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Techniciens de l'organisation sociale: la réorganisation de l'assistance catholique privée à Montréal (1930-1974)
by Amélie BourbeauEarly in the Great Depression, English and French business leaders in Montreal presided over the reorganization and rationalization of Catholic charities in their communities with the blessing, but not the active participation, of the Church. Thus started a decades-long transition from religious charity to public welfare, from largely volunteer work to professional social work, from charity provided by alms to private assistance financed by centralized, large-scale campaigns. Focusing on the Fédération des Œuvres de charité canadiennes-françaises and the Federation of Catholic Charities, Amélie Bourbeau analyzes organizational records, newspapers, government reports, and personal papers to provide new insights into the history of Catholic charities in Montreal. Far from experiencing a linear development, Bourbeau argues, both francophone and anglophone federations were sites of experimentation and innovation, but also conflict - between volunteers and professionals, laypeople and clergy, traditional charity and modern assistance, and sometimes between the communities and the federations themselves - as they evolved towards their current affiliation with state-run social work. From the Great Depression through to the Quiet Revolution, citizenship, the role of the state, and the meanings of religion and language were all subjects of dramatic debate and change in Quebec. By looking closely at the history of social assistance, Techniciens de l’organisation sociale provides a new vantage point from which to understand these transformations.
Technik sozialisieren? / Technology Socialisation?: Soziale Angemessenheit für technische Systeme / Social Appropriateness and Artificial Systems (Techno:Phil – Aktuelle Herausforderungen der Technikphilosophie #10)
by Bruno Gransche Jacqueline Bellon Sebastian Nähr-WagenerAnwendungen Künstlicher Intelligenz, Maschinellen Lernens sowie Robotik und weitere informatische Systeme spielen in immer mehr Bereichen der menschlichen Lebenswelt eine immer wichtigere Rolle. Technik wird dabei auch weiterhin und zunehmend Medium menschlicher Kommunikation und Interaktion sein, darüber hinaus wird jedoch auch immer mehr menschliche Interaktion nicht nur durch sondern mit Technik stattfinden. Eine Dimension neuer Mensch-Technik-Relationen ist dabei das Phänomen sozialer Angemessenheit. Obgleich sich dieses nicht auf ein einfaches Regelwerk reduzieren lässt, verhalten sich Menschen in zwischenmenschlicher Interaktion ganz selbstverständlich sozial angemessen und treffen in der Regel ohne Weiteres ‚den richtigen Ton‘. Wie aber verhält es sich mit ‚intelligenten‘ technischen Systemen? Können – sollten – diese mit Fähigkeiten zu entsprechendem Sozialverhalten ausgestattet werden, um damit auch eine weitere bedeutsame Grenze zwischen Mensch und Technik zum Verschwinden zu bringen? Anders gefragt: Ist es möglich und erforderlich, Technik zu sozialisieren?
Technik – Kultur – Bildung: Analyse philosophischer Ansätze zum Technikbegriff im Hinblick auf eine Technische Allgemeinbildung
by Thomas-Hugo MöllersIn diesem Open-Access-Buch geht der Autor der Frage nach, warum Technik als wesentlicher Bestandteil der Kultur in der Bildung nur eine untergeordnete Bedeutung hat und begründet mit Hilfe technikphilosophischer Analysen einen Kulturreihenansatz für die Auswahl von Inhalten für den Technikunterricht. Aus dem Doppelauftrag von Schule, Persönlichkeitsbildung und Enkulturation wird zunächst ein Interaktionsmodell für Bildung und Erziehung abgeleitet. Das Problem der Inhaltsauswahl jeder Fachdidaktik wird mit einem Modell zur Verknüpfung von Allgemeiner Didaktik und Fachwissenschaften gelöst. Darin wird die Technikphilosophie als fehlende Bezugswissenschaft identifiziert, um Aussagen zum Wesen der Technik zu ermöglichen. Durch die Analyse technikphilosophischer Ansätze wird der Technikbegriff um eine ästhetische und eine Sinn- und Wertperspektive erweitert. Aus diesem Technikbegriff ergeben sich pädagogische Perspektiven für den Technikunterricht, die schließlich über einen Kulturreihenansatz zu einem Kern Technischer Allgemeinbildung führen. Durch den Kulturreihenansatz wird begründet umrissen, wie die kulturelle Bedeutung der Technik bildungswirksam werden kann.
Techniken für optimale Gesprächsführung: Wie Sie in Alltag und Berufsleben Gespräche erfolgreich führen (essentials)
by Thomas BindelThomas Bindel schlägt Ihnen vor, mit welchen Worten Sie in schwierigen Situationen richtig reagieren. Er verrät Ihnen, mit welcher Systematik Sie Gespräche und Verhandlungen perfekt vorbereiten. Und er zeigt Ihnen, wie Sie mit Menschen vertieft ins Gespräch kommen, indem Sie besser zuhören und treffende Fragen stellen. Das vorliegende Buch bietet somit ein Konzentrat aus den wichtigsten Methoden, um Gespräche optimal führen zu können: Ausgestattet mit dem Erfolgsprinzip eines amerikanischen Präsidenten, diversen Denkhüten, passenden Strategien und Techniken für Gesprächsvorbereitung, -führung sowie -nachbereitung übersteht man die Begegnung mit dem Freud&’schen Eisberg und findet so zu einer Kommunikation, die durch ein Quadrat runder läuft und gewaltfrei mehr erreicht.
Techniques and Guidelines for Social Work Practice (8th edition)
by Bradford W. Sheafor Charles R. HorejsiFocusing on the specific guidelines social workers use everyday, this textbook describes 157 techniques for communicating effectively, managing workload, serving vulnerable client populations, and practicing each phase of the planned change process.
Techniques of Social Influence: The psychology of gaining compliance
by Dariusz DolinskiEvery day we are asked to fulfil others’ requests, and we make regular requests of others too, seeking compliance with our desires, commands and suggestions. This accessible text provides a uniquely in-depth overview of the different social influence techniques people use in order to improve the chances of their requests being fulfilled. It both describes each of the techniques in question and explores the research behind them, considering questions such as: How do we know that they work? Under what conditions are they more or less likely to be effective? How might individuals successfully resist attempts by others to influence them? The book groups social influence techniques according to a common characteristic: for instance, early chapters describe "sequential" techniques, and techniques involving egotistic mechanisms, such as using the name of one’s interlocutor. Later chapters present techniques based on gestures and facial movements, and others based on the use of specific words, re-examining on the way whether "please" really is a magic word. In every case, author Dariusz Dolinski discusses the existing experimental studies exploring their effectiveness, and how that effectiveness is enhanced or reduced under certain conditions. The book draws on historical material as well as the most up-to-date research, and unpicks the methodological and theoretical controversies involved. The ideal introduction for psychology graduates and undergraduates studying social influence and persuasion, Techniques of Social Influence will also appeal to scholars and students in neighbouring disciplines, as well as interested marketing professionals and practitioners in related fields.
Techno-Vernacular Creativity and Innovation: Culturally Relevant Making Inside and Outside of the Classroom
by Nettrice R. GaskinsA novel approach to STEAM learning that engages students from historically marginalized communities in culturally relevant and inclusive maker education.The growing maker movement in education has become an integral part of both STEM and STEAM learning, tapping into the natural DIY inclinations of creative people as well as the educational power of inventing or making things. And yet African American, Latino/a American, and Indigenous people are underrepresented in maker culture and education. In this book, Nettrice Gaskins proposes a novel approach to STEAM learning that engages students from historically marginalized communities in culturally relevant and inclusive maker education. Techno-vernacular creativity (TVC) connects technical literacy, equity, and culture, encompassing creative innovations produced by ethnic groups that are often overlooked.TVC uses three main modes of activity: reappropriation, remixing, and improvisation. Gaskins looks at each of the three modes in turn, guiding readers from research into practice. Drawing on real-world examples, she shows how TVC creates dynamic learning environments where underrepresented ethnic students feel that they belong. Students who remix computationally, for instance, have larger toolkits of computational skills with which to connect cultural practices to STEAM subjects; reappropriation offers a way to navigate cultural repertoires; improvisation is firmly rooted in cultural and creative practices. Finally, Gaskins explores an equity-oriented approach that makes a distinction between conventional or dominant pedagogical approaches and culturally relevant or responsive making methods and practices. She describes TVC habits of mind and suggests methods of instructions and projects.
TechnoScienceSociety: Technological Reconfigurations of Science and Society (Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook #30)
by Christoph Schneider Sabine Maasen Sascha DickelThis book introduces the term of TechnoScienceSociety to focus on the ongoing technological reconfigurations of science and society. It aspires to use the breadth of Science and Technology Studies to perform a critical diagnosis of our contemporary culture. Instead of constructing technology as society’s “other”, the book sets out to highlight the both complex and ambivalent entanglements of technologies, sciences and socialities. It provides some tentative steps towards a diagnosis of a society in which individuals and organizations address themselves, their pasts, presents, futures, hopes and problems in technoscientific modes. Technosciences redesign matter, life, self and society. However, they do not operate independently: Technoscientific practices are deeply socially and culturally constituted. The diverse contributions highlight the ongoing technological reconfigurations of rationalities, infrastructures, modes of governance, and publics. The book aims to inspire scholars and students to think and analyze contemporary conditions in new ways drawing on, and expanding, the toolkits of Science and Technology Studies.
Technocratic Politics: Beyond Democratic Society? (Routledge Studies in Political Sociology)
by Francesco AntonelliThis book considers the role of experts and expertise in contemporary politics and the ways in which digitalisation and the use of technique are transforming practices of governance. Asking whether the Covid-19 crisis is likely to further advance or weaken these processes, it examines their impact on the future of democracy and urges rejection of the idea of technocracy as an alternative to politics. An examination of the relationship between social elites and technique, this volume highlights the threat posed to representative democracy of this fundamental mechanism of governance in the global world and reflects upon new forms of the political-economic regime. It is important reading for scholars of sociology and politics with interests in questions of power, governance, and representation.
Technoculture and Critical Theory: In the Service of the Machine? (Routledge Studies in Science, Technology and Society #5)
by Simon CooperThe author explores the work of major thinkers and cultural movements that have grappled with the complex relationship between technology, politics and culture. Subjects such as the Internet, cloning, warfare, fascism and Virtual Reality are placed within a broad theoretical context which explores how humanity might, through technology, establish a more ethical relationship with the world.Examining the philosophy of writers such as Heidegger, Benjamin, Lyotard, Virilio, and Zizek, and cultural movements such as Italian Futurism, this book marks a timely intervention in critical theory debates. The broad scope of the book will be of vital interest to those in the fields of philosophy, critical theory, cultural studies, politics and communications.
Technohumanism, Global Crises, and Education: Toward a Posthuman Pedagogy
by Kaustuv RoyThis book argues that global crises such as the present Covid-19 pandemic are correlates of the contemporary thought regime that it calls technohumanism. Taking up the pandemic as the central case in point, the book shows how the basic assumptions of technohumanism encourage large-scale dependencies and a consequent loss of endurance in the populace. Next, it shows that a form of recuperation can be pedagogically attempted by means of a “psychoanalysis” of thought which releases it from the humanist limits placed on it. To do this, it introduces the notion of a living unconscious as distinct from the Freudian Unconscious, and argues that in the living unconscious there is no distinction between the prehuman and the posthuman, and a posthumanist pedagogy can be constructed on the basis of an adequate transfer of prehuman dynamism.
Technological Change and Industrial Transformation (Routledge Studies in Innovation, Organizations and Technology)
by Vicky Long and Magnus HolménIndustrial transformation is a research and teaching field with a focus on the phenomenon and mechanisms of industrial development and renewal. It concerns changes in economic activities caused by innovation, competition and collaboration, and has a rich heritage of evolutionary economics, institutional economics, industrial dynamics, technology history and innovation studies. It borrows concepts and models from the social sciences (sociology, history, political sciences, business/management, economics, behavioural sciences) and from technology and engineering studies also. In this book, the authors present the key theories, frameworks and concepts of industrial transformation and use empirical cases to describe and explain the causes, processes and outcomes of transformation in the context of digitalisation and sustainability. They stress that industrial transformation consists both of Darwinian "survival of the fittest" selection, and of intentional pursuits of innovation and of industrial capabilities creation. The work argues that managing the global trends of transformation is not only about new technology and innovation; existing institutional settings, as well as dynamic interactions between technological change, organisational adaptation and economic activities, also have a profound impact on future trajectories. The areas under investigation are of great relevance for strategic management decisions and for industrial and technology policies, and for understanding the mechanisms underlying transformation and sustainable growth.
Technological Change and Organizational Action (Routledge Studies in Technology, Work and Organizations #Vol. 2)
by David Preece Juha LaurilaIn recent decades an extensive array of changes and innovations have taken place in and across work organizations and networks of organizations and workers, facilitated by new technologies and technological forms. This has initiated an interest in technological change as one of the conditions for organizational action and researchers have begun to draw inspiration from a wider spectrum of conceptual issues, perspectives and theoretical traditions.This book is interested in the level of praxis and how this might be understood and theorized. It brings together a comprehensive collection of empirically-grounded and theoretically-informed research projects from studies of organizational practice which explore a number of technological changes in a variety of contexts. These are informed by contemporary debates within and across theoretical approaches including the sociology of technology, work and organizations, actor network theory, technology as text and metaphor, processual and political perspectives, social and business network-based approaches to the analysis of technology and innovation, and the social construction and shaping of technology. This book will be essential reading for researchers and advanced students within the field of technology, work and organizations and also organization studies and management studies.
Technological Economy
by Don Slater Andrew BarryIn this major new collection, leading experts explore the multidisciplinary connections between technology and economy, drawing on new convergences between economic sociology and science and technology studies. Through theoretical and empirical studies, the authors investigate: * economics and economic knowledges as technologies* the economies as socio-technical arrangements* the nature of innovation* the role of technological mediations in representing and performing economies. This revealing book, ideal for those with an interest in contemporary social theory, interrogates the evidence for the contemporary claims about the emergence of the ‘new economy’ and ‘knowledge-based economies’ and sheds new light on the relationship between economy and culture.
Technological Turf Wars: A Case Study of the Computer Antivirus Industry
by Jessica JohnstonInTechnological Turf Wars, Jessica Johnston analyzes the tensions and political dilemmas that coexist in the interrelationship among science, technology and society. Illustrating how computer security is as concerned with social relationships as it is with technology, Johnston provides an illuminating ethnography that considers corporate culture and the workplace environment of the antivirus industry. Using a qualitative, interdisciplinary approach, which combines organizational and security studies with critical and social analysis of science and technology, Johnston questions the motivations, contradictions and negotiations of antivirus professionals. She examines the tensions between the service ethics and profit motives-does the industry release viruses to generate demand for antivirus software?-and considers the dynamics within companies by looking at facets such as gender bias and power politics. Technological Turf Warsis an informed, enlightened and entertaining view of how the production of computer security technology is fraught with social issues.
Technological Turf Wars: A Case Study of the Computer Antivirus Industry
by Jessica R. JohnstonIllustrating how computer security is as concerned with social relationships as it is with technology, Johnston provides an illuminating ethnography that considers corporate culture and the workplace environment of the antivirus industry. Using a qualitative, interdisciplinary approach, which combines organizational and security studies with critical and social analysis of science and technology, Johnston questions the motivations, contradictions and negotiations of antivirus professionals. She examines the tensions between the service ethics and profit motives--does the industry release viruses to generate demand for antivirus software?--and considers the dynamics within companies by looking at facets such as gender bias and power politics. Technological Turf Wars is an informed, enlightened and entertaining view of how the production of computer security technology is fraught with social issues.
Technologies for Digital Transformation: Moving Towards the Future of Organisations (Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation #64)
by Ferdinando Pennarola Alessio Maria Braccini Jessie PalludDigital technologies can have a profound impact on modern organisations, changing the way they operate, communicate, cooperate, and deliver value to stakeholders. This book gathers the selected and revised best papers presented at the annual conference of the Italian Chapter of AIS, which took place in Catanzaro in October 2022. It offers a comprehensive overview of the impacts of emerging digital technologies, such as AI, machine learning, blockchain, and Industry 4.0, on organisations and industries. In this book, these digital technologies are explored in relation to the digital transformation process for business organisations and industries. It investigates how emerging technologies influence the digital transformation of diverse business organisations, pointing out research trajectories, implications, opportunities, and challenges. Covering a wide range of topics related to digital transformation, it offers valuable insights into the latest research on the opportunities and challenges that accompany emerging digital technologies.
Technologies in a Multilingual Environment: XXII Professional Culture of the Specialist of the Future (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #636)
by Alfred Nordmann Daria BylievaThe book addresses the challenge of living in a multilingual world from three perspectives: socio-linguistics and the study of multilingualism in contrast, philosophy of technology with its emphasis on the world as a technosphere—how it is made, how it is experienced, and how it can be managed, and then pedagogy and the question of teaching and learning to competently negotiate multilingual environments. In today‘s multicultural and multilingual world, technologies provide a common ground. The story of the technosphere as a multilingual environment offers new perspective, namely that of learning to cooperate and coordinate.
Technologies of Being in Martin Heidegger: Nearness, Metaphor and the Question of Education in Digital Times (Routledge International Studies in the Philosophy of Education)
by Anna KouppanouTechnologies of Being in Martin Heidegger attempts to deepen the dialogue between philosophy of education and philosophy of technology, while engaging with the thought of Heidegger, Jacques Derrida and Bernard Stiegler. Through a critical reading of Heidegger’s central notion of nearness, this book argues that thinking is intricately conditioned by technologically produced images, which are themselves interacting with imagination’s schematizing power. The book further discusses how certain metaphorical synthesising processes, which are currently industrialized taking the form of social networking sites and search engines, discretise human behaviour and reorganise it in ways that often marginalise human interpretation and redefine nearness. Finally, it suggests how we might reconceptualise technology and education as processes of human individuation. Technologies of Being in Martin Heidegger will be of great interest to scholars in the fields of philosophy of education, philosophy of technology, literary studies, cognitive linguistics and cognitive neuroscience.
Technologies of Feminist Speculative Fiction: Gender, Artificial Life, and the Politics of Reproduction (Palgrave Studies in Science and Popular Culture)
by Sherryl Vint Sümeyra BuranTechnologies of Feminist Speculative Fiction: Gender, Artificial Life, and the Politics of Reproduction explores how much technology has reshaped feminist conversations in the decades since Donna Haraway’s influential “Cyborg Manifesto” was published. With sections exploring reproductive technologies, new ways of imagining femininity and motherhood via artificial means, queer readings of gender as a social technology, and posthuman visions of a world beyond gender, this book demonstrates how feminist speculative fiction offers an urgently needed response to the intersections of women’s bodies and technology. This collection brings together authors from Europe, Japan, the US and the UK to consider speculative films and texts, reproductive technologies and food futures, and opportunities to rethink family, aging, gender and sexuality, and community through feminist speculative fiction, a social technology for building better futures.
Technologies of International Relations: Continuity And Change
by Michele Acuto Carolin Kaltofen Madeline CarrThis book examines the role of technology in the core voices for International Relations theory and how this has shaped the contemporary thinking of ‘IR’ across some of the discipline’s major texts. Through an interview format between different generations of IR scholars, the conversations of the book analyse the relationship between technology and concepts like power, security and global order. They explore to what extent ideas about the role and implications of technology help to understand the way IR has been framed and world politics are conceived of today. This innovative text will appeal to scholars in Politics and International Relations as well as STS, Human Geography and Anthropology.
Technologies of Procreation: Kinship in the Age of Assisted Conception
by Sarah Franklin Marilyn Strathern Jeanette Edwards Eric Hirsch Frances PriceTechnologies of Procreation bridges the gap between medical technology and cultural values. It looks at the ways in which the 'technologies of procreation' affect society from an anthropological perspective.
Technologies of Religion: Spheres of the Sacred in a Post-secular Modernity (Routledge Research in Information Technology and Society)
by Sam HanBringing together empirical cultural and media studies of religion and critical social theory, Technologies of Religion: Spheres of the sacred in a post-secular modernity investigates powerful entanglement of religion and new media technologies taking place today, taking stock of the repercussions of digital technology and culture on various aspects of religious life and contemporary culture more broadly. Making the argument that religion and new media technologies come together to create "spheres"—environments produced by an architecture of digital technologies of all sorts, from projection screens to social networking sites, the book suggests that prior social scientific conceptions of religious worship, participation, community and membership are being recast. Using the case of the strain of American Christianity called "multi-site," an emergent and growing church-model that has begun to win favor largely among Protestants in the last decade, the book details and examines the way in which this new mode of religiosity bridges the realms of the technological and the physical. Lastly, the book situates and contextualizes these developments within the larger theoretical concerns regarding the place of religion in contemporary capitalism. Technologies of Religion: Spheres of the sacred in a post-secular modernity offers an important contribution to the study of religion, media, technology and culture in a post-secular world.
Technologies of Sexuality, Identity and Sexual Health (Sexuality, Culture and Health)
by Lenore MandersonTechnologies of Sexuality, Identity and Sexual Health highlights the complex ways in which sexuality is expressed and enacted through local ideologies, global identities and material cultures, and their influence on people’s sexual health and well-being. Its impetus is the renewed interest in technology and the ‘social life of things,’ including pharmaceuticals, expanded sexual and related surgery, the growing exploitation of markets for sexual and contraceptive products, and the impact of these on sexual and health practices and outcomes. Organised loosely into three parts, the opening chapters concentrate on female contraception, its availability, and the varied cultural significance attached to the ability to control its use, exploring the politics of reproductive health and birth control, and the ties between technology and power. The middle section turns its attention to men, and the impact of traditional and contemporary concerns about masculinity, and the social and sexual roles of men. The final chapters look at the commonalities across cultural borders and sexual gendered identities – how products and procedures travel, not only through the formal channels of globalisation, but also informally, carried by individuals across cultural and social boundaries through sexual, social and commercial interactions. The volume brings together anthropologists, sociologists and cultural studies scholars, both senior and emerging, from around the globe. Offering an important and topical contribution to the developing global literature on sexuality, sexual identity, culture and health, it is of interest to researchers and advanced students in these areas.
Technology And Employment: Concepts And Clarifications
by Eli Ginzberg Thomas M Stanback Jr Thierry J NoyelleThis volume is the first of four publications that will present the research on technology and employment carried out by Conservation of Human Resources of Columbia University over the past several years. This research was started with a small grant from the Rockefeller Foundation in 1982.