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Investigating Radicalization Trends: Case Studies in Europe and Asia (Security Informatics and Law Enforcement)
by Babak Akhgar José María Blanco Douglas WellsThis book provides a detailed insight into the complex dynamics of radicalization that are in play amongst contemporary society. The authors focus on understanding emerging trends and models that can be used to analyse and understand modern violent extremist and xenophobic discourse. The chapters cover multiple regions, providing a collective analysis of country-specific case studies for the formulation of best practices, recommendations and learning material. It is recommended that this book may serve as a compendium for practitioners, academics, teachers and students wishing to gain state-of-the art knowledge. Topics covered by the authors vary from hands-on practical information to tactical, operational, strategic and ethical guidance. This book provides a holistic, harmonized approach based upon European internal security strategies recognizing that internal security cannot be achieved in isolation from the rest of the world. Additionally, this material resonates with the EU’s commitment to fight extremism in a rational manner, alongside promoting human rights, democracy, peace and stability within the EU Member States.Presents a comprehensive understanding of the interconnectivities and trends behind emerging radicalisation patterns;Features newest conceptual and practical knowledge to monitor, analyse and respond to radicalization around the world;Provides a comprehensive view into the methodologies for analysis, through visualizations, case studies and applications.
Investigating Transport Accidents: Human Performance and Intelligent Systems
by Dimitrios Ziakkas Debra HenneberryThe transportation industry faces unprecedented challenges as systems grow increasingly complex. This book introduces an integrated framework for transport accident investigations by combining traditional human performance analysis with advanced artificial intelligence capabilities. Moving beyond simplistic cause-and-effect models, the authors cover human factors, automation, hardware components, contextual variables, and organizational elements that collectively determine safety outcomes in complex socio-technical environments.Building upon established methodologies including HFACS, STAMP, and AcciMap, this title analyzes AI-enabled approaches including digital twins, weak signal detection, pattern recognition, and data fusion platforms. Each chapter delivers to-the-point practical insights into dynamic modeling of systemic interactions and enhanced detection of failure precursors. The innovative MAHCO model, combined with AI analytics, supports transparent decision-making and institutional learning while creating intelligent safety ecosystems that transform how we understand and prevent accidents in transportation systems. Readers will develop an effective introduction to these systems and their capabilities thus honing their foundational knowledge.Investigating Transport Accidents: Human Performance and Intelligent Systems is for engineers, policy-makers, researchers and students studying for or already working in transportation safety. It will also appeal to pilots, controllers, maintainers, and trainers in the aerospace industry.
Investigating the Influence of Standards: A Framework for Research in Mathematics, Science, and Technology Education
by National Research CouncilSince 1989, with the publication of Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for Mathematics by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, standards have been at the forefront of the education reform movement in the United States. The mathematics standards, which were revised in 2000, have been joined by standards in many subjects, including the National Research Council's National Science Education Standards published in 1996 and the Standards for Technical Literacy issued by the International Technology Education Association in 2000. There is no doubt that standards have begun to influence the education system. The question remains, however, what the nature of that influence is and, most importantly, whether standards truly improve student learning. To answer those questions, one must begin to examine the ways in which components of the system have been influenced by the standards.Investigating the Influence of Standards provides a framework to guide the design, conduct, and interpretation of research regarding the influences of nationally promulgated standards in mathematics, science, and technology education on student learning. Researchers and consumers of research such as teachers, teacher educators, and administrators will find the framework useful as they work toward developing an understanding of the influence of standards.
Investigating the Nucleation, Growth, and Energy Levels of Organic Semiconductors for High Performance Plastic Electronics
by Ajay VirkarThis thesis details the significant progress made in improving the performance of organic transistors and the network conductivity of carbon nanotubes. The first section investigates organic semiconductor nucleation and growth on the most common dielectric surface used to fabricate organic thin film transistors. The nucleation and growth of the semiconductor was determined to be a critical factor affecting the device performance. Excellent dielectric modification layers, which promote desirable semiconductor growth leading to high conductivity were identified, and a technologically relevant deposition technique was developed to fabricate high quality dielectric modification layers over large areas. This may represent an important step towards the realization of large area organic circuity. In the final section, lessons learned from studying organic semiconductor nucleation and growth were utilized to improve the conductivity of carbon nanotube networks. Selective nucleation of materials at the junctions between nanotubes in the network significantly decreased the network's sheet resistance. The resulting networks may be promising candidates for transparent electrodes with a variety of optoelectronic applications.
Investigation and Assessment Technology for Typical Groundwater-contaminated Sites and Application Cases
by Juan Li Yang Wang Xiang Li Beidou Xi Yan Ma Chenning Deng Yanna XiongThis book introduces readers to environmental background investigation, pollution source intensity evaluation and risk assessment approaches used at three main types of groundwater-contaminated sites: municipal domestic waste landfills, hazardous waste landfills and oil-contaminated sites. In addition, typical contaminated sites throughout China are examined to demonstrate how these approaches can be applied for their investigation, assessment and restoration. By reading this book, readers will gain a deeper understanding of the restoration and management of typical groundwater-contaminated sites.
Investigation in the Creep-Fatigue Coupled Effect of Rock Salt
by Chunhe Yang Tongtao Wang Jinyang Fan Zongze LiThis open access book provides the uniaxial, triaxial, fatigue, creep, creep-fatigue loading tests in order to investigate the salt mechanical response and the related damage mechanisms defining relation between plastic deformation, dilatancy and damage. Based on the experimental results, a new creep-fatigue constitutive model for salt rock that considers creep-fatigue interaction was established by incorporating a state variable that characterizes rock hardening level on the basis of the Norton creep model. Different salt rock mechanical test data sets with varying stress paths were used to validate this creep-fatigue constitutive model. The fit curves and test curves of the stress paths demonstrate good consistency, indicating that the model comprehensively considers the effects of time, load, and state on salt rock's creep-fatigue, effectively describing the creep-fatigue plastic deformation features of salt rock under different stress paths.
Investigation of Aeronautical and Engineering Component Failures
by A. Venugopal ReddyFailure analysis has grown enormously in it scope and utility in recent years. Developments in materials characterization techniques have made the job of a failure analyst easier and more precise, but it still requires not only a strong background in materials science and engineering, but also practical experience--or at least a strong understandin
Investigation on SiGe Selective Epitaxy for Source and Drain Engineering in 22 nm CMOS Technology Node and Beyond (Springer Theses)
by Guilei WangThis thesis presents the SiGe source and drain (S/D) technology in the context of advanced CMOS, and addresses both device processing and epitaxy modelling. As the CMOS technology roadmap calls for continuously downscaling traditional transistor structures, controlling the parasitic effects of transistors, e.g. short channel effect, parasitic resistances and capacitances is becoming increasingly difficult. The emergence of these problems sparked a technological revolution, where a transition from planar to three-dimensional (3D) transistor design occurred in the 22nm technology node. The selective epitaxial growth (SEG) method has been used to deposit SiGe as stressor material in S/D regions to induce uniaxial strain in the channel region. The thesis investigates issues of process integration in IC production and concentrates on the key parameters of high-quality SiGe selective epitaxial growth, with a special focus on its pattern dependency behavior and on key integration issues in both 2D and 3D transistor structures, the goal being to improve future applications of SiGe SEG in advanced CMOS.
Investigations in Computational Sarcasm (Cognitive Systems Monographs #37)
by Aditya Joshi Pushpak Bhattacharyya Mark J. CarmanThis book describes the authors’ investigations of computational sarcasm based on the notion of incongruity. In addition, it provides a holistic view of past work in computational sarcasm and the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. Sarcastic text is a peculiar form of sentiment expression and computational sarcasm refers to computational techniques that process sarcastic text. To first understand the phenomenon of sarcasm, three studies are conducted: (a) how is sarcasm annotation impacted when done by non-native annotators? (b) How is sarcasm annotation impacted when the task is to distinguish between sarcasm and irony? And (c) can targets of sarcasm be identified by humans and computers. Following these studies, the book proposes approaches for two research problems: sarcasm detection and sarcasm generation. To detect sarcasm, incongruity is captured in two ways: ‘intra-textual incongruity’ where the authors look at incongruity within the text to be classified (i.e., target text) and ‘context incongruity’ where the authors incorporate information outside the target text. These approaches use machine-learning techniques such as classifiers, topic models, sequence labelling, and word embeddings. These approaches operate at multiple levels: (a) sentiment incongruity (based on sentiment mixtures), (b) semantic incongruity (based on word embedding distance), (c) language model incongruity (based on unexpected language model), (d) author’s historical context (based on past text by the author), and (e) conversational context (based on cues from the conversation). In the second part of the book, the authors present the first known technique for sarcasm generation, which uses a template-based approach to generate a sarcastic response to user input. This book will prove to be a valuable resource for researchers working on sentiment analysis, especially as applied to automation in social media.
Investigations into the Combustion Kinetics of Several Novel Oxygenated Fuels (Springer Theses)
by Wenyu SunIn this thesis, attention was paid to several novel oxygenated fuels—carbonates, polyethers and ketones. Combustion kinetic investigations were performed for typical representative compounds, including dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, cyclopentanone, 3-pentanone, 1,2-dimethoxyethane and dimethoxymethane. For experiments, suitable diagnostic techniques were used to measure the detailed speciation information of the target fuels under different conditions. For kinetic modeling, rate coefficients for crucial elementary reactions were obtained through high-level theoretical calculations. Based on that, validated kinetic models with good predictive performances were developed. On the basis of experimental measurements and model interpretations, this work highlighted two important combustion characteristics regarding the practical use: the pollutant formation and the ignition performance. Besides, the correlation between oxygen-containing functional groups and the aforementioned combustion characteristics was revealed. To reveal the potential interactions between the reaction networks of oxygenated additives and the hydrocarbon base fuels during combustion. Chemical structures of laminar premixed flames fueled by binary fuels were measured, and by changing the initial fuel compositions, the addition effects of the oxygenates on the fuel consumption and pollutant formation behaviors were explored. It was found that complicated chemical interactions do not exist in the reaction networks under the investigated conditions.
Investing In Nanotechnology: Think Small. Win Big
by Jack UldrichA Simon & Schuster eBook. Simon & Schuster has a great book for every reader.
Investing for a Greener Planet: Addressing Climate Challenges Through Sustainable Finance
by Pardeep Singh Shikha Daga Kiran YadavThis title highlights the pertinent issue of climate change and its management using sustainable sources of finance. The book provides a comprehensive overview of sustainable development and its management using green finance, green energy, green transport, and green infrastructure, as well as the policies and innovations that can be implemented at both the micro and macro levels.Features: Covers theories, concepts, practices, regulations, case studies, and real-world applications related to sustainable finance. Introduces the concept of sustainable finance and climate risk management. Explains green finance, green infrastructure, green transport, and others to mitigate the climate risk. Provides a comprehensive view of various policies and innovations that can be done at micro and macro level to reduce carbon footprints. Reviews contemporary concept of climate-related disclosures and reporting by financial institutions. This book is aimed at graduate students, researchers, and professionals in environmental sciences, sustainable finance, climate change, and circular economy including policymakers.
Investing on Low-Carbon Energy Systems
by Venkatachalam Anbumozhi Kaliappa Kalirajan Fukunari Kimura Xianbin YaoThis book focuses on multi-level actions that have attracted considerable interest and discussion within academia, decision makers and the public as a tool to assess anthropogenic effects of low-carbon energy development. The book begins with an overview of the state of the art policies in emerging economies, which provides a starting point for understanding the concept of low-carbon green growth. A unified framework for structuring, categorizing, and integrating various regional-level actions is established on the basis of a thorough investigation into the theoretical and methodological aspects of non-conventional energy policies that have been widely adopted. Furthermore, the book brings clarity to the relationship between clean energy policies and stakeholder participation, and the significance of coordinated actions at the regional level. The findings provide novel insights and policy tools to help decision-makers in identifying ways to mobilize private investment in low-carbon energy systems.
Investition und Finanzierung im Bauunternehmen: Grundlagen und Anwendung mit Lernvideos (erfolgreich studieren)
by Stefanie Friedrichsen Steffen AhtingDieses Lehrbuch vermittelt Studierenden des Bauwesens volks- und betriebswirtschaftliche Zusammenhänge sowie die Grundlagen der Finanzierung, Investitions- und Liquiditätsplanung im Bauunternehmen.Ein durchgängiges begleitendes Fallbeispiel aus der Baubranche veranschaulicht in Form von 39 Lernvideos und Erklärvideos den Lehrstoff und erläutert typische Problemstellungen in Bauunternehmen.Das Lehrbuch ist in der Springer Vieweg Reihe "erfolgreich studieren" erschienen
Investitions- und Wirtschaftlichkeitsrechnung für Ingenieure (essentials)
by Ekbert HeringFür Investitionen bestehen häufig mehrere Alternativen. Um die richtige auszuwählen, werden die einzelnen Alternativen mit statischen Verfahren (ohne Zinsrechnung) nach ihren Kosten, ihren möglichen Gewinnen und ihrer Rentabilität untersucht. In den dynamischen Verfahren werden die Alternativen nach ihren Kapitalströmen (Kapitalzuflüsse und -abflüsse) mit einer Zinseszinsrechnung bewertet.
Investitionsrechnung: Eine Einführung für Architekten und Bauingenieure
by Dirk NoostenDieses Fachbuch führt Baupraktiker in die Thematik der Investitionsrechnung ein und berücksichtigt dabei besonders Fragestellungen aus der Bau- und Immobilienbranche. Die Investitionsrechnung spielt auch für Bauingenieure, Architekten, Wirtschaftsingenieure mit Schwerpunkt Bauwesen und für Immobilienwirte eine wichtige Rolle. Sie findet ihren Niederschlag in zahlreichen Themengebieten wie z. B. der Immobilienfinanzierung, Lebenszyklusberechnung, Wirtschaftlichkeitsrechnung, Immobilienbewertung und dynamischen Kostenvergleichsrechnung.
Investitionsstrategien für Mittelspannungskabel: Zuverlässigkeit und Wirtschaftlichkeit von Investitionen und Netzautomatisierung (essentials)
by Torsten WerthTorsten Werth zeigt auf, welche Auswirkungen der Zeitpunkt einer Erneuerungsinvestition auf die Zuverlässigkeit eines Energieverteilnetzes hat oder welche Annahmen Netzplaner hinsichtlich des Alterungsverhaltens der elektrischen Betriebsmittel treffen können. Dies sind nur zwei von vielen typischen, immer wiederkehrenden Aspekten bei der Suche nach der optimalen Erneuerungsstrategie. Unter dem größer werdenden Einfluss der Regulierung entsteht ein besonderer Bedarf an einem interdisziplinären Systemdenken. Gleichzeitig müssen Vorgehensweisen zur Strategiefindung geschaffen werden, die in der täglichen Praxis den Anspruch an einer präzisen Aussagekraft bei gleichzeitig vertretbarem Aufwand geschaffen werden.
Investment Casting
by Philip R. Beeley Robert F. SmartThis modern book on investment casting fills a substantial gap in the literature of metal founding. The investment casting sector of the foundry industry has seen rapid growth; despite this the literature devoted specially to investment casting and its products has remained relatively sparse. Investment Casting has been produced by drawing upon the knowledge of authorities within or closely associated with the industry, in co-operation with the British Investment Casting Trade Association, examining the process and its products in a way which is useful both to the industry and to design engineers. To this end the earlier chapters are devoted to each of the main production stages from tooling to finishing, with health and safety treated separately, commensurate with its current importance.
Investment Decisions and the Logic of Valuation: Linking Finance, Accounting, and Engineering
by Carlo Alberto MagniThis book presents a new approach to the valuation of capital asset investments and investment decision-making. Starting from simple premises and working logically through three basic elements (capital, income, and cash flow), it guides readers on an interdisciplinary journey through the subtleties of accounting and finance, explaining how to correctly measure a project’s economic profitability and efficiency, how to assess the impact of investment policy and financing policy on shareholder value creation, and how to design reliable, transparent, and logically consistent financial models.The book adopts an innovative pedagogical approach, based on a newly developed accounting-and-finance-engineering system, to help readers gain a deeper understanding of the accounting and financial magnitudes, learn about new analytical tools, and develop the necessary skills to practically implement them. This diverse approach to capital budgeting allows a sophisticated economic analysis in both absolute terms (values) and relative terms (rates of return), and is applicable to a wide range of economic entities, including real assets and financial assets, engineering designs and manufacturing schemes, corporate-financed and project-financed transactions, privately-owned projects and public investments, individual projects and firms. As such, this book is a valuable resource for a broad audience, including scholars and researchers, industry practitioners, executives, and managers, as well as students of corporate finance, managerial finance, engineering economics, financial management, management accounting, operations research, and financial mathematics. It features more than 180 guided examples, 50 charts and figures and over 160 explanatory tables that help readers grasp the new concepts and tools. Each chapter starts with an abstract and a list of the skills readers can expect to gain, and concludes with a list of key points summarizing the content.
Investment Property Valuation Today
by Tim HavardFirst Published in 2002. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Investment, Procurement and Performance in Construction: The First National RICS Research Conference
by P.S. Brandon T. Mole P. Venmore-RowlandThe proceedings of a major conference on the built environment ran by the RICS to examine recent research and development in: investment; building procurement and construction; and building performance analysis.
Invisibility: The History and Science of How Not to Be Seen
by Gregory J. GburA lively exploration of how invisibility has gone from science fiction to fact Is it possible for something or someone to be made invisible? This question, which has intrigued authors of science fiction for over a century, has become a headline-grabbing topic of scientific research. In this book, science writer and optical physicist Gregory J. Gbur traces the science of invisibility from its sci-fi origins in the nineteenth-century writings of authors such as H. G. Wells and Fitz James O&’Brien to modern stealth technology, invisibility cloaks, and metamaterials. He explores the history of invisibility and its science and technology connections, including the discovery of the electromagnetic spectrum, the development of the atomic model, and quantum theory. He shows how invisibility has moved from fiction to reality, and he questions the hidden paths that lie ahead for researchers. This is not only the story of invisibility but also the story of humankind&’s understanding of the nature of light itself, and of the many fascinating figures whose discoveries advanced this knowledge.
Invisible Users: Youth in the Internet Cafés of Urban Ghana (Acting with Technology)
by Jenna BurrellAn account of how young people in Ghana's capital city adopt and adapt digital technology in the margins of the global economy.The urban youth frequenting the Internet cafés of Accra, Ghana, who are decidedly not members of their country's elite, use the Internet largely as a way to orchestrate encounters across distance and amass foreign ties—activities once limited to the wealthy, university-educated classes. The Internet, accessed on second-hand computers (castoffs from the United States and Europe), has become for these youths a means of enacting a more cosmopolitan self. In Invisible Users, Jenna Burrell offers a richly observed account of how these Internet enthusiasts have adopted, and adapted to their own priorities, a technological system that was not designed with them in mind.Burrell describes the material space of the urban Internet café and the virtual space of push and pull between young Ghanaians and the foreigners they encounter online; the region's famous 419 scam strategies and the rumors of “big gains” that fuel them; the influential role of churches and theories about how the supernatural operates through the network; and development rhetoric about digital technologies and the future viability of African Internet cafés in the region.Burrell, integrating concepts from science and technology studies and African studies with empirical findings from her own field work in Ghana, captures the interpretive flexibility of technology by users in the margins but also highlights how their invisibility puts limits on their full inclusion into a global network society.
Invisible: The Dangerous Allure of the Unseen
by Philip Ball“A very fun, largely chronological journey through invisibility, beginning with myth and early magicians, ending with quantum physics.” —The New YorkerIn this lively look at a timeless idea, Ball provides the first comprehensive history of our fascination with the unseen. This sweeping narrative moves from medieval spell books to the latest nanotechnology, from fairy tales to telecommunications, from camouflage to ghosts to the dawn of nuclear physics and the discovery of dark energy. Along the way, Invisible tells little-known stories about medieval priests who blamed their misdeeds on spirits; the Cock Lane ghost, which intrigued both Samuel Johnson and Charles Dickens; the attempts by Victorian scientist William Crookes to detect forces using tiny windmills; novelist Edward Bulwer-Lytton’s belief that he was unseen when in his dressing gown; and military efforts to enlist magicians to hide tanks and ships during WWII. Bringing in such voices as Plato and Shakespeare, Ball provides not only a scientific history but a cultural one—showing how our simultaneous desire for and suspicion of the invisible has fueled invention and the imagination for centuries.In this unusual and clever book, Ball shows that our fantasies about being unseen—and seeing the unseen—reveal surprising truths about who we are.“Full of insights drawn from a broad survey of history, literature and philosophy; wherever the invisible is being contemplated, Ball is there to select the juiciest anecdotes . . . [He] is a lucid, witty and highly entertaining guide.” —The Globe and Mail“A tour-de-force history capped off with an animated discussion of H.G. Wells’s novel The Invisible Man.” —Publishers Weekly (starred review)
Invitation to Invent: A Physical Science Unit for High-Ability Learners (Grades 3-4)
by Clg Of William And Mary/Ctr Gift EdInvitation to Invent, a physical science unit for grades 3-4, engages students in investigations and observations that support their learning about simple machines and their uses. Students explore force, motion, and friction as they learn about the six simple machines and how they are put together to form compound machines.Invitation to Invent was developed by the Center for Gifted Education at The College of William and Mary to offer advanced curriculum supported by years of research. The Center's materials have received national recognition from the United States Department of Education and the National Association for Gifted Children, and they are widely used both nationally and internationally.Each of the books in this series offers curriculum that focuses on advanced content and higher level processes. The science units contain simulations of real-world problems, and students experience the work of real science by using data-handling skills, analyzing information, and evaluating results. The mathematics units provide sophisticated ideas and concepts, challenging extensions, higher order thinking skills, and opportunities for student exploration based on interest. These materials are a must for any teacher seeking to challenge and engage learners and increase achievement.Grades 3-4