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A Real-time Approach to Distillation Process Control
by Brent R. Young Michael A. Taube Isuru A. UdugamaA Real-Time Approach to Distillation Process Control A practical and hands-on discussion of modern distillation control In A Real-time Approach to Distillation Process Control, a team of distinguished researchers and industrial practitioners delivers a practical text combining hands-on and active learning using process simulation with discussions of the fundamental knowledge and tools required to apply modern distillation control principles. The book offers a balanced, real-time approach integrated with practical insights. It includes many exercises designed to be simulator agnostic that can be performed on the process simulator locally available to the reader. Readers will discover explorations of topics including distillation control hardware, distillation composition control, refinery versus chemical plant distillation control, distillation control tuning, advanced regulatory control, and more. They’ll also find: A thorough introduction to distillation fundamentals, as well as basic and advanced modern controls from a practical point of view Comprehensive explorations of known base controls combined with modern control practices Practical discussions of hands-on modelling and simulation exercises, allowing the reader to design and tune controls on a distillation column Fulsome treatments of control structure design integrated with controller tuning using a real-time approach Perfect for senior undergraduate and graduate students studying general process control or distillation process control, A Real-time Approach to Distillation Process Control will also benefit plant managers, production supervisors, startup supervisors, operations engineers, production engineers, and chemical engineers working in industry.
A Reference Architecture for Real-Time Performance Measurement: An Approach to Monitor and Control Manufacturing Processes (Progress in IS)
by Sachin KaradgiThis book describes how manufacturing enterprises, by reinforcing their existing monitoring and control of manufacturing processes, can successfully face the ever-increasing pressure from internal and external environments to maintain their competitive advantage. Numerous performance measurement systems have been elaborated to satisfy these requirements, stressing the importance of financial and operational metrics. It also highlights the fact that research on generating and linking financial and operational metrics, especially in real-time, has not garnered sufficient attention to date. The book follows an approach that integrates enterprises across different levels and departments. By computing and linking the financial and operational metrics in real-time, the book demonstrates how to provide a comprehensive view of an entire enterprise.
A Region in Transition: North East England at the Millennium (Urban and Regional Planning and Development Series)
by John Tomaney Neil WardThe UK has now joined a Europe-wide trend towards more devolved forms of government (e.g. Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland Assemblies). In the context of this general trend towards regionalizm as a focus for public policy and as a source of cultural and political identity, an interdisciplinary team from Newcastle University combine to analyze how this affects the North East of England. There has been comparatively little published on the contemporary development of English Regions and the North East is a particularly important case study, as throughout the 1990s it has experienced a range of social, economic and political changes. This book will contribute to key contemporary policy debates, which will affect all of the English regions and should be read by all social scientists interested in European regional development.
A Remote Integrated Testbed for Cooperating Objects (SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering)
by Jose Ramiro Martinez-de Dios Adrian Jimenez-Gonzalez Alberto San Bernabe Anibal OlleroTestbeds are gaining increasing relevance in research domains and also in industrial applications. However, very few books devoted to testbeds have been published. To the best of my knowledge no book on this topic has been published. This book is particularly interesting for the growing community of testbed developers. I believe the book is also very interesting for researchers in robot-WSN cooperation. This book provides detailed description of a system that can be considered the first testbed that allows full peer-to-peer interoperability between heterogeneous robots and ubiquitous systems such as Wireless Sensor Networks, camera networks and pervasive computing systems. The system architecture includes modules that allows full bidirectional communication between robots and WSN. One robot can The book describes the current state of the art in development of testbeds integrating Cooperating Object technologies. It describes in detail the testbed specification and design using requirements extracted from surveys among experts in robotics and ubiquitous systems in academia and industry. The book also describes the testbed novel architecture and its hardware and software components. Moreover, it includes details on user support tools to facilitate its use such as remote use using a virtual private network and sets of functionalities of interest for members from the robotics, WSN and robot-WSN communities. Finally, the book illustrates its capabilities and potentialities describing the implementation of some of the experiments that have been performed. Examples from the robotics, WSN and robot-WSN communities are described.
A Research Agenda for Geographic Information Science
by E. Lynn Usery Robert B. McMasterA close relationship exists between GIS and numerous applications, including cartography, photogrammetry, geodesy, surveying, computer and information science, and statistics, among others. Scientists coined the term "geographic information science (GIScience)" to describe the theory behind these fields. A Research Agenda for Geographic Information
A Research Primer for Technical Communication: Methods, Exemplars, and Analyses
by Pam Estes Brewer George F HayhoeThis fully revised edition provides a practical introduction to research methods for anyone conducting and critically reading technical communication research. The first section discusses the role of research in technical communication and explains in plain language how to conduct and report such research. It covers both quantitative and qualitative methods, as well as surveys, usability studies, and literature reviews. The second section presents a collection of research articles that serve as exemplars of these major types of research projects, each followed by commentary breaking down how it corresponds to the information on that research type. In addition to five new chapters of exemplars and commentaries, this second edition contains a new chapter on usability studies. This book is an essential introduction to research methods for students of technical communication and for industry professionals who need to conduct and engage with research on the job.
A Research Primer for Technical Communication: Methods, Exemplars, and Analyses
by George F. Hayhoe Michael A. HughesThis practical volume provides a thorough introduction to conducting and critically reading research in technical communication, complete with exemplars of research articles for study. Offering a solid grounding in the research underpinnings of the technical communication field, this resource has been developed for use in master’s level and upper-division undergraduate research methods courses in technical and professional communication.
A Retractable Guidance System for Mine Shaft Hoists
by Paweł KamińskiRope guidance of conveyances is commonly used in shafts of underground mines in numerous countries on almost every continent. This safe and economical way of guiding skips and cages does have one disadvantage, however, which is especially troublesome in the conditions present in the Polish mining industry. Rope-guided conveyances require additional support at mine levels, while shafts of Polish coal mines usually operate on many levels. Additional stiff guidance at mine levels used as a support negatively affects the effectiveness of rope-guided hoisting systems. The retractable guidance system was originally introduced at the 960 m level in the Leon IV shaft of the Rydułtowy coal mine in Rydułtowy (currently ROW mine, Rydułtowy department), Silesian voivodeship, Poland. This construction, consisting of moveable elements, similar to the typical stiff guidance used at mine levels, serves as a support for the conveyance whenever necessary. When it is retracted, it allows the cage to travel at full speed through the level, increasing the degree of effectiveness of the hoisting system of the Leon IV shaft. The retractable guidance system, the solution presented in this book, is a pioneering approach in the Polish mining industry. It has allowed improvement of the level of effectiveness of the Leon IV shaft of the Rydułtowy colliery. It is an innovative opportunity for rope guidance systems worldwide, as it solves their biggest problem in multi-level shafts.
A Review of Biomaterials and Their Applications in Drug Delivery (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Andreas Öchsner Hamid Reza Rezaie Mohammadhossein Esnaashary Abolfazl Aref ArjmandThis book reviews drug delivery systems as mechanisms to introduce therapeutic agents into the body to help or improve tissue function, and examines different drug delivery systems applied in various organs. To date, polymeric systems, ceramic particles or composites have been used in different applications such as injectable, coatings of implants, scaffolds, or implantable devices. Such systems should be able to retain the therapeutic agent and release it in uniform amounts at a specific time.
A Review of Landfill Leachate: Characterization Leachate Environment Impacts and Sustainable Treatment Methods (Springer Water)
by Salah Souabi Abdelkader AnouzlaSolid waste landfilling and related environmental issues have become global concerns, particularly in developing countries. Accelerating population growth and changing lifestyles have exacerbated health and environmental challenges. This book looks at the global ramifications of leachate characterization and environmental impacts, highlighting the different issues related to landfilling, such as leachate generation and its constituents. When water enters a landfill, it assimilates the dissolved components of the decomposing waste, thus forming a leachate with considerable impacts on the environment. The nature of the landfill and the waste received (household waste alone or mixed with industrial waste) determine whether the leachate produced is hazardous or not. The decomposition of solid waste in landfills goes through several stages, including an initial aerobic phase, an anaerobic acid phase, an initial methanogenic phase and a stable methanogenic phase. Leachates can contain significant concentrations of heavy metals, inorganic salts, ammonia, halogenated hydrocarbons, suspended matter, organic pollutants in significant quantities... Generally, leachate discharges are rich in phenol, highly toxic polluting ammonium. Ecotoxicological assessment of this effluent is essential to determine the impact of its contaminants on the aquatic ecosystem. If pollutants are not disposed of properly, leachate from landfills can potentially enter soils and subsoils, severely contaminating surface and groundwater bodies. Therefore, reducing pollutant levels through leachate treatment has garnered considerable attention in recent decades. This publication is an invaluable resource, providing up-to-date information on the impact and characterization of leachate landfills. It is therefore time to accentuate the training of executives with all the skills to facilitate the waste management through the research efforts of academics, in the field of solid wastelandfill operations.
A Review of NASA's Atmospheric Effects of Stratospheric Aircraft Project
by Panel on Atmospheric Effects of AviationA Review of NASA's Atmospheric Effects of Stratospheric Aircraft Project
A Review of the Alumina/Ag-Cu-Ti Active Metal Brazing Process
by Tahsin Ali KassamA Review of the Alumina/Ag-Cu-Ti Active Metal Brazing Process is based on the PhD thesis entitled "The Effects of Alumina Purity, Ticusil® Braze Preform Thickness and Post-grinding Heat Treatment, on the Microstructure, Mechanical and Nanomechanical Properties of Alumina-to-Alumina Brazed Joints" which was awarded by Imperial College London’s CASC Steering Group as the 2017 recipient of the Professor Sir Richard Brook Prize (sponsored by Morgan Advanced Materials plc) for Best Ceramics PhD Thesis in the UK. It focusses on the alumina/Ag-Cu-Ti system to cover the active metal brazing of ceramics, variables involved in the process, and the effects of these variables on wetting, interfacial reaction layer formation, and joint strength. The comprehensive review brings together findings from the literature into one place, and presents key concepts in a concise and easy- to-read manner.
A Review on Dental Materials (Advanced Structured Materials #123)
by Andreas Öchsner Hamid Reza Rezaie Hassan Beigi Rizi Mojdeh Mahdi Rezaei KhamsehThis book discusses the current biomaterials used for dental applications and the basic sciences underpinning their application. The most critical structures in the oral cavity are the teeth, which play a central role in speaking, biting, chewing, tasting and swallowing. Teeth consist of three types of tissue: the cementum, enamel and dentin, with bone and gingival tissue serving as supporting structures. Caries, tooth wear, trauma and mechanical defects can lead to severe facial conditions; however, correcting these defects remains a challenge for scientists and dentists. Presenting insights form a broad range of disciplines, including materials science, biology, physiology and clinical science, this book provides a timely review of the principles, processing and application of dental materials.
A Review on Recent Echocardiographic Software: Advancing the Field through the Emerging Science
by Mersedeh Karvandi Saeed RanjbarThis book provides simplified, easy-to-understand descriptions of the echocardiographic software used in conjunction with different echocardiography machines, such as those from Toshiba, Philips, GE, and Siemens, and explains how these sophisticated systems can best be used to exploit fully their ability to deliver more precise diagnoses and assist in treatment choice and follow-up. A variety of applications are covered, with presentation of algorithms and highlighting of tips and tricks. The emphasis is on the most recent advances in software and emerging benefits. In addition to its clinical relevance, the book highlights relevant links between cardiology and the basic sciences and should assist in promoting future novel research that will further advance the field. It will be of value for cardiologists, other interested clinicians, those pursuing fellowships in echocardiography, and sonographers; it will also be highly relevant for biomedical engineers, biomathematicians, computer scientists, and researchers in medical physics.
A Revised Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon - Volume 7
by M.D DassanayakeSeventh volume (in no planned sequence) of the revision of the works of Trimen, Alston, Abeywickrama. A worthy successor to a great and extremely scarce work. We lament that this revision is printed on acidic paper. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
A Revolution Down On the Farm: The Transformation of American Agriculture Since 1929
by Paul K. ConkinAt a time when food is becoming increasingly scarce in many parts of the world and food prices are skyrocketing, no industry is more important than agriculture. Humans have been farming for thousands of years, and yet agriculture has undergone more fundamental changes in the past 80 years than in the previous several centuries. <p><p> In 1900, 30 million American farmers tilled the soil or tended livestock; today there are fewer than 4.5 million farmers who feed a population four times larger than it was at the beginning of the century. Fifty years ago, the planet could not have sustained a population of 6.5 billion; now, commercial and industrial agriculture ensure that millions will not die from starvation. Farmers are able to feed an exponentially growing planet because the greatest industrial revolution in history has occurred in agriculture since 1929, with U.S. farmers leading the way. Productivity on American farms has increased tenfold, even as most small farmers and tenants have been forced to find other work. <p><p> Today, only 300,000 farms produce approximately ninety percent of the total output, and overproduction, largely subsidized by government programs and policies, has become the hallmark of modern agriculture. <p><p> A Revolution Down on the Farm: The Transformation of American Agriculture since 1929 charts the profound changes in farming that have occurred during author Paul K. Conkin's lifetime. His personal experiences growing up on a small Tennessee farm complement compelling statistical data as he explores America's vast agricultural transformation and considers its social, political, and economic consequences. He examines the history of American agriculture, showing how New Deal innovations evolved into convoluted commodity programs following World War II. Conkin assesses the skills, new technologies, and government policies that helped transform farming in America and suggests how new legislation might affect farming in decades to come. <p><p> Although the increased production and mechanization of farming has been an economic success story for Americans, the costs are becoming increasingly apparent. Small farmers are put out of business when they cannot compete with giant, non-diversified corporate farms. Caged chickens and hogs in factory-like facilities or confined dairy cattle require massive amounts of chemicals and hormones ultimately ingested by consumers. Fertilizers, new organic chemicals, manure disposal, and genetically modified seeds have introduced environmental problems that are still being discovered. A Revolution Down on the Farm concludes with an evaluation of farming in the twenty-first century and a distinctive meditation on alternatives to our present large scale, mechanized, subsidized, and fossil fuel and chemically dependent system.
A Revolution in Music: The History of the Groupe de Recherches Musicales
by Évelyne GayouEstablished in the 1950s by musician and engineer Pierre Schaeffer, the Groupe de Recherches Musicales would become the nerve center for avant-garde artists experimenting with sound and acoustics, as well as the birthplace of a genre of music-making enabled by new recording technologies and sound pioneers: musique concrète. Évelyne Gayou—herself a researcher, composer, and producer at the GRM—tells the history of the storied institution through the people, works, technologies, and research developed there. Placing musique concrète within a broad historical context extending from the early twentieth-century avant-garde's experiments with noise to the development of techniques in sound recording (at the Studio d'Essai in the 1940s) and later in sound synthesis, Gayou shows how recording technology made it possible for composers to not only create music from sounds in the world around them but also create acousmatic music—novel sounds without a visible connection to their source. Available in English translation for the first time, this updated edition will be an important resource for readers interested in the pioneering works and techniques of Schaeffer and his contemporaries, as well as their influence on the makers of new music and the contemporary avant-garde.
A Roadmap for Plant Genome Editing
by Agnès Ricroch Jeremy Sweet Dennis Eriksson Dragana Miladinović Katrijn Van Laere Ewa Woźniak-GientkaThis open access book is an update of genome editing techniques applied to a range of plants. We discuss the latest techniques and applications to cereals, roots and tubers, oilseed crops, fruit and forest trees, vegetables, legumes and algae including resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, improved quality, drug production, yield and adaptation to climate change. The regulations in different countries worldwide, the patentibility and the perception by society of the applications of new genomic techniques are examined. This book is written by a multidisciplinary and multisectoral collective of high-profile scientists and other experts belonging to the COST Action network PlantEd, which is mainly European but with contributions from American, Australian, Canadian, Chinese, Indian, Iranian, Pakistani and Peruvian scientists. The book is aimed at a wide audience consisting of students, academics, private and public breeders, other actors in the food and bioeconomy value chains and policy and law makers.This is an open access book.
A Roadmap for Transformative Science Teacher Leadership: Building Meaningful Professional Development in Districts
by Arthur EisenkraftThis book is a comprehensive guide to an effective Science Education Fellowship (SEF) program. Spanning more than ten years and involving hundreds of teachers, District Science Coordinators, and university faculty, the Wipro SEF program has empowered teachers to become leaders who drive meaningful, sustainable change in their schools and districts without leaving the classroom.Offering an in-depth look at the SEF program’s structure, from its foundation in teacher leadership development to its innovative adaptations across seven universities and 35 school districts; the book presents a roadmap for implementing similar programs in other school districts, targeting teacher retention, teacher development, and fostering student growth. Readers will find detailed explanations of key program components, and the vital roles of district science coordinators and higher education institutions. Through a mix of theoretical insights, practical strategies, and testimonials from program participants, the book provides a comprehensive model for educators, administrators, and university leaders who aspire to replicate or adapt the SEF program in their own contexts.Ideal for both educators and school administrators, this book will allow you to gain valuable insights into building and sustaining a program that empowers teacher-leaders, drives district-wide transformation, and ultimately improves student outcomes in science education.
A Roadmap for the Uptake of Cyber-Physical Systems for Facilities Management (Routledge Research Collections for Construction in Developing Countries)
by Clinton Aigbavboa Ayodeji Oke Matthew Ikuabe Chimay J AnumbaThis is the first book to conceptualise and develop a roadmap for the adoption of cyber-physical systems (CPS) for facilities management (FM) in developing countries. It is argued that effective use of CPS can help to significantly improve issues such as extended processing time, poor data acquisition, ineffective coverage of facility maintenance history, and poor-quality control within the facilities management sector. Through a theoretical review of relevant technology adoption models and frameworks, A Roadmap for the Uptake of Cyber-Physical Systems for Facilities Management provides a clear insight into the required parameters for integrating CPS into facilities management. The book will be beneficial to relevant stakeholders who face the responsibility of facilities and construction management as it contributes to the growing demand for the adoption of digital technologies in the delivery and management of built infrastructure. Furthermore, it serves as a solid theoretical base for researchers and academics in the quest to expand the existing borderline on construction digitalisation, especially in the post-occupancy stage.
A Roadmap on Smart Textiles
by Anne Schwarz Lieva Van Langenhove Philippe Guermonprez Denis DeguillemontIn order to stimulate the progress in smart textiles, emerging developments need to be identified and selectively strengthened. Hence, this issue reports on a three-dimensional roadmap on smart textiles. It aims at contributing to set future actions in research, education and technology development. Research activities and technological developments are mapped, barriers and drivers of technological, strategic and societal and economical origins are identified. Finally, recommendations are phrased on how to overcome barriers and to progress in the field of smart textiles.
A Roadmap to Future Space Connectivity: Satellite and Interplanetary Networks (Signals and Communication Technology)
by Frank H. P. Fitzek Marina Ruggieri Riccardo Bassoli Fabrizio Granelli Claudio SacchiThis book provides an overview of the latest R&D advancements in the field of ICT technologies inherent to a New Space vision. The book presents a system-level and technology-level description of future space networking and communications. The authors also expand the vision to interplanetary networks. The book spans hardware and software technologies for future space communication networks, also considering very modern paradigms like quantum technologies and Softwarization. In the book, the word “space” is intended in a wider sense than the usual “satellite communications”, including new and partially unexplored fields like quantum space communications, interplanetary communications, and extra-terrestrial Radio Access Networks (RANs). The book includes applications including Internet of Space Things, Tactile Internet/Digital twins for Space and discusses future challenges like those involved by the concept of “sustainable Space”.Provides an overview of the latest R&D advancements in the field of ICT technologies inherent to a New Space vision;Considers visions and perspectives of space technology, including a through overview of satellite communications;Presents a system-level overview of future space networking and communications.
A Roadmap to Industry 4.0: Smart Production, Sharp Business and Sustainable Development (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)
by Akshi Kumar Anand NayyarBusiness innovation and industrial intelligence are paving the way for a future in which smart factories, intelligent machines, networked processes and Big Data are combined to foster industrial growth. The maturity and growth of instrumentation, monitoring and automation as key technology drivers support Industry 4.0 as a viable, competent and actionable business model. This book offers a primer, helping readers understand this paradigm shift from industry 1.0 to industry 4.0. The focus is on grasping the necessary pre-conditions, development & technological aspects that conceptually describe this transformation, along with the practices, models and real-time experience needed to achieve sustainable smart manufacturing technologies. The primary goal is to address significant questions of what, how and why in this context, such as:What is Industry 4.0?What is the current status of its implementation?What are the pillars of Industry 4.0?How can Industry 4.0 be effectively implemented?How are firms exploiting the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data and other emerging technologies to improve their production and services?How can the implementation of Industry 4.0 be accelerated?How is Industry 4.0 changing the workplace landscape?Why is this melding of the virtual and physical world needed for smart production engineering environments?Why is smart production a game-changing new form of product design and manufacturing?
A Roadmap to the Successful Development and Commercialization of Microbial Pest Control Products for Control of Arthropods (Progress in Biological Control #10)
by Willem J. RavensbergBiocontrol is among the most promising methods for a safe, environmentally benign and sustainable pest control. Microbial pesticides offer a great potential, and it is anticipated that they will become a substantial part of the use of all crop protection products. Their development and commercialization, however, has been difficult and with many failures. In this book a rational and structured roadmap has been designed for the development and commercialization of microbial pest control products for the control of arthropod pests. The building blocks of the entire process are identified and essential aspects highlighted. Biopesticides based on entomopathogenic bacteria, fungi, viruses and nematodes are elaborately discussed. This systematic roadmap with a strong focus on economics and market introduction will assist academic researchers and industrial developers of biopesticides in accomplishing their goal: the development of successful cost-effective microbial pesticides.
A Robotic Framework for the Mobile Manipulator: Theory and Application (Chapman & Hall/CRC Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Series)
by Nguyen Van Toan Phan Bui KhoiBy proposing and forming a mobile manipulator for modern multi-floor buildings, A Robotic Framework for the Mobile Manipulator: Theory and Application helps readers visualize an end-to-end workflow for making a robot system work in a targeted environment. From a product-oriented viewpoint, this book is considered as a bridge from theories to real products, in which robotic software modules and the robotic system integration are mainly concerned. In the end, readers will have an overview of how to build and integrate various single robotic modules to execute a list of designed tasks in the real world, as well as how to make a robot system work independently, without human interventions. With references and execution guidelines provided at the end of each chapter, the book will be a useful tool for developers and researchers looking to expand their knowledge about the robotics and the robotic software.