologie als eines der zentralen Motive, die Menschen dazu bringen, sozial zu handeln und auf diese Weise soziale Tatbestände zu erzeugen. Trotz ihrer Bedeutung sind Interessen als Konzept jedoch nur selten reflektiert worden; explizite Auseinandersetzungen damit sind in der soziologischen Theorie kaum zu finden. Deshalb soll in diesem Buch der Interessenbegriff genauer ausgeleuchtet werden. Dazu wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie der Interessenbegriff in den verschiedenen Traditionen der Sozialtheorie vom Funktionalismus bis zum Neomarxismus verwendet wird. Daran anschließend wird der Versuch unternommen, Interessen in ihrem multidimensionalen und prozesshaften Charakter als „Interessierung“ neu zu fassen und in ihren Implikationen für Theoriebildung und empirische Forschung der Soziologie greifbar zu machen.
Interessenorganisation: Begriffsbestimmung, Definition und Typologie (essentials)
by Deniz Z. ErtinDas vorliegende Buch beschäftigt sich mit der Begriffsbestimmung und Definition von Interessenorganisationen. Dabei wird die Nutzung unterschiedlicher Begriffe in der deutschen und englischen politikwissenschaftlichen Literatur diskutiert. Des Weiteren werden auch die begriffsgeschichtlichen und theoretischen Aspekte dieser Begriffe erläutert und ausgeführt. Neben der Definition des Begriffs werden auch die verschiedenen Typologien von Interessenorganisation untersucht und differenziert. Anhand von praktischen Beispielen werden diese Typologien diskutiert und angewendet.
Interest Group Politics
by Allan J. Cigler Burdett A. LoomisAfter a turbulent and moneyed midterm election season, turn to the new edition of this trusted classic to guide your students through the influence and reach of interest groups. With its broad spectrum of scholarship on interest groups past and present, Interest Group Politics once again brings together noted political scientists to provide comprehensive coverage and cutting-edge research on interest groups in U. S. politics. Contributors examine the growth of social networks in lobbying, the actions of organized interests during the health care reform debate, campaign mobilization and congressional decision making from the group perspective, and more.
Interest Groups and Campaign Finance Reform in the United States and Canada
by Robert G. BoatrightIn the early 2000s, the United States and Canada implemented new campaign finance laws restricting the ability of interest groups to make political contributions and to engage in political advertising. Whereas both nations' legislative reforms sought to reduce the role of interest groups in campaigns, these laws have had opposite results in the two nations. In the United States, interest groups remained influential by developing broad coalitions aimed at mobilizing individual voters and contributors. In Canada, interest groups largely withdrew from election campaigns, and, thus, important voices in elections have gone silent. Robert G. Boatright explains such disparate results by placing campaign finance reforms in the context of ongoing political and technological changes.
Interest Groups and Experimentalist Governance in the EU: New Modes of Lobbying (Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology)
by Douwe TruijensThis book researches the role that interest groups play in new modes of EU governance, with a specific focus on the role of interest representation in experimentalist governance frameworks. The research asks how lobbying in the legislative process contributes to the governance framework and its institutional arrangements and subsequently asks how the relevant interest groups participate in policy implementation – in which broad policy goals are concretised. The research is based on four in-depth case studies: the Industrial Emissions Directive, the General Data Protection Regulation, the Combating Child Abuse Directive, and the Institutions for Occupational Retirement Provision Directive. Of special interest in these cases are the balance between types of interest groups (most notably business and NGOs) in policy formulation and implementation, and the changing dynamics between interest groups and public policy-makers in such ‘horizontal’ governance. The book’s findings are required reading for all those concerned with effective and democratic policy-making in the EU.
Interest Groups and Lobbying
by Thomas T. HolyokeInterest groups and lobbyists play a crucial role in how public policy is made in the United States’ representative democracy. By helping citizens organize and pursue their self-interests in the political arena, interest groups and lobbyists are an alternative but very effective form of representation. However, the adversarial nature of interest groups often fuels voter discomfort with the political process. Interest Groups and Lobbying is an accessible and comprehensive text that examines the crux of this conflict. Pulling together two areas of interest group research--why advocacy organizations form and how they are able to gain influence in Washington, DC--Thomas T. Holyoke shows students the inner workings of interest groups in the United States. Using case studies to clarify and expand on the issues surrounding lobbying and group action in federal, state, and local government, Holyoke explores how we can use interest groups and their adversarial impulse to achieve the greatest good for the greatest number of people.
Interest Groups, Water Politics and Governance
by Richard MeissnerThe book investigates the role interest groups have played over the years to influence the governments of Lesotho and South Africa, the World Bank and project implementation authorities in changing some policy aspects of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP). Some of the issues being agitated by the interest groups are the resettlement of villagers where some of the dams for the projects are being constructed. The author argues that interest groups and individuals have the ability to influence the above-mentioned institutions and to such an extent that water politics and governance is not the domain of state institutions only.
Interests and the Growth of Knowledge (Routledge Library Editions: Social Theory)
by Barry BarnesIntriguingly different in approach from conventional works in the same area of inquiry, this study deals with the central problems and concerns of the sociology of knowledge as it has traditionally been conceived of. In other words, it is concerned with the relationship of knowledge, social interests and social structure, and with the various attempts which have been made to analyse the relationship. Barry Barnes takes the classic writings in the sociology of knowledge – by Marx, Lukács, Weber, Mannheim, Goldmann, Habermas and others – and uses them as resources in coming to grips with what he regards as the currently most interesting and significant questions in this area. This approach reflects one of the principal themes of the book itself. Knowledge, it is argued, is best treated as a resource available to those possessing it. This is the best perspective from which to understand its relationship to action and its historical significance; it is a perspective which avoids the problems of holding that knowledge is derivative, as well as those generated by the view that knowledge is a strong determinant of consciousness. the result is an unusual textbook, particularly valuable when read in conjunction with the original works it discusses.
Interests, Institutions, and Information: Domestic Politics and International Relations
by Helen V. MilnerIncreasingly scholars of international relations are rallying around the idea that "domestic politics matters." Few, however, have articulated precisely how or why it matters. In this significant book, Helen Milner lays out the first fully developed theory of domestic politics, showing exactly how domestic politics affects international outcomes. In developing this rational-choice theory, Milner argues that any explanation that treats states as unitary actors is ultimately misleading. She describes all states as polyarchic, where decision-making power is shared between two or more actors (such as a legislature and an executive). Milner constructs a new model based on two-level game theory, reflecting the political activity at both the domestic and international levels. She illustrates this model by taking up the critical question of cooperation among nations. Milner examines the central factors that influence the strategic game of domestic politics. She shows that it is the outcome of this internal game--not fears of other countries' relative gains or the likelihood of cheating--that ultimately shapes how the international game is played out and therefore the extent of cooperative endeavors. The interaction of the domestic actors' preferences, given their political institutions and levels of information, defines when international cooperation is possible and what its terms will be. Several test cases examine how this argument explains the phases of a cooperative attempt: the initiation, the negotiations at the international level, and the eventual domestic ratification. The book reaches the surprising conclusion that theorists--neo-Institutionalists and Realists alike--have overestimated the likelihood of cooperation among states.
Interface
by Branden HookwayIn this book, Branden Hookway considers the interface not as technology but as a form of relationship with technology. The interface, Hookway proposes, is at once ubiquitous and hidden from view. It is both the bottleneck through which our relationship to technology must pass and a productive encounter embedded within the use of technology. It is a site of contestation -- between human and machine, between the material and the social, between the political and the technological -- that both defines and elides differences. A virtuoso in multiple disciplines, Hookway offers a theory of the interface that draws on cultural theory, political theory, philosophy, art, architecture, new media, and the history of science and technology. He argues that the theoretical mechanism of the interface offers a powerful approach to questions of the human relationship to technology. Hookway finds the origin of the term interface in nineteenth-century fluid dynamics and traces its migration to thermodynamics, information theory, and cybernetics. He discusses issues of subject formation, agency, power, and control, within contexts that include technology, politics, and the social role of games. He considers the technological augmentation of humans and the human-machine system, discussing notions of embodied intelligence. Hookway views the figure of the subject as both receiver and active producer in processes of subjectification. The interface, he argues, stands in a relation both alien and intimate, vertiginous and orienting to those who cross its threshold.
Interface (The\mit Press Ser.)
by Branden HookwayA cultural theory of the interface as a relation that is both ubiquitous and elusive, drawing on disciplines from cultural theory to architecture.In this book, Branden Hookway considers the interface not as technology but as a form of relationship with technology. The interface, Hookway proposes, is at once ubiquitous and hidden from view. It is both the bottleneck through which our relationship to technology must pass and a productive encounter embedded within the use of technology. It is a site of contestation—between human and machine, between the material and the social, between the political and the technological—that both defines and elides differences.A virtuoso in multiple disciplines, Hookway offers a theory of the interface that draws on cultural theory, political theory, philosophy, art, architecture, new media, and the history of science and technology. He argues that the theoretical mechanism of the interface offers a powerful approach to questions of the human relationship to technology. Hookway finds the origin of the term interface in nineteenth-century fluid dynamics and traces its migration to thermodynamics, information theory, and cybernetics. He discusses issues of subject formation, agency, power, and control, within contexts that include technology, politics, and the social role of games. He considers the technological augmentation of humans and the human-machine system, discussing notions of embodied intelligence.Hookway views the figure of the subject as both receiver and active producer in processes of subjectification. The interface, he argues, stands in a relation both alien and intimate, vertiginous and orienting to those who cross its threshold.
Interface between English Language Education Policies and Practice: Examples from Various Contexts
by Eric Enongene Ekembe Lauren Harvey Eric DwyerThis book is about the policy-practice praxis in English language education, and draws on research from a diverse range of under-explored international settings to showcase the importance of contextual realities on how policy and practice interact. The case studies covered in the volume come from five continents (Africa, Europe, Asia, and South and North America) and cover 11 countries in total. The authors cover a wide range of themes and identify a number of issues at the interface between policy and practice. In some cases they also highlight local initiatives for navigating these issues, providing contextually-grounded guidance and experience which will be of use to teachers and teacher trainers in other settings. This book will be of interest to policy makers, EMI researchers, ELT practitioners, teacher trainers and trainees, and the broader Applied Linguistics research community.
Interfaces On Trial: Intellectual Property And Interoperability In The Global Software Industry (The\information Society Ser.)
by Jonathan BandThis book presents the history of one of the key debates in the continuing effort to develop a legal framework for intellectual property rights in the burgeoning computer software industry. It is the first full account of the interoperability debate-the controversy over the protectability of interface specifications and the permissibility of
Interfaces for Ground and Air Military Robots: WORKSHOP SUMMARY
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesThe National Academies Press (NAP)--publisher for the National Academies--publishes more than 200 books a year offering the most authoritative views, definitive information, and groundbreaking recommendations on a wide range of topics in science, engineering, and health. Our books are unique in that they are authored by the nation's leading experts in every scientific field.
Interfacing Ourselves: Living in the Digital Age
by Cristina Bodinger-DeUriarteInterfacing Ourselves consists of new work that examines digital life on three levels: individuals and digital identity; relationships routinely intertwining digital and physical connections; and broader institutional and societal realities that define the context of living in the digital age. A key focus is what it means in varied social arenas when most individuals live as co-present or multi-present—simultaneously engaged in digital and physical space—alone and with others. Topics include how: digital life contributes to well-being; individuals experience digital dependency; a smartphone is more than a smartphone; netiquette reveals social change; some online communities become prosocial salient havens while others reinforce social inequality; Millennials build intimacy; Latinx do familismo; and digital surveillance and big data redefine consumerism, advocacy, and civic engagement. Six chapters incorporate insights from hourly journals of Millennials undergoing a period of digital abstinence. Other chapters draw from surveys, digital auto-ethnography, content analysis, and other methods to explore digital life at the level of individual and interactive experience, and at a broader institutional and societal level. Ultimately, the book presents the need for living a mindful digital life by developing greater awareness as an individual, a social being, and a netizen and citizen.
Interfaith Engagement Beyond the Divide: Approaches, Experiences, and Practices
by Adis Duderija Johannes M. Luetz Denise A. AustinThis book features reflections by scholars and practitioners from diverse religious traditions. It posits that the global challenges facing humanity today can only be mastered if humans from diverse faith traditions can meaningfully collaborate in support of human rights, reconciliation, sustainability, justice, and peace. Seeking to redress common distortions of religious mis- and dis-information, the book aims to construct interreligious common ground ‘beyond the divide’.Organised into three main sections, the book features sixteen conceptual, empirical, and practice-informed chapters that explore spirituality across faiths and cultures. Chapter 1 delineates the state of the art in relation to interfaith engagement, Chapters 2–8 advance theoretical research, Chapters 9–12 discuss empirical perspectives, and Chapters 13–16 showcase field projects and recount stories and lived experiences.Comprising works by scholars, professionals, and practitioners from around the globe, Interfaith Engagement Beyond the Divide: Approaches, Experiences, and Practices is an interdisciplinary publication on interreligious thought and engagement:Assembles a curated collection of chapters from numerous countries and diverse religious traditions;Addresses interfaith scholarship and praxis from a range of interdisciplinary perspectives;Comprises interfaith dialogue and collaborative research involving authors of different faiths;Envisions prospects for peace, interreligious harmony in diversity, and a world that may be equitably and enduringly shared.The appraisal of present and future challenges and opportunities, framed within a context of public policy and praxis, makes this interdisciplinary publication a useful tool for teaching, research, and policy development. Chapter 16 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Interfaith Leadership: A Primer
by Eboo PatelA guide for students, groups, and organizations seeking to foster interfaith dialogue and promote understanding across religious linesIn this book, renowned interfaith leader Eboo Patel offers a clear, detailed, and practical guide to interfaith leadership, illustrated with compelling examples. Patel explains what interfaith leadership is and explores the core competencies and skills of interfaith leadership, before turning to the issues interfaith leaders face and how they can prepare to solve them. Interfaith leaders seek points of connection and commonality--in their neighborhoods, schools, college campuses, companies, organizations, hospitals, and other spaces where people of different faiths interact with one another. While it can be challenging to navigate the differences and disagreements that can arise from these interactions, skilled interfaith leaders are vital if we are to have a strong, religiously diverse democracy. This primer presents readers with the philosophical underpinnings of interfaith theory and outlines the skills necessary to practice interfaith leadership today.
Interfaith Marketing: A Cross-Religious Approach (Routledge Studies in Marketing)
by Stefan Müller Katja Gelbrich Frank G. CabanoReligious affiliation and religiosity of consumers can give rise to a differentiation of marketing strategy and marketing mix. They influence the values, habits and attitudes of consumers as well as their decision-making and consumption behavior. This book presents a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge of comparative religious research.The authors discuss the basic concepts and approaches of this interdisciplinary field. They describe central concepts of religious studies (e.g. intrinsic vs. extrinsic religiosity) and the various world religions. Then, they analyze how religiosity and religious affiliation influence consumer behavior, and what consequences this has for companies that operate across borders. How can or should they take into account the religious characteristics of their target groups?This original book will be a valuable resource for scholars of international marketing and business, consumer behavior and religious studies.
Interfaith Marriage in America
by Erika B. SeamonSeamon explores the historical, theological, and societal dynamics of religious intermarriage as a way to introduce scholars to the myriad of factors that have contributed and will continue to contribute to the complete transformation of religion and Christianity in the twenty-first century.
Interfaith Networks and Development: Case Studies from Africa (Sustainable Development Goals Series)
by Ezra Chitando Ishanesu Sextus GushaAlthough there is growing interest in the role of religion in meeting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Agenda 2030, very few studies have focused on the contributions of interfaith networks. Most of the contemporary publications on religion and development focus on single religions or faith-based organizations. This volume addresses the lacuna in the available scholarship by undertaking detailed analyses of how interfaith networks in diverse African contexts contribute to development. Chapters in this volume engage in theoretical debates on interfaith networks and development, while describing concrete, fresh case studies on how particular interfaith networks are contributing towards the meeting of the SDGs in specific contexts. Thus, the volume describes older and newer interfaith networks and analyses their achievements and challenges. Contributors focus on SDGs that include peacebuilding, gender, youth, the environment, as well as overviews of interfaith initiatives in different African contexts.
Intergenerational Bonds: The Contributions of Older Adults to Young Children's Lives (Educating the Young Child #18)
by Mary Renck Jalongo Patricia A. CrawfordThis book studies the many different ways in which the lives of the first, third, and fourth generations intersect and the reciprocal benefits that can accrue from establishing positive intergenerational bonds. The unifying feature across the chapters is that the authors view these relationships as a powerful influence on Quality of Life (QoL). The book takes the stance that older adults figure prominently in the QoL of young children, with the latter group defined here as ranging in age from infancy up to and including eight years of age. It examines how bonds with older adults can affect young children’s functioning across developmental domains—physical, emotional, social, and cognitive. It addresses questions of importance to those who have a commitment to the very young such as: “What benefits can young children derive from positive bonds with older adults?”, “How do young children understand the aging process and develop respect for the elderly?”, “How can published research be used to guide both informal and formal interactions between the older generation and the newest one?” and, finally, “How can various stakeholders such as professionals, families, organizations, and communities collaborate to enrich and enlarge the kind and amount of support that older adults provide to the very young child?”
Intergenerational Conflict and Authentic Youth Experience: Adults Denigrating Young People (ISSN)
by Barney LangfordThis book explores how the youth experience, viscerally felt and deeply ingrained at a time of substantial physical, psychological and emotional changes, serves to authenticate that youth experience to the exclusion of that of ensuing youth generations.Using Cohen’s concept of moral panic to frame the intergenerational conflict, notions of generational exclusivity and authenticity are explored through Bourdieu’s concept of habitus – how each generation privileges its own youth experience as the ‘standard’ by which other youth generations can be judged. Shared authenticated ‘generational understandings’ act as the benchmark by which ensuing youth generations can be assessed and found wanting. Intergenerational conflict has been brought into sharp focus by the emergence of the Millennial generation, digital natives, with their obsession with digital technology and particularly mobile phones.The book will be of interest for the field of youth studies in general, particularly upper-level undergraduate youth studies courses and postgrads and social scientists. In addition, it will be of interest for scholars interested in the work of Pierre Bourdieu and Stanley Cohen and subject areas: intergenerational conflict, social change, popular culture, music, media and cultural studies, and social theory.
Intergenerational Connections in Digital Families
by Sakari TaipaleThis book provides a comprehensive review of how digital communication technology can help families network and communicate across generations, despite differences in family composition, residential location, cultural values and orientations. Covering the full spectrum of intergenerational relations (including child to parent, and parent to grandparent), it offers a positive view of the value of digital technology usage within families.The author focuses on three European countries: Finland, Italy and Slovenia, but also touches on other European countries and parts of the United States, revealing evidence that challenges ideas of universal adoption of information communication technology (ICT) and consistency in the social effects of such adoption in different regions and cultures. Further, the book discusses numerous other challenges and issues, such as:• the social transformations and technological developments that have made digital families possible;• the resulting changes in family roles, responsibilities, and practices; and• the theoretical and conceptual implications of digital communication-technology use in families.The author illustrates how ICT can facilitate family solidarity and how it helps to provide new ways of being together, and they discuss how social media, particularly instant messaging applications, helps develop affinity between family members better than traditional one-to-one personal communication tools. Combining highly nuanced material with fresh sociological thinking, it enhances readers’ theoretical understanding of the meaning of the ‘digital family’, making it a powerful resource for graduate and undergraduate students, as well as academics. Thanks to its structured format with easy-to-understand explanations, it appeals to practitioners and researchers alike.