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Social Capital for a Child-Friendly City: Housing, Streets, and Parks
by Isami Kinoshita Mitsunari TeradaSocial Capital for a Child-Friendly City argues for the importance of relationship networks (social capital) in children’s growth and socialization, and explores how child-friendly social capital can be cultivated through urban planning and community development. As outdoor play decreases and children spend more time online, Kinoshita and Terada return to John Dewey’s proposal that social capital is essential for nurturing the next generation and establish a democratic and sustainable society. The book features examples from Sweden, Finland, Germany, Switzerland, the UK, and Japan, exploring methods for cultivating social capital and spaces for children to play and develop in cooperative housing, outdoor play spaces, streets, parks, and neighbourhoods. We express our gratitude to Dr. Marketta Kytta, Professor of Aalto University, who gave valuable suggestions about the key term ‘bullerby’ and ‘social capital’.This book will be of use to students and practitioners of urban planning and landscape architecture, as well as any community leaders or developers seeking to foster a nurturing environment where children can flourish.
Social Capital in America: Counting Buried Treasure
by Brian J JonesIn the wake of Robert Putnam's bestselling book "Bowling Alone," media and popular opinion often contend that American society is losing its cohesion. In an era of culture wars, deep political divisions, and all-consuming household technologies, are we losing our connections with one another? Is American society falling apart?Not according to this new book, which draws upon two renowned national surveys to reveal a very different picture. Jones' poignant study of social capital in America explores current trends encompassing family life, work, social networks, and more. He is able to show surprising correlations: those who most use the internet are more likely to participate in voluntary organizations; etc. In lively prose with easy-to-read charts, Jones counters the prevailing myths of American Society by confronting them with the voices of Americans, their attitudes and behaviors, and the facts of their daily lives.
Social Capital in American Life
by Brian J. JonesEmbarking from a model of social capital hinging upon four social structures—work, family, social networks, and voluntary associations—Brian Jones empirically examines the widespread claims that American society is becoming less sociable, trusting, and cooperative. Breaking down datasets drawn from the General Social Survey (conducted 27 times from 1972 to 2008), Social Capital in American Life depicts the social values drawn from the four established social structures, as well as their interrelationships, their determinants, and ultimately their social capital, through a series of statistical and econometric methods. This rigorous, empirically driven analysis reveals how American society both confirms and repudiates fears about decreased cooperation given different cases and parameters.
Social Capital in Developing Democracies
by Leslie E. AndersonDrawing on extensive field work in Nicaragua and Argentina, as well as public opinion and elite data, Leslie E. Anderson's Social Capital in Developing Democracies explores the contribution of social capital to the process of democratization and the limits of that contribution. Anderson finds that in Nicaragua strong, positive, bridging social capital has enhanced democratization, while in Argentina the legacy of Peronism has created bonding and non-democratic social capital that perpetually undermines the development of democracy. Faced with the reality of an anti-democratic form of social capital, Anderson suggests that Argentine democracy is developing on the basis of an alternative resource - institutional capital. Anderson concludes that social capital can and does enhance democracy under historical conditions that have created horizontal ties among citizens, but that social capital can also undermine democratization where historical conditions have created vertical ties with leaders and suspicion or non-cooperation among citizens.
Social Capital in Singapore: The Power of Network Diversity (Politics in Asia)
by Gillian Koh Vincent Chua Ern Ser Tan Drew ShihHow can social cohesion be achieved in a meritocratic and multicultural global city-state? Meritocracy poses a paradox: On one hand, it integrates individuals through frameworks of equal treatment, equal justice and opportunity regardless of race, language or religion. On the other hand, individuals are then segregating through academic sorting, they are rewarded based on credentials and performance which also results in elite identification and bonding. After a generation, without mitigation action, social stratification can result. Distinctive circles differentiating social elites from non-elites, the professional classes from non-professional classes emerge. The remedy the authors propose is network diversity which is the organic forming of ties across class and other social boundaries built on deliberate policies, programmes and platforms designed to facilitate that. This social mixing, forged in social infrastructure such as schools, workplaces, and voluntary associations pays off by producing the collective goods of national identity and trust. This hypothesis has been tested in the case of Singapore society and the empirical results from the research on the power of network diversity and bridging social capital are found in this volume. An insightful read for scholars and practitioners in public policy and social network analysis looking to understand the challenges faced by and the experiences that have emerged from the case of Singapore with its multicultural and cosmopolitan setting.
Social Capital, Lifelong Learning and the Management of Place: An International Perspective
by Bruce Wilson Michael Osborne Kate SankeyWith contributions from around the world, this book brings together inter-related research from three fields: social capital, place management and lifelong learning regions. Providing valuable insight into the management of place and the development of learning at a regional level, the book presents international research that underpins the development and implementation of policies and practices that improve the quality of living and working circumstances at both local and regional levels. International in scope and at the cutting edge of research into this growing field that links lifelong learning to place, the book will appeal both to academics undertaking research in this burgeoning field and to those involved in lifelong learning at local, national and international level.
Social Capital, Political Participation and Migration in Europe
by Laura Morales Marco GiugniHow can European societies more effectively promote the active engagement of immigrants and their children in the political and civic life of the countries where they live? This book examines the effect of migrants' individual attributes and resources, their social capital and the political opportunities on their political integration.
Social Care, Service Users and User Involvement
by Sarah Carr Edited by Peter BeresfordSocial Care, Service Users and User Involvement provides a definitive introduction to practical, philosophical and theoretical issues at the heart of user involvement. This book provides an accessible account of the latest research findings regarding user involvement on three levels: the delivery and provision of services, practice and practitioners, and research and evaluation. It explores a wide range of service user needs and concerns, including the latest developments in personalisation and the effect of the Equality Act 2010. First-hand accounts illustrate the range of issues and service user needs which could be addressed by increased involvement within and beyond the social care system. The book also distinguishes between user views and user involvement, and addresses their processes outcomes and impact, as well as their measurement. This book will be a key source of information for care workers, service managers, policy makers, researchers, service users and social and health care professionals involved in social care and support service planning.
Social Care Services: The Key to the Scandinavian Welfare Model (Routledge Revivals)
by Jorma SipiläFirst published in 1997, this volume aimed to study social care services as a specific type of social policy that operates on a different set of principles as supportive services rather than as poor relief or social security work. The focus is on determining what is specifically Scandinavian about the world-famous Scandinavian welfare state, with studies on issues including the origins of four social care service models, the development of local authority social services in Iceland and social services as a gender issue.
Social Care with African Families in the UK
by Viola NziraThis important text promotes understanding of the complexities and diversities of African family life. It stimulates creative thinking about how social care professionals can develop meaningful relationships and engage confidently and effectively with African families they encounter within work contexts. The book will help students and professionals to develop specific knowledge and skills for working with African families, including refugees, asylum seekers, new and settled immigrants and people of dual heritage. Whilst highlighting differences in terms of practices across the continent, the common threads and shared identities of these families can provide the building blocks for new and relevant knowledge which then inform anti-oppressive practice. Issues such as child discipline, officialdom, roles and responsibilities within the family, image and identity and the perception of others are discussed in chapters covering: • economic and social pressures • family structures • marriage patterns/partnerships • mortality and death • faith and spirituality Containing numerous illustrative examples, this accessible text will be useful to all social work and social care students.
Social Casework Ils 189 (International Library of Sociology)
by Noel TimmsFirst published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Social Causation and Biographical Research: Philosophical, Theoretical and Methodological Arguments (Routledge Advances in Research Methods)
by Giorgos Tsiolis Michalis ChristodoulouThis book extends debates in the field of biographical research, arguing that causal explanations are not at odds with biographical research and that biographical research is in fact a valuable tool for explaining why things in social and personal lives are one way and not another. Bringing reconstructive biographical research into dialogue with critical realism, it explains how and why relational social ontology can become a unique theoretical ground for tapping emergent mechanisms and latent meaning structures. Through an account of the reasons for which reductionist epistemologies, rational action models and covering law explanations are not appropriate for biographical research, the authors develop the philosophical idea of singular causation as a means by which biographical researchers are able to forge causal hypotheses for the occurrence of events and offer guidance on the application of this methodological principle to concrete, empirical examples. As such, this volume will appeal to scholars across the social sciences with interests in biographical research and social research methods.
The Social Causes of Health and Disease
by William C. CockerhamThis stimulating book has become a go-to text for understanding the role that social factors play in the experience of health and many diseases. This extensively revised and updated third edition offers the most compelling case yet that stress, poverty, unhealthy lifestyles, and unpleasant living and working conditions can all be directly associated with illness. The book continues to build on the paradigm shift that has been emerging in twenty-first-century medical sociology, which looks beyond individual explanations for health and disease. As the field has headed toward a fundamentally different orientation, William Cockerham’s work has been at the forefront of these changes, and he here marshals evidence and theory for those seeking a clear and authoritative guide to the realities of the social determinants of health. Of particular note in the latest edition is new material on the relationship between gender and health, implications of the life course for health behavior, the health effects of social capital, and the emergence of COVID-19. This engaging introduction to social epidemiology will be indispensable reading for all students and scholars of medical sociology, especially those with the courage to confront the possibility that society really does make people sick.
Social Causes of Psychological Distress (Social Institutions And Social Change Ser.)
by Catherine E. RossA core interest of social science is the study of stratification--inequalities in income, power, and prestige. Few persons would care about such inequalities if the poor, powerless, and despised were as happy and fulfilled as the wealthy, powerful, and admired. Social research often springs from humanistic empathy and concern as much as from scholarly and scientific curiosity. An economist might observe that black Americans are disproportionately poor, and investigate racial differences in education, employment, and occupation that account for disproportionate poverty. A table comparing additional income blacks and whites can expect for each additional year of education is thus as interesting in its own right as any dinosaur bone or photo of Saturn. However, something more than curiosity underscores our interest in the table. Racial differences in status and income are a problem in the human sense. Inequality in misery makes social and economic inequality personally meaningful. There are two ways social scientists avoid advocacy in addressing issues of social stratification. The first way is to resist projecting personal beliefs, values, and responses as much as possible, while recognizing that the attempt is never fully successful. The second way is by giving the values of the subjects an expression in the research design. Typically, this takes the form of opinion or attitude surveys. Researchers ask respondents to rate the seriousness of crimes, the appropriateness of a punishment for a crime, the prestige of occupations, the fair pay for a job, or the largest amount of money a family can earn and not be poor, and so on. The aggregate judgments, and variations in judgments, represent the values of the subjects and not those of the researcher. They are objective facts with causes and consequences of interest in their own right. This work is an effort to move methodology closer to human concerns without sacrificing the scientific grounds of research as such. The
Social Change: The Advent and Maturation of Modern Society (Routledge Revivals)
by Eva Etzioni-HalevyFirst published in 1981, Social Change offers a critical review of the main classical and modern theories of social change, and a study of the processes of change in western societies since modernization. It focusses on the cardinal aspects of society, and those that have figured most prominently in various theories: the economy, the class structure, the political structure, and the structure of education, as they changed throughout the process of modernization and up to the 1980s.The book is divided into three parts. Part I presents a general discussion of classical and contemporary theories of the advent and maturation of modern society in Western capitalist and non-Western countries. Part II provides a more detailed discussion of modernization and subsequent changes in the Western, capitalist societies. Part III examines alternative social formations—communes and co-operatives. This book will be a beneficial read for students and researchers of sociology.
Social Change and Development in India class 12 - NCERT - 23 (Sociology)
by National Council Of Educational Research And TrainingThe "Social Change and Development in India" textbook for class 12 covers various aspects of social change in India. It explores theories of social change, the impact of colonialism, rural and agrarian transformation, industrialization and urbanization, social movements, globalization, gender issues, education and health, and sustainable development. The book provides an understanding of the dynamics, factors, and implications of social change in the Indian context. It aims to equip students with knowledge about the societal changes that have occurred, their causes, and their effects on development.
Social Change and Development in India (Sociology) class 12 - Meghalaya Board
by Meghalaya Board of School EducationThis Social Change and Development in India Textbook will be an ideal book for the students of class 12 to learn sociology. The book maintains strict parity with the syllabus and the guidelines laid out by the CBSE. The enriched content will not only help the students to score good marks in their board examination but will also help them learn the basics of Sociology.
Social Change and Education in Greece
by Spyros ThemelisAims to inform students, scholars, and educators about the complex processes and factors that promote or impede education's potential to enhance individual advancement within the socioeconomic structure of a late-industrialized country within the context of modern capitalism.
Social Change And Family Processes: Arab Communities In Shefar-a'm
by Majid Al-hajIn this book, Majid Al-Haj analyzes the structure of family kinship groups, the role of women, and fertility among several Arab subcommunities in Israel. He combines historical materials, anthropological evidence, and several major surveys in tracing family and demographic patterns in a developing Arab community. This study is the first to compare Moslems, Christians, and Druze over time in the same community and to integrate issues of modernization and population for minorities. Particular attention is given to the analysis of "internal refugees" among Moslems, the separation of structural from cultural determinants of family patterns, and the distinction between behavior and norms associated with family lifestyles. This volume represents a fascinating case study of an Arab town in the transition to modernity under the conditions of changing layers of minority status in Israeli society. Moreover, the author addresses broader issues of modernization and demographic change characterizing the Middle East and other developing areas of the world where minority ethnic conflict and population processes are intertwined.
Social Change and Intersectional Activism
by Sharon Doetsch-KidderReading texts in relation to feminist, queer, and race theory and Buddhist philosophy, this book argues that an understanding of spirit is critical to explaining the power that social movements have to change hearts, minds, and social structures.
Social Change And The Middle Classes
by Mike SavageFirst Published in 1995. The study of the middle classes actually poses a variety of interesting challenges. Traditionally, the social scientific gaze has been directed either downwards, to the working classes, the poor and the dispossessed, or upwards, to the wealthy and powerful. For all these reasons, a collection of original papers on various aspects of the British middle classes seems an important venture that will cast valuable light on the course of social change in Britain more generally. This book is designed to bring together a series of accessible, high-quality research papers on various aspects of the British middle classes.
Social Change and Political Transformation: A New Europe? (Routledge Library Editions: British Sociological Association #5)
by Chris Rootes Howard DavisSocial Change in Political Transformation is thorough examination of political transformation the book features contributors from western and eastern Europe, giving their views on how European society and institutions are changing. The themes of social change, new movements and the development of European institutions are developed within a broad framework, and are supposed by considerable empirical detail relating to the European Community and a disaggregated eastern Europe. Students of political sociology, politics and European studies will all find this a useful text providing theories and explanations, as well as summaries of recent research.
Social Change and Politics: 1920-1976
by Morris JanowitzThis classic study deals with social control in advanced industrial society, especially the United States, and particularly the half-century after World War I. The United States is representative of Western advanced industrial nations that have been faced with marked strain in their political institutions. These nation-states have been experiencing a decline in popular confidence and distrust of the political process, an absence of decisive legislative majorities, and an increased inability to govern effectively, that is, to balance and to contain competing interest group demands and resolve political conflicts.Janowitz uses the sociological idea of social control to explore the sources of these political dilemmas. Social control does not imply coercion or the repression of the individual by societal institutions. Social control is, rather, the face of coercive control. It refers to the capacity of a social group, including a whole society, to regulate itself. Self-regulation implies a set of higher moral principles beyond those of self-interest.Since the end of World War II, the expanded scope of empirical research has profoundly transformed the sociological discipline. The repeated efforts to achieve a theoretical reformulation have left a positive residue, but there have been no new conceptual breakthroughs that are compelling. This book is a concerted and detailed effort organize and to make sense out of the vastly increased body of empirical research.
Social Change and Social Work: The Changing Societal Conditions of Social Work in Time and Place
by Timo Harrikari Pirkko-Liisa RauhalaSocial Change and Social Work discusses and examines how social work is challenged by social, political and economic tendencies going on in current societies. The authors ask how social work as a discipline and practice is encountering global and local transformations. Divided into three parts, topics covered include the changing social work mandate throughout history; social work paradigms and theoretical considerations; phenomenological social work; practice research; and gender and generational research. Taken together, the chapters in this anthology provide an authoritative and up-to-date overview of current discussions within the European social work research community.
Social Change in a Material World: How Activity and Material Processes Dynamize Practices (Routledge Studies in Social and Political Thought)
by Theodore R. SchatzkiSocial Change in a Material World offers a new, practice theoretical account of social change and its explanation. Extending the author’s earlier account of social life, and drawing on general ideas about events, processes, and change, the book conceptualizes social changes as configurations of significant differences in bundles of practices and material arrangements. Illustrated with examples from the history of bourbon distillation and the formation and evolution of digitally-mediated associations in contemporary life, the book argues that chains of activity combine with material events and processes to cause social changes. The book thereby stresses the significance of the material dimension of society for the constitution, determination, and explanation of social phenomena, as well as the types of space needed to understand them. The book also challenges the explanatory significance of such key phenomena as power, dependence, relations, mechanisms, and individual behavior. As such, it will appeal to sociologists, geographers, organization studies scholars, and others interested in social life and social change.