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Situations and Speech Acts: Toward a Formal Semantics of Discourse (RLE: Discourse Analysis)
by David A. EvansFirst published in 1985, this book aims to develop an approach to speech acts that has the virtue of being straight-forward, explicit, formal and flexible enough to accommodate many of the more general problems of interactive verbal communication. The first chapter introduces situation semantics with the second addressing the assumptions implied by the problem of representing speaker intentionality. The third chapter presents a streamlined theory of speech acts and the fourth tests the predictions of the theory in several hypothetical discourse situations. A summary and suggestions for further research is provided in chapter five, and appendices facilitate reference to key concepts.
Situationsanalyse: Grounded Theory nach dem Postmodern Turn (Interdisziplinäre Diskursforschung)
by Adele ClarkeDie Situationsanalyse schließt an den Grounded Theory-Ansatz an, erweitert ihn und eröffnet neue Perspektiven für die qualitative Forschung in den Sozial- und Geisteswissenschaften, die Professionsforschung sowie verwandte Arbeitsfelder. Die Situationsanalyse verknüpft Diskurs und Handeln, Handlung und Struktur, Bild, Schrift und die historische Dimension der Phänomene zu "dichten Analysen". Die Situation selbst wird zum analytischen Schwerpunkt. Die Situationsanalyse bietet damit hilfreiche neue Ansätze für sozialwissenschaftliche Forschungsdesigns und Datenerfassungen. Sie wird in vielen Ländern eingesetzt.
Six Decades of Indonesia-China Relations: An Indonesian Perspective
by Lidya Christin SinagaThis book analyses the relations between Indonesia and China in the regional dynamics of Southeast Asia. The rising China has influenced global and regional constellations, and also has direct impacts for Indonesia. While this fact should be viewed as an opportunity that needs to be fully utilised for the benefit of national development of Indonesia, we should also prepare for the threats embedded in this development, especially from the service and labour sectors. As such, this book suggests that equal positions in relations between Indonesia and China are absolutely necessary, since both countries need each other in their efforts to maintain the continuity of their development. It also argues that to further strengthen its position in relation to China in the future, Indonesia's diplomacy requires an integrated grand design that supports the creation of economic and political power in the face of the emergence of China's economic and military power.
Six Legs Better: A Cultural History of Myrmecology (Animals, History, Culture)
by Charlotte SleighThis “provocative, complex” cultural history examines how the study of ants influenced shifting perceptions of humanity in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries (Times Literary Supplement, UK).Ants long have fascinated linguists, human sociologists, and even cyberneticians. At the end of the nineteenth century, ants seemed to be admirable models for human life and were praised for their work ethic, communitarianism, and apparent empathy. They provided a natural-theological lesson on the relative importance of humans within creation and inspired psychologists to investigate the question of instinct and its place in the life of higher animals and humans. By the 1930s, however, ants came to symbolize one of modernity’s deepest fears: the loss of selfhood. Researchers then viewed the ant colony as an unthinking mass, easily ruled and slavishly organized.In this volume, Charlotte Sleigh uses specific representations of ants within the field of entomology from the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries to explore the broader role of metaphors in science and their often unpredictable translations. Six Legs Better demonstrates the remarkable historical role played by ants as a node where notions of animal, human, and automaton intersect.
Six Minutes for the Patient: Interactions in general practice consultation
by Enid Balint J S NorellTavistock Press was established as a co-operative venture between the Tavistock Institute and Routledge & Kegan Paul (RKP) in the 1950s to produce a series of major contributions across the social sciences. This volume is part of a 2001 reissue of a selection of those important works which have since gone out of print, or are difficult to locate. Published by Routledge, 112 volumes in total are being brought together under the name The International Behavioural and Social Sciences Library: Classics from the Tavistock Press. Reproduced here in facsimile, this volume was originally published in 1973 and is available individually. The collection is also available in a number of themed mini-sets of between 5 and 13 volumes, or as a complete collection.
Six Plays
by Romulus LinneyUniquely adept at capturing the idiomatic poetry of his native South, Linney maneuvers with equal grace through the vernacular of New York's contemporary intelligentsia and the voices of a wide range of historical figures. "...one of our most perceptive chroniclers of the folkways of rural America, finding humanity and nobility in the most remote of places."--Mel Gussow, The New York Times
Six Simple Rules: How to Manage Complexity without Getting Complicated
by Yves Morieux Peter TollmanNew tools for managing complexityDoes your organization manage complexity by making things more complicated? If so, you are not alone.<P><P>According to The Boston Consulting Group's fascinating Complexity Index, business complexity has increased sixfold during the past sixty years. And, all the while, organizational complicatedness-that is, the number of structures, processes, committees, decision-making forums, and systems-has increased by a whopping factor of thirty-five. In their attempt to respond to the increasingly complex performance requirements they face, company leaders have created an organizational labyrinth that makes it more and more difficult to improve productivity and to pursue innovation. It also disengages and demotivates the workforce.Clearly it's time for leaders to stop trying to manage complexity with their traditional tools and instead better leverage employees' intelligence. This book shows you how and explains the implications for designing and leading organizations.The way to manage complexity, the authors argue, is neither with the hard solutions of another era nor with the soft solutions-such as team building and feel-good "people initiatives"-that often follow in their wake. Based on social sciences (notably economics, game theory, and organizational sociology) and The Boston Consulting Group's work with more than five hundred companies in more than forty countries and in various industries, authors Yves Morieux and Peter Tollman recommend six simple rules to manage complexity without getting complicated.Showing why the rules work and how to put them into practice, Morieux and Tollman give managers a much-needed tool to reinvigorate people in the face of seemingly endless complexity. Included are detailed examples from companies that have achieved a multiplicative effect on performance by using them.It's time to manage complexity better. Employ these six simple rules to foster autonomy and cooperation and to effectively handle business complexity. As a result, you will improve productivity, innovate more, reengage your workforce, and seize opportunities to create competitive advantage.
Six Tragedies (Oxford World's Classics)
by Emily Wilson Seneca Corporation StaffHere is a lively, readable, and accurate verse translation of the six best plays by one of the most influential of all classical Latin writers--the only tragic playwright from ancient Rome whose work survives. Tutor to the emperor Nero, Seneca lived through uncertain, oppressive, and violent times, and his dramas depict the extremes of human behavior. Rape, suicide, child-murder, incestuous love, madness, and mutilation afflict the characters, who are obsessed and destroyed by their feelings. Seneca forces us to think about the difference between compromise and hypocrisy, about what happens when emotions overwhelm judgment, and about how a person can be good, calm, or happy in a corrupt society and under constant threat of death. In addition to her superb translation, Emily Wilson provides an invaluable introduction which offers a succinct account of Seneca's life and times, his philosophical beliefs, the literary form of the plays, and their immense influence on European literature. The book also includes an up-to-date bibliography and explanatory notes which identify mythological allusions.
Sixteen Million One: Understanding Civil War (International Studies Intensives Ser.)
by Patrick M. ReganSixteen million people have died in civil wars in the past 50 years. In view of that, civil wars may be the single most destabilizing force in world politics today. The only greater killer is the suffering that pushes individuals into them. Civil wars create regional and global instability that threatens economic initiatives and political continuity. Preventing civil wars is a challenge that the policy community is ill-equipped to handle. Rwanda is an example-a tragedy that the world did nothing to stop. Iraq and Afghanistan are tragedies the world did much to inflame. This book uses argument, evidence, and intuition born of experience to provide an account of civil wars and the steps we can take to reduce them.
Sixth Form and College Entrance (International Library of Sociology)
by Raymond MorrisThis is Volume XXI of twenty-eight in the Sociology of Education Series. Originally published in 1969, since the war, and especially over the last decade, everyday interest in higher education has been increasing rapidly. Public interest has pinpointed a variety of practical problems implicit in the rapid postwar expansion of higher education. This book examines some of these through a study of the transition from sixth form to further education, and raises such concerns as academic wastage and the influence of social factors on chances of success.
Sixties Ireland
by Mary E. DalyThis provocative new history of Ireland during the long 1960s exposes the myths of Ireland's modernisation. Mary E. Daly questions traditional interpretations which see these years as a time of prosperity when Irish society – led by a handful of key modernisers – abandoned many of its traditional values in its search for economic growth. Setting developments in Ireland in a wider European context, Daly shows instead that claims for the economic transformation of Ireland are hugely questionable: Ireland remained one of the poorest countries in western Europe until the end of the twentieth century. Contentious debates in later years over contraception, divorce, and national identity demonstrated continuities with the past that long survived the 1960s. Spanning the period from Ireland's economic rebirth in the 1950s to its entry into the EEC in 1973, this is a comprehensive reinterpretation of a critical period in Irish history with clear parallels for Ireland today.
Sixty Miles Upriver: Gentrification and Race in a Small American City
by Richard E. OcejoAn unvarnished portrait of gentrification in an underprivileged, majority-minority small cityNewburgh is a small postindustrial city of some twenty-eight thousand people located sixty miles north of New York City in the Hudson River Valley. Like many other similarly sized cities across America, it has been beset with poverty and crime after decades of decline, with few opportunities for its predominantly minority residents. Sixty Miles Upriver tells the story of how Newburgh started gentrifying, describing what happens when White creative professionals seek out racially diverse and working-class communities and revealing how gentrification is increasingly happening outside large city centers in places where it unfolds in new ways.As New York City&’s housing market becomes too expensive for even the middle class, many urbanites are bypassing the suburbs and moving to smaller cities like Newburgh, where housing is affordable and historic. Richard Ocejo takes readers into the lives of these newcomers, examining the different ways they navigate racial difference and inequality among Newburgh&’s much less privileged local residents, and showing how stakeholders in the city&’s revitalization reframe themselves and gentrification to cast the displacement they cause to minority groups in a positive light.An intimate exploration of the moral dilemma at the heart of gentrification, Sixty Miles Upriver explains how progressive White gentrifiers justify controversial urban changes as morally good, and how their actions carry profound and lasting consequences for vulnerable residents of color.
Sixty Years of Visible Protest in the Disability Struggle for Equality, Justice, and Inclusion (Elements in Contentious Politics)
by David PettinicchioVisible protests reflect both continuity and change. This Element illustrates how protest around longstanding issues and grievances is punctuated by movement dynamics as well as broader cultural and institutional environments. The disability movement is an example of how activist networks and groups strategically adapt to opportunity and threat, linking protest waves to the development of issue politics. The Element examines sixty years of protest across numerous issue areas that matter for disability including social welfare, discrimination, transportation, healthcare, and media portrayals. Situating visible protest in this way provides a more nuanced picture of cycles of contention as they relate to political and organizational processes, strategies and tactics, and short-and-long-term outcomes. It also provides clues about why protest ebbs and flows, when and how protest matters, who it matters for, and for what.
Skate Life: Re-Imagining White Masculinity
by Emily Chivers Yochim"Intellectually deft and lively to read,Skate Lifeis an important addition to the literature on youth cultures, contemporary masculinity, and the role of media in identity formation. " ---Janice A. Radway, Northwestern University, author of Reading the Romance: Women, Patriarchy, and Popular Literature. "With her elegant research design and sophisticated array of anthropological and media studies approaches, Emily Chivers Yochim has produced one of the best books about race, gender, and class that I have read in the last ten years. In a moment where celebratory studies of youth, youth subcultures, and their relationship to media abound, this book stands as a brilliantly argued analysis of the limitations of youth subcultures and their ambiguous relationship to mainstream commercial culture. " ---Ellen Seiter, University of Southern California. "Yochim has made a valuable contribution to media and cultural studies as well as youth and American studies by conducting this research and by coining the phrase 'corresponding cultures,' which conceptualizes the complex and dynamic processes skateboarders employ to negotiate their identities as part of both mainstream and counter-cultures. " ---JoEllen Fisherkeller, New York University. Skate Life examines how young male skateboarders use skate culture media in the production of their identities. Emily Chivers Yochim offers a comprehensive ethnographic analysis of an Ann Arbor, Michigan, skateboarding community, situating it within a larger historical examination of skateboarding's portrayal in mainstream media and a critique of mainstream, niche, and locally produced media texts (such as, for example,Jackass,Viva La Bam, and Dogtown and Z-Boys). The book uses these elements to argue that adolescent boys can both critique dominant norms of masculinity and maintain the power that white heterosexual masculinity offers. Additionally, Yochim uses these analyses to introduce the notion of "corresponding cultures," conceptualizing the ways in which media audiences both argue with and incorporate mediated images into their own ideas about identity. In a strong combination of anthropological and media studies approaches,Skate Life asks important questions of the literature on youth and provides new ways of assessing how young people create their identities. Emily Chivers Yochim is Assistant Professor in the Department of Communication Arts, Allegheny College.
Skateboard Video: Archiving the City from Below
by Duncan McDuie-RaThis book is about skateboard video and experimental ways of thinking about cities. It makes a provocative argument to consider skate video as an archive of the city from below. Here ‘below’ has a dual meaning. First, below refers to an unofficial archive, a subaltern history of urban space. Second, below refers to the angle from which skateboarders and filmers gaze upon, capture, and consume the city—from the ground up. Since taking to the streets in the early 1980s, skateboarding has been captured on film, video tape and digital memory cards, edited into consumable forms and circulated around the world. Videos are objects amenable to ethnographic analysis while also archiving exercises in urban ethnography by their creators. I advocate for taking skate video seriously as a (fragile) archive of the urban backstage, collective memory across time and space, creative urban practice, urban encounters (people-to-people and people-to-object/s), and the globalization of a subculture at once delinquent and magnificent.
Skateboarding and Religion
by Paul O'ConnorThis book explores the ways in which religion is observed, performed, and organised in skateboard culture. Drawing on scholarship from the sociology of religion and the cultural politics of lifestyle sports, this work combines ethnographic research with media analysis to argue that the rituals of skateboarding provide participants with a rich cultural canvas for emotional and spiritual engagement. Paul O’Connor contends that religious identification in skateboarding is set to increase as participants pursue ways to both control and engage meaningfully with an activity that has become an increasingly mainstream and institutionalised sport. Religion is explored through the themes of myth, celebrity, iconography, pilgrimage, evangelism, cults, and self-help.
Skateboarding and the Senses: Skills, Surfaces, and Spaces (Routledge Focus on Sport, Culture and Society)
by Brian Glenney Sander HölsgensThis book presents a new perspective on skateboarding, centred on the senses, skill acquisition, embodiment, and the concept of "city craft".Skateboarding and the Senses traces how skaters use their skilled bodies to bring vitality to contested spaces. Building on sensory anthropology, the book draws connections between the diverse ways skaters move and their boundless drive for social action – from rebellious interventionism to a critical engagement with sportification and the Olympics. Coalescing around skateboarding’s pedagogy of enskilment, the book examines what to make of the skater’s way of sensing the city, of their bruised heels and scabbed elbows and of their sensory attunement to their friends and foes. Grounded in historical, anthropological, and phenomenological theories of body and space, it examines how skaters acquire somatic knowledge and socio-emotional resilience through their sonic and vibratory experience of the city streets. This sensory anthropology of skateboarding reveals new insights into its long arc of subculture, lifestyle, and sport.This is essential reading for anybody with an interest in the sociology, culture or history of sport, urban geographies, sensory studies, or social and cultural anthropology.
Skateboarding, Power and Change
by Indigo Willing Anthony PappalardoThis book explores how cultural, social and political change happens through a unique analysis of the ‘ethical turn’ in skateboarding today. Insights shared by key change-makers and industry insiders cover themes including First Nations, Black and People of Color, skater-run creative innovations, anti-colonialism, anti-racism initiatives, and a growing focus on equity and empowering skaters historically discriminated against due to gender and/or sexuality. These dynamic changes are also connected to conceptual and theoretical frameworks from skate research, journalism, and sociology. This is a must-read for anyone interested in subcultures and social change.
Skating on Thin Ice: Professional Hockey, Rape Culture, and Violence against Women
by Martin D. Schwartz Walter DeKeseredy Stu CowanSkating on Thin Ice exposes the culture of toxic masculinity in professional hockey and suggests how sport and society can change the narrative on sexual assault and violence. Why is it that professional sports, and notably hockey, remain a bastion for rape culture and violence against women? What are the conditions that allow a culture of toxic masculinity to persist despite awakenings elsewhere in society? What is the path forward, and how do we make officials, coaches, and athletes accountable? Drawing on decades of award-winning sociological research and sports journalism, Walter S. DeKeseredy, Martin D. Schwartz, and veteran sportswriter Stu Cowan find answers to these questions in Skating on Thin Ice. The book examines the abusive, misogynistic, racist, and homophobic behaviors found in professional hockey and explains the larger societal forces that perpetuate and legitimate these harms. Confirming a recent federal government inquiry into Hockey Canada’s handling of sexual assault allegations, the book reveals that young men enter the NHL and other revenue-generating hockey leagues already trained and primed to treat women as objects – and often to commit violent acts against them. Rooted in the authors’ work in the sports world as well as their work with activists and governments, Skating on Thin Ice doesn’t just highlight the problem of hockey and rape culture, it also provides collaborative solutions for fixing it.
Sketches from a Life
by George F. KennanWritten originally as a series of entries in a travel diary and now considered one of the important memoirs of the time, national bestseller "Sketches from a Life" is Kennan's, impressionistic record of his experiences with 20th-century history.
Sketching Theoretical Biology: Toward a Theoretical Biology, Volume 2
by Wilhelmina A. LeighThe purpose of this volume is to bring together a number of elements that would be useful in the construction of a coherent and comprehensive theory of biology. Based on the assumption that living systems represent some kind of "organized complexity," the collection discusses meaningful ways of formulating two basic questions: what is the nature of this complexity; and, what are the principles of its organization?The question always asked about biological theory is whether or not it constitutes useful scientific theory. Because many useful biological theories cannot yet be made explicit in terms of conventional physics, Sketching Theoretical Biology illustrates the types of questions in biology that correspond to the types of issues discussed in theoretical physics.This book, originally published in 1969, centers around a vigorous debate on the role played by metaphysical beliefs in determining scientific attitudes. The discussion covers heredity and evolution, cognitive processes and control processes, general property of hierarchies, and the current status of neo-Darwinism. Contributors include theoretical physicists, philosophers, neuroscientists, theoretical chemists, computer scientists, chemical engineers, geneticists and molecular biologists.
Sketching a Place for Education in Times of Learning (Contemporary Philosophies And Theories In Education Ser. #10)
by Society Laboratory For EducationThis book explores how traditional institutions of education are affected by the current discourse and practices of ‘learning’; and more specifically, how the evolution towards so-called ‘learning environments’ affects the kind of gathering or association that is staged and configured within families, schools and universities. In addition, it addresses the question of how to articulate what is educational in the context of ‘making’ family, school or university, and to what extent this making is always also a public act. The aim is to approach and investigate family, school and university as educational practices, to focus on the forms of gatherings or associations that take shape within them, and to explore the public, but also possible ‘privatizing’ character of these aspects. The book presents a diverse range of sketches intended as preparatory study exercises. What they all share, despite the different hands and eyes, and the different sensitivities, is the attempt to figure out what education is all about. Three objectives can be distinguished for the sketches: a cartographic one (to map the discourse of learning but also the discursive and material arrangements of actual educational practices), a morphological one (to describe the educational forms of gathering) and a theoretical one (to bring educational issues into the discussion). The book’s overall aims are to re-establish ‘the educational’ as an issue; to make it visible, to give it shape, to give it a voice, and to make it a thing that can and should be discussed, thus establishing a point of departure for further inquiry and its (re)invention.
Sketching in Human Computer Interaction: A Practical Guide to Sketching Theory and Application
by Makayla Lewis Miriam SturdeeSketching is a universal activity that first appears when we play as children, but later, it is often overlooked as a useful skill in adult work – yet it can bring multiple benefits to research and practice in multiple domains. Specifically, Human Computer Interaction embraces interdisciplinary practices, and amongst those, sketching has proven to be a valuable addition to the skill set of researchers, practitioners, and educators in both academia and industry. Many individuals lack the confidence to take up pen and paper after years of non-practice, but it is possible to re-learn these lost skills, improve on them, and apply them in practical ways to all areas of work and research. This book takes the reader on an active journey in sketching: from scribbles and playful interpretations to hands-on practical applications in storyboarding, and further, in examining qualitative analysis using sketching practice in HCI. Readers will learn a wide range of techniques andapplied methods for utilizing sketching within the context of HCI, guided by the experienced authors, and join the larger community of those who employ (and enjoy) sketching in Human Computer Interaction.
Skill Acquisition and Training: Achieving Expertise in Simple and Complex Tasks
by Addie Johnson Robert W. ProctorSkill Acquisition and Training describes the building blocks of cognitive, motor, and teamwork skills, and the factors to take into account in training them. The basic processes of perception, cognition and action that provide the foundation for understanding skilled performance are discussed in the context of complex task requirements, individual differences, and extreme environmental demands. The role of attention in perceiving, selecting, and becoming aware of information, in learning new information, and in performance is described in the context of specific skills.A theme throughout this book is that much learning is implicit; the types of knowledge and relations that can profitably be learned implicitly and the conditions under which this learning benefits performance are discussed. The question of whether skill acquisition in cognitive domains shares underlying mechanisms with the acquisition of perceptual and motor skills is also addressed with a view to identifying commonalities that allow for widely applicable, general theories of skill acquisition. Because the complexity of real-world environments puts demands on the individual to adapt to new circumstances, the question of how skills research can be applied to organizational training contexts is an important one. To address this, this book dedicates much content to practical applications, covering such issues as how training needs can be captured with task and job analyses and how to maximize training transfer by taking trainee self-efficacy and goal orientation into account.This comprehensive yet readable textbook is optimized for students of cognitive psychology looking to understand the intricacies of skill acquisition.
Skill Training in Multimodal Virtual Environments (Human Factors and Ergonomics)
by Daniel Gopher Massimo Bergamasco BenoÎt BardyThe advent of augmented reality technologies used to assist human operators in complex manipulative operations-has brought an urgency to research into the modeling and training of human skills in Virtual Environments. However, modeling a specific act still represents a challenge in cognitive science. The same applies for the control of humanoid rob