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Study of Movement Speeds Down Stairs
by James A. Milke Bryan L. HoskinsThe Study of Movement Speeds Down Stairs closely examines forty-three unique case studies on movement patterns down stairwells. These studies include observations made during evacuation drills, others made during normal usage, interviews with people after fire evacuations, recommendations made from compiled studies, and detailed results from laboratory studies. The methodology used in each study for calculating density and movement speed, when known, are also presented, and this book identifies an additional seventeen variables linked to altering movement speeds. The Study of Movement Speeds Down Stairs is intended for researchers as a reference guide for evaluating pedestrian evacuation dynamics down stairwells. Practitioners working in a related field may also find this book invaluable.
Study of New Ternary Rare-Earth Intermetallic Germanides with Polar Covalent Bonding: Beyond the Zintl Picture (Springer Theses)
by Riccardo FrecceroThe thesis focuses on the syntheses, structural characterizations and chemical bonding analyses for several ternary R–M–Ge (R = rare earth metal; M = another metal) intermetallics. The challenges in understanding the main interactions governing the chemistry of these compounds, which lead to our inability to predict their formation, structure and properties, are what provided the motivation for this study. In particular, the R2MGe6 (M = Li, Mg, Al, Cu, Zn, Pd, Ag), R4MGe10-x (M = Li, Mg), R2Pd3Ge5, Lu5Pd4Ge8, Lu3Pd4Ge4 and Yb2PdGe3 phases were synthesized and structurally characterized. Much effort was put into the stabilization of metastable phases, employing the innovative metal flux method, and into the accurate structure solution of twinned crystals. Cutting-edge position-space chemical bonding techniques were combined with new methodologies conceived to correctly describe the Ge–M, Ge–La and also La–M polar-covalent interactions for the La2MGe6 (M = Li, Mg, Al, Cu, Zn, Pd, Ag) series. The present results constitute a step forward in our comprehension of ternary germanide chemistry as well as providing a good playground for further investigations.
Study of Second Generation High Temperature Superconductors: Electromagnetic Characteristics and AC Loss Analysis (Springer Theses)
by Boyang ShenThis thesis introduces a systematic study on Second Generation (2G) High Temperature Superconductors (HTS), covering a novel design of an advanced medical imaging device using HTS, and an in-depth investigation on the losses of HTS.The text covers the design and simulation of a superconducting Lorentz Force Electrical Impedance Tomography. This is potentially a significant medical device that is more efficient and compact than an MRI, and is capable of detecting early cancer, as well as other pathologies such stroke and internal haemorrhages. It also presents the information regarding the fundamental physics of superconductivity, concentrating on the AC losses in superconducting coils and tapes.Overall, the thesis signifies an important contribution to the investigation of High Temperature Superconductors. This thesis will be beneficial to the development of advanced superconducting applications in healthcare as well as more broadly in electrical and energy systems.
Study on Ground Moving Target Indication and Imaging Technique of Airborne SAR
by Jian YangBased on a detailed analysis of the signal model of the moving target, this thesis focuses on the theories and applications of ground moving target indicator (GMTI) and ground moving target imaging (GMTIm) algorithms in synthetic aperture radar/ ground moving target indicator (SAR/GMTI mode), wide-area surveillance ground moving target indication (WAS-GMTI) mode and frequency modulated continuous wave synthetic aperture radar (FMCW SAR) systems. The proposed algorithms can not only indicate and image fast-moving targets, but are also effective in the context of slow-moving target processing. The system design scheme combines the mechanical scanning mode and the airborne SAR system, while the azimuth moving target indication algorithm employs the additional range walk migration induced by FMCW SAR systems. In addition, the non-ideal errors that deteriorate the performance of GMTIm algorithms in real SAR data processing are discussed, and suitable compensation methods are provided.
Study on Heterotrophic-Autotrophic Denitrification Permeable Reactive Barriers (HAD PRBs) for In Situ Groundwater Remediation
by Fei Liu Huade Guan Lingling Zhu Hongyan Hu Guoxin Huang Howard Fallowfield"Heterotrophic-Autotrophic Denitrification Permeable Reactive Barriers (HAD PRBs) for Groundwater in Situ Remediation" is an unmatched reference work on PRBs for groundwater in situ remediation. It proposes a novel HAD PRB approach for nitrate-contaminated groundwater remediation, and provides a systematic and clear explanation of design concepts and denitrification mechanisms. The book consists of four chapters, each of which covers key aspects of HAD PRBs. It provides rich, easy-to-follow illustrations, tables and references. Unique as a comprehensive reference work on the subject, it will serve as a valuable resource for all engineers and scientists active in environmental science and engineering, groundwater science, engineering and molecular biology. Prof. Fei Liu works at China University of Geosciences (Beijing), China. Dr. Guoxin Huang works at Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, China. Both Prof. Howard Fallowfield and Prof. Huade Guan work at Flinders University, Australia. Assistant Engineer Lingling Zhu works at Geological Publishing House, China. Assistant Engineer Hongyan Hu works at Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Prospecting Institute of Heilongjiang Province, China.
Study on Microextrusion-based 3D Bioprinting and Bioink Crosslinking Mechanisms (Springer Theses)
by Liliang OuyangThis book presents a comprehensive study on microextrusion-based 3D bioprinting technologies for bioinks with various crosslinking mechanisms, chiefly focusing on the bioprinting process and bioink properties to provide readers with a better understanding of this state-of-the-art technology. Further, it summarizes a number of general criteria and research routes for microextrusion-based 3D bioprinting using three experimental studies based on shear-thinning, thermo-sensitive and non-viscous hydrogel bioinks. The book also presents sample applications in the areas of stem cells and cell matrix interaction. The book highlights pioneering results in the development of bioprinting technologies and bioinks, which were published in high-quality journals such as Advanced Materials, Biofabrication and ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering. These include an in-situ crosslinking strategy that overcomes the viscosity limits for bioinks, which is virtually impossible using conventional strategies, and can be generalized for other bioink formulations.
Study on Signal Detection and Recovery Methods with Joint Sparsity (Springer Theses)
by Xueqian WangThe task of signal detection is deciding whether signals of interest exist by using their observed data. Furthermore, signals are reconstructed or their key parameters are estimated from the observations in the task of signal recovery. Sparsity is a natural characteristic of most of signals in practice. The fact that multiple sparse signals share the common locations of dominant coefficients is called by joint sparsity. In the context of signal processing, joint sparsity model results in higher performance of signal detection and recovery. This book focuses on the task of detecting and reconstructing signals with joint sparsity. The main contents include key methods for detection of joint sparse signals and their corresponding theoretical performance analysis, and methods for joint sparse signal recovery and their application in the context of radar imaging.
Study on the Optimal Allocation of Water Resources Systems and the Comprehensive Utilization of Water Resources in Arid-Semiarid Multiple Mining Areas
by Dong ShuningArid-semiarid regions have suffered from sharp conflicts among water resource utilization, mining, and the environmental protection. Sustainable development in these regions requires a close coordination between economy, society and the environment. Based on systematic hydrogeological investigations, laboratory and in-situ tests, and application of innovative methodologies including theoretical analysis modeling and prediction to study water resource distribution (including surface water, groundwater, mine water and coal mine domestic water) in mining areas, this dissertation provides detailed analysis of the current situation and trend of water uses in domestic supply, agriculture and industry. It evaluates the status development and utilization, evolution trend, exploitation and utilization potential of water resources in Shen-Dong Coal Mine area, one of China's extra-large coal bases. Incorporated with the long and intermediate terms' development strategies of this area, the dissertation lays out a scientific allocation scheme of water resources in different hydrological years and proposes a planning mode of water resources development and utilization and a technical scheme for comprehensive water resources utilization to provide technical supports for the optimal allocation, rational exploitation, comprehensive utilization and scientific management of water resources. This dissertation is one of the best in Chang'an University because of the volume of reliable data, defensible scientific analysis, and world significance of the research results.
Study on the Zero-Backlash Roller Enveloping Precision Reducer
by Xingqiao DengThis book aims to describe the basis meshing theory of roller enveloping worm gear and provides the new design and manufacturing method for solving the problem of backlash in gearing transmission. Also, it presents a new efficient numerical calculation means to predict the lubrication properties for two complex surface meshing in space. Our results provide a series of new viewpoints for design precision reducer.
Studying Cell Metabolism and Cell Interactions Using Microfluidic Devices Coupled with Mass Spectrometry
by Huibin WeiThis thesis describes a new approach for cell analysis by the rapid developing microfluidic technology. The nominee has made great contributions to develop a new analysis platform which combined microfluidic devices with mass spectrometry to determine the trace compounds secreted by cells. Based on this analysis platform, she studied the specific cell secreting behaviors under controlled microenvironment, of which the secretion compounds were qualified and semi-quantified by mass spectrometry. A novel cell sorting device integrated homogenous porous PDMS membrane was invented to classify cells from real samples based on the size difference. The nominee further studied the signal transmission between different cells, and the signal chemicals were qualitative and quantitative monitored by the analysis platform. This indicates the potential significant application of the new cell analysis platform in medicine screening and early diagnosis.
Studying Engineering: A Road Map to a Rewarding Career
by Raymond B. Landis Dean EmeritusStudying Engineering has been updated and expanded. Dated material has been updated and a wealth of relevant Internet sites has been added. Substantial new graphics have been added as well to improve readability. A new Prologue has been included to give students a clearer perspective on what this book has to offer and - more importantly - what steps they can take to get the most from it. New sections have been added on subjects such as fixed vs. growth mindset, reverse engineering, sustainability, life-long learning, study abroad, entrepreneurship, and teamwork and leadership. The Prologue, "What This Book Has to Offer and How to Get It," discusses the potential of this book to make a difference in students' lives, and provides guidance on how to realize that potential.
Studying Engineering: A Road Map to a Rewarding Career (3rd Edition)
by Raymond B. LandisStudying Engineering, Third Edition has been updated and expanded. This book was the outgrowth of more than 30 years of teaching Introduction to Engineering courses.
Studying Kinetics with Neutrons
by Helmut Schober Götz Eckold Stephen E. NaglerNeutrons are extremely versatile probes for investigating structure and dynamics in condensed matter. Due to their large penetration depth, they are ideal for in-situ measurements of samples situated in sophisticated and advanced environments. The advent of new high-intensity neutron sources and instruments, as well as the development of new real-time techniques, allows the tracking of transformation processes in condensed matter on a microscopic scale. The present volume provides a review of the state of the art of this new and exciting field of kinetics with neutrons.
Studying Virtual Math Teams
by Gerry StahlStudying Virtual Math Teams centers on detailed empirical studies of how students in small online groups make sense of math issues and how they solve problems by making meaning together. These studies are woven together with materials that describe the online environment and pedagogical orientation, as well as reflections on the theoretical implications of the findings in the studies. The nature of group cognition and shared meaning making in collaborative learning is a foundational research issue in CSCL. More generally, the theme of sense making is a central topic in information science. While many authors allude to these topics, few have provided this kind of detailed analysis of the mechanisms of intersubjective meaning making. This book presents a coherent research agenda that has been pursued by the author and his research group. The book opens with descriptions of the project and its methodology, as well as situating this research in the past and present context of the CSCL research field. The core research team then presents five concrete analyses of group interactions in different phases of the Virtual Math Teams research project. These chapters are followed by several studies by international collaborators, discussing the group discourse, the software affordances and alternative representations of the interaction, all using data from the VMT project. The concluding chapters address implications for the theory of group cognition and for the methodology of the learning sciences. In addition to substantial introductory and concluding chapters, this important new book includes analyses based upon the author's previous research, thereby providing smooth continuity and an engaging flow that follows the progression of the research. The VMT project has dual goals: (a) to provide a source of experience and data for practical and theoretical explorations of group knowledge building and (b) to develop an effective online environment and educational service for collaborative learning of mathematics. Studying Virtual Math Teams reflects these twin orientations, reviewing the intertwined aims and development of a rigorous science of small-group cognition and a Web 2.0 educational math service. It documents the kinds of interactional methods that small groups use to explore math issues and provides a glimpse into the potential of online interaction to promote productive math discourse.
Style: Lessons in Clarity and Grace Eleventh Edition
by Joseph M. Williams Joseph BizupWilliams' own clear, accessible style models the kind of writing that audiences-both in college and after-will admire. The principles offered here help writers understand what readers expect and encourage writers to revise to meet those expectations more effectively. This book is all you need to understand the principles of effective writing.
Style: The Basics of Clarity and Grace
by Joseph Bizup Joseph WilliamsStyle: The Basics of Clarity and Grace reflects the wisdom and clear authorial voice of Williams' best-selling book, Style: Lessons in Clarity and Grace, while streamlining every chapter to create a very brief, yet powerfully direct guide to writing with style. The concise clarity of this book makes it a handy reference for anyone interested in good writing--as well as a quick and ideal guide for freshman composition courses, writing courses across the disciplines, and as a supporting text in courses that require clear and direct writing. Style: The Basics covers the elemental principles of writing that will help students diagnose the strengths and weaknesses of their prose quickly and revise effectively. The text features principles of effective prose written in Williams' hallmark conversational style, offering reason-based principles, rather than hard and fast rules, for successful, effective writing.
Style: The Basics of Clarity and Grace (4th Edition)
by Joseph M. Williams Gregory G. ColombStyle: The Basics of Clarity and Grace reflects the wisdom and clear authorial voice of Williams' best-selling book, Style: Lessons in Clarity and Grace, while streamlining every chapter to create a very brief, yet powerfully direct guide to writing with style. The concise clarity of this book makes it a handy reference for anyone interested in good writing.
Städtebaulicher Schallschutz (Fachwissen Technische Akustik)
by Michael Möser Gerhard MüllerIn diesem Band der Reihe Fachwissen Technische Akustik werden die Beeinträchtigungen durch Umgebungslärm dargestellt und aus den Lärmwirkungen Zielwerte für den Lärmschutz abgeleitet. Die Methodik des städtebaulichen Lärmschutzes wird erläutert. Das aktuell gültige Immissionsschutzrecht wird beschrieben und bewertet. Für den Straßenverkehrslärm als relevanteste Quelle werden Instrumente und Maßnahmen zur Minderung vorgestellt.
Störungstolerante Datenauthentifizierung für drahtlose Kommunikation
by Obaid Ur-Rehman Natasa ZivicDieses Buch gibt einen Einblick in die Herausforderungen der Datenauthentifizierung über drahtlose Kommunikationskanäle. Die Autoren gehen davon aus, dass die etablierten Standard-Authentifizierungsmechanismen nicht ausreichen, um Daten wie Sprache, Bilder und Videos über drahtlose Kanäle zu authentifizieren, da die drahtlose Kommunikation durch zahlreiche Störungen gekennzeichnet ist. Die Autoren schlagen neue Mechanismen vor, die auf so genannten Soft-Authentifizierungsalgorithmen basieren, die einige Änderungen an den zu schützenden Daten tolerieren. Die Autoren erklären, dass das Ziel dieser Algorithmen darin besteht, tolerant gegenüber inhaltlichen Änderungen auf Grund von Übertragungsfehler zu sein, aber dennoch in der Lage zu sein, Fälschungen zu erkennen. Ein weiterer Vorteil der Soft-Authentifizierungsalgorithmen besteht darin, dass sie in der Lage sind, die veränderten Stellen zu identifizieren und sie nach Möglichkeit zu korrigieren. Die Autoren zeigen, wie man dies erreicht, indem man die Datenmerkmale mit Hilfe von fehlerkorrigierenden Codes schützt. · Erörtert Methoden zur Authentifizierung von Daten (insbesondere von Bildern) bei Übertragungsstörungen, die bei der drahtlosen Kommunikation auftreten; · Stellt eine neue Klasse von Soft-Authentifizierungsmethoden vor, die anstelle der üblichen Hard-Authentifizierungsmethoden verwendet werden, um geringfügige Änderungen der Bilddaten zu tolerieren; · Verfügt über Authentifizierungsmethoden, die auf der Verwendung von Authentifizierungscodes und digitalen Wasserzeichen basieren
Sub- and Supercritical Hydrothermal Technology: Industrial Applications
by Sandeep Kumar Florin BarlaSub- and Supercritical Hydrothermal Technology: Industrial Applications offers a practical view of a variety of industrial applications and their challenges, offering a deep understanding of the application of sub- and supercritical fluids and their techno-economic viability. This book covers a wide range of applications of hydrothermal processing that result in almost zero waste, high energy efficiency, sustainable chemical processes, and minimal impact over the life cycle. These applications include processing of hazardous waste, bioproducts, coal, lipids, heavy oil and bitumen, and carbon materials. The use of hot-compressed water instead of different organic solvents, such as methanol, acetone, and hexane, is an environmentally benign, green, and sustainable option which can help to design chemical processes that support green chemistry and engineering. This book is pertinent for researchers and professionals in the fields of chemical engineering, industrial chemistry, environmental engineering, materials engineering, and manufacturing.
Sub-Micron Semiconductor Devices: Design and Applications
by Ashish RamanThis comprehensive reference text discusses novel semiconductor devices, including nanostructure field-effect transistors, photodiodes, high electron mobility transistors, and oxide-based devices. The text covers submicron semiconductor devices, device modeling, novel materials for devices, novel semiconductor devices, optimization techniques, and their application in detail. It covers such important topics as negative capacitance devices, surface-plasmon resonance devices, Fermi-level pinning, external stimuli-based optimization techniques, optoelectronic devices, and architecture-based optimization techniques. The book: Covers novel semiconductor devices with submicron dimensions Discusses comprehensive device optimization techniques Examines conceptualization and modeling of semiconductor devices Covers circuit and sensor-based application of the novel devices Discusses novel materials for next-generation devices This text will be useful for graduate students and professionals in fields including electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, materials science, and nanoscience.
Sub-Terahertz Sensing Technology for Biomedical Applications (Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering)
by Shiban Kishen Koul Priyansha KauravThis book offers the readers an opportunity to acquire the concepts of artificial intelligence (AI) enabled sub-THz systems for novel applications in the biomedical field. The readers will also be inspired to contextualize these applications for solving real life problems such as non-invasive glucose monitoring systems, cancer detection and dental imaging. The introductory section of this book focuses on existing technologies for radio frequency and infrared sensing in biomedical applications, and their limited use in sensing applications, as well as the advantages of using THz technology in this context. This is followed by a detailed comparative analysis of THz electronics technology and other conventional electro optic THz setups highlighting the superior efficiency, affordability and portability of electronics-based THz systems. The book also discusses electronic sub-THz measurement systems for different biomedical applications. The chapters elucidate two major applications where sub-THz provides an edge over existing state of the art techniques used for non-invasive measurement of blood glucose levels and intraoperative assessment of tumor margins. There is a detailed articulation of an application of leveraging machine learning for measurement systems for non-invasive glucose concentration measurement. This helps the reader relate to the output in a more user-friendly format and understand the possible use cases in a more lucid manner. The book is intended to help the reader learn how to build tissue phantoms and characterize them at sub-THz frequencies in order to test the measurement systems. Towards the end of the book, a brief introduction to system automation for biomedical imaging is provided as well for quick analysis of the data. The book will empower the reader to understand and appreciate the immense possibilities of using electronic THz systems in the biomedical field, creating gateways for fueling further research in this area.
Subdividing the Land: Metes and Bounds and Rectangular Survey Systems
by Gaby M. NeunzertIdeally, every tract of land has a description on paper and a physical survey on the ground. When boundary disputes arise, all parties concerned must quickly learn the vocabulary and processes involved with real estate. Written for anyone dealing in real estate transactions, Subdividing the Land: Metes and Bounds and Rectangular Survey Systems prov
Subject Seven
by Moore James A.Years ago, scientists began developing the ultimate military weapon: deadly sleeper assassins housed within the bodies of teenagers. Now, Subject Seven, the dangerous alter-ego living inside a 16-year-old boy, has escaped the lab and is on a mission. His objective? To seek out others like him and build an army capable of destroying their creators. Hunter, Cody, Gene, Tina, and Kylie: five teenagers leading typical lives, until the day they each receive a call from a mysterious stranger-and learn that their destinies are intertwined. Subject Seven holds the key that connects them all. And a vicious, bloody battle for their lives is just beginning.