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Offshoring and working Conditions in Remote Work
by Jon C. Messenger Naj GhoshehAs organizations seek to reduce costs, there has been a growth in service sector offshoring and outsourcing, notably to developing countries. However, despite a burgeoning literature on this phenomenon, little attention has been given to the working and employment that exist in the growing number of business process outsourcing/IT-enabled services' workplaces in developing countries. The authors Ghosheh and Messenger address this by examining and providing an historical context of the development of the industry, with case study analysis in four countries where the industry is large or growing, and give policy advice from employers to policy makers onhow the growth of 'good quality' jobs can be ensured as these industries grow and mature around the world. "
Offside: Soccer and American Exceptionalism (Princeton Studies in Cultural Sociology #61)
by Andrei S. Markovits Steven L. HellermanSoccer is the world's favorite pastime, a passion for billions around the globe. In the United States, however, the sport is a distant also-ran behind football, baseball, basketball, and hockey. Why is America an exception? And why, despite America's leading role in popular culture, does most of the world ignore American sports in return? Offside is the first book to explain these peculiarities, taking us on a thoughtful and engaging tour of America's sports culture and connecting it with other fundamental American exceptionalisms. In so doing, it offers a comparative analysis of sports cultures in the industrial societies of North America and Europe. The authors argue that when sports culture developed in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, nativism and nationalism were shaping a distinctly American self-image that clashed with the non-American sport of soccer. Baseball and football crowded out the game. Then poor leadership, among other factors, prevented soccer from competing with basketball and hockey as they grew. By the 1920s, the United States was contentedly isolated from what was fast becoming an international obsession. The book compares soccer's American history to that of the major sports that did catch on. It covers recent developments, including the hoopla surrounding the 1994 soccer World Cup in America, the creation of yet another professional soccer league, and American women's global preeminence in the sport. It concludes by considering the impact of soccer's growing popularity as a recreation, and what the future of sports culture in the country might say about U.S. exceptionalism in general.
Ohio Achievement Assessment Coach: Grade 5 Social Studies
by Triumph Learning LlcA handbook, the perfect coach book for all the fifth graders as they aim to improve their social studies skills as it starts with a pretest to determine ones strengths and weakness to point out the areas you need to work on.
Ohnmächtige Weltmacht China: Modernisierung ohne Harmonie (essentials)
by Gerhard Preyer Reuß-Markus KraußeGerhard Preyer und Reuß-Markus Krauße geben einen Einblick in die chinesische Modernisierung und ihren selbstreferenziellen kulturellen Hintergrund seit den 1990er Jahren. Ihr essential skizziert einen Ausblick auf die Probleme ihrer anstehenden Fortführung. Gegenüber verbreiteten Einschätzungen der Rolle Chinas als einer zukünftigen Weltmacht wird dahin gehend argumentiert, dass China aufgrund seiner veränderten Sozialstruktur eine ohnmächtige Weltmacht sein wird. Das führt zu der grundlegenden Fragestellung, welche nicht-westlichen Problemlösungen nach dem chinesischen Wirtschaftswunder zu erwarten sind. Das betrifft auch ihre Auswirkung auf die chinesische Außenpolitik. Das essential gibt eine Hilfestellung für die Einschätzung der Folgeprobleme der weiteren Modernisierung der chinesischen Gesellschaft und für ihre Beobachtung.
Oil Empire: Visions of Prosperity in Austrian Galicia
by Alison Fleig FrankThis study describes the human institutions, traditions, and preoccupations that helped shape the oil industry in the Austrian Empire and contributed as much to its fate as the geological features, the oil that that industry began to exploit a mere century and a half ago.
Oil Shales: A Complete Story
by Miryam Glikson-SimpsonThis book provides thorough knowledge and detailed information of oil shales using a range of conventional and unconventional techniques and methodologies combined to elucidate the composition of oil shale deposits. As these rocks are mined for energy production their composition and mineral constituents are of special interests to individuals and communities that are likely to be effected by these resources when mined and processed. The book highlights the environmental and health hazards of the spent shales after processing. These are significantly greater in volume than the rocks originally mined before processing. Toxic metals tend to double and triple their concentrations in the spent shales and will be leached into water sources and soils.Since oil shales as an energy resource are totally uneconomical; all oil shales, their mining and processing are heavily subsidised by governments and institutions using taxpayers money.
Oil Spaces: Exploring the Global Petroleumscape
by Carola HeinOil Spaces traces petroleum’s impact through a range of territories from across the world, showing how industrially drilled petroleum and its refined products have played a major role in transforming the built environment in ways that are often not visible or recognized. Over the past century and a half, industrially drilled petroleum has powered factories, built cities, and sustained nation-states. It has fueled ways of life and visions of progress, modernity, and disaster. In detailed international case studies, the contributors consider petroleum’s role in the built environment and the imagination. They study how petroleum and its infrastructure have served as a source of military conflict and political and economic power, inspiring efforts to create territories and reshape geographies and national boundaries. The authors trace ruptures and continuities between colonial and postcolonial frameworks, in locations as diverse as Sumatra, northeast China, Brazil, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Kuwait as well as heritage sites including former power stations in Italy and the port of Dunkirk, once a prime gateway through which petroleum entered Europe. By revealing petroleum’s role in organizing and imagining space globally, this book takes up a key task in imagining the possibilities of a post-oil future. It will be invaluable reading to scholars and students of architectural and urban history, planning, and geography of sustainable urban environments.
Oil Wealth and the Poverty of Politics
by Miriam R. LowiHow can we make sense of Algeria's post-colonial experience - the tragedy of unfulfilled expectations, the descent into violence, the resurgence of the state? Oil Wealth and the Poverty of Politics explains why Algeria's domestic political economy unravelled from the mid-1980s, and how the regime eventually managed to regain power and hegemony. Miriam Lowi argues the importance of leadership decisions for political outcomes, and extends the argument to explain the variation in stability in oil-exporting states following economic shocks. Comparing Algeria with Iran, Iraq, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia, she asks why some states break down and undergo regime change, while others remain stable, or manage to re-stabilise after a period of instability. In contrast with exclusively structuralist accounts of the rentier state, this book demonstrates, in a unique and accessible study, that political stability is a function of the way in which structure and agency combine.
Oilscapes of Louisiana: Neopragmatic Reflections on the Ambivalent Aesthetics of Landscape Constructions (RaumFragen: Stadt – Region – Landschaft)
by Olaf Kühne Karsten Berr Lara KoegstOilscapes are to be understood as an aestheticized synthesis of objects of extraction, distribution, processing, and consumption of petroleum and petroleum-derived products. Based on the concept of neopragmatic landscape research, this book addresses questions of the social construction of the relationship between the petrochemical industry and the landscape, as well as individual interpretations and evaluations in this regard. The particular focus is on exploring the possibilities and limits of aesthetic experience of oilscapes as well as the categorizations, interpretations, and evaluations of these aesthetic outcomes. In recourse to the neopragmatic tradition, to the thinking of Richard Rorty, the engagement with ‘sensory induced cognition' is carried out from the stance of irony, directed in particular at the discourse community possessing 'expert special knowledge', with a special focus on methods of representation that are innovative in the context of spatial science. The study area for assessing this approach is Louisiana (United States), which – being spatially quite diverse – has been intensively shaped for more than a century by the activities of the petrochemical industry, as well as its unintended health and ecological side effects.
Ojibwe Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look in All Directions
by Thomas Peacock Marlene WisuriOjibwe Waasa Inaabidaa is a uniquely personal history of the Ojibwe culture by Ojibwe educator Thomas Peacock. This illustrated book is the story of how the Ojibwe people and their ways have continued to survive, and even thrive, from pre-contact times to the present.
Old Age and Political Behavior: A Case Study
by Frank A. PinnerThis title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1959.
Old Age in Nineteenth-Century Ireland
by Chris GilleardUsing a combination of statistical analysis of census material and social history, this book describes the ageing of Ireland's population from the start of the Union up to the introduction of the old age pension in 1908. It examines the changing demography of the country following the Famine and the impact this had on household and family structure. It explores the growing problem of late life poverty and the residualisation of the aged sick and poor in the workhouse. Despite slow improvements in many areas of life for the young and the working classes, the book argues that for the aged the union was a period of growing immiseration, brought surprisingly to an end by the unheralded introduction of the old age pension.
Old Age: Older Citizens And Political Processes In Britain (Key Ideas)
by John VincentRecent decades have seen a fundamental change in the age structure of many western societies. In these societies it is now common for a fifth to a quarter of the population to be retired, for fewer babies to be born than is required to sustain the size of the population and for life expectancy to exceed eighty years old. This book provides an overview of the key issues arising from this demographic change.
Old People in Three Industrial Societies (Growing Old Ser.)
by Peter Townsend Ethel Shanas Dorothy Wedderburn Henning Kristian Friis Poul Milhoj Jan StehouwerRobert and Helen Lynd's Middletown set the format in sociological theory and practice for hundreds of studies in the decades following its publication in 1929. Old People in Three Industrial Societies may well set similar standards for studies in its fi eld for many years to come. In addition to achieving a signifi cant breakthrough in the progress of socio logical research techniques, the book offers a monumental cross-cultural exposition of the health, family relationships, and social and economic status of the aged in three countries-the United States, Britain, and Denmark.
Old School: Life in the Sane Lane
by Bruce Feirstein Bill O'Reilly<P>Old School is in session....You have probably heard the term Old School, but what you might not know is that there is a concentrated effort to tear that school down.It’s a values thing. The anti–Old School forces believe the traditional way of looking at life is oppressive. Not inclusive. The Old School way may harbor microaggressions. Therefore, Old School philosophy must be diminished. <P>Those crusading against Old School now have a name: Snowflakes. You may have seen them on cable TV whining about social injustice and income inequality. You may have heard them cheering Bernie Sanders as he suggested the government pay for almost everything. The Snowflake movement is proud and loud, and they don’t like Old School grads.So where are you in all this? <P>Did you get up this morning knowing there are mountains to climb—and deciding how you are going to climb them? Do you show up on time? Do you still bend over to pick up a penny? If so, you’re Old School. <P>Or did you wake up whining about safe spaces and trigger warnings? Do you feel marginalized by your college’s mascot? Do you look for something to get outraged about, every single day, so you can fire off a tweet defending your exquisitely precious sensibilities? Then you’re a Snowflake. <P>So again, are you drifting frozen precipitation? Or do you matriculate at the Old School fountain of wisdom?This book will explain the looming confrontation so even the ladies on The View can understand it. Time to take a stand. Old School or Snowflake. Which will it be? <P><b>A New York Times Bestseller</b>
Old Ways for New Days: Indigenous Survival and Agency in Climate Changed Times (SpringerBriefs in Climate Studies)
by Robert Palmer Melissa Nursey-Bray Ann Marie Chischilly Phil Rist Lun YinThis Open Access book provides a critical reflection into how indigenous cultures are attempting to adapt to climate change. Through detailed first-hand accounts, the book describes the unique challenges facing indigenous peoples in the context of climate change adaptation, governance, communication strategies, and institutional pressures. The book shows how current climate change terminologies and communication strategies often perpetuate the marginalisation of indigenous peoples and suggests that new approaches that prioritise Indigenous voices, agency and survival are required. The book first introduces readers to Indigenous peoples and their struggles related to climate change, describing the impacts of climate change on their everyday lives and the adaptation strategies currently undertaken to address them. These strategies are then detailed through case studies which focus on how Indigenous knowledge and practices have been used to respond to and cope with climate change in a variety of environments, including urban settings. The book discusses specific governance challenges facing Indigenous peoples, and presents new methods for engagement that will bridge existing communication gaps to ensure Indigenous peoples are central to the implementation of climate change adaptation measures. This book is intended for an audience of Indigenous peoples, adaptation practitioners, academics, students, policy makers and government workers.
Old World Traits Transpl:Esc V (The\making Of Sociology Ser.)
by Robert E. Park Herbert A. MillerFirst published in 2003. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Old and Alone: A Sociological Study of Old People (Routledge Library Editions: Aging)
by Jeremy TunstallWhat is it like to be an isolated old widow, living alone on the bare old-age pension? In the 1960s, the question had become a standard refrain. Originally published in 1966, this was the first full-length study by a sociologist of isolation in old age.Although the majority of old people were in no sense a problem group at the time, a substantial minority of the elderly were ‘alone’ in one or more ways. About 1.3 million people aged sixty-five and over in Britain lived alone; a large number admitted to feeling lonely, at least sometime. About a million were actually socially isolated in terms of low level and frequency of social contact. Mr Tunstall also uses a fourth category of aloneness – namely anomie (as developed by Durkheim, Merton, and Srole).This report uses careful and statistical analysis of the four types of aloneness and of specially affected groups such as the single, the recently widowed, and the housebound. But it also includes details of interviews with ten highly individual old people from suburban Harrow, booming Northampton, industrial revolution Oldham, and rural South Norfolk.The book contains a discussion of the problem of personality in isolation, and a commentary on the inadequacies of social theory about old age. Finally, the concluding chapter suggests a wide variety of policy measures which might help to alleviate social isolation in old age.
Old and New Media after Katrina
by Diane NegraOn the fifth anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, this book examines the television coverage of September, 2005, and the manifestation of its legacy in a range of other media forms.
Old and New Perspectives on Mortality Forecasting (Demographic Research Monographs)
by Tommy Bengtsson Nico KeilmanThis open access book describes methods of mortality forecasting and discusses possible improvements. It contains a selection of previously unpublished and published papers, which together provide a state-of-the-art overview of statistical approaches as well as behavioural and biological perspectives. The different parts of the book provide discussions of current practice, probabilistic forecasting, the linearity in the increase of life expectancy, causes of death, and the role of cohort factors. The key question in the book is whether it is possible to project future mortality accurately, and if so, what is the best approach. This makes the book a valuable read to demographers, pension planners, actuaries, and all those interested and/or working in modelling and forecasting mortality.
Old-Fashioned Modernism: Rural Masculinity and Midwestern Literature
by Andy OlerThe Midwest holds two conflicting positions in the American cultural imagination, both of which rob the region of its distinctiveness. Often, it is seen as the “heartland,” a pastoral ideal standing in for all of American culture. Alternatively, the Midwest can represent “flyover country,” part of an expansive, undifferentiated mass between the coasts. In Old-Fashioned Modernism: Rural Masculinity and Midwestern Literature, Andy Oler challenges both views by pairing fiction and poetry from the region with cultural and material texts that illustrate the processes by which regional modernism both opposes and absorbs prevailing models of twentieth-century manhood. Although it acknowledges a tradition of Midwestern urban literature, Old-Fashioned Modernism focuses on representations of life on farms and in small towns that generate specific forms of rural modernity. Oler considers a series of male protagonists who both fulfill and resist conventional American narratives of economic advancement, spatial experience, and gender roles. The writers he studies portray the onset of socioeconomic and mechanical modernity by merging realist and naturalist narratives with upwellings of modernist form and style. His analysis charts a trajectory in which Midwestern literature depicts experiences that appear dependent on nostalgic pastoralism but actually foreground the ongoing fragmentation and emerging anxieties of the countryside. In detailed readings of novels by Sherwood Anderson, William Cunningham, Langston Hughes, Wright Morris, and Dawn Powell, as well as the poetry of Lorine Niedecker, Oler highlights images of men from the rural Midwest who face the tensions between agricultural production and mass industrialization. These works of literature, which Oler examines alongside pieces of material culture like advertisements for farm implements and record labels, feature communities that support self-made as well as corporate identities. As portraits of the Midwest that resist the totalizing trajectory of industrialization, these texts generate spaces that meld rural and urban economics, land use, and affective experiences. Old-Fashioned Modernism reveals how Midwestern regionalism negotiates the anxieties and dominant narratives of early- and midcentury rural masculinities, as regional literature and culture alter the forms and spaces of literary modernism.
Older African American Women: Systematic Racism, Health Disparities, and Caregiving Responsibilities (Routledge Research in Race and Ethnicity)
by Dorothy Smith-Ruiz Marcia J. Watson-Vandiver Debra C. SmithAfrican American women have disproportionally high prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates for most health conditions in comparison to White women. This book will explore some of the reasons for these disparities including problems within the health care system and societal institutions.The disproportionally high number of COVID-19 deaths in the African American population, especially among African American women, have brought renewed attention to historical racial inequality and the role it plays in the daily lives of American women and black families in general. Recommendations incorporate practical implications of this research including identifying social and financial supports unique to older African American women and determining strategies to strengthen the health needs of African American families, which is also paramount to addressing economic, social and racial disparities of this population.Drawing on data from a variety of sources, this book applies a systematic racism and intersectionality approach to how various social, demographic, economic, and health variables influence the outcomes and the overall health status of older African American women. As such, it will appeal to scholars in Sociology, Social Work, Nursing, Gerontology, Social Policy, Racial and Inequality Studies, African American Studies, Justice Studies, Culture, Ethnicity and Health Studies, and Public Health.
Older Employee's Motivation to Learn and Readiness for Training: Assistance for Leaders in the Context of Agile Personnel Management (essentials)
by Gernot Schiefer Corinna HoffmannThe motivation of older employees to learn is a complex psychological construct that has hardly been addressed to date. In times of demographic change, it is of central importance to motivate older employees for continuous training in order to keep them employable. With increasing age, changes in learning and performance as well as a decreasing motivation for further vocational training become apparent. Gernot Schiefer and Corinna Hoffmann show connections between motivation, performance and learning behavior and analyze motivational factors and learning obstacles of older employees. In a practical manner, the authors present possibilities for companies to actively contribute to promoting the learning motivation of their older employees.The Authors:Prof. Dr. Gernot Schiefer teaches business psychology and human resource management at the FOM University of Applied Sciences in Mannheim and works as a coach and consultant. Corinna Hoffmann, M. Sc. works in the human resources department of an international consumer goods manufacturer.This Springer essential is a translation of the original German 1st edition essentials, Lernmotivation und Weiterbildungsbereitschaft älterer Mitarbeiter by Gernot Schiefer and Corinna Hoffmann, published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Springer Nature in 2019. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically different from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.
Older People in Modern Society (Longman Social Policy In Britain Series)
by Anthea TinkerOlder People in Modern Society is an established classic text in its field and through subsequent editions its reputation and that of its author has grown. In this fourth and renamed edition, Anthea Tinker synthesises and discusses a wide range of literature about older people, drawing from fields such as medicine, sociology and social policy and using primary source material to illustrate the text. She also introduces a number of topics that have attained greater importance since publication of the third edition in 1992, for example, continuing care and the abuse of older people.
Older South Asian Migrant Women’s Experiences of Ageing in the UK: Intersectional Feminist Perspectives
by Nafhesa AliDrawing on empirical research with older South Asian migrant women, this book puts forth new understandings on how older, settled, migrant women construct and understand age through recollections of key life course events that are structured around gendered positions. Divesting from a Western-centric view and applying a decolonial and Black feminist lens to ageing, the author presents intersectionality and transnational positionality as useful tools to connect old age, migration and memory in critical studies on aging. Chapters flesh out life course memories at different key stages and examines how the intersections of multiple markers of identity (race, gender, language, immigration status, age, etc.) shape how older South Asian migrant women understand and experience their lives. This book will be of interest to scholars with a focus on Gender Studies, Migration Studies, Ageing Studies, and Mobility Studies.