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Drying of Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants (Advances in Drying Science and Technology)
by Ching Lik Hii Shivanand S. ShirkoleDrying is a key operation in processing of many plant-based foods and medicines for the purpose of preservation and retention of key attributes and active compounds. Therefore, it is essential to select suitable drying techniques to ensure a product is processed under optimal operating conditions. Drying of Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants presents processing aspects of these three major global agricultural commodities. It offers an insight into the drying and product quality of herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, such as drying characteristics, equipment selection, physiochemical analyses, quality improvement, product development, storage, and shelf life as well as future developments. Offers the latest information on drying and processing technologies, research, and development Summarizes various drying techniques, their advantages and limitations, industrial applications, and simple design methods Presents guidelines for dryer selection Links theory and practice Envisages future trends and demands Featuring chapters from expert authors in both industry and academia, this book is an important resource for those working in the chemical, food processing, pharma, and biotech industries, especially those focused on the drying of plants for food and medicinal applications.
Dryland Forests
by Purabi Bose Han Van DijkThis volume provides new insights and conceptual understandings of the human and gender dimension of vulnerability in relation to the dynamics of tenure reforms in the dryland forests of Asia and Africa. The book analyzes the interaction between biophysical factors such as climate variability (e. g. droughts) with socio-political processes (e. g. new institutions and authority) and gender dimensions at various temporal and spatial scales. The book presents a number of case studies based on empirical research on forest tenure reform and it consequences on forest-dependent people. In particular, it highlights the interaction between legal, policy and institutional reform and the inclusion and/or exclusion of local people from deriving benefits from forest resources in the drylands. The book focuses on the questions how land tenure reform and natural resource governance impacts upon marginal groups (along individual, collective and gender dimensions); how do forest-dependent people prepare for and respond to vulnerability; and what is the effect of forest tenure policy reform on the human rights, gender and citizenship issues in relation to the use and management of forest resources and on conflict in forest zones. These issues are approached from the perspective of marginalized groups (gender and social diversity such as indigenous peoples and herders) in vulnerable dryland forests with a high risk of being exposed to climate variability.
Drystone Retaining Walls: Design, Construction and Assessment
by Paul F. McCombieTake a Detailed Look at the Practice of Drystone Retaining Wall ConstructionDrystone retaining walls make very efficient use of local materials, and sit comfortably in their environment. They make an important contribution to heritage and to the character of the landscape, and are loved by many people who value the skill and ingenuity that has gone
Du, roboter
by Daniel Canals FloresDu, roboter, bist eine ernste Warnung an die Menschheit. Beim Schreiben dieser Geschichte ging mir ein Schauer durch die Seele: Das Akronym I.A. (Künstliche Intelligenz) entsprechen denen des unbestrittenen Robotik-Genies Isaac Asimov. War dem Lehrer das bewusst? Dieses Buch ist eine Hommage an seine Arbeit und seine verstörende Zukunftsvision. Die vierte industrielle Revolution und der Egoismus einiger weniger werden das Monster hervorbringen, das am Ende das Universum beherrschen und die menschliche Spezies zerstören wird ...
Dual Mode Logic: A New Paradigm for Digital IC Design
by Alexander Fish Itamar LeviThis book presents Dual Mode Logic (DML), a new design paradigm for digital integrated circuits. DML logic gates can operate in two modes, each optimized for a different metric. Its on-the-fly switching between these operational modes at the gate, block and system levels provide maximal E-D optimization flexibility. Each highly detailed chapter has multiple illustrations showing how the DML paradigm seamlessly implements digital circuits that dissipate less energy while simultaneously improving performance and reducing area without a significant compromise in reliability. All the facets of the DML methodology are covered, starting from basic concepts, through single gate optimization, general module optimization, design trade-offs and new ways DML can be integrated into standard design flows using standard EDA tools. DML logic is compatible with numerous applications but is particularly advantageous for ultra-low power, reliable high performance systems, and advanced scaled technologies Written in language accessible to students and design engineers, each topic is oriented toward immediate application by all those interested in an alternative to CMOS logic.Describes a novel, promising alternative to conventional CMOS logic, known as Dual Mode Logic (DML), with which a single gate can be operated selectively in two modes, each optimized for a different metric (e.g., energy consumption, performance, size);Demonstrates several techniques at the architectural level, which can result in high energy savings and improved system performance;Focuses on the tradeoffs between power, area and speed including optimizations at the transistor and gate level, including alternatives to DML basic cells;Illustrates DML efficiency for a variety of VLSI applications.
Dual-Control-Design: TP and TS Fuzzy Model Transformation Based Control Optimisation and Design (Topics in Intelligent Engineering and Informatics #17)
by Péter BaranyiThe TP and TS Fuzzy model transformation based control design has revolutionized the field of control design by introducing a highly effective approach. Through the TP model transformation, it has become evident that the design of controllers and observers, as well as the effectiveness of applied LMIs, are greatly influenced by the shape of the antecedent Fuzzy sets and the number and location of the consequent systems.Furthermore, the TP model transformation has revealed that the sensitivity of controller and observer design differs in nature. This implies that the overseer and controller design require different TS Fuzzy model representations of the system at hand. This book offers a comprehensive exploration of this phenomenon.The book introduces several new theoretical advancements in the TP or TS Fuzzy model transformation based control design framework. It presents a complete framework for TP and TS Fuzzy model transformation and offers various tools based on this approach to enhance control design effectiveness. The book introduces novel theoretical concepts, such as interpolation between alternative TS Fuzzy model representations, which leads to a new optimization framework. It also explores methods to achieve further complexity reduction beyond rank minimization. Additionally, the book addresses the execution of TS Fuzzy model transformation for large-sized problems and demonstrates how to reinforce various properties of antecedent Fuzzy sets through manipulation.Practical hints and guidance for control design is provided throughout the book, with examples illustrating the application of novel solutions. Matlab codes are also included to facilitate the implementation of the proposed methods.
Dual-Fuel Diesel Engines
by Ghazi A. KarimDual-Fuel Diesel Engines offers a detailed discussion of different types of dual-fuel diesel engines, the gaseous fuels they can use, and their operational practices. Reflecting cutting-edge advancements in this rapidly expanding field, this timely book:Explains the benefits and challenges associated with internal combustion, compression ignition,
Dual-Fuel Gas-Steam Power Block Analysis: Methodology And Continuous-time Mathematical Models (Power Systems)
by Anna Hnydiuk-StefanThis book presents the methodology and mathematical models for dual-fuel coal-gas power plants in two basic configurations: systems coupled in parallel and in series.Dual-fuel gas and steam systems, especially parallel systems, have great potential for modernizing existing combined heat and power (CHP) plants. This book presents calculations using a novel methodology applied to systems in continuous time and analyzes the impact of the investment profitability of the EU ETS (European Union Emissions Trading Scheme) derogation mechanism, which encourages enterprises to modernize existing generation units. It also includes a detailed case study of a coal power plant modernized by repowering with a gas turbine.The book is intended for researchers, market analysts, decision makers, power engineers and students.
Dual-Mass Linear Vibration Silicon-Based MEMS Gyroscope
by Huiliang CaoThis book introduces the key technologies in the manufacture of double-mass line vibrating silicon micromechanical gyroscope, respectively. The design of gyrostructure, detection technology, orthogonal correction technology, the influence of temperature and the design of measurement and control system framework are introduced in detail, with illustrations for easy understanding. It presents the principle, structure and related technology of silicon-based MEMS gyroscope. The content enlightens the researchers of silicon-based MEMS gyroscopes and gives readers a new understanding of the structural design of silicon-based gyroscopes and the design of dual-mass gyroscopes.
Dual-Mode Electro-photonic Silicon Biosensors
by José Juan ColásThis highly interdisciplinary thesis reports on two innovative photonic biosensors that combine multiple simultaneous measurements to provide unique insights into the activity and structure of surface immobilized biological molecules. In addition, it presents a new silicon photonic biosensor that exploits two cascaded resonant sensors to provide two independent measurements of a biological layer immobilized on the surface. By combining these two measurements, it is possible to unambiguously quantify the density and thickness of the molecular layer; here, the approach’s ability to study molecular conformation and conformational changes in real time is demonstrated.The electrophotonic biosensor integrates silicon photonics with electrochemistry into a single technology. This multi-modal biosensor provides a number of unique capabilities that extend the functionality of conventional silicon photonics. For example, by combining the complementary information revealed by simultaneous electrochemical and photonic measurements, it is possible to provide unique insights into on-surface electrochemical processes. Furthermore, the ability to create electrochemical reactions directly on the silicon surface provides a novel approach for engineering the chemical functionality of the photonic sensors. The electrophotonic biosensor thus represents a critical advance towards the development of very high-density photonic sensor arrays for multiplexed diagnostics.
Dual-Number Methods in Kinematics, Statics and Dynamics
by Ian FischerThis well-organized book uses 3x3 coordinate-transformation matrices and 3-element vectors with dual-number elements to analyze the mechanics of mechanism, robots, and other mechanical systems. Dual-Number Methods in Kinematics, Statics and Dynamics serves as a text for a course using dual-number methods as well as a manual for the reader to develop his or her abilities for the design of machinery or evaluation of mechanical systems. In addition to the explanatory text and derivations, the author includes numerous examples and exercises to enable the reader to gain insight and perfect skills.
Dubbel Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau 1: Grundlagen und Tabellen
by Beate Bender Dietmar GöhlichDUBBEL - Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau – erscheint mit der aktualisierten 26. Auflage in einem komplett neuen Format; Lesbarkeit und Übersichtlichkeit wurden erheblich verbessert. Die bewährten Inhalte des Standardwerks des Maschinenbaus wurden auf drei Bände aufgeteilt. Ingenieurinnen und Ingenieure in Studium und Beruf finden hier sowohl das notwendige Basiswissen als auch weiterführende Informationen über Anwendungen und Systemtechnologien auf dem aktuellen Stand der Technik. Dieses etablierte Referenzwerk mit „Norm-Charakter“ überzeugt durch - praxisrelevante Methoden zur Lösung konkreter Ingenieuraufgaben, - detaillierte Konstruktionszeichnungen und Schaubilder, - Tabellen und Diagramme mit quantitativen Angaben, - grundlegende Formeln und Berechnungsverfahren sowie - ein umfangreiches Literaturverzeichnis. Band 1 Grundlagen und Tabellen ist der erste Teil des Werkes und enthält das technische Basiswissen für Ingenieure bestehend aus Mechanik, Festigkeitslehre, Werkstofftechnik, Thermodynamik und Maschinendynamik sowie allgemeine Tabellen. Aufgrund vielfacher Leser-Hinweise sind auch die Grundlagen der Mathematik für Ingenieure wieder Teil dieser Auflage des Dubbel. Band 2 behandelt Anwendungen, Band 3 fokussiert um Maschinen und Systeme. Die Herausgeber Professor Dr.-Ing. Beate Bender, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Professor Dr.-Ing. Dietmar Göhlich, Technische Universität Berlin
Dubbel Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau 2: Anwendungen
by Beate Bender Dietmar GöhlichDUBBEL - Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau – erscheint nun in übersichtlichen drei Bänden in einer überarbeiteten und aktualisierten 26. Auflage.Das dreibändigen Standardwerk der Ingenieure in Studium und Beruf mit den Schwerpunkten „Allgemeiner Maschinenbau“ sowie „Verfahrens- und Systemtechnik" beinhaltet das erforderliche Basis- und Detailwissen des Maschinenbaus und garantiert die Dokumentation des aktuellen Stands der Technik.Dieses etablierte Referenzwerk mit „Norm-Charakter“ überzeugt durch- detaillierte Konstruktionszeichnungen- Tabellen und Diagramme mit quantitativen Angaben- Berechnungsverfahren- ein umfangreiches Literaturverzeichnis.Band 2 behandelt maschinenbauliche Anwendungen und umfasst die allgemeine und virtuelle Produktentwicklung, mechanische Konstruktionselemente, fluidische Antriebe, Elektrotechnik, Messtechnik und Sensorik, Regelungstechnik und Mechatronik, Fertigungsverfahren sowie Fertigungsmittel.Band 1 enthält Grundlagen und Tabellen, Band 3 fokussiert Maschinen und Systeme.Die HerausgeberProfessor Dr.-Ing. Beate Bender, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Professor Dr.-Ing. Dietmar Göhlich, Technische Universität Berlin
Dubbel Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau 3: Maschinen und Systeme
by Beate Bender Dietmar GöhlichDUBBEL - Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau – erscheint nun in übersichtlichen drei Bänden in einer überarbeiteten und aktualisierten 26. Auflage.Das dreibändigen Standardwerk der Ingenieure in Studium und Beruf mit den Schwerpunkten „Allgemeiner Maschinenbau“ sowie „Verfahrens- und Systemtechnik" beinhaltet das erforderliche Basis- und Detailwissen des Maschinenbaus und garantiert die Dokumentation des aktuellen Stands der Technik.Dieses etablierte Referenzwerk mit „Norm-Charakter“ überzeugt durch- detaillierte Konstruktionszeichnungen- Tabellen und Diagramme mit quantitativen Angaben- Berechnungsverfahren- ein umfangreiches Literaturverzeichnis.Band 3 fokussiert auf Maschinen und Systeme. Es werden Kolbenmaschinen, Strömungsmaschinen, Fördertechnik, Verfahrenstechnik, thermischer Apparatebau, Kälte-, Klima- und Heizungstechnik, Biomedizinische Technik, Energietechnik und -wirtschaft sowie Verkehrssysteme behandelt.Band 1 enthält Grundlagen und Tabellen, Band 2 behandelt Anwendungen.Die HerausgeberProfessor Dr.-Ing. Beate Bender, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Professor Dr.-Ing. Dietmar Göhlich, Technische Universität Berlin
Dubbel: Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau
by Karl-Heinrich Grote Beate Bender Dietmar GöhlichDUBBEL - Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau – erscheint in einer neu bearbeiteten und aktualisierten 25. Auflage. Das Standardwerk der Ingenieure in Studium und Beruf mit den Schwerpunkten „Allgemeiner Maschinenbau“ sowie „Verfahrens- und Systemtechnik" ist das erforderliche Basis- und Detailwissen des Maschinenbaus und garantiert die Dokumentation des aktuellen Stands der Technik.Dieses etablierte Referenzwerk mit „Norm-Charakter“ überzeugt durch- detaillierte Konstruktionszeichnungen- Tabellen und Diagramme mit quantitativen Angaben- Berechnungsverfahren- ein umfangreiches Literaturverzeichnis.Für die 25. Auflage wurden alle Kapitel intensiv bearbeitet und auf den aktuellen Stand von Wissenschaft und Technik gebracht. Insbesondere hervorzuheben sind hierbei die fertigungstechnischen Kapitel; die KapitelRegelungstechnik und Mechatronik wurden gemeinsam neu strukturiert. Das Kapitel Grundlagen der Konstruktionstechnik wurde zu Grundlagen der Produktentwicklung erweitert sowie um das Toleranzmanagement und die Entwicklung varianter Produkte ergänzt.Das Kapitel Energietechnik ist komplett überarbeitet, die Kapitel Werkstofftechnik und Maschinendynamik sind umstrukturiert und überarbeitet, und das Kapitel Biomedizinische Technik ist nun ein eigenes Kapitel.Der Zugang zur Formelsammlung MDESIGN Dubbel Edition ist weiterhin gewährleistet und bietet einen echten Mehrwert.
Dubbel: Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau
by Karl-Heinrich Grote and Jörg FeldhusenDas Standardwerk für Maschinenbauer in Lehre und Praxis wird laufend auf den neuesten Stand der Technik gebracht. Für die 23. Auflage wurden alle Kapitel aktualisiert und folgende Abschnitte grundlegend überarbeitet oder neu geschrieben: Automobiltechnik, Maschinendynamik und adaptronische Systeme, Urformtechnik, Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz, Energietechnik und -wirtschaft, elektronische Datenverarbeitung, Qualitätsmanagement, thermischer Apparatebau, Elektrotechnik. Teil A (Mathematik) ist unter www.dubbel.de abrufbar.
Ductile Mode Cutting of Brittle Materials (Springer Series in Advanced Manufacturing)
by Hao Wang Kui Liu Xinquan ZhangThis book provides a systematic and comprehensive interdisciplinary overview of ductile mode cutting of brittle materials, covering a range of topics from the fundamental physics to engineering practices. Discussing the machining mechanics and material properties, it explains the fundamental mechanism of ductile-to-brittle transition in the cutting of brittle materials. It also presents theoretical modeling and molecular dynamic simulation to demonstrate that ductile mode cutting can be achieved under certain conditions, as well as extensive experimental studies that produced smooth and damage-free surfaces on different materials, such as silicon, glass, tungsten carbide and calcium fluoride. Lastly, it explores how the ductile mode cutting performance and machinability of brittle materials can be further improved by hybrid machining processes like ultrasonic vibration and thermal-assisted cutting technologies in order to meet industry demands.
Ductility of Seismic-Resistant Steel Structures
by Federico Mazzolani Victor GioncuThis book is a state-of-the-art report on the ductility of steel structures, containing a comprehensive review of the technical literature available, and presenting the results of the authors' own extensive research activities in this area. Analytical and numerical methods are described, and a wealth of practical information is provided. Ductility
Dudley's Handbook of Practical Gear Design and Manufacture
by Stephen P. RadzevichThe Fourth Edition of Dudley’s Handbook of Practical Gear Design and Manufacture is the definitive reference guide to gear design, production, and applications. Using a pragmatic approach, the book provides gear manufacturing methods for high-, medium-, and low-volume production. Updated throughout to reflect cutting-edge research, this edition includes new contributions from experts in the field. Providing a clear overview of the foundations of advanced gear systems, the book contains new material on the potential of technologies such as high-performance plastic gears alongside issues that can be encountered. The book also includes innovative chapters discussing topics such as involute gear drives and gear strength calculation, with new regulations such as ISO 6336 in mind. Using modern technologies such as powder metallurgy and additive manufacturing, all the necessary information to reduce gear cost is provided. Additionally, gear micro-geometry modifications and planetary gear designs are discussed. FEATURES Provides an up-to-date, single-source reference for all aspects of the gear industry Presents an integrated approach to gear design and manufacture Includes new coverage of direct gear design and ready-to-use gear design Contains coverage of finite element analysis, gear vibration, load ratings, and gear failures The book includes comprehensive tables and references, making this the definitive guide for all those in the field of gear technology, from industry professionals to undergraduate and postgraduate engineering students.
Dudley's Handbook of Practical Gear Design and Manufacture
by Stephen P. RadzevichDudley's Handbook of Practical Gear Design & Manufacture, Third Edition, is the definitive reference work for gear design, production, inspection, and application. This fully updated edition provides practical methods of gear design, and gear manufacturing methods, for high-, medium-, and low-volume production. Comprehensive tables and references are included in the text and in its extensive appendices, providing an invaluable source information for all those involved in the field of gear technology.
Dumb Clucks! (Make Me Laugh)
by Rick Walton Ann WaltonA collection of jokes about chickens, e.g. What happened when the chicken ate cement? She laid a sidewalk.
Duplex Stainless Steels (Wiley-iste Ser.)
by Iris Alvarez-Armas Suzanne Degallaix-MoreuilDuplex Stainless Steels (DSSs) are chromium-nickel-molybdenum-iron alloys that are usually in proportions optimized for equalizing the volume fractions of austenite and ferrite. Due to their ferritic-austenitic microstructure, they possess a higher mechanical strength and a better corrosion resistance than standard austenitic steels. This type of steel is now increasing its application and market field due to its very good properties and relatively low cost. This book is a review of the most recent progress achieved in the last 10 years on microstructure, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength properties, as well as applications, due to the development of new grades. Special attention will be given to fatigue and fracture behavior and to proposed models to account for mechanical behavior. Each subject will be developed in chapters written by experts recognized around the international industrial and scientific communities. The use of duplex stainless steels has grown rapidly in the last 10 years, particularly in the oil and gas industry, chemical tankers, pulp and paper as well as the chemical industry. In all these examples, topics like welding, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength properties (mainly in the fatigue domain) are crucial. Therefore, the update of welding and corrosion properties and the introduction of topics like texture effects, fatigue and fracture strength properties, and mechanical behavior modeling give this book specific focus and character.
Duplex-Stahl: Ein Stahlporträt (essentials)
by Joachim SchlegelDie Welt des Stahls ist erstaunlich vielfältig und so komplex, dass sie in der Praxis nicht leicht zu überblicken ist. In Form von essentials zu Porträts von ausgewählten Stählen und Stahlgruppen soll dem Leser diese Welt des Stahls nähergebracht werden; kompakt, verständlich, informativ, strukturiert mit Beispielen aus der Praxis und geeignet zum Nachschlagen.Vor über 90 Jahren wurden als jüngste Gruppe von nichtrostenden Stählen die Duplex-Stähle entwickelt. Mit ihren besonderen mechanischen Eigenschaften bei sehr hoher Korrosionsbeständigkeit finden sie zunehmend für last- und korrosionsbeanspruchte Anforderungen Anwendung. Wissenswertes über diese Stähle fasst dieses essential zusammen.
Durability Analysis of Composite Systems 2001: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference , DURACOSYS 2001, tokyo, 6-9 November 2001
by Yasushi Miyano, Albert H. Cardon, Ken L. Reifsnider, Hiroshi Fukuda and Shinji OgiharaThis proceedings covers the general problem related to the damage initiation and development, the failure criteria and the specific aspects related to fatigue, creep behaviour, moisture diffusion and the problem of the joining systems.
Durability Design of Concrete Structures
by A. Sarja E. VesikariConcrete structures can be designed for durability by applying the principles and procedures of reliability theory combined with traditional structural design. This book is the first systematic attempt to introduce into structural design a general theory of structural reliability and existing calculation models for common degradation processes. It