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Resilient Structures and Infrastructure
by Izuru Takewaki Paolo Gardoni Ehsan Noroozinejad Farsangi Tony Y. Yang Abolhassan Astaneh-AslThis book discusses resilience in terms of structures’ and infrastructures’ responses to extreme loading conditions. These include static and dynamic loads such as those generated by blasts, terrorist attacks, seismic events, impact loadings, progressive collapse, floods and wind. In the last decade, the concept of resilience and resilient-based structures has increasingly gained in interest among engineers and scientists. Resilience describes a given structure’s ability to withstand sudden shocks. In other words, it can be measured by the magnitude of shock that a system can tolerate. This book offers a valuable resource for the development of new engineering practices, codes and regulations, public policy, and investigation reports on resilience, and provides broad and integrated coverage of the effects of dynamic loadings, and of the modeling techniques used to compute the structural response to these loadings.
Resilient Water Management Strategies in Urban Settings: Innovations in Decentralized Water Infrastructure Systems (Springer Water)
by Tamim Younos Tammy E. Parece Juneseok LeeThis book documents innovative approaches for integrating green technologies and decentralized water infrastructure. The two major components of green decentralized water infrastructure are: (1) using locally available alternative water sources (rainwater, greywater, and brackish/saltwater) (at multiple scales, e.g., a single building to a neighborhood community level); and (2) using renewable energy resources (solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, other). Chapter 1, introduces the concept and framework of green decentralized water infrastructure. The subsequent nine chapters give a detailed description of global case studies, and discuss significant components of the green decentralized water infrastructure and the challenges. The chapters document global case studies and prospects (chapters 1-7) followed by challenges facing decentralized water infrastructure (chapters 8-10). The book will provide a cross-disciplinary knowledge-base for smart & futuristic water management in urban settings and a significant opportunity for sharing smart and decentralized water technologies at the global level
Resilient and Responsible Smart Cities: The Path to Future Resiliency (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)
by Eduardo L. Krüger Tanweer Alam Hirushie Pramuditha KarunathilakeThis book is a compilation of diverse, yet homogenic, research papers that discuss current advances in Earth Observation and Geospatial Information Technologies to tackle new horizons concerning the digitization and information management in smart cities’ infrastructures. The book also tackles the challenges faced by urban planners by the new mega-cities and proposes a series of solutions to resolve complex urban issues. It suggests enhancing the integration of disciplines, thus, bringing together architects, urban planners, civil engineers, landscape designers and computer scientists to address the problems that our cities are facing. This book is a culmination of selected research papers from IEREK’s fourth edition of the International Conference on Future Smart Cities (FSC) and the fourth edition of the International Conference on Resilient and Responsible Architecture and Urbanism (RRAU) held online in collaboration with the XMUM, Selangor, Malaysia (2021).
Resistance Behavior to National eHealth Implementation Programs
by Philipp KlöckerThis monograph discusses challenges faced during the implementation of national eHealth programs. In particular, it analyzes the causes of stakeholders' reluctance to adopt these technologies by drawing on user resistance theory and context specific variables. Taking the example of the introduction of the electronic health card (Elektronische Gesundheitskarte - eGK) technology in Germany, the book presents insights into why these programs are often lengthy, costly and have previously been met with fierce resistance from key stakeholders. It also presents a quantitative and qualitative study of individual physicians' resistance behavior towards these new eHealth technologies.
Resistance Spot Welding: Fundamentals and Applications for the Automotive Industry (Synthesis Lectures on Welding Engineering)
by David H. Phillips Menachem KimchiThe book begins with thorough coverage of Resistance Spot Welding fundamentals and principles, including concepts such as Lobe Curves, contact resistance vs. electrode force, dynamic resistance, heat balance challenges, nugget growth, machine types and power supplies, and electrodes. Subsequent chapters address challenges and approaches to important topics of welding advanced high-strength steels, such as DP, TRIP, TWIP, and Press Hardening Steel, as well as aluminum alloys. Welding issues associated with the various coatings used on these steels are addressed. The final chapters are dedicated to weld quality, monitoring, testing, computational modeling, and common automotive production issues such as the welding of multiple sheet stack-ups and a brief overview of associated codes and standards. The second edition includes updated chapters and additional information, such as expanded information on welding aluminum to steel, a new section on alternative welding and joining methods, and updates on monitoring and control as well as welding issues associated with the latest advanced high-strength steels.
Resistance Training Methods: From Theory to Practice (Lecture Notes in Bioengineering)
by Redha Taiar Alejandro Muñoz-López Borja SañudoThis book reviews the main principles of resistance training, from basics to modern insights. It includes practical ways to develop most of the strength training methods, including monitoring and testing procedures. It merges practical tips with knowledge about the scientific background concerning program and periodization. It describes procedures for special populations, such as elderly or women.Gathering contributions by authoritative researchers and professors in the fields of sport science and biomechanics, this book provides an integrated view of strength training programming, and describes the most important biological factors associated with this type of training. The evidence-based and detailed description of each single mechanism to be trained to enhance performance is covered in depth. Thanks to its strong academic background, an being self-contained, this book offers a valuable reference guide for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in sports science, as well as an inspiring guide for sport and health researchers and professional trainers alike.
Resistance Training for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Disease
by William J. Kraemer Joseph T. CiccoloCurrent evidence supports the use of resistance training as an independent method to prevent, treat, and potentially reverse the impact of numerous chronic diseases. With physical inactivity one of the top risk factors for global mortality, a variety of worldwide initiatives have been launched, and resistance training is promoted by numerous organisations. An evidence-based guide, this book presents an in-depth analysis of the independent and positive effects of resistance training on the prevention, management, and treatment of many chronic conditions. Written by some of the world's leading exercise physiologists and resistance training experts, the chapters provide detailed descriptions of the benefits of resistance training for specific clinical populations, including guidelines on how to construct a tailored resistance training prescription. Chapters cover resistance training to treat cardiovascular disease, metabolic diseases, cancer, orthopedic diseases, neuromuscular disorders, and more.
Resistance Welding: Fundamentals and Applications, Second Edition
by Hongyan Zhang Jacek SenkaraDrawing on state-of-the-art research results, Resistance Welding: Fundamentals and Applications, Second Edition systematically presents fundamental aspects of important processes in resistance welding and discusses their implications on real-world welding applications. This updated edition describes progress made in resistance welding research and
Resistance to the Current: The Dialectics of Hacking (Information Policy)
by Johan Soderberg MaxigasHow hacking cultures drive contemporary capitalism and the future of innovation.In Resistance to the Current, Johan Söderberg and Maxigas examine four historical case studies of hacker movements and their roles in shaping the twenty-first-century&’s network society. Based on decades of field work and analysis, this intervention into current debates situates an exploding variety of hacking practices within the contradictions of capitalism. Depoliticized accounts of computing cultures and collaborative production miss their core driver, write Söderberg and Maxigas: the articulation of critique and its recuperation into innovations.Drawing on accounts of building, developing, and running community wireless networks, 3D printers, hackerspaces, and chat protocols, the authors develop a theoretical framework of critique and recuperation to examine how hackers—who have long held a reputation for being underground rebels—transform their outputs from communal, underground experiments to commercial products that benefit the state and capital. This framework allows a dialectical understanding of contemporary social conflicts around technology and innovation. Hackers&’ critiques of contemporary norms spur innovation, while recuperation turns these innovations into commodified products and services. Recuperation threatens the autonomy of hacker collectives, harnessing their outputs for the benefit of a capitalist system.With significant practical implications, this sophisticated multidisciplinary account of technology-oriented movements that seek to challenge capitalism will appeal to science and technology readers interested in innovation studies, user studies, cultural studies, and media and communications.
Resistance, Liberation Technology and Human Rights in the Digital Age
by Giovanni ZiccardiThis book explains strategies, techniques, legal issues and the relationships between digital resistance activities, information warfare actions, liberation technology and human rights. It studies the concept of authority in the digital era and focuses in particular on the actions of so-called digital dissidents. Moving from the difference between hacking and computer crimes, the book explains concepts of hacktivism, the information war between states, a new form of politics (such as open data movements, radical transparency, crowd sourcing and "Twitter Revolutions"), and the hacking of political systems and of state technologies. The book focuses on the protection of human rights in countries with oppressive regimes.
Resistant Starch: Sources, Applications and Health Benefits (Institute of Food Technologists Series #75)
by Daniel Granato Gastón AresThe discovery of resistant starch is considered one of the major developments in our understanding of the importance of carbohydrates for health in the past twenty years. Resistant starch, which is resistant to digestion and absorption in the human small intestine with complete or partial fermentation in the large intestine, is naturally present in foods. Resistant Starch: Sources, Applications and Health Benefits covers the intrinsic and extrinsic sources of resistant starch in foods, and compares different methods of measuring resistant starch and their strengths and limitations. Applications in different food categories are fully covered, with descriptions of how resistant starch performs in bakery, dairy, snack, breakfast cereals, pasta, noodles, confectionery, meat, processed food and beverage products.
Resistencia: Un año en el espacio
by Scott KellyAntes de conquistar Marte, debemos aprender a sobrevivir en el espacio. Un libro ejemplar sobre el triunfo de la imaginación humana, la fuerza de voluntad y las maravillas infinitas de la galaxia. Scott Kelly es el hombre que más tiempo ha pasado en el espacio, 340 días, durante los cuales ha visto y vivido cosas que prácticamente ninguno de nosotros veremos o experimentaremos nunca. A través de su increíble historia, Kelly nos revela un entorno absolutamente hostil al ser humano y cuáles fueron los retos más extremos que tuvo que afrontar: los devastadores efectos corporales, la tristeza y la soledad que conlleva estar separado de los seres queridos, el total y absoluto aislamiento de todas las comodidades terrestres, los catastróficos riesgos de chocar contra basura espacial y, aún peor, la amenaza angustiante de ser incapaz de ayudar si algo malo ocurre en casa. En Resistencia la humanidad, la compasión, el sentido del humor, el entusiasmo y la determinación de este héroe moderno resuenan en cada una de sus palabras. Su mensaje es una fuente de inspiración para generaciones futuras y su relato personal cautiva desde la primera página.
Resisting Global Toxics: Transnational Movements for Environmental Justice
by David Naguib PellowEvery year, nations and corporations in the "global North" produce millions of tons of toxic waste. Too often this hazardous material--linked to high rates of illness and death and widespread ecosystem damage--is exported to poor communities of color around the world. In Resisting Global Toxics,David Naguib Pellow examines this practice and charts the emergence of transnational environmental justice movements to challenge and reverse it. Pellow argues that waste dumping across national boundaries from rich to poor communities is a form of transnational environmental inequality that reflects North/South divisions in a globalized world, and that it must be theorized in the context of race, class, nation, and environment. Building on environmental justice studies, environmental sociology, social movement theory, and race theory, and drawing on his own research, interviews, and participant observations, Pellow investigates the phenomenon of global environmental inequality and considers the work of activists, organizations, and networks resisting it. He traces the transnational waste trade from its beginnings in the 1980s to the present day, examining global garbage dumping, the toxic pesticides that are the legacy of the Green Revolution in agriculture, and today's scourge of dumping and remanufacturing high tech and electronics products. The rise of the transnational environmental movements described in Resisting Global Toxicscharts a pragmatic path toward environmental justice, human rights, and sustainability.
Resistive Switching
by Rainer Waser Daniele IelminiWith its comprehensive coverage, this reference introduces readers to the wide topic of resistance switching, providing the knowledge, tools, and methods needed to understand, characterize and apply resistive switching memories. Starting with those materials that display resistive switching behavior, the book explains the basics of resistive switching as well as switching mechanisms and models. An in-depth discussion of memory reliability is followed by chapters on memory cell structures and architectures, while a section on logic gates rounds off the text. An invaluable self-contained book for materials scientists, electrical engineers and physicists dealing with memory research and development.
Resistive Switching: Oxide Materials, Mechanisms, Devices and Operations (Electronic Materials: Science & Technology)
by Daniele Ielmini Jennifer Rupp Ilia ValovThis book provides a broad examination of redox-based resistive switching memories (ReRAM), a promising technology for novel types of nanoelectronic devices, according to the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, and the materials and physical processes used in these ionic transport-based switching devices. It covers defect kinetic models for switching, ReRAM deposition/fabrication methods, tuning thin film microstructures, and material/device characterization and modeling. A slate of world-renowned authors address the influence of type of ionic carriers, their mobility, the role of the local and chemical composition and environment, and facilitate readers’ understanding of the effects of composition and structure at different length scales (e.g., crystalline vs amorphous phases, impact of extended defects such as dislocations and grain boundaries). ReRAMs show outstanding potential for scaling down to the atomic level, fast operation in the nanosecond range, low power consumption, and non-volatile storage. The book is ideal for materials scientists and engineers concerned with novel types of nanoelectronic devices such as memories, memristors, and switches for logic and neuromorphic computing circuits beyond the von Neumann concept.
Resistive, Capacitive, Inductive, and Magnetic Sensor Technologies (Series in Sensors)
by Winncy Y. DuSensor technologies have experienced dramatic growth in recent years, making a significant impact on national security, health care, environmental improvement, energy management, food safety, construction monitoring, manufacturing and process control, and more. However, education on sensor technologies has not kept pace with this rapid development
Resistivity Recovery in Fe and FeCr alloys
by Begoña Gómez-FerrerThis book covers the Resistivity Recovery (RR) technique, underlying its physical principles, performance and problematic. A concise review on the state of the art is provided, showing the advances in radiation modelling, linking both experimental and theoretical fields. The reader will find a data compilation and comparison of up-to-date results obtained from the European Fusion Development Agreement model alloys.
Resistor-based Temperature Sensors in CMOS Technology (Analog Circuits and Signal Processing)
by Kofi A.A. Makinwa Sining PanThis book describes the background, principles, implementations, characterization, and future trends of temperature sensors made from silicon resistors in CMOS technology, including their readout circuits. Readers will benefit from the latest research of CMOS temperature sensors, and could learn about various precision analog techniques such as phase detection, continuous-time ΔΣ ADC, zoom ADC, FIR-DAC, dynamic element matching, OTA linearization, etc.
Resolving Water Conflicts Workbook (Social-Environmental Sustainability)
by Chris Maser Lynette De SilvaThis book works to build trust, consensus, and capacity to enhance understanding through a water conflict management framework designed to bolster collaborative skills. Built on case-studies analysis and hands-on real-life applications, it addresses issues of water insecurity of marginalized systems and communities, global water viability, institutional resilience, and the inclusion of faith-based traditions for climate action. The authors assess the complexities of climate challenges and explain how to create sustainable, effective, and efficient water approaches for an improved ecological and socioeconomic future within the UN's Sustainable Development Goals.
Resonance Effects of Excitons and Electrons
by Dieter Suter Ion GeruThis book presents the various types of resonance effects on excitons, biexcitons and the local electronic centers (LEC) in solids, such as paramagnetic and paraelectric resonances on excitons, exciton acoustic resonance at intra- and interband transitions, radio-optical double resonance on excitons, hole-nuclear double resonance on localized biexcitons, ENDOR and acoustic ENDOR on LEC. The criteria for the generation of coherent photons, phonons and magnons by excitons are explained. The interactions of excitons and biexcitons with paramagnetic centers and nuclear spins, the indirect interaction between the PC through a field of excitons as well as the quasienergy spectrum of excitons and spin systems are discussed. It is proved that the interaction of paramagnetic centers with excitons increases the spin relaxation rate of paramagnetic centers in comparison with the case of their interaction with free carriers. The giant magneto-optical effects in semi-magnetic semiconductors are theoretically interpreted. In recent years, a new perspective has been added to these systems and their interactions: They can be used for storing and processing information in the form of quantum bits (qubits), the building blocks of quantum computers. The basics of this emerging technology are explained and examples of demonstration-type quantum computers based on localized spins in solids are discussed.
Resonant MEMS
by Gary K. Fedder Osamu Tabata Christofer Hierold Jan G. Korvink Oliver Brand Fabien Josse Isabelle Dufour Stephen HeinrichPart of the AMN book series, this book covers the principles, modeling and implementation as well as applications of resonant MEMS from a unified viewpoint. It starts out with the fundamental equations and phenomena that govern the behavior of resonant MEMS and then gives a detailed overview of their implementation in capacitive, piezoelectric, thermal and organic devices, complemented by chapters addressing the packaging of the devices and their stability. The last part of the book is devoted to the cutting-edge applications of resonant MEMS such as inertial, chemical and biosensors, fluid properties sensors, timing devices and energy harvesting systems.
Resonant Power Converters
by Marian K. Kazimierczuk Dariusz CzarkowskiThis book is devoted to resonant energy conversion in power electronics. It is a practical, systematic guide to the analysis and design of various dc-dc resonant inverters, high-frequency rectifiers, and dc-dc resonant converters that are building blocks of many of today's high-frequency energy processors. Designed to function as both a superior senior-to-graduate level textbook for electrical engineering courses and a valuable professional reference for practicing engineers, it provides students and engineers with a solid grasp of existing high-frequency technology, while acquainting them with a number of easy-to-use tools for the analysis and design of resonant power circuits. Resonant power conversion technology is now a very hot area and in the center of the renewable energy and energy harvesting technologies.
Resonant Scattering and Generation of Waves: Cubically Polarizable Layers (Mathematical Engineering Ser.)
by Lutz Angermann Vasyl V. YatsykThis monograph deals with theoretical aspects and numerical simulations of the interaction of electromagnetic fields with nonlinear materials. It focuses in particular on media with nonlinear polarization properties. It addresses the direct problem of nonlinear Electrodynamics, that is to understand the nonlinear behavior in the induced polarization and to analyze or even to control its impact on the propagation of electromagnetic fields in the matter. The book gives a comprehensive presentation of the results obtained by the authors during the last decade and put those findings in a broader, unified context and extends them in several directions.It is divided into eight chapters and three appendices. Chapter 1 starts from the Maxwell’s equations and develops a wave propagation theory in plate-like media with nonlinear polarizability. In chapter 2 a theoretical framework in terms of weak solutions is given in order to prove the existence and uniqueness of a solution of the semilinear boundary-value problem derived in the first chapter. Chapter 3 presents a different approach to the solvability theory of the reduced frequency-domain model. Here the boundary-value problem is reduced to finding solutions of a system of one-dimensional nonlinear Hammerstein integral equations. Chapter 4 describes an approach to the spectral analysis of the linearized system of integral equations. Chapters 5 and 6 are devoted to the numerical approximation of the solutions of the corresponding mathematical models. Chapter 7 contains detailed descriptions, discussions and evaluations of the numerical experiments. Finally, chapter 8 gives a summary of the results and an outlook for future work.
Resonant Tunneling: Quantum Waveguides of Variable Cross-Section, Asymptotics, Numerics, and Applications (Lecture Notes on Numerical Methods in Engineering and Sciences)
by Pekka Neittaanmäki Lev Baskin Boris Plamenevskii Oleg SarafanovThis book studies electron resonant tunneling in two- and three-dimensional quantum waveguides of variable cross-sections in the time-independent approach. Mathematical models are suggested for the resonant tunneling and develop asymptotic and numerical approaches for investigating the models. Also, schemes are presented for several electronics devices based on the phenomenon of resonant tunneling. Compared to its first edition, this book includes four new chapters, redistributes the content between chapters and modifies the estimates of the remainders in the asymptotics of resonant tunneling characteristics. The book is addressed to mathematicians, physicists, and engineers interested in waveguide theory and its applications in electronics.
Resorbable Fiber-Forming Polymers for Biotextile Applications
by Chirag R. Gajjar Martin W. KingThis book summarizes the properties and applications of conventional and commercially available fiber-forming, bioresorbable polymers, as well as those currently under study, for use as biotextiles. Factors affecting the performance of these biomaterials are presented, and precautionary measures to reduce premature, hydrolytic degradation during manufacturing and processing are discussed. Because of the structural requirements of medical devices and the technological advancements in synthetic fibers and textile technology, the new field of "Biotextiles" has evolved to exploit the potential of various woven, knitted, braided and non-woven textile structures for biomedical applications. Textile substrates provide certain unique mechanical properties to the medical device and because of an inherently high level of porosity, they can encourage cell growth and promote migration and proliferation. Bioresorbable devices that assist in the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues have in recent years replaced many of the permanent prosthetic devices. Thus, the topic of "Bioresorbable Biomaterials" generates much interest and research activity in the field of biomaterials science today. For this reason, the use of bioresorbable polymers as fibers is currently dominating the field of resorbable biomaterials for applications from sutures to tissue engineering scaffolds.