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Land and Leisure: Concepts and Methods in Outdoor Recreation (Routledge Library Editions: Leisure Studies)
by Carlton S. Van DorenFirst published in 1974. Leisure has come to be a vital force in our lives, a part of self-discovery, essential for our well-being. With increased amounts of leisure time, there has been rapid growth in the demand for diverse recreational facilities and their subsequent overuse. With this in mind, it is clear why the planning, managing and administration of recreational resources, particularly in urban areas, is of personal interest to everyone. Land and Leisure introduces the student to all aspects of recreational land use - spatial, economic, behavioural and physical. This second edition is designed to demonstrate some of the basic up-to-date ideas and issues of the last decade and a half that have been influential in shaping decisions, and is concerned both with urban recreation and the uses of resources within metropolitan areas and with the role of the private sector in providing facilities. The book is divided into five parts with discussions ranging over topics such as the individual's recreational needs, recreational land-use evaluation, regional planning and the problems of decision-making and the provision of recreational resources. Its interdisciplinary approach will enable students to understand the problems, concepts, methods and approaches helpful in furthering and integrating their knowledge of recreational resources.
Land of Stark Contrasts: Faith-Based Responses to Homelessness in the United States
by Manuel Mejido CostoyaAn important new volume showcasing a wide range of faith-based responses to one of today’s most pressing social issues, challenging us to expand our ways of understanding. Land of Stark Contrasts brings together the work of social scientists, ethicists, and theologians exploring the profound role of religion in understanding and responding to homelessness and housing insecurity in all corners of the United States—from Seattle, San Francisco, and Silicon Valley to Dallas and San Antonio to Washington, D.C., and Boston.Together, the essays of Land of Stark Contrasts chart intriguing ways forward for future initiatives to address the root causes of homelessness. In this way they are essential reading for practical theologians, congregational leaders, and faith-based nonprofit organizers exploring how to combine spiritual and material care for homeless individuals and other vulnerable populations. Social workers, nonprofit managers, and policy specialists seeking to understand how to partner better with faith-based organizations will also find the chapters in this volume an invaluable resource.Contributors include James V. Spickard, Manuel Mejido Costoya and Margaret Breen, Michael R. Fisher Jr., Laura Stivers, Lauren Valk Lawson, Bruce Granville Miller, Nancy A. Khalil, John A. Coleman, S.J., Jeremy Phillip Brown, Paul Houston Blankenship, María Teresa Dávila, Roberto Mata, and Sathianathan Clarke.Co-published with Seattle University’s Center for Religious Wisdom and World Affairs
Land of the Spotted Eagle
by Joseph Marshall Luther Standing BearWhen Standing Bear returned to the Pine Ridge Sioux Reservation after sixteen years' absence, his dismay at the condition of his people may well have served as a catalyst for the writing of this book, first published in 1933. <p><p> In addition to describing the customs, manners, and traditions of the Teton Sioux, Standing Bear also offered general comments about the importance of Native cultures and values and the status of Indian peoples in American society. With the assistance of Melvin R. Gilmore, curator of ethnology at the University of Michigan, and Warcaziwin, Standing Bear’s niece and secretary, Standing Bear sought to tell the white man “just how” they “lived as Lakotans.” <p><p> Land of the Spotted Eagle is generously interspersed with personal reminiscences and anecdotes, including chapters on child rearing, social and political organization, family, religion, and manhood. Standing Bear's views on Indian affairs and his suggestions for the improvement of white-Indian relations are presented in the two closing chapters.
Land, Labour and Livelihoods: Indian Women's Perspectives (Gender, Development and Social Change)
by Orlanda Ruthven Bina Fernandez Meena GopalThis book brings together a unique collection of theoretical and empirical analyses of women’s access to land, labour and livelihoods in contemporary India. The authors recognize that gender relations must be viewed intersectionally, along with other social relationships such as caste, ethnicity, religion, sexuality and age, in order to inform an integrated analysis of women’s persistent disadvantage in India. The chapters examine a diverse range of rural and urban livelihoods within sectors such as tea plantations, nursing, hair salons, sex work and waste collection. Documenting the shifts in these sectors in the context of economic liberalization, the authors offer insights on the challenges of development interventions as women negotiate shifts in their livelihood options. Written to engage, the contributions to this book will be of interest both to the general reader and to academics and practitioners in development and gender/women’s studies.
Landlords And Strangers: Ecology, Society, And Trade In Western Africa, 1000-1630
by George E BrooksParticipants included scholars, government officials, and journalists from European and American countries ranging from Finland to Argentina. This volume contains the papers presented. The viewpoints represent those who favor a negotiated settlement through the Contadora process, those who espouse the policies of the Reagan administration, and thos
Landmarks Preservation and the Property Tax: Assessing Landmark Buildings for Real Taxation Purposes
by David ListokinHistoric preservation is an issue of growing importance and public commitment. Federal and state mechanisms have been established to identify and support historic buildings/sites, while local governments have been active in supporting and protecting historic resources. Communities across the country have established designation programs whereby individual buildings or districts of historical-architectural significance are accorded landmark status. Designation activity has been accompanied by growing interest in other local incentives/disincentives to the support of historic buildings. In this regard, the property tax is viewed as either a possible powerful drawback to or a catalyst of preservation. This study examines the relationship between historic preservation and the property tax, focusing on the question of how designated buildings should be assessed for real taxation purposes. Listokin focuses on New York City in considering the effects of historic status on property value and in evaluating assessment practices. But this book's findings are transferrable to other communities because the base conditions are similar. Many other cities have designation programs modeled on New York City's. In addition, New York's property-tax system and administrative processes resemble those found in communities across the nation. To enhance the transferability of this study's findings, Listokin refers to the national experience and literature, typically on a side-by-side basis with the New York City counterpart.
Landmarks: A Collection of Essays on the Russian Intelligentsia 1909
by Boris ShraginWritten from a particular point of view, this text still stands as one of the key studies on the thought-world of the Russian intelligentsia. It will be of interest to students of Russian social and political thought as to those of intellectual history as well.
Landscape Architecture for Sea Level Rise: Innovative Global Solutions
by Galen D. Newman Zixu QiaoThis book assesses and illustrates innovative and practical world-wide measures for combating sea level rise from the profession of landscape architecture. The work explores how the appropriate mixture of integrated, multi-scalar flood protection mechanisms can reduce risks associated with flood events including sea level rise. Because sea level rise is a global issue, illustrative case studies performed from the United States, Korea, Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, Japan, China, and the Netherlands identify the structural (engineered), non-structural (nature-based), and hybrid mechanisms (mixed) used to combat sea level rise and increase flood resilience. The alternative flood risk reduction mechanisms are extracted and analyzed from each case study to develop and explain a set of design-based typologies to combat sea level rise which can then be applied to help proctor new and existing communities. It is important for those located within the current or future floodplain considering sea level rise and those responsible for land use, developmental, and population-related activities within these areas to strategically implement a series of integrated constructed and green infrastructure-based flood risk reduction mechanisms to adequately protect threatened areas. As a result, this book is beneficial to both academics and practitioners related to multiple design professions such as urban designers, urban planners, architects, real estate developers, and landscape architects.
Landscape Conflicts (RaumFragen: Stadt – Region – Landschaft)
by Olaf Kühne Karsten Berr Lara KoegstLandscape conflicts, for example in connection with / in view of the energy transition, climate policy, transport policy, nature conservation, the extraction of mineral raw materials, the design of urban landscapes or tourism are potentially associated with high economic, social and political costs even before a possible escalation. It is therefore undoubtedly useful to gain a better understanding of landscape-related conflicts in terms of their causes, their course, their dynamics, their inherent logic and possible regulatory procedures. Frequently, such conflicts manifest themselves in particular in different claims and aspired or arrogated interpretative sovereignties concerning what can or may be considered together as 'landscape' (here understood as a special case to 'space'), and these conflicts are not limited to the economic dimension, but they also ignite in social, political and cultural, often also in aesthetic and moral questions. The contributions to this anthology therefore focus on the question of how landscape conflicts can be seen as a productive social normality and be brought to a non-violent and not necessarily consensual settlement.
Landscape Empowerment: A Participatory Design Approach to Create Restorative Environments for Assembly Line Workers in the Foxconn Factory
by Bin JiangThis book discusses essential strategies and approaches to creating mentally restorative environments for highly stressed and depressed workers at sweatshop factories. Drawing on the Foxconn factory in Longhua, China and an adjacent urban village as a sample site for research and design practice, the book employs a bottom-up and participatory process. The content is divided into two main parts, the first of which investigates economic, cultural, human rights, and environmental issues related to the electronic industry and urban village, providing in-depth research on various aspects, especially the working and living conditions for Foxconn workers. Based on these findings, the second part highlights potential landscape designs to address a range of issues, locations, and scales. The book’s goals are to provide a set of original methods for research and design practice in a complex social and economic context, and to raise awareness regarding the health, dignity and freedom of millions of workers.
Landscape Meanings and Values (Routledge Revivals)
by Edmund C. Penning-Rowsell; David LowenthalFirst published in 1986, Landscape Meanings and Values presents a major contribution to the debate concerning the relationship between theory and practice in landscape analysis and planning. It brings together a number of the most eminent researchers, commentators and practitioners from both the United States of America and Britain to pursue the fundamental meanings and values in landscape. The insights into the theory behind landscape management will force a fundamental rethink of the role of landscape architect and land management. Academic researchers will find the feedback from eminent practitioners a stimulation for more practical research. The collection of ideas in the last chapter provides a unique synthesis of the need for an expansion of study into the fundamental significance of landscape today. This book will be of value to students of geography, environmental studies, landscape architecture and land management.
Landscape Performance Modeling Using Rhino and Grasshopper
by Phillip ZawarusThis is a guidebook for landscape architects to learn the fundamental practices and use of the computational software Rhino 3D and the plugin Grasshopper for parametric modeling, landscape inventory, and performative analysis. This process visually connects intangible and abstract information with physical and spatial relationships to signify the impact ecological, climate, and cultural factors have on landscape performance and decision making. Each chapter begins with a summary of the performance method and its application in different projects, outlining the expected goals from industry standard equations and operations. Chapters cover parametric modeling scripts to measure ecosystem services of stormwater management, erosion control, tree benefits, outdoor comfort, accessibility, and many others. Using photographs, tables, and parametric scripts to create qualitative and quantitative representations of landscape performance and ecosystem services, readers will learn to communicate the impact and significance of their outputs. This book will be beneficial to educators, students, and professionals interested in using computational modeling as a performance assessment and graphic visualization tool.
Landscape Theories: A Brief Introduction (RaumFragen: Stadt – Region – Landschaft)
by Olaf KühneIn the past decades, the discussion about theoretical approaches to the topic of 'landscape' has increased. This book presents the currently discussed theoretical approaches to landscape and shows its potentials and limits. The theoretical approaches are discussed on the basis of current questions, such as socialisation and the hybridisation of landscape, and combined with empirical results. This is followed by a discussion of the landscape policy operationalisation of theoretical considerations and empirical findings.
Landscape and Power in Geographical Space as a Social-Aesthetic Construct
by Olaf KühneThis book examines the power definiteness of landscape from a social constructivist perspective with a particular focus on the importance of aesthetic concepts of landscape in development. It seeks to answer the question of how societal notions of landscape emerge, how they are individually updated and how these ideas affect the use and design of physical space. It also analyzes how physical manifestations of societal activity impact on understandings of individual and societal landscapes and addresses the essential aspect of the social construction of landscape, cultural specificity, which in turn is discussed in the context of the expansion of a western landscape concept. The book offers an unprecedented, comprehensive and detailed examination of societal power relations in the context of landscape development. The numerous case studies from the physical manifestation of modern spatial planning in the United States, the power discourses concerning the design of model railway landscapes, and the medial production of stereotypical landscape notions shed light on the complex and multilayered interactions of collective and individual landscape references. It is a valuable resource for geographers, sociologists, landscape architects, landscape planners and philosophers.
Landscape and Race in the United States
by Richard H. ScheinLandscape and Race in the United States is the definitive volume on racialized landscapes in the United States. Edited by Richard Schein, each essay is grounded in a particular location but all of the essays are informed by the theoretical vision that the cultural landscapes of America are infused with race and America's racial divide. While featuring the black/white divide, the book also investigates other social landscapes including Chinatowns, Latino landscapes in the Southwest and white suburban landscapes. The essays are accessible and readable providing historical and contemporary coverage.
Landscape and the Ideology of Nature in Exurbia: Green Sprawl (Routledge Studies in Human Geography #39)
by Laura Taylor Kirsten Valentine CadieuxThis book explores the role of the ideology of nature in producing urban and exurban sprawl. It examines the ironies of residential development on the metropolitan fringe, where the search for “nature” brings residents deeper into the world from which they are imagining their escape—of Federal Express, technologically mediated communications, global supply chains, and the anonymity of the global marketplace—and where many of the central features of exurbia—very low-density residential land use, monster homes, and conversion of forested or rural land for housing—contribute to the very problems that the social and environmental aesthetic of exurbia attempts to avoid. The volume shows how this contradiction—to live in the green landscape, and to protect the green landscape from urbanization—gets caught up and represented in the ideology of nature, and how this ideology, in turn, constitutes and is constituted by the landscapes being urbanized.
Landscape of Discontent: Urban Sustainability in Immigrant Paris (A Quadrant Book)
by Andrew NewmanOn a rainy day in May 2007, the mayor of Paris inaugurated the Jardins d&’Éole, a park whose completion was hailed internationally as an exemplar of sustainable urbanism. The park was the result of a hard-fought, decadelong protest movement in a low-income Maghrebi and African immigrant district starved for infrastructure, but the Mayor&’s vision of urban sustainability was met with jeers. Drawing extensively from immersive, firsthand ethnographic research with northeast Paris residents, as well as an analysis of green architecture and urban design, Andrew Newman argues that environmental politics must be separated from the construct of urban sustainability, which has been appropriated by forces of redevelopment and gentrification in Paris and beyond. France&’s turbulent political environment also provides Newman with powerful new insights into the ways in which multiethnic coalitions can emerge⎯even amid overt racism and Islamophobia⎯in the struggle for more just cities and more inclusive societies. A tale of multidimensional political efforts, Landscape of Discontent cuts through the rhetoric of green cities to reveal the promise that environmentalism holds for urban communities anywhere.
Landscapes of Activism: Civil Society, HIV and AIDS Care in Northern Mozambique (Medical Anthropology)
by Joel Christian ReedAIDS activists are often romanticized as extremely noble and selfless. However, the relationships among HIV support group members highlighted in Landscapes of Activism are hardly utopian or ideal. At first, the group has everything it needs, a thriving membership, and support from major donors. Soon, the group undergoes an identity crisis over money and power, eventually fading from the scene. As government and development institutions embraced activist demands—decentralizing AIDS care through policies of health systems strengthening—civil society was increasingly rendered obsolete. Charting this transition—from subjects, to citizens, and back again—reveals the inefficacy of protest, and the importance of community resilience. The product of in-depth ethnography and focused anthropological inquiry, this is the first book on AIDS activists in Mozambique. AIDS activism’s strange decline in southern Africa, rather than a reflection of citizen apathy, is the direct result of targeted state and donor intervention.
Landscapes of Care: Comparative Perspectives on Family Caregiving
by Andrew PowerGiven the increasing shift of care from state residential services to community-based support, this book examines the complex geographies of family caregiving for young adults with intellectual disabilities. It traces how family ’carers’ are directly and indirectly affected by a broad array of law and policy, including family policy, disability legislation, and health and community care restructuring policy. Each of these has material and institutional effects and is premised on the discourses, ideologies, and interactions in the state over time. Focusing on the welfare models of England, the US and Ireland, this book compares the welfare ideologies in each country and examines how the specific historical, cultural, and political contexts give rise to different landscapes of care and disability. Further, the book explores the unique lifeworlds of family carers of young adults with intellectual disability within the broader landscape of care in which they are situated.
Landscapes of Devils: Tensions of Place and Memory in the Argentinean Chaco
by Gastón R. GordilloLandscapes of Devils is a rich, historically grounded ethnography of the western Toba, an indigenous people in northern Argentina's Gran Chaco region. In the early twentieth century, the Toba were defeated by the Argentinean army, incorporated into the seasonal labor force of distant sugar plantations, and proselytized by British Anglicans. Gastn R. Gordillo reveals how the Toba's memory of these processes is embedded in their experience of "the bush" that dominates the Chaco landscape. As Gordillo explains, the bush is the result of social, cultural, and political processes that intertwine this place with other geographies. Labor exploitation, state violence, encroachment by settlers, and the demands of Anglican missionaries all transformed this land. The Toba's lives have been torn between alienating work in sugar plantations and relative freedom in the bush, between moments of domination and autonomy, abundance and poverty, terror and healing. Part of this contradictory experience is culturally expressed in devils, evil spirits that acquire different features in different places. The devils are sources of death and disease in the plantations, but in the bush they are entities that connect with humans as providers of bush food and healing power. Enacted through memory, the experiences of the Toba have produced a tense and shifting geography. Combining extensive fieldwork conducted over a decade, historical research, and critical theory, Gordillo offers a nuanced analysis of the Toba's social memory and a powerful argument that geographic places are not only objective entities but also the subjective outcome of historical forces.
Landscapes of Privilege: The Politics of the Aesthetic in an American Suburb
by Nancy DuncanJames and Nancy Duncan look at how the aesthetics of physical landscapes are fully enmeshed in producing the American class system. Focusing on an archetypal upper class American suburb-Bedford in Westchester County, NY-they show how the physical presentation of a place carries with it a range of markers of inclusion and exclusion.
Landschaft als Prozess (RaumFragen: Stadt – Region – Landschaft)
by Olaf Kühne Florian Weber Rainer Duttmann,Landschaft‘ gehört in Deutschland zu einem vielgenutzten und in unterschiedlichen Kontexten eingesetzten Begriff – sowohl alltagsweltlich als auch wissenschaftlich. Die Veränderlichkeit von Landschaft wird häufig als Wandel verstanden. Im Verhältnis dazu wird deren Prozesshaftigkeit in diesem Sammelband als ein Spezialfall von Wandel gedeutet. Dieser Spezialfall ist in von Menschen geprägten Landschaften zielgerichteter und aktiver als der passive und auch ungerichtete Wandel. Der Begriff des Prozesses fokussiert zudem stärker die Kontextabhängigkeit von Veränderungen. Die Vielfalt der über 30 versammelten Beiträge zeigt, dass der Wandelbarkeit und konkret der Prozesshaftigkeit von Landschaft je nach Perspektive und Zielsetzung auf unterschiedliche Art und Weise nachgegangen werden kann. Es ist nicht die eine Grundkonzeption, die Erkenntnisgewinn verspricht, sondern mitunter je nach Zielsetzung eine spezifische Wahl oder eine neopragmatische Triangulation. In unterschiedlicher Ausprägung werden sowohl ,Landschaft’ als auch ,Prozess‘ einer Einordnung und Systematisierung zugeführt – durchaus auch je nach disziplinärem Hintergrund, womit sich eine Perspektivenvielfalt ergibt – als Grundlage für weitergehende Auseinandersetzungen mit dem Themenfeld ,Landschaft als Prozess‘.
Landschaft und Tourismus (RaumFragen: Stadt – Region – Landschaft)
by Olaf Kühne Corinna Jenal Tim Freytag Timo SedelmeierDer Sammelband hat zum Ziel, die vielfältigen Verflechtungen zwischen Landschaft und Tourismus aus unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln zu beleuchten und zu reflektieren. Er stützt sich auf ein Verständnis von Landschaft als eine individuelle Konstruktion auf Grundlage erlernter gesellschaftlicher Deutungs- und Bewertungsmuster, auf Basis derer eine synthetische Zusammenschau materieller Objekte erfolgt. Alle drei Dimensionen sind veränderlich (die materielle, die individuelle und die gesellschaftliche) und über das Individuum miteinander verbunden. Die Gestaltung und Veränderung von Landschaften ist gebunden an Aushandlungsprozesse. Dabei ist wichtig, dass Landschaft nicht normativ im Sinne einer bestimmten Landschaft verstanden wird, sondern dass ein Nebeneinander von unterschiedlichen landschaftsbezogenen Konstruktionen (etwa infolge unterschiedlicher Interessen, kultureller Gebundenheiten, heimatlicher Bezugnahmen) und Repräsentationen zu Grunde gelegt wird. Schließlich beschränkt sich das Landschaftsverständnis nicht im Sinne eines ‚engen‘ Verständnisses auf klassische natur- und kulturwissenschaftliche Deutungen von materiellen Räumen, sondern folgt dem ‚weiten‘ Landschaftsverständnis, dass z.B. auch städtische Räume oder (Alt)Industrieareale unter dem Konstruktionsmodus ‚Landschaft‘ gefasst werden können.Übertragen auf den Bereich des Tourismus können verschiedene touristische Destinationen und andere touristifizierte Räume als Landschaften bezeichnet werden (z.B. die Toskana, ein hippes Stadtquartier in Barcelona, ein idyllischer Strand auf einer Insel der Karibik, ein einsamer Hiking-Trail im Hochgebirge, altindustrielle Areale und ihre Umgebungen im Ruhrgebiet oder das Walt Disney World Resort in Orlando).
Landschaft und Wandel: Zur Veränderlichkeit von Wahrnehmungen (RaumFragen: Stadt – Region – Landschaft)
by Olaf KühneSeit rund eineinhalb Jahrzehnten setzt sich in der deutschen Landschaftsforschung mit zunehmender Intensität die Erkenntnis durch, dass Landschaft aus sozialwissenschaftlicher Perspektive eher also gesellschaftliche und individuelle Konstruktion verstanden werden sollte, denn als physischer Gegenstand. Aktuelle theoretisch Überlegungen und empirische Befunde zu dieser Auffassung aufgreifend, befasst sich das vorliegende Buch mit der Betrachtung der zeitlichen Veränderlichkeit dieser sozialen Konstrukte von Landschaft am Beispiel einer Trendstudie im Saarland mit Erhebungen in den Jahren 2004 und 2016. Hierbei wird deutlich, wie groß die Entwicklung sozialer Deutungen und Bewertungen von Landschaft ist. Dies betrifft beispielsweise einerseits veränderte Einschätzungen von altindustriellen Objekten aber auch von Windkraftanlagen, andererseits auch die Aneignungsprozesse von Landschaft.
Landschaft zwischen Philosophie und Sozialwissenschaften: Eine Kritik (RaumFragen: Stadt – Region – Landschaft)
by Olaf Kühne Karsten Berr Petra LohmannDie Befassung mit ‚Landschaft‘ hat in den letzten Jahren in der Öffentlichkeit und den Wissenschaften an Bedeutung gewonnen. Verbunden war dies nicht vorwiegend mit den Konflikten, die sich in den letzten Jahren um physische Manifestationen der Verminderung von und Anpassung an den anthropogenen Klimawandel ergaben. In Philosophie und Sozialwissenschaften haben sich – nicht zuletzt ausgehend von einem gemeinsamen Bezugspunkt der ‚Philosophie der Landschaft‘ von Georg Simmel aus dem Jahre 1913 – unterschiedliche Traditionen im Umgang mit ‚Landschaft‘ entwickelt. Diese werden in dem vorliegenden Buch hinsichtlich ihrer Tauglichkeit einer Kritik unterzogen, Antworten auf die landschaftsbezogenen Herausforderungen der Gegenwart, sowohl in Bezug auf Wissenschaft, aber auch Gesellschaft zu leisten. Diese Kritik basiert auf einem eigens hierfür entwickelten kategorialen System, das sich zwischen den Dimensionen Konkretheit-Abstraktheit und wissenschaftsintern-wissenschaftsextern aufspannt. Zentrale herausgearbeitete Kritikpunkte sind neben einer unzureichenden Begriffsarbeit und einer ‚Individuenvergessenheit‘ beider Disziplinen auch die Reduzierung des Landschaftsbegriffs auf den Naturbegriff in der philosophischen Landschaftsforschung.