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Embedded and Real-Time Operating Systems
by K. C. WangThis book covers the basic concepts and principles of operating systems, showing how to apply them to the design and implementation of complete operating systems for embedded and real-time systems. It includes all the foundational and background information on ARM architecture, ARM instructions and programming, toolchain for developing programs, virtual machines for software implementation and testing, program execution image, function call conventions, run-time stack usage and link C programs with assembly code.Embedded and Real-Time Operating Systems describes the design and implementation of a complete OS for embedded systems in incremental steps, explaining the design principles and implementation techniques. For Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP) embedded systems, the author examines the ARM MPcore processors, which include the SCU and GIC for interrupts routing and interprocessor communication and synchronization by Software Generated Interrupts (SGIs).This Second Edition covers ARM64 architecture and programming. These include exception levels, vector tables and exceptions handling, GICv3 programming and interrupt processing. It covers virtual to physical address mappings in ARMv8, and shows a 64-bit OS with kernel space in EL1 and separate user spaces in EL0. It also covers ARM TrustZone technology and secure systems. These include hardware and software architectures for secure and normal worlds, interactions and switching between the two worlds. It shows a secure world comprising a secure monitor in EL3 to provide service functions, and a normal world comprising processes in non-secure EL1, which use SMC to access service functions in the secure world.Throughout the book, complete working sample systems demonstrate the design principles and implementation techniques. The content is suitable for advanced-level and graduate students working in software engineering, programming, and systems theory.
Embedded, Cyber-Physical, and IoT Systems: Essays Dedicated to Marilyn Wolf on the Occasion of Her 60th Birthday
by Miodrag Potkonjak Senem Velipasalar Shuvra S. BhattacharyyaThis Festschrift is in honor of Marilyn Wolf, on the occasion of her 60th birthday. Prof. Wolf is a renowned researcher and educator in Electrical and Computer Engineering, who has made pioneering contributions in all of the major areas in Embedded, Cyber-Physical, and Internet of Things (IoT) Systems. This book provides a timely collection of contributions that cover important topics related to Smart Cameras, Hardware/Software Co-Design, and Multimedia applications.Embedded systems are everywhere; cyber-physical systems enable monitoring and control of complex physical processes with computers; and IoT technology is of increasing relevance in major application areas, including factory automation, and smart cities. Smart cameras and multimedia technologies introduce novel opportunities and challenges in embedded, cyber-physical and IoT applications. Advanced hardware/software co-design methodologies provide valuable concepts and tools for addressing these challenges.The diverse topics of the chapters in this Festschrift help to reflect the great breadth and depth of Marilyn Wolf's contributions in research and education. The chapters have been written by some of Marilyn’s closest collaborators and colleagues.
Embedding Resilience in the Built Environment Using the EU Taxonomy
by Elzbieta RynskaTaxonomy is the common name for an EU regulation that supports companies in sustainable environmental and climate action (Regulation [EU] No. 2020/852). It is a classification tool designed for investors, companies, and financial institutions to define the environmental impact of business activities and the requirements that organisations must meet to be considered as sustainable.The aim of this book is to examine the EU taxonomy from the built environment perspective and the ways in which it can be used to build resilience in real estate. It presents the issues, hot points, and possible choices from the designers, construction consultants, and investing bodies' points of view, those who must set forth initial conditions, which should later become the keystones for greener developments. It brings together the expertise of a unique team of both researchers and professionals and presents a methodology, case studies, and solutions which together comprise a novel understanding of the taxonomy’s influence on the pre-construction phase. The book:• describes the role of the built environment within sustainable development and how real estate can be used to build resilience with the use of taxonomy.• describes the characteristics of resilient environmentally friendly cities in the future.• proposes a roadmap to demonstrate urban policies that promote decarbonisation; and•enables investors to compare their products, operations, and strategies in terms of sustainability.Overall, this book is essential reading for decision-makers in the public and private sectors, urban developers, space and spatial designers, architects, planners, community stakeholders, and real estate investors.Chapter 1 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.
Embedding Space in African Society: The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 2030 Supported by Space Applications (Southern Space Studies)
by Annette FroehlichThis book provides a detailed insight into how space and its applications are embedded, and can be further embedded, into African society in support of the SDGs, while taking into account the specific features, needs, and diversity of that society.Contributions drawn from across the continent and further afield provide analyses of the particular social situations in a variety of different African countries and regions, and highlight areas where space applications support the SDGs, and where they can further do so. The chapters cover a wide array of relevant and timely topics including basic needs like water quality, education, and capacity building, as well as financial, security, and legal aspects, together with facets of space technologies and infrastructure in Africa. Embedding Space in African Society will be of great interest to students and professionals in sustainable development, governance, and space studies.
Embodied Environmental Risk in Technical Communication: Problems and Solutions Toward Social Sustainability (ATTW Series in Technical and Professional Communication)
by Samuel StinsonThis collection calls for improved technical communication for the public through an embodied, situated understanding of environmental risk that promotes social justice. In addition to providing a series of chapters about recent issues on risk communication, this volume offers a diverse look at methodological practices for students, researchers, and practitioners looking to address embodied aspects of crisis and risk that incorporate UX, storytelling, and dynamic text. It includes chapters that bring embodiment to the forefront of risk communication, highlighting the cycle of content creation, dissemination, public response and decision making, continuing iterations of educational efforts, and recovery, toward increasing adaptive capacity as a whole. In addition, this work directs necessary attention to overcoming perceptual difficulties, memory lapses, definitional differences, access issues, and pedagogical problems in the communication of risks to diverse publics. This collection is essential reading for scholars and can be used as a supplemental text or casebook for courses in technical communication, environmental communication, risk and crisis communication, science communication, and public health.
Embodied Learning in the Schools: Designs That Link Brain, Body, and Technology in K-12 Classrooms
by Theodore “TJ” Kopcha Ceren OcakEmbodied Learning in the Schools explores the relevance of embodied perspectives to instructional designers and education scholars seeking to improve the design, development, and analysis of technology-enhanced learning environments in K-12 settings. Given recent technological advances in touch-based, geolocational, and body integrative devices, there is considerable opportunity to leverage embodied perspectives of cognition to enrich learning in schools today. Grounded in research and theory, this book provides a holistic understanding of embodied cognition’s powerful multidisciplinary applications. Using vivid examples from authentic classrooms, each chapter connects varied theoretical insights to their practical implications for linking brain, body, and technology in learning. Instructional designers, learning scientists, educational technologists, and other scholars and professionals will come away with a comprehensive grasp on the affordances, challenges, frameworks, and embodied designs that can be implemented in real-world contexts across subject areas.
Embodied Multi-Agent Systems: Perception, Action, and Learning (Machine Learning: Foundations, Methodologies, and Applications)
by Huaping Liu Di Guo Xinzhu Liu Kangyao HuangIn recent years, embodied multi-agent systems, including multi-robots, have emerged as essential solution for demanding tasks such as search and rescue, environmental monitoring, and space exploration. Effective collaboration among these agents is crucial but presents significant challenges due to differences in morphology and capabilities, especially in heterogenous systems. While existing books address collaboration control, perception, and learning, there is a gap in focusing on active perception and interactive learning for embodied multi-agent systems. This book aims to bridge this gap by establishing a unified framework for perception and learning in embodied multi-agent systems. It presents and discusses the perception-action-learning loop, offering systematic solutions for various types of agents—homogeneous, heterogeneous, and ad hoc. Beyond the popular reinforcement learning techniques, the book provides insights into using fundamental models to tackle complex collaboration problems. By interchangeably utilizing constrained optimization, reinforcement learning, and fundamental models, this book offers a comprehensive toolkit for solving different types of embodied multi-agent problems. Readers will gain an understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of each method for various tasks. This book will be particularly valuable to graduate students and professional researchers in robotics and machine learning. It provides a robust learning framework for addressing practical challenges in embodied multi-agent systems and demonstrates the promising potential of fundamental models for scenario generation, policy learning, and planning in complex collaboration problems.
Embodied and Operational Carbon in Buildings: Strategies to Decarbonize (SpringerBriefs in Architectural Design and Technology)
by Vijayalaxmi J. Shveta MohanThis book offers the basics of embodied and operational carbon while discussing the inclusion of carbon emission in the GBRS at global and national level. This book also critically explores the important topic of embodied and operational carbon of buildings with insights on the strategies to measure and reduce embodied carbon in buildings through a case study and application approach. This approach assesses the impact of embodied carbon on the choice of structural systems, alternate building materials, alternate building technologies and air conditioning system. The impact of these alternate measures in reducing embodied and operational carbon is analyzed by demonstrating its use on a base case building, which is similar to an existing office building in India. The quantified data enables architects and designers to make early design decisions for a more environmentally sensitive approache to sustainable building designs. This book is a valuable resource for students, researchers, and practicing architects in understanding evidence based repercussions of structural systems, use of materials, technology and air conditioning systems to design green and sustainable buildings.
Embracing Chatbots in Higher Education: The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Teaching, Administration, and Scholarship (Routledge Research in Digital Education and Educational Technology)
by Alexander M. SidorkinThis book explores the integration of AI-powered chatbots such as ChatGPT into higher education for instructional and communication purposes. The author emphasizes the responsibility of higher education institutions to equip students with advanced skills for writing with AI assistance, and prepare them for an increasingly AI-driven world.Offering numerous practical tips, the book demonstrates how universities can increase student success, and stem the rising cost of higher education by employing AI tools. The chapters discuss streamlining tasks such as grading, providing feedback, and handling administrative duties, to show how educators can be enabled to focus on more meaningful aspects of their work. The author also reflects on the philosophical and ethical considerations and potential pitfalls of relying on AI in higher education, including concerns about academic integrity and the importance of human input in the learning process. The author offers a responsible and informed approach to incorporating the new powerful tools into the academic landscape.This volume will be a key resource for higher education faculty and administrators seeking to navigate the complex intersection of AI and writing.
Embracing Diversity in the Learning Sciences: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of the Learning Sciences
by Yasmin B. Kafai Francisco Herrera William A. Sandoval Noel Enyedy Althea Scott NixonMore than a decade has passed since the First International Conference of the Learning Sciences (ICLS) was held at Northwestern University in 1991. The conference has now become an established place for researchers to gather. The 2004 meeting is the first under the official sponsorship of the International Society of the Learning Sciences (ISLS). The theme of this conference is "Embracing Diversity in the Learning Sciences." As a field, the learning sciences have always drawn from a diverse set of disciplines to study learning in an array of settings. Psychology, cognitive science, anthropology, and artificial intelligence have all contributed to the development of methodologies to study learning in schools, museums, and organizations. As the field grows, however, it increasingly recognizes the challenges to studying and changing learning environments across levels in complex social systems. This demands attention to new kinds of diversity in who, what, and how we study; and to the issues raised to develop coherent accounts of how learning occurs. Ranging from schools to families, and across all levels of formal schooling from pre-school through higher education, this ideology can be supported in a multitude of social contexts. The papers in these conference proceedings respond to the call.
Embracing Ethnography: Doing Contextualised Construction Research
by David Oswald Léon Olde ScholtenhuisThis book calls for those interested in robust construction research to embrace ethnography – in all its forms, including rapid ethnographies, ethnographic-action research, autoethnography, as well as longer-term ethnographies.The diversification of ethnographic approaches, as well as ethnographers, will lead to rich insights that can advance the industry theoretically and practically. We share experiences, key considerations and recommendations from leading construction ethnographic researchers from around the world to provide discussion, reflection and understanding into doing ethnography in the construction industry.This book is aimed at academics, students, consultants, editors, reviewers, policymakers, funders and others interested in robust research in the construction industry and built environment but will also be useful for those undertaking research within organisations in other industries.
Embracing Industry 4.0: Selected Articles from MUCET 2019 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #678)
by Hyun Myung Nafrizuan Mat Yahya Mohd Azraai Mohd Razman Jessnor Arif Mat Jizat Amar Faiz Zainal Abidin Mohamad Shaiful Abdul KarimThis book highlights selected articles from the electrical engineering track, with a focus on the latest trends in electrical and electronic engineering toward embracing Industry 4.0, as part of the Malaysian Technical Universities Conference on Engineering and Technology—MUCET 2019. The event brings together researchers and professionals in the fields of engineering, research, and technology, and provides a platform for future collaborations and exchanges.
Embracing Machines and Humanity Through Cognitive Computing and IoT (Advanced Technologies and Societal Change)
by Xiao-Zhi Gao Mohammed UsmanThis book sheds light on systems that learn extensively, with purpose and naturally interact with humans. Improving operations and increasing competitive differentiation among manufacturing organizations by harnessing the power of cognitive abilities, IoT can help build and influence the flow of information—making the shop floor more cognitive through effective processing, analysis, and operational optimization. Now we are seeing the first-hand potential of cognitive computing—its ability to transform businesses, governments, and society. The real potential of the cognitive age can be realized by combining data analysis and statistical reasoning of machines with uniquely human qualities, such as self-directed goals, common sense, and moral values, improving operations and increasing competitive differentiation among manufacturing organizations. By harnessing the power of cognitive abilities, IoT can help build and influence the flow of information—making the shop floor more cognitive through effective processing, analysis, and operational optimization. Cognitive initiatives come in all shapes and sizes, from change to strategy and everything in between. What most successful projects have in common, no matter how ambitious, is they start with a clear view of what technology can do. Therefore, the first job of a cognitive scientists is to gain a firm understanding of cognitive abilities, as presented in this book.
Embracing New Perspectives in History, Social Sciences, and Education: Proceedings of the International Conference on History, Social Sciences, and Education (ICHSE 2021), Malang, Indonesia, 11 September 2021
by Francis M. Navarro Ronal Ridhoi Arif Subekti HariyonoThis book provides a collection of articles resulting from the International Conference on History, Social Sciences, and Education (ICHSE), which was held on 11 September 2021. The Department of History of Malang State University choose "Embracing New Perspectives in History, Social Sciences, and Education" as the main topic, and elaborates on five subthemes: 1) new trends in historical research; 2) formulation of new perspectives in history, social sciences, and education; 3) transdisciplinary research in history, social sciences, and education; 4) innovations in historical and social science learning during pandemics; 5) New ideas in the research and practice of social sciences and education. This seminar was open to international academics.This book presents new perspectives on methodology, methods, theory, and themes on history, social sciences, and education research from various perspectives on methodology and historiography. Now, history is not only about politics, economy and military, but also about environment, social, education, culinary, and so on. This book will be useful for students, historians, and the general public, in recording the development of Indonesian historical writing perspectives.
Embracing the Fog of War: Assessment and Metrics in Counterinsurgency
by Ben ConnableThe unpredictable counterinsurgency environment challenges centralized, quantitative campaign assessment. A comprehensive examination of the centralized, quantitative approach to assessment, as described inthe literature and doctrine and applied in two primary case studies (Vietnam and Afghanistan), reveals weaknesses and gaps and proposes an alternative process: contextual assessment.
Embracing the Future, Powering Growth: An Energy System Renewed for China (Advances in Oil and Gas Exploration & Production)
by Shell International B.V. Development Research Centre of the State Council (DRC) of People’s Republic of ChinaTo build a new energy system is the key towards China's goal of carbon emissions peak and achieving carbon neutrality. The new energy system will reshape the conventional energy system in an integrated and revolutionary way. It will not only bring about major changes in energy production, utilization and consumption, as well as emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG) and local pollutants, but also have profound implications on technological innovation and economic development. Based on quantitative and systematic analysis, this study depicts the energy system by 2030 and by 2060, analyzes the impacts of the energy system on economic and social development, studies and judges the key risk points, and proposes the path and policy system for building a new energy system.This is an open access book.
Embracing the Future: Proceedings of the 8th Bandung Creative Movement International Conference on Creative Industries (8th BCM 2021), Bandung, Indonesia, 9 September 2021
by Rahmiati Aulia Diani Apsari Budi Haswati, Sri Maharani Surya Rusyda, Hana Faza Aisyi Syafikarani Angelia Lionardi Setiamurti Rahardjo Ariesa Farida Guna Putra, Wibisono Tegar Yelly Andriani BarlianBy delivering the mindful writings from our selected authors, this book portrays one big idea: a new Human-Centered society that balances economics to resolve problems, especially in the use of an integrated area in cyberspace, physical space, and how it impacts the creative industries. Through The 8th Bandung Creative Movement, scholars from 15 Universities around the Asian and European countries have discussed this issue where Human-Centered society became the main consideration in the development.Three topics are presented to the readers. Firstly, "Sustainable Cities and Communities" explores the sub-fields that construct a more sustainable environment for society post-pandemic era, such as technologies, transportation, interior design, architecture, urban planning, etc. While "Art and Design: Recontextualization of Nusantara Tradition and Indigenous Culture" concerned the novel perspectives on recognizing cultural aspects that shape the face of creative industry, from cultural identity, visual and performing arts, pop culture to language and media. The last topic, "Changes and Dynamics in The Creative Industries," reviews the creative approach toward the industry's current trends, including marketplace, destination branding, or digital culture ecosystem. This book will enrich the mind of everybody who is an enthusiast of innovative research on creative industries, human-centered technologies, environmental design, and excellent society 5.0 post-pandemic era.
Embryonic Stem Cells and the Law: Crafting A Humane System of Regulation
by Joshua WeiserThis book deals with the research and use of embryonic stem cells to combat a number of diseases and the legal limitations, arising mostly from bioethical concerns regarding human life. Using the New Haven problem and policy-oriented method of jurisprudence, the author thoroughly explains the scientific and technological parameters and promise of this medical innovation and its alternatives as well as the conflicting claims and past decisions regarding its legal and moral acceptability in international and comparative perspective. International law, EU and regional human rights law, as well as individual countries’ laws across the globe are covered, ending with American law on the federal and state levels. The book concludes with a recommendation of humane regulation, and a draft federal statute as a model form of regulation that would allow the beneficial research and use of this technology.
Emergence in Condensed Matter and Quantum Gravity: A Nontechnical Review (SpringerBriefs in Physics)
by George MusserThis book surveys the science at a semipopular, Scientific American-level. It is even-handed with regard to competing directions of research and philosophical positions. It is hard to get even two people to agree on anything, yet a million billion water molecules can suddenly and abruptly coordinate to lock themselves into an ice crystal or liberate one another to billow outwards as steam. The marvelous self-organizing capacity of matter is one of the central and deepest puzzles of physics, with implications for all the natural sciences. Physicists in the past century have found a remarkable diversity of phases of matter—and equally remarkable commonalities within that diversity. The pace of discovery has, if anything, only quickened in recent years with the appreciation of quantum phases of matter and so-called topological order. The study of seemingly humdrum materials has made contact with the more exotic realm of quantum gravity, as theorists realize that the spacetime continuum may itself be a phase of some deeper and still unknown constituents. These developments flesh out the sometimes vague concept of the emergence—how exactly it is that complexity begets simplicity.
Emergence of Cyber Physical System and IoT in Smart Automation and Robotics: Computer Engineering in Automation (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)
by Krishna Kant Singh Sudeep Tanwar Anand Nayyar Mohamed AbouhawwashCyber-Physical Systems (CPS) integrate computing and communication capabilities by monitoring and controlling the physical systems via embedded hardware and computers. This book brings together new and futuristic findings on IoT, Cyber Physical Systems and Robotics leading towards Automation and solving issues of various critical applications in Real-time. The book initially overviews the concepts of IoT, IIoT and Cyber Physical Systems followed by various critical applications and discusses the latest designs and developments that provide common solutions for the convergence of technologies. In addition, the book specifies methodologies, algorithms and other relevant architectures in various fields that include Automation, Robotics, Smart Agriculture and Industry 4.0.The book is intended for practitioners, enterprise representatives, scientists, students and Ph.D Scholars in hopes of steering research further towards cyber physical systems design and development and implementation across various domains. Additionally, this book can be used as a secondary reference, or rather one-stop guide, by professionals for real-life implementation of cyber physical systems.The book highlights:• A Critical Coverage of various domains: IoT, Cyber Physical Systems, Industry 4.0, Smart Automation and related critical applications.• Advanced elaborations for target audiences to understand the conceptual methodology and future directions of cyber physical systems and IoT.• An approach towards Research Orientations to enable researchers to point out areas and scope for implementation of Cyber Physical Systems in several domains for better productivity.
Emergence of Functional Circuits in the Early Visual Pathway (KAIST Research Series)
by Jaeson Jang Se-Bum PaikThis book discusses the emergence of diverse functional organizations in the visual pathway which could be spontaneously and solely initiated by the random feedforward wiring of neural circuits. It demonstrates that the structure of ON and OFF retinal ganglion cell (RGC) mosaics is projected onto V1 by retino-cortical feedforward mapping to induce higher cognitive functions. This book will be beneficial for both theoretical and experimental neuroscientists, as well as for researchers using brain-inspired neural network models.
Emergence of Sustainable Biomaterials in Tackling Inflammatory Diseases (Smart Nanomaterials Technology)
by Anil K. Suresh Nadeem Akhtar Md. Meraj AnsariThis book presents the latest technology of sustainable nanomaterials for applications as drug delivery cargos in tackling various inflammatory diseases. The chapters in this book describe nanotechnology-based drug delivery strategies, the mechanistic insights of nanoformulations and their application in managing inflammation diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, cancer and neurological disorder. It looks into the challenges of using nanomaterials-based smart materials for enhanced therapeutic efficacy while maintaining safe and sustainable procedures. The book is divided into three main sections: A) Fundamental of smart nanocarriers and nanoformulations targeted drug delivery in inflammatory disease; B) Smart nano drug delivery therapy- an emerging approach towards inflammatory diseases and C) Novel nano delivery strategies in targeting major inflammatory diseases. The book targets early researchers and clinical practitioners who are interested in the management and treatment of inflammatory diseases using nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems.
Emergence: The Connected Lives of Ants, Brains, Cities, and Software
by Steven JohnsonIn the tradition of Being Digital and The Tipping Point, Steven Johnson, acclaimed as a "cultural critic with a poet's heart" (The Village Voice), takes readers on an eye-opening journey through emergence theory and its applications.<P> A NEW YORK TIMES NOTABLE BOOK<P> A VOICE LITERARY SUPPLEMENT TOP 25 FAVORITE BOOKS OF THE YEAR<P> AN ESQUIRE MAGAZINE BEST BOOK OF THE YEAR <P> Explaining why the whole is sometimes smarter than the sum of its parts, Johnson presents surprising examples of feedback, self-organization, and adaptive learning. How does a lively neighborhood evolve out of a disconnected group of shopkeepers, bartenders, and real estate developers? How does a media event take on a life of its own? How will new software programs create an intelligent World Wide Web? <P> In the coming years, the power of self-organization -- coupled with the connective technology of the Internet -- will usher in a revolution every bit as significant as the introduction of electricity. Provocative and engaging, Emergence puts you on the front lines of this exciting upheaval in science and thought.
Emergencies in Public Law
by Karin LoevyDebates about emergency powers traditionally focus on whether law can or should constrain officials in emergencies. Emergencies in Public Law moves beyond this narrow lens, focusing instead on how law structures the response to emergencies and what kind of legal and political dynamics this relation gives rise to. Drawing on empirical studies from a variety of emergencies, institutional actors, and jurisdictional scales (terrorist threats, natural disasters, economic crises, and more), this book provides a framework for understanding emergencies as long-term processes rather than ad hoc events, and as opportunities for legal and institutional productivity rather than occasions for the suspension of law and the centralization of response powers. The analysis offered here will be of interest to academics and students of legal, political, and constitutional theory as well as to public lawyers and social scientists.
Emergency Care (12th Edition)
by J. David Bergeron Daniel Limmer Michael F. O'Keefe Edward T. Dickinson Harvey D. Grant Robert H. Murray Jr.Emergency Care, Twelfth Edition, has set the standard for EMT training for over 30 years. Updated with the latest research and developments in emergency medical services, this edition meets the 2010 American Heart Association guidelines for CPR and ECC, providing all the practical information students need to succeed in the classroom and in the field. Using the National EMS Education Standards as a foundation, this edition goes beyond the Standards to provide the most current, accurate reflection of EMS practice today. Getting students to think like an EMT, the text integrates scientific principles in a way that's easy to understand, and a host of critical thinking features-including a new chapter, "Critical Thinking and Decision Making,"-helps students learn key concepts while getting a dose of the reality of being an EMT.