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Preventive Biomechanics
by Christophe Then Gerhard SilberHow can we optimize a bedridden patient's mattress? How can we make a passenger seat on a long distance flight or ride more comfortable? What qualities should a runner's shoes have? To objectively address such questions using engineering and scientific methods, adequate virtual human body models for use in computer simulation of loading scenarios are required. The authors have developed a novel method incorporating subject studies, magnetic resonance imaging, 3D-CAD-reconstruction, continuum mechanics, material theory and the finite element method. The focus is laid upon the mechanical in vivo-characterization of human soft tissue, which is indispensable for simulating its mechanical interaction with, for example, medical bedding or automotive and airplane seating systems. Using the examples of arbitrary body support systems, the presented approach provides visual insight into simulated internal mechanical body tissue stress and strain, with the goal of biomechanical optimization of body support systems. This book is intended for engineers, manufacturers and physicians and also provides students with guidance in solving problems related to support system optimization.
Preventive Maintenance
by J. D. Patton Jr.This third edition of a best-selling classic shows how the investment in a preventive maintenance program repays a company in longer equipment life, smoother operation, planning, and scheduling. It includes information on computerized PM systems, enhanced techniques, and insights into preventive maintenance. The latest technology has improved equipment quality, reliability and dependability by fault-tolerance, redundant components, self-adjustments, and replacement of hydraulic and mechanical components by more reliable electronic and optical operations. Many components, however, still wear out, corrode, become punctured, vibrate excessively, become overheated by friction or dirt, or can even be damaged by humans. Fortunately, modern sensors and computers for condition monitoring and detection enable equipment to "call home" to report they need PM before they fail. The preventive maintenance advantage is that you will pay less now to do planned work when production is not pushing versus very expensive emergency repairs that may be required under disruptive conditions causing production to halt and loss of revenue. Good PM saves money over a product's life cycle. The book addresses major types of maintenance; advantages and disadvantages of PM; designing a PM program; economics of PM; nondestructive testing; scheduling; metrics; data issues; and much more.
Preventive Maintenance Technology for Asphalt Pavement (Springer Tracts on Transportation and Traffic #16)
by Feng Li Jinyan Feng Youxin Li Siqi ZhouThis book provides an overview of asphalt pavement maintenance, highlighting the key asphalt pavement maintenance technologies in China. It analyzes the trend toward preventive maintenance technologies and proposes technical guidelines and implementation rules for preventive maintenance. As such it is a valuable reference resource for technicians in related industries, both in China and abroad, as well as professionals involved in road infrastructure maintenance projects in countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative.
Preventive Methods for Coastal Protection: Towards the Use of Ocean Dynamics for Pollution Control
by Ewald Quak Tarmo SoomereThe aim of the book is to present for non-specialist researchers as well as for experts a comprehensive overview of the background, key ideas, basic methods, implementation details and a selection of solutions offered by a novel technology for the optimisation of the location of dangerous offshore activities in terms of environmental criteria, as developed in the course of the BalticWay project. The book consists of two parts. The first part introduces the basic principles of ocean modeling and depicts the long way from the generic principles to the practical modeling of oil spills and of the propagation of other adverse impacts. The second part focuses on the techniques for solving the inverse problem of the quantification of offshore areas with respect to their potential to serve as a source of environmental danger to vulnerable regions (such as spawning, nursing or also tourist areas). The chapters are written in a tutorial style; they are mostly self-contained and understandable for non-specialist researchers and students. They are carefully peer-reviewed by international experts. The goal was to produce a book that highlights all key steps, methods, models and data sets it is necessary to combine in order to produce a practically usable technology and/or decision support system for a particular sea region. Thus the book is useful not only as a description and a manual of this particular technology but also as a roadmap highlighting the complicated technical issues of ocean modeling for practical purposes. It describes the approaches taken by the authors in an understandable way and thus is useful for educational purposes, such as a course in industrially and environmentally relevant applications of ocean modeling.
Prey (Fountas & Pinnell LLI Blue)
by Michael CrichtonIn the Nevada desert, an experiment has gone horribly wrong. A cloud of nanoparticles--micro-robots--has escaped from the laboratory. This cloud is self-sustaining and self-reproducing. It is intelligent and learns from experience. For all practical purposes, it is alive.It has been programmed as a predator. It is evolving swiftly, becoming more deadly with each passing hour.Every attempt to destroy it has failed.And we are the prey.
Pricing of Ecosystem Services in Agriculture: A Basis of Crop Insurance
by Debashis Mandal Pratap Bhattacharyya Priyabrata Santra Biswajit MondalThe book deals with the pricing of ecosystem services provided by agriculture. All provisioning, regulating, supporting and cultural services are being covered in this title. Chapters in this contributed volume cover topics such as pricing of services from the soil, water, and nutrient management. Quantified monetary values of carbon sequestration and renewable energy applications in agriculture are covered with clear-cut methodologies. This book also links ecosystem service-based pricing with crop insurance. Improving the farmers’ livelihood is the central goal of the agricultural production system throughout the world. Under the climate change context, farms’ produce is now climate-vulnerable and heavily dependent on weather conditions. Moreover, we often neglect the contribution of several positive impacts of agricultural practices on ecosystems and natural resources. Therefore, there is a need to quantify and value these ecosystem services in agriculture. However, valuation and pricing the services in agriculture both tangible and intangible is a challenge. It is necessary to have clear-cut methodologies for pricing ecosystem services of agriculture in terms of net monetary benefits. The ecosystem service-based pricing could be a solid basis for calculating the insurance to farmers in case of occurrence of natural hazard and associated crop damage. This book is of interest to scholars, teachers, researchers, environmental scientists, watershed managers, capacity builders, and policymakers. The book also serves as effective reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture economics, ecology, agronomy, and environmental sciences. National and international agricultural scientists, policymakers will also find this to be useful.
Priests and Programmers: Technologies of Power in the Engineered Landscape of Bali
by J. Stephen Lansing William C. ClarkFor the Balinese, the whole of nature is a perpetual resource: through centuries of carefully directed labor, the engineered landscape of the island's rice terraces has taken shape. According to Stephen Lansing, the need for effective cooperation in water management links thousands of farmers together in hierarchies of productive relationships that span entire watersheds. Lansing describes the network of water temples that once managed the flow of irrigation water in the name of the Goddess of the Crater Lake. Using the techniques of ecological simulation modeling as well as cultural and historical analysis, Lansing argues that the symbolic system of Balinese temple rituals is not merely a reflection of utilitarian constraints but also a basic ingredient in the organization of production.
Primary Care Nutrition: Writing the Nutrition Prescription
by David Heber Zhaoping LiThis book contains the necessary knowledge and tools to incorporate nutrition into primary care practice. As a practical matter, this effort is led by a dedicated primary care physician with the help of motivated registered dietitians, nurses, psychologists, physical therapists, and office staff whether within a known practice or by referral to the community. It is essential that the nutrition prescription provided by the physician be as efficient as possible. While many team members have superior knowledge in the areas of nutrition, exercise, and psychology, the health practitioner remains the focus of patient confidence in a therapy plan. Therefore, the endorsement of the plan rather than the implementation of the plan is the most important task of the physician. <P><P> This book proposes a significant change in attitude of primary health care providers in terms of the power of nutrition in prevention and treatment of common disease. It features detailed and referenced information on the role of nutrition in the most common conditions encountered in primary care practice. In the past, treatment focused primarily on drugs and surgery for the treatment of disease with nutrition as an afterthought. Advanced technologies and drugs are effective for the treatment of acute disease, but many of the most common diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer are not preventable with drugs and surgery. While there is mention of prevention of heart disease, this largely relates to the use of statins with some modest discussion of a healthy diet. Similarly, prevention of type 2 diabetes is the early introduction of metformin or intensive insulin therapy.
Primary Care Nutrition: Writing the Nutrition Prescription
by David Heber Zhaoping LiThis book contains the necessary knowledge and tools to incorporate nutrition into primary care practice. As a practical matter, this effort is led by a dedicated primary care physician with the help of motivated registered dietitians, nurses, psychologists, physical therapists, and office staff whether within a known practice or by referral to the community. It is essential that the nutrition prescription provided by the physician be as efficient as possible. While many team members have superior knowledge in the areas of nutrition, exercise, and psychology, the health practitioner remains the focus of patient confidence in a therapy plan. Therefore, the endorsement of the plan rather than the implementation of the plan is the most important task of the physician. This book proposes a significant change in attitude of primary health care providers in terms of the power of nutrition in prevention and treatment of common disease. It features detailed and referenced information on the role of nutrition in the most common conditions encountered in primary care practice. In the past, treatment focused primarily on drugs and surgery for the treatment of disease with nutrition as an afterthought. Advanced technologies and drugs are effective for the treatment of acute disease, but many of the most common diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer are not preventable with drugs and surgery. While there is mention of prevention of heart disease, this largely relates to the use of statins with some modest discussion of a healthy diet. Similarly, prevention of type 2 diabetes is the early introduction of metformin or intensive insulin therapy.
Primary Computing in Action
by Ben Sedman Yasemin AllsopPresenting practical ideas that support teachers and trainees with the planning, implementation and assessment of the 2014 Primary Computing Curriculum. Demonstrating how freely available apps and web-based applications, programmes for PCs and Macs, can be used creatively to design innovative and engaging activities in the Early Years, Key Stages 1 and 2. Covering all aspects of the 2014 primary curriculum, including computer science, digital literacy and information technology. Includes both plugged and unplugged activities.
Primary Computing in Action
by Ben Sedman Yasemin AllsopPresenting practical ideas that support teachers and trainees with the planning, implementation and assessment of the 2014 Primary Computing Curriculum. Demonstrating how freely available apps and web-based applications, programmes for PCs and Macs, can be used creatively to design innovative and engaging activities in the Early Years, Key Stages 1 and 2. Covering all aspects of the 2014 primary curriculum, including computer science, digital literacy and information technology. Includes both plugged and unplugged activities.
Primary Exergy Cost of Goods and Services
by Matteo Vincenzo RoccoThis book describes the Exergy-based Input Output (ExIO) framework, a comprehensive methodology for assessing the primary fossil fuels requirements for the production of goods and services within a given economy from a lifecycle perspective. In the ExIO approach, exergy is assumed to be the best suited thermodynamic metric for characterizing fossil fuels. The mathematical formulation of ExIO is based on Input-Output analysis, which defines boundaries in time and space for any system or product analyzed, encompassing its entire lifecycle. The Hybrid-ExIO approach has been developed to increase the accuracy of results and to analyze energy systems in detail, leading to the definition of criteria and indicators for identifying and optimizing the primary fossil fuels requirements of system products. Lastly, the Bioeconomic ExIO model has been proposed to account for the side effects that the working hours required for producing goods and services have on the total primary fossil fuels consumption. As such, the book will be of considerable interest to both researchers and engineers in industry, offering them essential guidelines on the utilization of exergy and thermoeconomic analysis. "
Primary Exploration of Hydrogen Metallurgy
by Jianliang Zhang Kejiang Li Zhengjian Liu Tianjun YangThis book is a monograph dedicated to hydrogen metallurgy technology in iron ore reduction in the world (mainly in China), aiming to accelerate the development of hydrogen metallurgy research and promote the low-carbon process in the iron and steel industry. This book mainly introduces the frontier theory and process technology of hydrogen metallurgy, focusing on the behavior and role of hydrogen in reducing iron ore. The specific contents include hydrogen production and storage technology, hydrogen direct reduction of iron oxide technology, hydrogen smelting reduction of iron oxide technology, plasma hydrogen reduction of iron oxide theory, and the behavior of hydrogen in blast furnace iron-making and sintering processes. This book provides a comprehensive and detailed description of the theories and process technologies involved in hydrogen metallurgy at the levels of fundamental theory, feasibility analysis, experimental studies, and industrial applications. This book can be usedas a reference for metallurgical engineering, iron, and steel metallurgy majors, as well as teachers and students, researchers, engineers, and enterprise staff interested in hydrogen and low-carbon metallurgy-related fields.
Primary ICT Knowledge, Understanding and Practice
by Edward WinklemanThis second edition of a highly successful course book is written specifically to help British trainee primary teachers develop a secure knowledge and understanding of the ways in which ICT supports teaching and learning. It identifies clear links with the new Standards for the award of Qualified Teacher Status, with the National Curriculum, and with the exemplar Scheme of Work for ICT at Key Stages 1 and 2. Each chapter includes links with recent and relevant research as well as directed activities providing a focus for further reading, observation, practice, evaluation and reflection.
Primary ICT: Extending Knowledge In Practice (Achieving QTS Extending Knowledge in Practice LM Series)
by John DufftyStill the biggest concern for many on initial teacher training courses is the acquisition of subject knowledge and the ability to translate that into effective teaching. This book addresses this - building on the core subject knowledge covered in the Achieving QTS series and relating it to classroom practice. It supports trainees in extending and deepening their knowledge of ICT and demonstrating how to apply it to planning and implementing lessons. Practical and up-to-date teaching examples are used to clearly contextualize subject knowledge. A clear focus on classroom practice helps trainees to build confidence and develop their own teaching strategies.
Primary Science
by John Sharp Graham Peacock Rob Johnsey Debbie WrightThis dictionary has been updated with new headwords, now over 650, makingit more comprehensive. Each entry is in alphabetical order and along with aclear and straightforward definition, has a funky colour illustration or diagramto help explain the meaning. Cross references link the user to other usefulwords in this dictionary so it is easy to build up vocabulary quickly. Thecolourful, modern design and artwork make it easy to pick out the word you need,and fully understand it.
Primary Science Audit and Test: Audit And Test (Achieving QTS Series)
by John Sharp Jenny Byrne Andri ChristodoulouIf you are a primary trainee, you must demonstrate a knowledge of science to be recommended for QTS. This popular, widely recommended, text helps you audit your knowledge of science and understand what learning you need to pass your course. A rigorous test helps you identify your strengths and weaknesses and can be revisited at key stages in your course as a tool to monitor and evaluate progress. The fourth edition has been updated in line with the new National Curriculum, includes more information on expanding and developing your knowledge of science and is linked to the 2012 Teachers' Standards.
Primary Science Curriculum Guide
by John StringerThis guide provides trainee teachers with an insight into the nature and teaching of primary science. It aims to introduce you to the ways in which children learn science, and to the science itself. Each Unit can be studied independently or used to support/prepare for school experiences. You will be directed towards additional reading, which will develop or confirm the subject knowledge you will need to achieve QTS. the curriculum guide is up-to-date, revised to take account of Curriculum 2000 and accepted 'good practice' in primary science teaching and learning. It is also flexible - many of the Units are stand-alone. They can be undertaken in any order, at your own pace, to complement school experiences. The Units are practical and feasible: the activities suggested can be undertaken by the non-specialist; in many cases without specialized equipment or access to large numbers of pupils. The guide is comprehensive, covering all the primary science elements in Curriculum 2000 and giving background information into other aspects of primary science teaching. It is also supportive - the guide suggests further texts to support trainees' own understanding of the scientific and pedagogical concepts involved. Additional reading draws on the TTA's list of approved key texts. The original text was piloted by students following a distance-learning PGCE course. It has been revised and updated in line with their comments and to meet Curriculum 2000 and Curriculum Guidance for the Foundation Stage. The text was initially developed as a core text for the part-time distance-learning course at Liverpool Hope and is designed for trainee teachers on distance learning and flexible routes, returning, converting or overseas teachers.
Primary Science Teaching Theory and Practice
by John Sharp Graham Peacock Rob Johnsey Shirley Simon Robin Smith Alan Cross Diane HarrisThe 6th edition of this popular core text provides the essential teaching theory and practice for primary science. It promotes effective teaching through secure pedagogical knowledge, covering the key skills of planning, monitoring and assessment and class management, and relating these specifically to primary science. This 6th edition is linked to the 2012 Teachers' Standards. With full coverage of the theory and practice required for effective and creative science teaching, this text is an essential guide for all trainees working towards QTS. Throughout, practical guidance and features support trainees to translate this learning to the classroom, embed ICT in their lessons and to understand the wider context of their teaching. Trainees will find it helpful to use this book alongside Primary Science Knowledge and Understanding. About the Achieving QTS series All the books in this successful series support trainees through their initial teacher training and guide them in the acquistion of their subject knowledge, understanding and classroom practice. All new titles within the series link to the 2012 Teachers' Standards and take into account recent changes in Initial Teacher Training.
Primary Science for Trainee Teachers
by James Archer Ms Judith RodenWith chapter sequencing following the new Curriculum, this book supports trainee Primary school teachers to make use of the opportunities presented in the new National Curriculum for effective and engaging Science teaching. Covering all of the areas of the new National Curriculum for primary science and offering insight into effective teaching, it helps you connect what you need to teach to how it can be taught. This comprehensive guide to teaching Primary Science will help you secure your subject knowledge, understand how children learn about science and know how to plan and teach effective and inspiring science lessons. Exploring opportunities in the new curriculum for creative and imaginative teaching, it shows you how to capitalize on opportunities to teach Science in a way that sparks children's interest. Includes the full National Curriculum Programme of Study for Science, key stages 1 and 2 as a useful reference for trainee teachers.
Primary Science: A Guide to Teaching Practice
by Alan Peacock Mick DunneWhy is science hard to teach? What types of scientific investigation can you use in the primary classroom? Touching on current curriculum concerns and the wider challenges of developing high-quality science education, this book is an indispensable overview of important areas of teaching every aspiring primary school teacher needs to understand including: the role of science in the curriculum, communication and literacy in science teaching, science outside the classroom, transitional issues and assessment. Key features of this second edition include: • A new chapter on science in the Early Years • A new practical chapter on how to work scientifically • Master’s-level ‘critical reading’ boxes in every chapter linking topics to relevant specialist literature • Expanded coverage of creativity, and link science to numeracy and computing This is essential reading for all students studying primary science on initial teacher education courses, including undergraduate (BEd, BA with QTS), postgraduate (PGCE, School Direct, SCITT), and also NQTs. Mick Dunne is Senior Lecturer in Science Education at Manchester Metropolitan University Alan Peacock is Honorary Research Fellow at the University of Exeter
Primary Science: Knowledge And Understanding (Achieving QTS Series)
by Debbie Wright Keira Sewell Professor John Sharp Mr Graham A Peacock Mr Rob JohnseyNow with online resources to support subject knowledge! Secure subject knowledge and understanding is the foundation of confident, creative and effective teaching. To help your students master this, the 8th edition of this established text now comes with a range of online resources available on the brand new companion website including: a comprehensive science subject knowledge audit reflective self-assessment questions per chapter a science subject knowledge checklist useful weblinks for primary science teaching You can use the science subject knowledge audit to assess your trainees’ progress and ensure they better understand their level of knowledge. Grading students' overall performance, highlighting areas for improvement linked to relevant chapter reading and the ability to share results with their lecturer, makes this the ideal science subject assessment tool. This 8th edition, covering the whole curriculum for primary science, has also been updated to include more on why science matters in primary schools and new content on ‘States of matter’, 'Rocks and soils’ and the 'Theory of Evolution'. New interactive activities are included to engage students in their learning and enable discussion. Using this book in conjunction with the free online resources really makes this the complete package for developing science subject knowledge.
Primary Science: Knowledge and Understanding
by John Sharp Graham Peacock Rob Johnsey Debbie WrightThe 6th edition of this popular core text is the essential subject knowledge book for primary science. Helping trainees to establish and consolidate a secure subject knowledge and understanding of primary science, it promotes the development of confident, creative and effective teachers. This 6th edition is linked to the 2012 Teachers' Standards. Providing full coverage of the required subject knowledge for primary science, this is a core text for primary trainees working towards QTS. Self assessment questions enable reader to understand their own level of knowledge and an M level extension feature in all chapters suggests avenues for further study at Masters level. Research summaries include the latest works in primary science and throughout interactive tasks engage the reader with the text, helping them to link theory and practice. Trainees will find it helpful to use this book alongside Primary Science Teaching Theory and Practice. About the Achieving QTS series All the books in this successful series support trainees through their initial teacher training and guide them in the acquisition of their subject knowledge, understanding and classroom practice. All new titles within the series link to the 2012 Teachers' Standards and take into account recent changes in Initial Teacher Training.
Primary Science: Knowledge and Understanding (Achieving QTS Series)
by John Sharp Rob Johnsey Debbie Wright Graham A PeacockAll the subject knowledge you need to teach primary science. The essential subject knowledge text for primary science. Secure subject knowledge and understanding is the foundation of confident, creative and effective teaching. This comprehensive text, covering the whole primary curriculum, includes interactive tasks, self-assessment questions and links to other resources in all chapters. Primary science matters. This 10th edition includes links to the ITT Core Content Framework and new content on children’s common misconceptions in science.
Primary Science: Knowledge and Understanding (Achieving QTS Series)
by John Sharp Rob Johnsey Debbie Wright Graham A PeacockAll the subject knowledge you need to teach primary science. The essential subject knowledge text for primary science. Secure subject knowledge and understanding is the foundation of confident, creative and effective teaching. This comprehensive text, covering the whole primary curriculum, includes interactive tasks, self-assessment questions and links to other resources in all chapters. Primary science matters. This 10th edition includes links to the ITT Core Content Framework and new content on children’s common misconceptions in science.