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Social Class, Language and Communication (Primary Socialization, Language and Education)
by W. Brandis D. HendersonOriginally published in 1970, Social Class, Language and Communication explores the different effects of parental social class, the ability and sex of the child and a measure of the mother’s reported communication to her child, upon aspects of five-year-old children’s speech. The study shows the relationship between a measure of linguistic flexibility in children and their family’s social class position and includes the construction and application of an index of maternal communication and control. Today it can be read in its historical context.
Social Class Language and Education (International Library of Sociology #Vol. 15)
by Denis LawtonTitles in the Class, Race and Social Structure set of the International Library of Sociology consider every problem of socio-political importance that affected society in the years following the Second World War.
Social Class, Social Action, and Education
by Aaron SchutzSchutz demonstrates that progressive ideas of democracy emerged out of the practices of a new middle class, reacting, in part, against the more conflictive social struggles of the working-class. The volume traces two distinct branches of democratic progressivism: collaborative and personalist.
Social Class, the Nominal Group and Verbal Strategies (Routledge Revivals)
by P R HawkinsFirst published in 1977, Social Class, the Nominal Group and Verbal Strategies reports on the results of a grammatical analysis of the speech of a large sample (about 300) of five-year-old middle- and working-class children. The author is concerned in particular to answer the questions: What is the relationship, within certain restricted contexts, between the use of particular grammatical structures and factors such as social class, IQ and sex? How are any differences in the type or frequency of structures to be interpreted? The central part of the book presents the results of a set of correlations: the correlations of linguistic categories on the one hand, with sociological or ‘background’ categories on the other. The author then sets this study and its results in the perspective of related research and comments on some aspects of the ‘deficit-difference’ controversy. Finally, he presents his own conclusions in a detailed discussion. He argues that, instead of trying to ascertain the purely linguistic competence of children from different backgrounds, we must rather compare the different verbal strategies they use in a particular situation or context. The book will be of interest to students of language, linguistics, pedagogy and education.
Social Cognition: Selected Works of Susan Fiske (World Library of Psychologists)
by Susan Professor FiskeIn the World Library of Psychologists series, international experts present career-long collections of what they judge to be their finest pieces—extracts from books, key articles, salient research findings, and their major practical theoretical contributions. Susan T. Fiske has an international reputation as an eminent scholar and pioneer in the field of social cognition. Throughout her distinguished career, she has investigated how people make sense of other people, using shortcuts that reveal prejudices and stereotypes. Her research in particular addresses how these biases are encouraged or discouraged by social relationships, such as cooperation, competition, and power. In 2013, she was elected to the National Academy of Sciences, and, in 2011, to the British Academy. She has also won several scientific honours, including the Guggenheim Fellowship, the APA Distinguished Scientific Contributions Award, the APS William James Fellow Award, as well as the European Federation of Psychologists’ Associations Wundt-James Award and honorary degrees in Belgium, the Netherlands, Spain, and Switzerland. This collection of selected publications illustrates the foundations of modern social cognition research and its development in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century. In a specially written introductory chapter, Fiske traces the key advances in social cognition throughout her career, and so this book will be invaluable reading for students and researchers in social cognition, person perception, and intergroup bias.
Social Cognition: From brains to culture
by Susan T. Fiske Shelley E. TaylorHow do people make sense of each other? How do people make sense of themselves? Social cognition attempts to explain the most fundamental of questions. It looks at why other people are not simply ‘objects’ to be perceived and how the social world provides dramatic and complex perspectives on the Self and Others. The subtitle of this book ‘From Brains to Culture’ reflects the journey that Social Cognition has been on since it first emerged as a dynamic and forward-looking field of research within social psychology. Structured in four clear parts, Social Cognition: From Brains to Culture begins with a clear outline of the basic concepts before moving into more topical sections: understanding individual selves and others, followed by making sense of society. The authors finish by looking beyond cognition to affect and behaviour. Challenging and rigorous, yet strikingly accessible, this book is essential reading for all students of social psychology from undergraduate to post-graduate and beyond.
Social Cognition: From brains to culture
by Susan T. Fiske Shelley E. TaylorHow do people make sense of each other? How do people make sense of themselves? Social cognition attempts to explain the most fundamental of questions. It looks at why other people are not simply ‘objects’ to be perceived and how the social world provides dramatic and complex perspectives on the Self and Others. The subtitle of this book ‘From Brains to Culture’ reflects the journey that Social Cognition has been on since it first emerged as a dynamic and forward-looking field of research within social psychology. Structured in four clear parts, Social Cognition: From Brains to Culture begins with a clear outline of the basic concepts before moving into more topical sections: understanding individual selves and others, followed by making sense of society. The authors finish by looking beyond cognition to affect and behaviour. Challenging and rigorous, yet strikingly accessible, this book is essential reading for all students of social psychology from undergraduate to post-graduate and beyond.
Social Cognition: How Individuals Construct Social Reality (Social Psychology Ser.)
by Rainer Greifeneder Herbert Bless Klaus FiedlerSocial cognition is a key area of social psychology, which focuses on cognitive processes that are involved when individuals make sense of, and navigate in their social world. For instance, individuals need to understand what they perceive, they learn and recall information from memory, they form judgments and decisions, they communicate with others, and they regulate their behavior. While all of these topics are also key to other fields of psychological research, it’s the social world—which is dynamic, complex, and often ambiguous—that creates particular demands. This accessible book introduces the basic themes within social cognition and asks questions such as: How do individuals think and feel about themselves and others? How do they make sense of their social environment? How do they interact with others in their social world? The book is organized along an idealized sequence of social information processing that starts at perceiving and encoding, and moves on to learning, judging, and communicating. It covers not only processes internal to the individual, but also facets of the environment that constrain cognitive processing. Throughout the book, student learning is fostered with examples, additional materials, and discussion questions. With its subdivision in ten chapters, the book is suitable both for self-study and as companion material for those teaching a semester-long course. This is the ideal comprehensive introduction to this thriving and captivating field of research for students of psychology.
Social Cognition: Understanding People and Events
by David L. Hamilton Steven N. StroessnerSocial cognition is an approach to understanding how people think about people and events. We are constantly processing information to navigate the world we live in. The authors will guide your students, using examples and up-to-date studies, through this approach; from explaining the processes themselves right through to demonstrating the role cognitive processes play in our social lives. With chapters on the following processes: · Memory · Judgement · Attention · Attribution · Evaluation · Automatic processing. This book will provide your students with a framework for understanding the most common areas of interest for Social Cognition, such as perception, attitudes and stereotyping.
Social Cognition: Understanding People and Events
by David L. Hamilton Steven N. StroessnerSocial cognition is an approach to understanding how people think about people and events. We are constantly processing information to navigate the world we live in. The authors will guide your students, using examples and up-to-date studies, through this approach; from explaining the processes themselves right through to demonstrating the role cognitive processes play in our social lives. With chapters on the following processes: · Memory · Judgement · Attention · Attribution · Evaluation · Automatic processing. This book will provide your students with a framework for understanding the most common areas of interest for Social Cognition, such as perception, attitudes and stereotyping.
Social Cognition (Routledge Modular Psychology)
by Donald C. PenningtonSocial Cognition looks at the way in which humans interpret, analyse and remember information about the social world. Topics covered include: attribution, social schemas and social representations, prejudice and discrimination. Suitable for the AQA-A A2 and AQA-B AS level examintation, mnd students studying social cognition for the first time at undergraduate level.Series DetailsThe Routledge Modular Psychology Series is a completely new approach to introductory level psychology, tailor-made for the new modular style of teaching. Each book covers a topic in more detail than any large textbook can, allowing teacher and student to select material exactly to suit any particular course or project. Especially written for those students new to higher-level study, whether at school, college or university, the books include the following designed features to help with technique: Practice essays with specialist commentary to show how to achieve a higher grade Chapter summaries and summaries of key research Glossary and further reading Progress and review exercises.
Social Cognition: The Basis of Human Interaction (Frontiers of Social Psychology)
by Fritz Strack Jens FörsterSocial cognition is an area of social psychology that has been flourishing over the past two decades. It has harnessed basic concepts from cognitive psychology and developed and refined them to explain human thinking, feeling, and acting in a social context. Moreover, social cognition has integrated emotional influences and unconscious processes to reach a more complete understanding of social psychological phenomena. In this volume, the reader will find a representative sample of outstanding research in the field of social cognition. The chapters address its central themes, roughly organized along the temporal axis of information processing. They include basic operations like perception, categorization, representation, and judgmental inferences. Other chapters focus on issues like social comparison, emotion, language and culture. All of the contributors are internationally-renowned experts who share with the reader their accounts of the research experience in each of their domains. Social Cognition: The Basis of Human Interaction is an invaluable resource for researchers requiring a comprehensive, yet concise, overview of the field, and may also be used by intermediate and advanced students of social cognition.
Social Cognition: From brains to culture
by Shelley E. Taylor Susan T. FiskeThe social world is complicated and our minds are limited, so we take shortcuts. You have to make quick decisions – this person is dangerous, this one is not. The shortcuts we take mostly work well enough, because, after all, we survive. But some are deeply unjust, including racial or social class categories or other unfair stereotypes. This book will help you understand how these shortcuts work, why they exist, and how they are changing. There are examples in each chapter which * Show applications in the real world to help with your understanding * Highlight significant pieces of research to help you demonstrate knowledge of a wide range of sources * Explain researching in social cognition to improve your skills and give ideas for your own research. Check out the accompanying online resources for more.
Social Cognition: From brains to culture
by Shelley E. Taylor Susan T. FiskeThe social world is complicated and our minds are limited, so we take shortcuts. You have to make quick decisions – this person is dangerous, this one is not. The shortcuts we take mostly work well enough, because, after all, we survive. But some are deeply unjust, including racial or social class categories or other unfair stereotypes. This book will help you understand how these shortcuts work, why they exist, and how they are changing. There are examples in each chapter which * Show applications in the real world to help with your understanding * Highlight significant pieces of research to help you demonstrate knowledge of a wide range of sources * Explain researching in social cognition to improve your skills and give ideas for your own research. Check out the accompanying online resources for more.
Social Cognition
by Shelley Kathleen Taylor Susan FiskeIn Social Cognition: From Brains to Culture 2nd Edition, Fiske and Taylor carefully integrate the many new threads of social cognition research that have emerged in the intervening years since the previous edition, including developments within social neuroscience, cultural psychology and some areas of applied psychology, and continue to tell a powerful and comprehensive story about what social cognition is and why it's a significant phenomenon in society today. Every updated chapter now includes more figures and tables, glossary entries, and further readings. A supplemental test bank including some full-text journal articles corresponding to chapters in the book is available online at: www.sagepub.co.uk/fiskeandtaylor.<P><P> This textbook will be indispensable to students of social cognition and social psychology worldwide, at undergraduate or graduate level. <P> Visit the Companion Website at www.sagepub.co.uk/fiskeandtaylor
Social Cognition: An Integrated Introduction
by Dr Iain Walker Ngaire Donaghue Dr Martha Augoustinos'A rich intellectual feast for the reader and for the field, one that represents both theories and data that have emerged from around the world' - Kay Deaux, Distinguished Professor of Psychology and Women's Studies, City University, New York `The time is ripe for this unique integration of the formerly disparate major approaches to social psychological issues. I highly recommend this readable and exciting review of social cognition topics. The core principles of the social cognition, social identity, social representations, and discursive approaches are clearly outlined in such a way that students will truly engage with the theories' - Nyla R Branscombe, Professor of Psychology, University of Kansas With a new structure, the Second Edition of this critically acclaimed textbook represents a much more `integrated' and pedagogically developed account of its predecessor. The authors examine the different theoretical and methodological accomplishments of the field by focusing on the four major and influential perspectives which have currency in social psychology today - social cognition, social identity, social representations and discursive psychology. A foundational chapter presenting an account of these perspectives is then followed by topic-based chapters from the point of view of each perspective in turn, discussing commonalities and divergences across each of them. Key features of Second Edition: - cross-referencing throughout the text - especially to the foundational chapter - key terms in bold which refer to a glossary at the back of the textbook - extensive pedagogical features: textboxes illustrating key studies, effective summaries and further readings in every chapter.
Social Cognition and Communication: Social Cognition And Communication (Sydney Symposium of Social Psychology)
by Joseph P. Forgas Orsolya Vincze János LászlóLanguage is the essence of interpersonal behavior and social relationships, and it is social cognitive processes that determine how we produce and understand language. However, there has been surprisingly little interest in the past linking social cognition and communication. This book presents the latest cutting-edge research from a select group of leading international scholars investigating the how language shapes our thinking, and how social cognitive processes in turn influence language production and communication. The chapters represent diverse perspectives of investigating the links between language and communication, including evolutionary, linguistic, cognitive and affective approaches as well as the empirical analysis of written and spoken narratives. New methodologies are presented including the latest techniques of text analysis to illuminate the psychology of individual language users, and entire cultures and societies. The chapters address such questions as how are cognitive and identity processes reflected in language? How do affective states influence language production? Are political correctness norms in language use effective? How do partners manage to accommodate to each other’s communicative expectations? What is the role of language as a medium of interpersonal and intergroup influence? How are individual and cultural identities reflected in, and shaped by narratives in literature, school texts and the media? The book is aimed at all students, researchers and laypersons interested in the interplay between thinking and communication, and should be required reading for all professionals who use language in their everyday work to interact with people.
Social Cognition and the Second Person in Human Interaction
by Diana I. Pérez Antoni GomilaThis book is a unique exploration of the idea of the "second person" in human interaction, the idea that face-to-face interactions involve a distinctive form of reciprocal mental state attributions that mediates their dynamical unfolding. Challenging the view of mental attribution as a sort of "theory of mind", Pérez and Gomila argue that the second person perspective of mental understanding is the conceptually, ontogenetically, and phylogenetically basic way of understanding mentality. Second person interaction provides the opportunity for the acquisition of concepts of mental states of increasing complexity. The book reviews the growing interest in a variety of second person phenomena, both in development and in adulthood, presenting research that shows how participants in human interaction attribute psychological states of a referentially transparent kind to each other. This review documents the spontaneous preference for face-to-face interaction, from eye contact to joint attention, from forms of vitality to communicative intentions, from interaction detection to joint action, and from synchrony to interpersonal coordination. Also looking at the implications and applications of the second person perspective within fields as diverse as art and morality, this book is fascinating reading for students and academics in social and cognitive psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, and philosophy.
Social Cognition, Inference, and Attribution
by R. S. Wyer, Jr. D. E. CarlstonFirst published in 1979.This book developed out of a series of general discussions between the authors on research and theory in person perception and attribution phenomena. During the course of this discussion, two things became clear. First, many of the traditional approaches to investigating these phenomena, made popular during the past decade by the advent of algebraic models of information integration, were not providing answers to several fundamental questions concerning the manner in which social stimulus information is interpreted, organized, and stored in memory, and the factors that affect its retrieval and use in making judgments of the people and events to which it is relevant. Second, many fundamental issues associated with the processing of social stimulus information were relevant to phenomena investigated in a variety of traditionally segregated areas (e.g., impression formation, attribution, social comparison, interpersonal attraction, belief and opinion change, etc.). However, these commonalities were rarely identified. This appeared to result from a tendency to focus on micro-theoretical formulations developed to account for a circumscribed set of phenomena, without considering these phenomena within a broader conceptual framework. This book is an attempt to respond to these various deficiencies.
Social Cognition, Social Identity, and Intergroup Relations: A Festschrift in Honor of Marilynn B. Brewer (Psychology Press Festschrift Series)
by Roderick M. Kramer Geoffrey J. Leonardelli Robert W. LivingstonPerhaps the defining feature of humanity is the social condition -- how we think about others, identify ourselves with others, and interact with groups of others. The advances of evolutionary theory, social cognition, social identity, and intergroup relations, respectively, as major fields of inquiry have been among the crowning theoretical developments in social psychology over the past three decades. Marilynn Brewer has been a leading intellectual figure in the advancement of each of them. Her theory and research have had international impact on the way we think about the self and its relation to others. This festschrift celebrates Marilynn’s numerous contributions to social psychology, and includes original contributions from both leading and rising social psychologists from around the world. The volume will be of interest to social psychologists, industrial/organizational psychologists, clinical psychologists, and sociologists.
Social-Cognitive Development in Context (Psychology Library Editions: Social Psychology)
by Felicisima SeraficaThe relationship between the cognitive and social spheres of human functioning and their context has long been regarded by social and behavioural scientists as a central theoretical issue. By the early 1980s a number of empirical studies had further elucidated the nature of this relationship but no attempt had been made to present a coherent picture of the research and developments in this increasingly popular area of study. Originally published in 1982, the topics covered in this book filled the gap admirably. They present a view of the development of aspects of the self and of self-other relations and how these two lines of development interact within a given context. All the contributions attempt to portray the child’s developing awareness of the self in relation to the social world, but all consider it from different perspectives and in varying degrees of detail. This useful collection, by a number of well-known contributors, should still be of great value to students of developmental and social psychology.
The Social Cognitive Neuroscience of Leading Organizational Change: TiER1 Performance Solutions' Guide for Managers and Consultants
by Robert A. SnyderIn a very understandable, practical, and accessible manner, this book applies recent groundbreaking findings from behavioral neuroscience to the most complex and vexing challenges in organizations today. In particular, it addresses managing large-scale organizational changes, such as mergers and acquisitions, providing lessons and tactics that can be usefully applied to in many different settings. In addition to discussing successful practices, it also identifies the reasons that most past comprehensive, long-term change projects have failed and unmasks the counterproductive effects of the typical evolutionary or emotion-based attempts to change group and individual behavior, using neuroscience as its principal tool.
Social Cognitive Theory: An Agentic Perspective on Human Nature
by Albert BanduraA comprehensive perspective on human nature by one of the undisputed masters of the psychological sciences The final book by psychology's most eminent modern figure, Dr. Albert Bandura, is the definitive concise presentation of his theoretical views. In Social Cognitive Theory: An Agentic Perspective on Human Nature, Bandura explains how his half-century of research and theory on the determinants of thought and action highlight people's capacity for agency: the ability to exert control over one's actions and the courses of one's development. He further explains how his basic theory and research have been applied, world-wide, for the betterment of the human condition. Readers will find: A thorough introduction to the author’s agentic-perspective on human nature Dr. Bandura's theoretical analyses of moral behavior and moral disengagement Applications of the basic principles of Social Cognitive Theory to personal and social change for human betterment An essential and groundbreaking resource for educational, health, and personality psychologists, Social Cognitive Theory: An Agentic Perspective on Human Nature will also prove indispensable to social and industrial/organizational psychologists.
Social Cohesion and Diversity in Urban Neighborhoods: Contradictions - Discussion - Implementation Procedures
by Rainer KilbIn the current urban development debate, the vision of a diverse urban neighborhood is often linked with social cohesion as a target aspect of favorable community development. This initially euphemistic connection is in need of explanation, as valid empirical findings suggest that with increasing socio-economic and socio-cultural differentiation, the probability of conflict becomes more pronounced, and social cohesion is likely to decrease. Nevertheless, this connection should be maintained, as social science findings on social polarization and segregation, social segmentation, and fragmentation indicate that urban spatial structures should be designed in such a way that social diversity among residents not only coexists but can also become cooperatively action-oriented within the framework of a community. The resulting conflicts of interest can, in their constructive version, serve as impulses for democratic understanding and decision-making. However, this requires integrative and manageable components, which a well-planned urban neighborhood can provide more effectively than urban sprawl or additive high-density residential silos developed solely for economic yield. How a diverse neighborhood could be planned, designed, implemented, and supported in its community-building process is illustrated and reflected upon using the example of a new neighborhood emerging in Mannheim.
Social Cohesion and Immigration in Europe and North America: Mechanisms, Conditions, and Causality (Routledge Advances in Sociology)
by Ruud Koopmans Bram Lancee Merlin SchaefferConcerns about immigration and the rising visibility of minorities have triggered a lively scholarly debate on the consequences of ethnic diversity for trust, cooperation, and other aspects of social cohesion. In this accessibly written volume, leading scholars explore where, when, and why ethnic diversity affects social cohesion by way of analyses covering the major European immigration countries, as well as the United States and Canada. They explore the merits of competing theoretical accounts and give rare insights into the underlying mechanisms through which diversity affects social cohesion. The volume offers a nuanced picture of the topic by explicitly exploring the conditions under which ethnic diversity affects the ‘glue’ that holds societies together. With its interdisciplinary perspective and contributions by sociologists, political scientists, social psychologists, as well as economists, the book offers the most comprehensive analysis of the link between ethnic diversity and social cohesion that is currently available.