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Small Talk (Language In Social Life)
by Justine CouplandThis study presents a new perspective on small talk and its crucial role in everyday communication. The new approach presented here is supported by analyses of interactional data in specific settings - private and public, face-to-face and telephone talk. They vary from gossip at the family dinner table and intimate 'keeping in touch' phone conversations, to interpersonally-focused talk in institutional settings, such as the government office and the university research seminar. Drawing on a range of methodological approaches, including Discourse Analysis and Pragmatics, Interpersonal Communication and Conversation Analysis, the author elevates small talk to a new status, as functionally multifaceted, but central to social interaction as a whole.
Small-Town America: Finding Community, Shaping the Future
by Robert WuthnowA revealing examination of small-town lifeMore than thirty million Americans live in small, out-of-the-way places. Many of them could have joined the vast majority of Americans who live in cities and suburbs. They could live closer to more lucrative careers and convenient shopping, a wider range of educational opportunities, and more robust health care. But they have opted to live differently.In Small-Town America, we meet factory workers, shop owners, retirees, teachers, clergy, and mayors—residents who show neighborliness in small ways, but who also worry about everything from school closings and their children's futures to the ups and downs of the local economy. Drawing on more than seven hundred in-depth interviews in hundreds of towns across America and three decades of census data, Robert Wuthnow shows the fragility of community in small towns. He covers a host of topics, including the symbols and rituals of small-town life, the roles of formal and informal leaders, the social role of religious congregations, the perception of moral and economic decline, and the myriad ways residents in small towns make sense of their own lives. Wuthnow also tackles difficult issues such as class and race, abortion, homosexuality, and substance abuse.Small-Town America paints a rich panorama of individuals who reside in small communities, finding that, for many people, living in a small town is an important part of self-identity.
Small Towns and Decentralisation in India
by Rémi BercegolThis book examines the impact that decentralisation reforms, initiated in the early 1990s, have had on small towns in India. It specifically focuses on small towns in Uttar Pradesh, one of the most densely populated and poorest states in India. Although considered home to one of the oldest urban civilisations, India remains one of the least urbanised regions in the world. At the same time, the country has many million-strong metropolises that are among the world's largest megacities, as well as a multitude of small and medium-sized towns and cities. This paradoxical urbanisation, against a backdrop of reforms, has interested the scientific community to gain a more nuanced understanding of the changes and challenges involved. This book analyses an urban environment often overlooked by researchers and public authorities, namely, that of small towns. These towns are of vital importance as this is where the bulk of future urban development will take place. However, decades after implementation of the reforms, the majority of reviews and assessments have focused on large cities and so the impacts of the reform on small towns are still poorly understood. This book includes extensive primary data about political, technical and financial municipal issues in small towns of northern India and, is therefore, of interest to students, researchers and planners working on urban and regional studies in the global South.
Smart Agriculture for Developing Nations: Status, Perspectives and Challenges (Advanced Technologies and Societal Change)
by Kandiah PakeerathanThis book in its eighteen chapters provides sustainable and smart technology-based solutions to developing nations. Smart farming is growing in importance due to the increasing demand for higher crop yield, the need for using natural resources efficiently, the rising use and sophistication of information and communication technology and the increasing need for climate-smart agriculture. Some of these chapters deal with the applications of smart agriculture to address the special challenges of the Small Island Developing States for sustainable agriculture. The book brings together scientific communities from India, Indonesia, Iraq, Malaysia, Mauritius, Myanmar, Palestine, Sri Lanka and South Africa to share their expertise to make the farming system more connected and intelligent. The smart farming techniques shared in different chapters not only help to reduce the overall cost and improve the quality and quantity of products but altogether help improve the sustainability of agriculture in the developing world.‘Smart Farming’ is a management concept focused on providing the agricultural industry with the infrastructure to leverage advanced technologies—including artificial intelligence (AI), big data, robotics, drones and Internet of Things (IoT)—for tracking, monitoring, automating and analyzing operations. Sometimes known as precision agriculture, smart farming is software managed and sensor monitored.
Smart and Digital Cities: From Computational Intelligence to Applied Social Sciences (Urban Computing)
by Vitor Nazário Coelho Igor Machado Coelho Thays A. Oliveira Luiz Satoru OchiThis book presents up-to-date information on the future digital and smart cities. In particular, it describes novel insights about the use of computational intelligence techniques and decentralized technologies, covering urban aspects and services, cities governance and social sciences. The topics covered here range from state-of-the-art computational techniques to current discussions regarding drones, blockchain, smart contracts and cryptocurrencies.The idealization of this material emerged with a journey of free knowledge exchange from a diverse group of authors, who met each other through four different events (workshops and special sessions) organized with the purpose of boosting the concepts surrounding smart cities.We believe that this book comprises innovative and precise information regarding state-of-the-art applications and ideas for the future of cities and society. It will surely be useful not only for the academic community but also to the industry professionals and city managers.
Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions: Results of SSPCR 2022 (Green Energy and Technology)
by Adriano Bisello Daniele Vettorato Marta Bottero Dionysia KolokotsaThis open access book includes a selection of innovative contributions presented at the 4th international conference “Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions 2022”, held in Bolzano, Italy in July 2022. Featuring 10 papers by academics and consultants, strongly rooted in practical experiences and international projects, it discusses current ground-breaking research in innovative and sustainable planning for cities, with a focus on the environmental, economic, and social challenges associated with the global sustainability transition and energy systems integration. The contributions are illustrative of the richness of the issues discussed and the breadth of the emerging themes, including innovative business models for building and infrastructure at district level, integrated sustainability assessment schemes for Positive Energy Districts, a material flow accounting model for regional metabolism, energy communities as a lever to promote historical and landscape values, optimized and electrified last-mile logistics, multi-criteria decision analysis tools to redefine center/periphery relationships, a framework for socio-spatial analysis related to social practices, design principles and communication technologies improving both indoor and outdoor public spaces, augmented nature-based solution coupling the green elements with the latest technologies to deliver healthier and more appealing cities.
Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions: Results of SSPCR 2019 (Green Energy and Technology)
by Adriano Bisello Daniele Vettorato Håvard Haarstad Judith Borsboom-van BeurdenThis book offers a selection of research papers and case studies presented at the 3rd international conference “Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions”, held in December 2019 in Bolzano, Italy, and explores the concept of smart and sustainable planning, including top contributions from academics, policy makers, consultants and other professionals. Innovation processes such as co-design and co-creation help establish collaborations that engage with stakeholders in a trustworthy and transparent environment while answering the need for new value propositions. The importance of an integrated, holistic approach is widely recognized to break down silos in local government, in particular, when aimed at achieving a better integration of climate-energy planning. Despite the ongoing urbanization and polarization processes, new synergies between urban and rural areas emerge, linking development opportunities to intrinsic cultural, natural and man-made landscape values. The increasing availability of big, real-time urban data and advanced ICT facilitates frequent assessment and continuous monitoring of performances, while allowing fine-tuning as needed. This is valid not only for individual projects but also on a wider scale. In addition, and circling back to the first point, (big) urban data and ICT can be of enormous help in facilitating engagement and co-creation by raising awareness and by providing insight into the local consequences of specific plans. However, this potential is not yet fully exploited in standard processes and procedures, which can therefore lack the agility and flexibility to keep up with the pulse of the city and dynamics of society. The book provides a multi-disciplinary outlook based on experience to orient the reader in the giant galaxy of smart and sustainable planning, support the transposition of research into practice, scale up visionary approaches and design groundbreaking planning policies and tools.
Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions: Results of SSPCR 2019—Open Access Contributions (Green Energy and Technology)
by Adriano Bisello Daniele Vettorato David Ludlow Claudia BaranzelliThis open access book offers a selection of research papers and case studies presented at the 3rd international conference “Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions”, held in December 2019 in Bolzano, Italy, and explores the concept of smart and sustainable planning, including top contributions from academics, policy makers, consultants and other professionals. Innovation processes such as co-design and co-creation help establish collaborations that engage with stakeholders in a trustworthy and transparent environment while answering the need for new value propositions. The importance of an integrated, holistic approach is widely recognized to break down silos in local government, in particular, when aimed at achieving a better integration of climate-energy planning. Despite the ongoing urbanization and polarization processes, new synergies between urban and rural areas emerge, linking development opportunities to intrinsic cultural, natural and man-made landscape values. The increasing availability of big, real-time urban data and advanced ICT facilitates frequent assessment and continuous monitoring of performances, while allowing fine-tuning as needed. This is valid not only for individual projects but also on a wider scale. In addition, and circling back to the first point, (big) urban data and ICT can be of enormous help in facilitating engagement and co-creation by raising awareness and by providing insight into the local consequences of specific plans. However, this potential is not yet fully exploited in standard processes and procedures, which can therefore lack the agility and flexibility to keep up with the pulse of the city and dynamics of society. The book provides a multi-disciplinary outlook based on experience to orient the reader in the giant galaxy of smart and sustainable planning, support the transposition of research into practice, scale up visionary approaches and design groundbreaking planning policies and tools.
Smart and Sustainable Supply Chain and Logistics — Challenges, Methods and Best Practices: Volume 2 (EcoProduction)
by Paulina Golinska-Dawson Kune-Muh Tsai Karolina Werner-LewandowskaThe application of artificial intelligence methods and the increasing digitalization of the processes in a supply chain contribute the more seamless flow of materials and information. The disturbances in global supply chain during pandemic put pressure on companies to improve the existing operations. The Sustainable Development Goals put pressure on local and global markets to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and to implement a more resource-efficient business model. Integration of physical and cyber systems is necessary to achieve more environmentally friendly, efficient logistics and supply chain operations. This book presents the contemporary issues of sustainability and integration of physical and information flow in supply chain. In the individual chapters, the authors discuss new qualitative and qualitative theoretic methods, models and present case studies from business practice. This book might be a valuable source of knowledge for the academics, PhD students and practitioners to deepen their knowledge in the field of logistics and SCM.
Smart and Sustainable Supply Chain and Logistics – Trends, Challenges, Methods and Best Practices: Volume 1 (EcoProduction)
by Paulina Golinska-Dawson Kune-Muh Tsai Monika Kosacka-OlejnikThis book discusses the critical contemporary issues of sustainability and integration of physical and information flow. It explores the digitalization of logistics processes and the need for a more integrated and a seamless cooperation in supply chain management, which are dominant trends in business practice. Moreover, it examines how the pressure for CO2 emission reductions and more resource- efficient business models influences the organization of logistics operations on both a local and global scale, demonstrating that integrating physical and cyber systems is necessary to achieve a more environmentally friendly, safe logistics and supply chain operations. In the individual chapters, the authors discuss the new qualitative and quantitative theoretical methods and models and also analyze case studies from business practice. This book provides valuable insights for academics, Ph.D. students and practitioners wishing to deepen their understanding of logistics operations and management.
Smart Applications and Data Analysis: 4th International Conference, SADASC 2022, Marrakesh, Morocco, September 22–24, 2022, Proceedings (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1677)
by Mohamed Hamlich Ladjel Bellatreche Ali Siadat Sebastian VenturaThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference onSmart Applications and Data Analysis, SADASC 2022, held in Marrakesh, Morocco,during September 22–24, 2022.The 24 full papers and 11 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed andselected from 64 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: AI-Driven Methods 1; Networking technologies & IoT; AI-Driven Methods 2; Green Energy, Computing and Technologies 1; AI-Driven Methods 3; Green Energy, Computing and Technologies 2; Case studies and Cyber-Physical Systems 1; Case studies and Cyber-Physical Systems 2; and Case studies and Cyber-Physical Systems 3.
Smart Blockchain: First International Conference, SmartBlock 2018, Tokyo, Japan, December 10–12, 2018, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11373)
by Meikang QiuThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Smart Blockchain, SmartBlock 2018, held in Tokyo, Japan, in December 2018. The 17 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 102 submissions. They focus on a broad range of topics in the area of blockchain, from privacy-preserving solutions to designing advanced blockchain mechanism, from empirical studies to practical manuals.
Smart Blockchain: Second International Conference, SmartBlock 2019, Birmingham, UK, October 11–13, 2019, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11911)
by Meikang QiuThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Smart Blockchain, SmartBlock 2019, held in Birmingham, UK, in October 2019.The 13 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 100 submissions. They focus on a broad range of topics in the area of blockchain, from privacy-preserving solutions to designing advanced blockchain mechanism, from empirical studies to practical manuals.
Smart Cities
by Enrique Alba Francisco Chicano Gabriel LuqueThis book constitutes the proceedings of the First International Conference on Smart Cities, Smart-CT 2016, held in Malaga, Spain, in June 2016. The 16 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 28 submissions. They topics covered include studies and tools to improve road traffic, energy consumption, logistics, frameworks to provide new services and take decisions in a holistic way, driving assistance, electric vehicles, public transport, and surveys on smart city concepts.
Smart Cities
by Enrique Alba Francisco Chicano Gabriel LuqueThis book constitutes the proceedings of the First International Conference on Smart Cities, Smart-CT 2016, held in Malaga, Spain, in June 2016. The 16 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 28 submissions. They topics covered include studies and tools to improve road traffic, energy consumption, logistics, frameworks to provide new services and take decisions in a holistic way, driving assistance, electric vehicles, public transport, and surveys on smart city concepts.
Smart Cities: Social and Environmental Challenges and Opportunities for Local Authorities (Studies in Energy, Resource and Environmental Economics)
by Fateh Belaïd Anvita AroraThis edited volume discusses the socioeconomic, environmental, and policy implications of smart cities. Written by international experts in energy economics and policy, the chapters present wide range of high quality theoretical and empirical studies at the nexus of social, entrepreneurial, governmental and ecological transformation. The book covers a wide range of topics, with a view towards providing empirical evidence of the benefits of smart cities as well as practical frameworks for smart city initiatives. Topics discussed include: smart city transition pillars, innovation for smart and sustainable cities design and implementation, smart city governance, smart mobility within cities, and smart cities in emerging economies. This volume will be of use to students and researchers interested in resource economics, energy economics, sustainability, ICT, and governance, as well as policymakers working on smart city initiatives.This is an open access book.
Smart Cities: First Ibero-American Congress, ICSC-CITIES 2018, Soria, Spain, September 26–27, 2018, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #978)
by Sergio Nesmachnow Luis Hernández CallejoThis book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the First Ibero-American Congress, ICSC-CITIES 2018, held in Soria, Spain, in May 2018. The 15 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 101 submissions. The papers cover wide research fields including smart cities, energy efficiency and sustainability, infrastructures, smart mobility, intelligent transportation systems, Internet of Things, governance and citizenship.
Smart Cities: Big Data, Civic Hackers, and the Quest for a New Utopia
by Anthony M. TownsendAn unflinching look at the aspiring city-builders of our smart, mobile, connected future. We live in a world defined by urbanization and digital ubiquity, where mobile broadband connections outnumber fixed ones, machines dominate a new "internet of things," and more people live in cities than in the countryside. In Smart Cities, urbanist and technology expert Anthony Townsend takes a broad historical look at the forces that have shaped the planning and design of cities and information technologies from the rise of the great industrial cities of the nineteenth century to the present. A century ago, the telegraph and the mechanical tabulator were used to tame cities of millions. Today, cellular networks and cloud computing tie together the complex choreography of mega-regions of tens of millions of people. In response, cities worldwide are deploying technology to address both the timeless challenges of government and the mounting problems posed by human settlements of previously unimaginable size and complexity. In Chicago, GPS sensors on snow plows feed a real-time "plow tracker" map that everyone can access. In Zaragoza, Spain, a "citizen card" can get you on the free city-wide Wi-Fi network, unlock a bike share, check a book out of the library, and pay for your bus ride home. In New York, a guerrilla group of citizen-scientists installed sensors in local sewers to alert you when stormwater runoff overwhelms the system, dumping waste into local waterways. As technology barons, entrepreneurs, mayors, and an emerging vanguard of civic hackers are trying to shape this new frontier, Smart Cities considers the motivations, aspirations, and shortcomings of them all while offering a new civics to guide our efforts as we build the future together, one click at a time.
Smart Cities: Lock-in, Path-dependence and Non-linearity of Digitalization and Smartification (Advances In Science, Technology And Innovation Ser.)
by Anna Visvizi Hanna Godlewska-MajkowskaThis book seeks to identify and to examine factors and mechanisms underlying the growth and development of smart cities.It is commonplace to discuss smart cities through the lens of advances in ICT. The resulting overemphasis on what is technologically possible downplays what is politically, socially and economically feasible. This book, by analysing the smart city through a variety of perspectives, offers a more comprehensive insight into and understanding of the complex and the open-ended nature of the growth and development of a smart city. A solid conceptual framework is developed and employed throughout the chapters, and a selection of case studies from Europe, Asia, and the Arab Peninsula grants the readers a hands-on perspective of the matters discussed.The chapters included in this book address a set of questions, including: How do the twin-processes of digitalization and smartification unfold in the context of the smart city agenda? How do these processes relate to the concepts of smart city 1.0, 2.0., 3.0. and 4.0? In which ways have the spatial aspects of city functioning been influenced by the intrusion of ICT? In which ways do the same processes contribute to the attainment of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)? What are the implications of smartification and the emergence of smart organizations (public, private, and voluntary) for the spatial development of smart cities? Do ICT and its application in the city space boost the processes of revitalization and how does ICT influence the process of gentrification? To what extent and how does the intrusion of ICT-enhanced tools and applications in the city space impact on a city’s relationship with its broader territorially defined context? Are the administrative borders and divisions inherent in the fabric of a city becoming less/more porous? How should urban sprawl be conceived in the context of the smart city debate? This book will have a broad appeal to academics, students, and policy makers with interests in urban planning, sustainable development, cities, economics, technology, sociology, urban studies, digitalization, SDGs, wellbeing, and resilience.
Smart Cities as Democratic Ecologies
by Daniel ArayaThe concept of the 'smart city' as the confluence of urban planning and technological innovation has become a predominant feature of public policy discourse. Despite its expanding influence, however, there is little consensus on the precise meaning of a 'smart city'. One reason for this ambiguity is that the term means different things to different disciplines. For some, the concept of the 'smart city' refers to advances in sustainability and green technologies. For others, it refers to the deployment of information and communication technologies as next generation infrastructure. This volume focuses on a third strand in this discourse, specifically technology driven changes in democracy and civic engagement. In conjunction with issues related to power grids, transportation networks and urban sustainability, there is a growing need to examine the potential of 'smart cities' as 'democratic ecologies' for citizen empowerment and user-driven innovation. What is the potential of 'smart cities' to become platforms for bottom-up civic engagement in the context of next generation communication, data sharing, and application development? What are the consequences of layering public spaces with computationally mediated technologies? Foucault's notion of the panopticon, a metaphor for a surveillance society, suggests that smart technologies deployed in the design of 'smart cities' should be evaluated in terms of the ways in which they enable, or curtail, new urban literacies and emergent social practices.
Smart Cities Atlas
by Eleonora Riva Sanseverino Raffaella Riva Sanseverino Valentina VaccaroThe book discusses the concept of the smart city, and is based on a multi-service and multi-sectoral approach to urban planning, including various urban functions and the human capital of cities. The work is divided into three parts. The first is an introductory section which covers definitions, policies and tools used at European level for the development and classification of a smart city. The second presents a selection of examples of Western and Eastern communities, which experienced technologies and strategies that have made them smart. The third describes in detail the main three possible approaches (economical, technological and social) to the smart city concept which are the focus ambits of the holistic concept of smart city. The work provides a good overview of the concept of the smart city, and also offers a critical analysis of the various approaches to smart cities, in order to provide tools to develop solutions that address the smart development of cities with an approach as multi-sectoral as possible. Its accessible language and several examples make the book easy to read and appealing to public administrators, students, planners and researchers.
Smart Cities, Green Technologies and Intelligent Transport Systems: 7th International Conference, SMARTGREENS, and 4th International Conference, VEHITS 2018, Funchal-Madeira, Portugal, March 16-18, 2018, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #992)
by Brian Donnellan Cornel Klein Markus Helfert Oleg GusikhinThis book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Smart Cities and Green ICT Systems, SMARTGREENS 2018, and the 4th International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems, VEHITS 2018, held in Funchal-Madeira, Portugal in March 2018.The 18 full papers presented during SMARTGREENS 2018 and VEHITS 2018 were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers reflect topics such as smart cities and green ICT systems; vehicle technology and intelligent transport systems.
Smart Cities, Green Technologies, and Intelligent Transport Systems: 6th International Conference, SMARTGREENS 2017, and Third International Conference, VEHITS 2017, Porto, Portugal, April 22-24, 2017, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #921)
by Brian Donnellan Cornel Klein Markus Helfert Oleg Gusikhin António PascoalThis book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Smart Cities and Green ICT Systems, SMARTGREENS 2017, and the Third International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems, VEHITS 2017, held in Porto, Portugal in April 2017.The 8 full papers of SMARTGREENS 2017 presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 70 submissions. VEHITS 2017 received 77 paper submissions from which 9 papers were selected and published in this book. The papers reflect topics such as smart cities, energy-aware systems and technologies, sustainable computing and communications, sustainable transportation and smart mobility.
Smart Cities of Today and Tomorrow: Better Technology, Infrastructure and Security
by Joseph N. Pelton Indu B. SinghHackers, cyber-criminals, Dark Web users, and techno-terrorists beware! This book should make you think twice about attempting to do your dirty work in the smart cities of tomorrow.Scores of cities around the world have begun planning what are known as “smart cities.” These new or revamped urban areas use the latest technology to make the lives of residents easier and more enjoyable.They will have automated infrastructures such as the Internet of Things, “the Cloud,” automated industrial controls, electronic money, mobile and communication satellite systems, wireless texting and networking. With all of these benefits come new forms of danger, and so these cities will need many safeguards to prevent cyber criminals from wreaking havoc. This book explains the advantages of smart cities and how to design and operate one. Based on the practical experience of the authors in projects in the U.S. and overseas in Dubai, Malaysia, Brazil and India, it tells how such a city is planned and analyzes vital security concerns that must be addressed along the way.Most of us will eventually live in smart cities. What are the advantages and the latest design strategies for such ventures? What are the potential drawbacks? How will they change the lives of everyday citizens? This book offers a preview of our future and how you can help prepare yourself for the changes to come.
Smart Cities/Smart Regions – Technische, wirtschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Innovationen: Konferenzband zu den 10. BUIS-Tagen
by Jorge Marx Gómez Andreas Solsbach Thomas Klenke Volker WohlgemuthIn diesem Tagungsband zu den 10. BUIS-Tagen (20. Tagung der Fachgruppe Betriebliche Umweltinformationssysteme der Gesellschaft für Informatik e. V.) werden Thematiken „smarter“ Städte und Regionen unter Einsatz von nachhaltigen IKT-Lösungen in Beiträgen aus Wissenschaft und Praxis vorgestellt. Betriebliche Umweltinformationssysteme erfassen, analysieren und stellen hierbei umweltrelevante Daten für vielschichtige Prozesse bereit. Das Spektrum der Fachbeiträge zeigt die Vielfalt der Fragestellungen und den Einsatz von IKT-Lösungen in der Förderung der Ziele für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung auf. Wesentlichen Raum nehmen Beiträge zur Wissenschaftskooperation und zum Erfahrungstransfer zwischen afrikanischen und europäischen Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern auf allen Themenfeldern der Tagung ein.