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Arthur Cecil Pigou (Great Thinkers In Economics Ser.)
by Guy Oakes Nahid AslanbeiguiThe British economist Arthur Cecil Pigou (1877-59) reconceptualized economics as a theory of economic welfare and a logic of policy analysis. Misconceptions of his work abound. This book, an essay in demystification and the first reading of the entire Pigouvian oeuvre, stresses his pragmatic and historicist premises.
Arthur Sullivan: A Victorian Musician (Routledge Revivals)
by Arthur JacobsPublished in 1992. This is a revised, enlarged edition of a book which on its original appearance in 1984 was hailed as a landmark in the study of Victorian musical life. It presents the figure of Sir Arthur Sullivan (1842-1990) not only as the celebrated co-creator of light operas with W.S Gilbert, but as a composer of all kinds of music from symphony and concerto to ballads such as ‘The Lost Chord’ and hymns such as ‘Onward, Christian Soldiers’. A prominent public life, with a knighthood in 1883, is contrasted with an unconventional private life involving a liaison of almost thirty years with an American living in London, Mary Frances Ronalds. The author’s access to Sullivan’s diary held by Yale University and to letters and other documents at the Pierpont Morgan library in New York gives this book both a unique authority and a deep human understanding. A new chapter updates research to the 150th anniversary of the composer’s birth, 1992, and incorporates music examples.
The Arthurdale School: Cultural Intervention Through Rural Folklife Education in a Progressive New Deal Setting
by Jan RosenbergThis book chronicles the school envisioned by Eleanor Roosevelt in 1933 to serve Arthurdale, the New Deal government-created community in north-central West Virginia. Arthurdale was founded to house unemployed miners and their families and provide them with opportunities to receive healthcare and obtain gainful employment. Roosevelt had a particular interest in the education of children, feeling that education and social life were profoundly intertwined within a community. With that in mind, in 1934, she hired Elsie Ripley Clapp—an educator and leader in the Progressive Education movement—to design and implement the school, as well as oversee the social life of Arthurdale as a whole. In addition to covering the Arthurdale School's birth, life, and dissolution, Rosenberg discusses how the lessons of the school might serve the culture of education today, especially as an element of a comprehensive approach to community revitalization.
Articulating Childhood Trauma: In the Context of War, Sexual Abuse and Disability
by Kamayani KumarThe volume addresses the pertinent need to examine childhood trauma revolving around themes of war, sexual abuse, and disability. Drawing narratives from spatial, temporal, and cultural contexts, the book analyses how conflict, abuse, domestic violence, contours of gender construction, and narratives of ableism affect a child’s transactions with society. While exploring complex manifestations of children’s experience of trauma, the volume seeks to understand the issues related to translatability/representation, of trauma bearing in mind the fact that children often lack the language to express their sense of loss. The book in its study of childhood trauma does a close exegesis of select literary pieces, drawings done by children, memoirs, and graphic narratives.Academicians and research scholars from the disciplines of childhood studies, trauma studies, resilience studies, visual studies, gender studies, cultural studies, disability studies, and film studies stand to benefit from this volume. The ideas that have been expressed in this volume will richly contribute towards further research and scholarship in this domain.
Articulating Intersex: A Crisis at the Intersection of Scientific Facts and Social Ideals (Philosophy and Medicine #131)
by Natalie DelimataThis book explores the ethical dilemma clinicians may face when disclosing a diagnosis of atypical sex. The moment of disclosure reveals an epistemic incompatibility between scientific fact and social meaning in relation to sex. Attempting to assess the bio-psychosocial implications of this dilemma highlights a complex historic antagonism between fact and meaning making satisfactory resolution of this dilemma difficult. Drawing on David Hume, WVO Quine and Michel Foucault the author presents an integrative model, which views scientific fact and social meaning as codetermining threads in one fabric of knowledge. From this epistemic perspective, the ethical dilemma is understood as a tear in the fabric signifying a rupturing of ontological integrity. To mend this tear and resolve the ethical dilemma three metaphysical perspectives are considered: essentialism, naturalism and emergentism. The book’s unique features include: an exploration of the impact of diagnostic disclosure on people with atypical sex (intersex); a synthesis of the epistemic perspectives of social and natural science facilitating interdisciplinary collaboration; a critical evaluation of three metaphysical perspectives on atypical sex (intersex); the application of Hume’s epistemological and moral distinctions to contemporary biomedicine and bioethics. The book’s target audience includes academics, students and professionals whose work intersects the natural and social sciences, and individuals interested in the metaphysics, epistemology and meta-ethics of sex.
Artifacts and Allegiances: How Museums Put the Nation and the World on Display
by Peggy LevittWhat can we learn about nationalism by looking at a country’s cultural institutions? How do the history and culture of particular cities help explain how museums represent diversity? Artifacts and Allegiances takes us around the world to tell the compelling story of how museums today are making sense of immigration and globalization. Based on firsthand conversations with museum directors, curators, and policymakers; descriptions of current and future exhibitions; and inside stories about the famous paintings and iconic objects that define collections across the globe, this work provides a close-up view of how different kinds of institutions balance nationalism and cosmopolitanism. By comparing museums in Europe, the United States, Asia, and the Middle East, Peggy Levitt offers a fresh perspective on the role of the museum in shaping citizens. Taken together, these accounts tell the fascinating story of a sea change underway in the museum world at large.
Artifacts and Ideas: Essays in Archaeology
by Bruce G. TriggerPrehistoric archaeologists cannot observe their human subjects nor can they directly access their subjects' ideas. Both must be inferred from the remnants of the material objects they made and used. In recent decades this incontrovertible fact has encouraged partisan approaches to the history and method of archaeology. An empirical discipline emphasizing data, classification, and chronology has given way to a behaviorist approach that interprets finds as products of ecologically adaptive strategies, and to a postmodern alternative that relies on an idealist, cultural-relativist epistemology based on belief and cultural traditions.In Artifacts and Ideas, Bruce G. Trigger challenges all partisan versions of recent developments in archaeology, while remaining committed to understanding the past from a social science perspective. Over 30 years, Trigger has addressed fundamental epistemological issues, and opposed the influence of narrow theoretical and ideological commitments on archaeological interpretation since the 1960s. Trigger encourages a relativistic understanding of archaeological interpretation. Yet as post-processual archaeology, influenced by postmodernism, became increasingly influential, Trigger countered nihilistic subjectivism by laying greater emphasis on how in the long run the constraints of evidence could be expected to produce a more comprehensive and objective understanding of the past.In recent years Trigger has argued that while all human behavior is culturally mediated, the capacity for such mediation has evolved as a flexible and highly efficient means by which humans adapt to a world that exists independently of their will. Trigger agrees that a complete understanding of what has shaped the archaeological record requires knowledge both of past beliefs and of human behavior. He knows also that one must understand humans as organisms with biologically grounded drives, emotions, and means of understanding. Likewise, even in the absence of data supplied in a linguistic format by texts and oral traditions, at least some of the more ecologically adaptive forms of human behavior and some general patterns of belief that display cross-cultural uniformity will be susceptible to archaeological analysis.Advocating a realist epistemology and a materialist ontology, Artifacts and Ideas offers an illuminating guide to the present state of the discipline as well as to how archaeology can best achieve its goals.
Artifacts and Organizations: Beyond Mere Symbolism (Organization and Management Series)
by Anat Rafaeli Michael G. PrattArtifacts in organizations are ubiquitous but often overlooked. The chapters in this book illustrate that artifacts are everywhere in organizational life. They prevail in how offices are decorated, language is used, business cards are designed, and office cartoons are displayed. In addition, artifacts can be seen in the name of an organization and its employees, products, buildings, processes, and contracts, and they represent people, organizations, and professions.Artifacts and Organizations suggests that artifacts are neither superficial nor pertinent only to organizational culture. They are relevant to a rich and diverse set of organizational processes within and across multiple levels of analysis. Artifacts are shown to be integral to identity, sense-giving and sense-making processes, interpretation and negotiation, legitimacy, and branding. The book seeks to communicate that artifacts are often much more than what is currently recognized in organizational research. The four sections of this edited volume address various aspects of what is known about and known through artifacts. Together, the full set of chapters challenge the field to move beyond a narrow conceptualization and understanding of artifacts in organizations.This book leads students to embrace the full complexity and richness of artifacts. In addition, the text seeks to inspire those who focus on artifacts as symbols to delve deeper into the complexities of artifacts-in-use, for individuals, organizations, and institutions.
Artificial General Intelligence: 14th International Conference, AGI 2021, Palo Alto, CA, USA, October 15–18, 2021, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13154)
by Ben Goertzel Alexey Potapov Matthew IkléThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Artificial General Intelligence, AGI 2021, held as a hybrid event in San Francisco, CA, USA, in October 2021.The 36 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. The papers cover topics from foundations of AGI, to AGI approaches and AGI ethics, to the roles of systems biology, goal generation, and learning systems, and so much more.
Artificial Intelligence: Third CAAI International Conference, CICAI 2023, Fuzhou, China, July 22–23, 2023, Revised Selected Papers, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14474)
by Lu Fang Jian Pei Guangtao Zhai Ruiping WangThis two-volume set LNAI 14473-14474 constitutes revised selected papers presented at the Third CAAI International Conference, CICAI 2023, in Fuzhou, China, in July 2023. CICAI is a summit forum in the field of artificial intelligence and the 2023 forum was hosted by Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence (CAAI). The 100 papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 376 submissions. CICAI 2023 conference covers a wide range of of AI generated content, computer vision, machine learning, nature language processing, application of AI, and data mining, amongst others.
Artificial Intelligence: Third CAAI International Conference, CICAI 2023, Fuzhou, China, July 22–23, 2023, Revised Selected Papers, Part I (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14473)
by Lu Fang Jian Pei Guangtao Zhai Ruiping WangThis two-volume set LNAI 14473-14474 constitutes revised selected papers presented at the Third CAAI International Conference, CICAI 2023, in Fuzhou, China, in July 2023. CICAI is a summit forum in the field of artificial intelligence and the 2023 forum was hosted by Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence (CAAI). The 100 papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 376 submissions. CICAI 2023 conference covers a wide range of of AI generated content, computer vision, machine learning, nature language processing, application of AI, and data mining, amongst others.
Artificial Intelligence: Second CAAI International Conference, CICAI 2022, Beijing, China, August 27–28, 2022, Revised Selected Papers, Part I (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13604)
by Lu Fang Daniel Povey Guangtao Zhai Tao Mei Ruiping WangThis three-volume set LNCS 13604-13606 constitutes revised selected papers presented at the Second CAAI International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, held in Beijing, China, in August 2022. CICAI is a summit forum in the field of artificial intelligence and the 2022 forum was hosted by Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence (CAAI).The 164 papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 521 submissions. CICAI aims to establish a global platform for international academic exchange, promote advanced research in AI and its affiliated disciplines such as machine learning, computer vision, natural language, processing, and data mining, amongst others.
Artificial Intelligence: Second CAAI International Conference, CICAI 2022, Beijing, China, August 27–28, 2022, Revised Selected Papers, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13605)
by Lu Fang Daniel Povey Guangtao Zhai Tao Mei Ruiping WangThis three-volume set LNCS 13604-13606 constitutes revised selected papers presented at the Second CAAI International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, held in Beijing, China, in August 2022. CICAI is a summit forum in the field of artificial intelligence and the 2022 forum was hosted by Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence (CAAI). The 164 papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 521 submissions. CICAI aims to establish a global platform for international academic exchange, promote advanced research in AI and its affiliated disciplines such as machine learning, computer vision, natural language, processing, and data mining, amongst others.
Artificial Intelligence: 19th Russian Conference, RCAI 2021, Taganrog, Russia, October 11–16, 2021, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12948)
by Sergei M. Kovalev Sergei O. Kuznetsov Aleksandr I. PanovThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 19th Russian Conference on Artificial Intelligence, RCAI 2021, held in Moscow, Russia, in October 2021. The 19 full papers and 7 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 80 submissions. The conference deals with a wide range of topics, categorized into the following topical headings: cognitive research; data mining, machine learning, classification; knowledge engineering; multi-agent systems and robotics; natural language processing; fuzzy models and soft computer; intelligent systems; and tools for designing intelligent systems.
Artificial Intelligence: 18th Russian Conference, RCAI 2020, Moscow, Russia, October 10–16, 2020, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12412)
by Sergei O. Kuznetsov Aleksandr I. Panov Konstantin S. YakovlevThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 18th Russian Conference on Artificial Intelligence, RCAI 2020, held in Moscow, Russia, in October 2020. The 27 full papers and 8 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 140 submissions. The conference deals with a wide range of topics, including data mining and knowledge discovery, text mining, reasoning, decisionmaking, natural language processing, vision, intelligent robotics, multi-agent systems,machine learning, AI in applied systems, and ontology engineering.
Artificial Intelligence: A Guide for Thinking Humans (Pelican Bks.)
by Melanie MitchellNo recent scientific enterprise has proved as alluring, terrifying, and filled with extravagant promise and frustrating setbacks as artificial intelligence. The award-winning author Melanie Mitchell, a leading computer scientist, now reveals AI’s turbulent history and the recent spate of apparent successes, grand hopes, and emerging fears surrounding it.In Artificial Intelligence, Mitchell turns to the most urgent questions concerning AI today: How intelligent—really—are the best AI programs? How do they work? What can they actually do, and when do they fail? How humanlike do we expect them to become, and how soon do we need to worry about them surpassing us? Along the way, she introduces the dominant models of modern AI and machine learning, describing cutting-edge AI programs, their human inventors, and the historical lines of thought underpinning recent achievements. She meets with fellow experts such as Douglas Hofstadter, the cognitive scientist and Pulitzer Prize–winning author of the modern classic Gödel, Escher, Bach, who explains why he is “terrified” about the future of AI. She explores the profound disconnect between the hype and the actual achievements in AI, providing a clear sense of what the field has accomplished and how much further it has to go. Interweaving stories about the science of AI and the people behind it, Artificial Intelligence brims with clear-sighted, captivating, and accessible accounts of the most interesting and provocative modern work in the field, flavored with Mitchell’s humor and personal observations. This frank, lively book is an indispensable guide to understanding today’s AI, its quest for “human-level” intelligence, and its impact on the future for us all.
Artificial Intelligence: What Is Behind the Technology of the Future?
by Gerhard Paaß Dirk HeckerArtificial Intelligence (AI) is already present in our daily routines, and in the future, we will encounter it in almost every aspect of life – from analyzing X-rays for medical diagnosis, driving autonomous cars, maintaining complex machinery, to drafting essays on environmental problems and drawing imaginative pictures. The potentials of AI are enormous, while at the same time many myths, uncertainties and challenges circulate that need to be tackled. The English translation of the book “Künstliche Intelligenz – Was steckt hinter der Technologie der Zukunft?” originally published in German (Springer Vieweg, 2020), this book is addressed to the general public, from interested citizens to corporate executives who want to develop a better and deeper understanding of AI technologies and assess their consequences. Mathematical basics, terminology, and methods are explained in understandable language. Adaptations to different media such as images, text, and speech and the corresponding generative models are introduced. A concluding discussion of opportunities and challenges helps readers evaluate new developments, demystify them, and assess their relevance for the future.
Artificial Intelligence: Evolution, Ethics and Public Policy
by Saswat Sarangi Pankaj SharmaWhat will the future be? A dystopian landscape controlled by machines or a brave new world full of possibilities? Perhaps the answer lies with Artificial Intelligence (AI)—a phenomenon much beyond technology that has, continues to, and will shape lives in ways we do not understand yet. This book traces the evolution of AI in contemporary history. It analyses how AI is primarily being driven by "capital" as the only "factor of production" and its consequences for the global political economy. It further explores the dystopian prospect of mass unemployment by AI and takes up the ethical aspects of AI and its possible use in undermining natural and fundamental rights. A tract for the times, this volume will be a major intervention in an area that is heavily debated but rarely understood. It will be essential reading for researchers and students of digital humanities, politics, economics, science and technology studies, physics, and computer science. It will also be key reading for policy makers, cyber experts and bureaucrats.
Artificial Intelligence along the Customer Journey: A Customer Experience Perspective
by Ada Maria Barone Emanuela StagnoThe development of several AI solutions has revolutionized the way in which consumers behave. Serving as a guide to the role that AI plays on different aspects of consumers’ life, this book provides a comprehensive understanding of the main artificial intelligence (AI) solutions available in the market. In particular, the authors adopt a customer experience approach to investigate how different AI technologies play a role at different stages of the customer journey (e.g., from pre-purchase to post-purchase decisions). Covering a range of technologies, such as augmented reality, voice assistants, chatbots and robots, readers will be able to learn which strategies and AI solutions are more effective at different stages of the customer journey.
Artificial Intelligence and IoT for Cyber Security Solutions in Smart Cities
by Smita Sharma Manikandan Thirumalaisamy Balamurugan Balusamy Naveen ChilamkurtiThis book offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of cybersecurity in smart cities and explores how AI and IoT technologies can be used to address cybersecurity challenges. It discusses the potential of AI for threat detection, risk assessment, and incident response, as well as the use of IoT sensors for real-time monitoring and data analysis in the context of smart cities. It includes case studies from around the world to provide practical insights into the use of AI and IoT technologies for enhancing cybersecurity in different contexts and highlight the potential benefits of these technologies for improving the resilience and security of smart cities.Key Features: Studies the challenges of and offers relevant solutions to using AI and IoT technologies in cybersecurity in smart cities Examines the unique security risks faced by smart cities, including threats to critical infrastructure, data privacy and security, and the potential for large-scale cyber-attacks Offers practical solutions and case studies to be used to inform policy and practice in this rapidly evolving field Discusses the Fourth Industrial Revolution framework and how smart cities have been a significant part of this manufacturing paradigm Reviews aspects of Society 5.0 based on intelligent smart cities and sustainable issues for the cities of the future Postgraduate students and researchers in the departments of Computer Science, working in the areas of IoT and Smart Cities will find this book useful.
Artificial Intelligence and Its Discontents: Critiques from the Social Sciences and Humanities (Social and Cultural Studies of Robots and AI)
by Ariane HanemaayerOn what basis can we challenge Artificial Intelligence (AI) - its infusion, investment, and implementation across the globe? This book answers this question by drawing on a range of critical approaches from the social sciences and humanities, including posthumanism, ethics and human values, surveillance studies, Black feminism, and other strategies for social and political resistance. The authors analyse timely topics, including bias and language processing, responsibility and machine learning, COVID-19 and AI in health technologies, bio-AI and nanotechnology, digital ethics, AI and the gig economy, representations of AI in literature and culture, and many more. This book is for those who are currently working in the field of AI critique and disruption as well as in AI development and programming. It is also for those who want to learn more about how to doubt, question, challenge, reject, reform and otherwise reprise AI as it been practiced and promoted.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: 32nd Benelux Conference, BNAIC/Benelearn 2020, Leiden, The Netherlands, November 19–20, 2020, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1398)
by Walter A. Kosters Frank W. Takes Jefrey Lijffijt Mitra Baratchi Lu Cao Jan N. van RijnThis book contains a selection of the best papers of the 32nd Benelux Conference on Artificial Intelligence, BNAIC/Benelearn 2020, held in Leiden, The Netherlands, in November 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held online. The 12 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 41 regular submissions. They address various aspects of artificial intelligence such as natural language processing, agent technology, game theory, problem solving, machine learning, human-agent interaction, AI and education, and data analysis.The chapter 11 is published open access under a CC BY license (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License).
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Digital Pathology: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12090)
by Andreas Holzinger Randy Goebel Michael Mengel Heimo MüllerData driven Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in digital pathology, radiology, and dermatology is very promising. In specific cases, for example, Deep Learning (DL), even exceeding human performance. However, in the context of medicine it is important for a human expert to verify the outcome. Consequently, there is a need for transparency and re-traceability of state-of-the-art solutions to make them usable for ethical responsible medical decision support. Moreover, big data is required for training, covering a wide spectrum of a variety of human diseases in different organ systems. These data sets must meet top-quality and regulatory criteria and must be well annotated for ML at patient-, sample-, and image-level. Here biobanks play a central and future role in providing large collections of high-quality, well-annotated samples and data. The main challenges are finding biobanks containing ‘‘fit-for-purpose’’ samples, providing quality related meta-data, gaining access to standardized medical data and annotations, and mass scanning of whole slides including efficient data management solutions.
Artificial Intelligence and Security: 6th International Conference, ICAIS 2020, Hohhot, China, July 17–20, 2020, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12240)
by Xingming Sun Jinwei Wang Elisa BertinoThis two-volume set LNCS 12239-12240 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Security, ICAIS 2020, which was held in Hohhot, China, in July 2020. The conference was formerly called “International Conference on Cloud Computing and Security” with the acronym ICCCS. The total of 142 full papers presented in this two-volume proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 1064 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Artificial intelligence and internet of things. Part II: Internet of things, information security, big data and cloud computing, and information processing.
Artificial Intelligence and Security: 6th International Conference, ICAIS 2020, Hohhot, China, July 17–20, 2020, Proceedings, Part I (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12239)
by Xingming Sun Jinwei Wang Elisa BertinoThis two-volume set LNCS 12239-12240 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Security, ICAIS 2020, which was held in Hohhot, China, in July 2020. The conference was formerly called “International Conference on Cloud Computing and Security” with the acronym ICCCS. The total of 142 full papers presented in this two-volume proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 1064 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Artificial intelligence and internet of things. Part II: Internet of things, information security, big data and cloud computing, and information processing.