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Virtuality and Humanity: Virtual Practice and Its Evolution from Pre-History to the 21st Century
by Sam N. Lehman-WilzigThis is a pioneering study of virtuality through human history: ancient-to-modern evolution and recent expansion; expression in many fields (chapters on Religion; Philosophy, Math, Physics; Literature and the Arts; Economics; Nationhood, Government and War; Communication); psychological and social reasons for its universality; inter-relationship with "reality." The book's thesis: virtuality was always an integral part of humanity in many areas of life, generally expanding over the ages. The reasons: 1- brain psychology; 2- virtuality's six functions — escape from boredom to relieving existential dread. Other questions addressed: How will future neuroscience, biotech and "compunications" affect virtuality? Can/should there be limits to human virtualizing?
Virtually Criminal: Crime, Deviance and Regulation Online
by Matthew WilliamsAmidst the sensationalist claims about the dangers of the Internet, Virtually Criminal provides an empirically grounded criminological analysis of deviance and regulation within an online community. It integrates theory and empiricism to forge an explanation of cybercrime whilst offering new insights into online regulation. One of the first studies to further our understanding of the causes of cyber deviance, crime and its control, this groundbreaking study from Matthew Williams takes the Internet as a site of social and cultural (re)production, and acknowledges the importance of online social/cultural formations in the genesis and regulation of cyber deviance and crime. A blend of criminological, sociological and linguistic theory, this book provides a unique understanding of the aetiology of cybercrime and deviance. Focus group and offence data are analyzed and an interrelationship between online community, deviance and regulation is established. The subject matter of the book is inherently transnational. It makes extensive use of a number of international case studies, ensuring it is relevant to readers in multiple countries (especially the US, the UK and Australasia). Pioneering and innovative, this fascinating book will be of interest to students and researchers across the disciplines of sociology, criminology, law and media and communication studies.
Virtually Lost: Young Americans in the Digital Technocracy (Routledge Advances in Sociology)
by Garry RobsonThis book examines the connections between the psycho-social difficulties and challenges faced by children and younger people in their online lives; the structure, character, and motivations of the corporate system ‘behind’ the screen; and the possibility that the digital technostructure may come to form the backbone of a new post-democratic system of technocratic governance. Much of the originality of this book lies in its blending of subjects that are not often combined, thereby offering a fresh perspective: ‘generation studies’; the philosophy of technology; the history of the idea of technocracy; the technologically enhanced merger of corporate・governmental power in the U.S. system; the society-shaping goals and capabilities of the big tax-exempt American foundations over the last hundred years; the elite ‘superclass’ gaming of formally constituted transnational and global institutions; and the way the United Nations-centred SDG・ESG system is itself developing in the direction of a technocratic system of economic and population management. The book will appeal to readers interested in relationships between our contemporary global power elite, the structures it has created and processes it has set in motion, and how these affect young people whose development is already being over-determined by the activities of the big Silicon Valley entities and their associates.
Virtue Hoarders: The Case against the Professional Managerial Class (Forerunners: Ideas First)
by Catherine LiuA denunciation of the credentialed elite class that serves capitalism while insisting on its own progressive heroism Professional Managerial Class (PMC) elite workers labor in a world of performative identity and virtue signaling, publicizing an ability to do ordinary things in fundamentally superior ways. Author Catherine Liu shows how the PMC stands in the way of social justice and economic redistribution by promoting meritocracy, philanthropy, and other self-serving operations to abet an individualist path to a better world. Virtue Hoarders is an unapologetically polemical call to reject making a virtue out of taste and consumption habits.Forerunners: Ideas First is a thought-in-process series of breakthrough digital publications. Written between fresh ideas and finished books, Forerunners draws on scholarly work initiated in notable blogs, social media, conference plenaries, journal articles, and the synergy of academic exchange. This is gray literature publishing: where intense thinking, change, and speculation take place in scholarship.
Virtuelle Führung in der Praxis: Ansätze und Herausforderungen in Remote-Unternehmen
by Anett StellerDie Digitalisierung der Arbeitswelt hat zu Veränderungen in der Struktur von Unternehmen und deren Arbeitsweisen geführt. Anett Steller untersucht die Herausforderungen und Praktiken der Führung in remote arbeitenden Unternehmen. Im Mittelpunkt der Analyse stehen die Führungsstile und -praktiken, die in virtuellen Teams als effektiv wahrgenommen werden, sowie die Faktoren, die für eine erfolgreiche Zusammenarbeit entscheidend sind. Durch eine Kombination aus Literaturreview und empirischer Feldforschung, bestehend aus Beobachtungen und Interviews mit Führungskräften und Mitarbeitenden, werden Einblicke in die realen Bedingungen und Prozesse der virtuellen Führung gewonnen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass erfolgreiche virtuelle Führung eine Kombination aus transformationalen und dyadischen Ansätzen erfordert. Die Arbeit leistet einen Beitrag zur Forschung in der Berufs- und Wirtschaftspädagogik, indem sie aufzeigt, wie Führungskräfte die spezifischen Herausforderungen der digitalisierten Arbeitswelt durch angepasste Kommunikationsstrategien und Führungsmethoden meistern können, indem eine Konzeption zur virtuellen Führung skizziert wird.
Virtues as Integral to Science Education: Understanding the Intellectual, Moral, and Civic Value of Science and Scientific Inquiry (Routledge International Studies in the Philosophy of Education)
by Wayne Melville; Donald KerrBy investigating the re-emergence of intellectual, moral, and civic virtues in the practice and teaching of science, this text challenges the increasing professionalization of science; questions the view of scientific knowledge as objective; and highlights the relationship between democracy and science. Written by a range of experts in science, the history of science, education and philosophy, the text establishes the historical relationship between natural philosophy and the Aristotelian virtues before moving to the challenges that the relationship faces, with the emergence, and increasing hegemony, brought about by the professionalization of science. Exploring how virtues relate to citizenship, technology, and politics, the chapters in this work illustrate the ways in which virtues are integral to understanding the values and limitations of science, and its role in informing democratic engagement. The text also demonstrates how the guiding virtues of scientific inquiry can be communicated in the classroom to the benefit of both individuals and wider societies. Scholars in the fields of Philosophy of Science, Ethics and Philosophy of Education, as well as Science Education, will find this book to be highly useful.
Virtues of Openness: Education, Science, and Scholarship in the Digital Age (Interventions: Education, Philosophy, And Culture Ser.)
by Michael A. Peters Peter RobertsShould all academic writings be free for us by anyone on the Web? The Virtues of Openness examines the complex history of the concept of the open society before beginning a systematic investigation of openness in relation to the book, the "open text" and the written word. These changes are discussed in relation to the development of new open spaces of scholarship with their impact upon open journal systems, open peer review, open science, and the open global digital economy. The Virtues of Openness argues that openness suggests political transparency and the norms of open inquiry, indeed, even democracy itself as both the basis of the logic of inquiry and the dissemination of its results.
Virtuous Pagans: Unreligious People in America (Routledge Library Editions: Sociology of Religion #18)
by Thomas H. DavenportThis book, first published in 1991, examines the unreligious of America. Most sociologists of religion viewed religious belief and behaviour as having strong positive function for individual well-being – with the implicit assumption that unreligious individuals would lack meaning in life. This book applies statistical approaches to modelling causality as it analyses a controversial topic in American sociology.
Virtuous Vice: Homoeroticism and the Public Sphere
by Eric O. ClarkeIn this daring study of queer life and the public sphere, Eric O. Clarke examines the effects of inclusion within public culture. Departing from studies that emphasize homophobia and its mechanisms of exclusion, Virtuous Vice details how mainstream efforts to represent queers affirmatively continually fall short of full democratic enfranchisement. Clarke draws on contemporary writings along with late-eighteenth- and nineteenth-century English and European cultural history to investigate how concepts of value, representation, and homoeroticism have interacted and circulated in the West since the Enlightenment. Examining the role of eroticism in citizenship and why only normalizing constructions of homosexuality enable inclusion, Clarke reconsiders the work of Habermas and Foucault in relation to contemporary visibility politics, Kant's moral and political theory, Marx's analysis of value, and the sexualized dynamics of the Victorian cultural public sphere. The juxtaposition of Habermas with Foucault reveals the surprising value of reading the former in the context of queer politics and the usefulness of the theory of the public sphere for understanding contemporary identity politics and the visibility politics of the 1990s. Examining how a host of nonsexual factors impinge historically upon the constitution of sexual identities and practices, Clarke negotiates the relation between questions of publicity and categories of value. Discussions of television sitcoms (such as Ellen), marketing techniques, authenticity, and literary culture add to this daring analysis of visibility politics. As a critique of the claim that equal representation of gays and lesbians necessarily constitutes progress, this significant intervention into social theory will find enthusiastic readers in the fields of Victorian, cultural, literary, and gay and lesbian studies, as well as other fields engaged with categories of identity.
Viruses in all Dimensions: How an Information Code Controls Viruses, Software and Microorganisms
by Rafael BallMicroorganisms, viruses, and computer programs encode all the information necessary to reproduce and spread themselves. Yet these mechanisms are amazingly similar in the animate world, in the world of viruses, and even in the world of technical systems. The book shows how great the parallels are between these various animate and inanimate replicating systems and what they are based on.The excursion also leads into the fascinating world of genetics, to the question of what defines life and into the programming of software that multiplies itself independently. Finally, the question is derived whether and to what extent such self-replicating technical systems can become as dangerous as infectious viruses in triggering pandemics, such as the Corona pandemic in 2020.
Visave Shatak Ani Samajwad: विसावे शतक आणि समाजवाद
by Prof. K.N. Valsangkarआपल्या कल्पनेतील समाजवादी समाजाच्या जीवनाचे कलाक्तक चित्र कल्पक लेखकांनी रंगविले आहे. वास्तववादी इतिहासकारांनी समाजवादी विचार आणि आचारातील प्रगतीच्या मार्गातील निरनिराळ्या गटांचा मागोवा घेतला आहे. भविष्यातील समाजवादी समाजाची घटना राजकीय सैद्धांतिकांनी तयार केली आहे. अर्थशास्त्रज्ञांनी समाजवादी अर्थव्यवस्थेबाबत चर्चा केली आहे; एवढेच नव्हे तर सत्ता मिळाल्यास प्रत्यक्ष काय कृती केली जाईल याची माहिती देणारे अनेक कार्यक्रम समाजवादी पक्षाने मांडले आहेत. समाजवादी नीतिशास्त्राच्या भूमिकेतून आर्थिक व्यवस्थेच्या क्षेत्राचा विचार या ठिकाणी अभिप्रेत आहे. “समाजवाद हा मूलतः नैतिक प्रश्न आहे आणि मानव व त्याचे बांधव यांच्यातील परस्पर संबंधाशी समाजवाद प्रामुख्याने निगडीत आहे.” चांगल्या समाजाच्या आमच्या कल्पनेत अंतर्भूत असलेला आदर्शवाद आणि असा समाज प्रत्यक्षात आणण्यासाठी आवश्यक असलेला वास्तववाद या दोहोंचा समन्वय साधणाऱ्या उद्याच्या समाजवादी अर्थव्यवस्थेबाबत व्यापक नि तर्कनिष्ठ भूमिका मांडणे हाच हेतू आहे.
Visibility Interrupted: Rural Queer Life and the Politics of Unbecoming
by Carly ThomsenA questioning of the belief in the power of LGBTQ visibility through the lives of queer women in the rural Midwest Today most LGBTQ rights supporters take for granted the virtue of being &“out, loud, and proud.&” Most also assume that it would be terrible to be LGBTQ in a rural place. By considering moments in which queerness and rurality come into contact, Visibility Interrupted argues that both positions are wrong. In the first monograph on LGBTQ women in the rural Midwest, Carly Thomsen deconstructs the image of the rural as a flat, homogenous, and anachronistic place where LGBTQ people necessarily suffer. And she suggests that visibility is not liberation and will not lead to liberation. Far from being an unambiguous good, argues Thomsen, visibility politics can, in fact, preclude collective action. They also advance metronormativity, postraciality, and capitalism. To make these interventions, Thomsen develops the theory of unbecoming: interrogating the relationship between that which we celebrate and that which we find disdainful—the past, the rural, politics—is crucial for developing alternative subjectivities and politics. Unbecoming precedes becoming. Drawing from critical race studies, disability studies, and queer Marxism, in addition to feminist and queer studies, the insights of this book will be useful to scholars theorizing issues far beyond sexuality and place and to social justice activists who want to move beyond visibility.
Visible Cities, Global Comics: Urban Images and Spatial Form
by Benjamin FraserCHOICE Outstanding Academic Title for 2020More and more people are noticing links between urban geography and the spaces within the layout of panels on the comics page. Benjamin Fraser explores the representation of the city in a range of comics from across the globe. Comics address the city as an idea, a historical fact, a social construction, a material-built environment, a shared space forged from the collective imagination, or as a social arena navigated according to personal desire. Accordingly, Fraser brings insights from urban theory to bear on specific comics. The works selected comprise a variety of international, alternative, and independent small-press comics artists, from engravings and early comics to single-panel work, graphic novels, manga, and trading cards, by artists such as Will Eisner, Tsutomu Nihei, Hariton Pushwagner, Julie Doucet, Frans Masereel, and Chris Ware. In the first monograph on this subject, Fraser touches on many themes of modern urban life: activism, alienation, consumerism, flânerie, gentrification, the mystery story, science fiction, sexual orientation, and working-class labor. He leads readers to images of such cities as Barcelona, Buenos Aires, London, Lyon, Madrid, Montevideo, Montreal, New York, Oslo, Paris, São Paolo, and Tokyo. Through close readings, each chapter introduces readers to specific comics artists and works and investigates a range of topics related to the medium’s spatial form, stylistic variation, and cultural prominence. Mainly, Fraser mixes interest in urbanism and architecture with the creative strategies that comics artists employ to bring their urban images to life.
Visible Thought: The New Psychology of Body Language
by Geoffrey BeattieAre you saying one thing whilst your hands reveal another? Are you influenced by other people's body language without even knowing it? Darting through examples found anywhere from the controlled psychology laboratory to modern advertising and the Big Brother TV phenomenon, official Big Brother psychologist Geoffrey Beattie takes on the issue of what our everyday gestures mean and how they affect our relationships with other people. For a long time psychologists have misunderstood body language as an emotional nonverbal side effect. In this book Geoffrey Beattie ranges across the history of communication from Cicero to Chomsky to demonstrate that by adding to or even contradicting what we say, gestures literally make our true thoughts visible. A unique blend of popular examples and scientific research presented in language that everybody can understand, Visible Thought is an accessible and groundbreaking text that will appeal to those interested in social psychology and anyone who wants to delve beneath the surface of human interaction. Geoffrey Beattie is the official Big Brother psychologist and Professor at the Department of Psychology, University of Manchester. He is a recipient of the Spearman Medal awarded by the British Psychological Society for 'published psychological work of outstanding merit'.
Vision Zero for Sustainable Road Safety in Baltic Sea Region: Proceedings of the International Conference “Vision Zero for Sustainable Road Safety in Baltic Sea Region”, 5–6 December 2018, Vilnius, Lithuania (Lecture Notes in Intelligent Transportation and Infrastructure)
by Olegas Prentkovskis Andras Varhelyi Vidas ŽuraulisThis book gathers papers presented at the International Conference “Vision Zero for Sustainable Road Safety in Baltic Sea Region”, held on December 2018 at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, in Vilnius, Lithuania. Taking as a starting point the multi-national road traffic safety program Vision Zero, originated in Sweden in 1995, the book aims at showing the current situation in different countries, in terms of achieved results and new challenges in both policy implementation and available technologies. A special emphasis is given to themes such as safety of smart vehicles, human factors, public education, and urban planning. The book offers an extensive source of information and ideas concerning innovative transportation technologies and infrastructure. It addresses both researchers and decision-makers in this field.
Vision and Society: Towards a Sociology and Anthropology from Art (Routledge Advances in Sociology)
by John ClammerThe sociology of art is now an established sub-discipline of sociology. But little work has been done to explore the implications not of society on art, but of art on the nature and principles of sociology itself. Vision and Society explores the ways in which art (here mainly understood as visual art) structures in fundamental ways the constitution of society, the relations between societies and the ways in which society and culture should be theorized. Building initially on an unfulfilled project by the French sociologist of art Nathalie Heinich to derive a sociology from art, this book pushes this idea in unconventional directions. Rethinking the relationships between the study of art and the study of sociology and anthropology, this book explores how this rethinking might impact sociological theory in general, and certain aspects of it in particular – especially the study of social movements, social change, the urban, the constitution of space and the ways in which human social relationships are mediated and expressed.
Vision and Verticality: A Multidisciplinary Approach (Social Visualities)
by Dennis Zuev Gary BratchfordThis rich and accessible volume maps current debates within the expanded field of image-based, vertical analysis. With contributions from astronauts, artists, architects, sociologists, urbanists, visual culture theorists, geographers, anthropologists and more the book signals new moves in inter and multidisciplinary research on visual-vertical thinking and related practices within the social sciences, humanities and across the arts. Grounded in socio-visual thinking, Vision and Verticality addresses the emerging shift in the way social scientists move from a sociology of or through images towards a sociology with images. In doing so, this volume illustrates how the sky and atmosphere remain a surprisingly underexplored domain within visual sociology, beyond the framework of drone-related research. Finally, this volume asserts how vertical and atmospherically framed socio-visual analysis is beginning to shape and inform how we see and experience urban spaces, travel, leisure, politics, and environmental challenges through various prisms, including artistic practices, methodological processes, and user-generated content.
Visions and Voice-Hearing in Medieval and Early Modern Contexts (Palgrave Studies in Literature, Science and Medicine)
by Corinne Saunders Hilary PowellThis book examines how the experiences of hearing voices and seeing visions were understood within the cultural, literary, and intellectual contexts of the medieval and early modern periods. In the Middle Ages, these experiences were interpreted according to frameworks that could credit visionaries or voice-hearers with spiritual knowledge, and allow them to inhabit social roles that were as much desired as feared. Voice-hearing and visionary experience offered powerful creative possibilities in imaginative literature and were often central to the writing of inner, spiritual lives. Ideas about such experience were taken up and reshaped in response to the cultural shifts of the early modern period. These essays, which consider the period 1100 to 1700, offer diverse new insights into a complex, controversial, and contested category of human experience, exploring literary and spiritual works as illuminated by scientific and medical writings, natural philosophy and theology, and the visual arts. In extending and challenging contemporary bio-medical perspectives through the insights and methodologies of the arts and humanities, the volume offers a timely intervention within the wider project of the medical humanities. Chapters 2 and 5 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Visions of Beirut: The Urban Life of Media Infrastructure
by Hatim El-HibriIn Visions of Beirut Hatim El-Hibri explores how the creation and circulation of images has shaped the urban spaces and cultural imaginaries of Beirut. Drawing on fieldwork and texts ranging from maps, urban plans, and aerial photographs to live television and drone-camera footage, El-Hibri traces the histories of how the technologies and media infrastructure that visualize the city are used to consolidate or destabilize regimes of power. Throughout the twentieth century, colonial, economic, and military mapping projects helped produce and govern its spaces. In the 1990s, the imagery of its post-civil war downtown reconstruction cast Beirut as a site of financial investment in ways that obscured its ongoing crises. During and following the 2006 Israel/Hizbullah war, Hizbullah's use of live television broadcasts of fighting and protests along with its construction of a war memorial museum at a former secret military bunker demonstrate the tension between visualizing space and the practices of concealment. Outlining how Beirut's urban space and public life intertwine with images and infrastructure, El-Hibri interrogates how media embody and exacerbate the region's political fault lines.
Visions of Financial Order: National Institutions and the Development of Banking Regulation (Princeton Studies in Global and Comparative Sociology)
by Kim PernellHow differences in national financial regulatory systems emerged from divergent beliefs about economic order and prosperityThe global financial crisis of the late 2000s was marked by the failure of regulators to rein in risk-taking by banks. And yet regulatory issues varied from country to country, with some national financial regulatory systems proving more effective than others. In Visions of Financial Order, Kim Pernell traces the emergence of important national differences in financial regulation in the decades leading up to the crisis. To do so, she examines the cases of the United States, Canada, and Spain—three countries that subscribed to the same transnational regulatory framework (the Basel Capital Accord) but developed different regulatory policies in areas that would directly affect bank performance during the financial crisis.In a broad historical analysis that extends from the rise of the first modern chartered banks in the 1780s through the major financial crises of the twentieth century and the Basel Capital Accord of 1988, Pernell shows how the different (and sometimes competing) principles of order embedded in each country&’s regulatory and political institutions gave rise to distinctive visions of order and prosperity, which shaped subsequent financial regulatory design. Pernell argues that the different worldviews of national banking regulators reflected cultural beliefs about the ideal way to organize economic life to promote order, stability, and prosperity. Visions of Financial Order offers an innovative perspective on the persistent differences between regulatory institutions and the ways they shaped the unfolding of the 2008 global financial crisis.
Visions of Marriage: Politics and Family on Kinmen, 1920-2020 (Asian Anthropologies #15)
by Hsiao-Chiao ChiuGrounded in multi-generational stories from Kinmen in Taiwan, Visions of Marriage explores the historical entanglements between the pursuit of new personal and national futures. Focusing on the relational and future-making aspects of marriage, the ethnography highlights the intersection of transformations across familial generations and shifting political economies in Taiwan, and more globally. While theories of modernity often treat marriage as an index of social change, without adequate attention to its transformative capacities generated through personal and familial agency, this volume provides comparative insights on family change and demographic shifts in Asia.
Visions of Schooling: Conscience, Community, and Common Education
by Rosemary C. Salomone"In this book, Rosemary Salomone sets aside the ideological and inflammatory rhetoric that surrounds today's debates over educational values and family choice. She offers instead a fair-minded examination of education for democratic citizenship in a society that values freedom of conscience and religious pluralism. And she proposes a balanced course of action that redefines but does not sever the relationship between education and the state. "--BOOK JACKET. Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Visions of Sustainability for Arts Education: Value, Challenge and Potential (Yearbook of Arts Education Research for Cultural Diversity and Sustainable Development #3)
by Benjamin Bolden Neryl JeanneretThis book stems from the 2019 meeting of the UNESCO UNITWIN international network for Arts Education Research for Cultural Diversity and Sustainable Development. It presents scholarly, international perspectives on issues surrounding arts education and sustainability that addresses the following questions: What value can the arts add to the education of citizens of the 21st century?; What are the challenges and ways forward to realize the potential of arts education in diverse contexts? The book discusses empirical research and exemplary practices in the arts and arts education around the world, presenting sound theoretical and methodological frames and approaches. It identifies policy implications at national, regional and global levels that cut across social, economic, environmental and cultural dimensions of sustainable development.
Visions of Sustainability: Cities and Regions
by Hildebrand Frey Paul YaneskeThis book examines the sustainability of cities and regions and concludes that currently sustainability is not achievable. By identifying how cities and regions in the past have maintained or lost sustainability and how cities and regions of today might achieve sustainability in the future, it gives a clear definition, and an understanding of the true meaning, of sustainability provides a new conceptual framework for the assessment of the sustainability of cities and regions reveals what options are available for humankind to achieve or loose sustainability identifies research that will allow the systematic establishment of the appropriate indicators for sustainable development in cities and regions. Presenting a framework to guide and direct research in the measures needed to achieve and maintain sustainability, the book will be of considerable help to local authorities and political and government bodies responsible for establishing guidelines for the planning and monitoring of sustainable urban development. It will be of fundamental interest to ecologists, environmentalists, geographers, regional planners and urban designers, both in private practice and academia.