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Testing and Characterisation of Earth-based Building Materials and Elements: State-of-the-Art Report of the RILEM TC 274-TCE (RILEM State-of-the-Art Reports #35)
by Jean-Claude Morel B. V. Venkatarama Reddy Antonin Fabbri Jean-Emmanuel Aubert Quoc-Bao Bui Domenico GallipoliThis book presents the work done by the RILEM Technical Committee 274-TCE. It focuses on the estimation of the parameters which are necessary to properly design earthen constructions. It provides a compilation of the value classically obtained for the key parameters of earthen materials, a pedagogical presentation of the main testing procedures for earthen materials, their advantage and their drawback and an overview of most standards on earthen materials, whatever their origin and their language.The book is divided into eight chapters. After a general introduction on earthen materials and constructions, the state of the art on the material characterisation technics, the assessment of hygrothermal performance, the mechanical behaviour, seismic resistance and the durability will be presented, each in a dedicated chapter. On the basis of these last chapters, a critical review of the standards which are used for earthen material will be presented in the last chapter. The last chapter is dedicated to the analysis of the environmental potential of earth-based building materials.
Testing and Evaluation of Standoff Chemical Agent Detectors
by National Research CouncilThe report provides an independent assessment of suitable test protocols that might be useful and reliable for the testing and evaluation of standoff chemical agent detectors. The report proposes two testing protocols, one for passive detectors and one for active detectors, to help ensure the reliable detection of a release of chemical warfare agents. The report determined that testing these detectors by release of chemical warfare agents into the atmosphere would not provide additional useful information on the effectiveness of these detectors than would a rigorous testing protocol using chemical agents in the laboratory combined with atmospheric release of simulated chemical warfare agents.
Testing and Experimentation in Civil Engineering: From Current to Smart Technologies (RILEM Bookseries #41)
by José Neves Diogo Ribeiro Carlos Chastre Maria Graça Neves Paulina Faria Fernando F. S. Pinho Hugo Biscaia Rui MicaeloThis book gathers the peer-reviewed selected papers presented at the 3rd International Conference on Testing and Experimentation in Civil Engineering (TEST&E 2022), held in Almada, Portugal, on June 21-23, 2022. It showcases the role of smart technologies in all civil engineering areas, such as structures and construction, geotechnics and natural resources, hydraulics and water resources, transportation and communication networks. The conference topics encompass big data and advanced data processing systems, AI applications, virtual and augmented reality, 3D modeling and printing, digital twins, automation, sensing and detection technologies, inspection, monitoring and automatic damage identification, destructive and non-destructive testing, bio, nano and new materials, disaster risk reduction and emergency management. As such the book represents an invaluable, up-to-the-minute tool, and offers an important platform to engineers and architects.
Testing and Inspection Using Acceptance Sampling Plans
by Muhammad Aslam Mir Masoom AliThis book introduces a number of new sampling plans, such as time truncated life tests, skip sampling plans, resubmitted plans, mixed sampling plans, sampling plans based on the process capability index and plans for big data, which can be used for testing and inspecting products, from the raw-materials stage to the final product, in every industry using statistical process control techniques. It also presents the statistical theory, methodology and applications of acceptance sampling from truncated life tests. Further, it discusses the latest reliability, quality and risk analysis methods based on acceptance sampling from truncated life, which engineering and statisticians require in order to make decisions, and which are also useful for researchers in the areas of quality control, lifetime analysis, censored data analysis, goodness-of-fit and statistical software applications. In its nine chapters, the book addresses a wide range of testing/inspection sampling schemes for discrete and continuous data collected in various production processes. It includes a chapter on sampling plans for big data and offers several illustrative examples of the procedures presented. Requiring a basic knowledge of probability distributions, inference and estimation, and lifetime and quality analysis, it is a valuable resource for graduate and senior undergraduate engineering students, and practicing engineers, more specifically it is useful for quality engineers, reliability engineers, consultants, black belts, master black belts, students and researchers interested in applying reliability and risk and quality methods.
Testing and Inspection of Offshore and Marine Lifting Appliances: Class Requirements for Certification (Springer Series on Naval Architecture, Marine Engineering, Shipbuilding and Shipping #24)
by Alexander Arnfinn Olsen Richard Rossi CiampoliniThis book introduces details of inspection criteria and inspection techniques, which are widely recognized by the marine construction industry as a reliable means of inspection of structure members and their welds during the construction of surface vessels and other related marine and offshore structures. This text incorporates the criteria for phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT). Since 2016, PAUT has become a common non-destructive testing method in use in shipyards for marine and offshore structures across the world, as it provides quicker examination than conventional UT technique for complex geometries. Moreover, this book includes guidance for time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) ultrasonic inspection. The TOFD ultrasonic examination technique provides improved detection and sizing capabilities of discontinuities compared to standard ultrasonic pulse-echo techniques. Both PAUT and TOFD produce a permanent record of the inspection in electronic format.
Testing and Measurement: Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Testing and Measurement Techniques (TMTA 2015), 16-17 January 2015, Phuket Island, Thailand
by Kennis ChanTesting and Measurement: Techniques and Applications is divided into 6 sections: Microwave, Ultrasonic and Acoustic Measurement and Application; Material Performance and Measuring and Testing Technique; Laser, Optics Fiber and Sensor; Industrial Autoimmunization and Measurement; Artificial Intelligence and Application; and Image, Signal and In
Testing and Modeling of Cellular Materials
by Derek G Spear Anthony N PalazottoTesting and Modeling of Cellular Materials discusses the characterization of cellular lattices through quasi-static and dynamic testing for use in light-weighting or energy-absorbing applications. Covering cellular materials, specifically additively manufactured lattices, this book further progresses into dynamic testing and modeling techniques for computational simulations. It presents modeling and simulation techniques used for cellular materials and evaluates them against experimental results to illustrate the material response under various conditions. The book also includes a case study of high-velocity impact that highlights the high strain rate effects on the cellular lattices. Features: • Covers different testing techniques used in quasi-static and dynamic material characterization of cellular materials. • Discusses additive manufacturing techniques for lattice specimen fabrication. • Analyzes different finite element modeling techniques for quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions. • Presents a comparison and development of a phenomenological material model for use in computational analysis at various loading rates. • Explores impact stress wave analysis under high-velocity loading. The book will be useful for researchers and engineers working in the field of materials modeling and mechanics of materials.
Testing for Small-Delay Defects in Nanoscale CMOS Integrated Circuits (Devices, Circuits, and Systems #19)
by Krishnendu Chakrabarty Sandeep GoelAdvances in design methods and process technologies have resulted in a continuous increase in the complexity of integrated circuits (ICs). However, the increased complexity and nanometer-size features of modern ICs make them susceptible to manufacturing defects, as well as performance and quality issues. Testing for Small-Delay Defects in Nanoscale CMOS Integrated Circuits covers common problems in areas such as process variations, power supply noise, crosstalk, resistive opens/bridges, and design-for-manufacturing (DfM)-related rule violations. The book also addresses testing for small-delay defects (SDDs), which can cause immediate timing failures on both critical and non-critical paths in the circuit. Overviews semiconductor industry test challenges and the need for SDD testing, including basic concepts and introductory material Describes algorithmic solutions incorporated in commercial tools from Mentor Graphics Reviews SDD testing based on "alternative methods" that explores new metrics, top-off ATPG, and circuit topology-based solutions Highlights the advantages and disadvantages of a diverse set of metrics, and identifies scope for improvement Written from the triple viewpoint of university researchers, EDA tool developers, and chip designers and tool users, this book is the first of its kind to address all aspects of SDD testing from such a diverse perspective. The book is designed as a one-stop reference for current industrial practices, research challenges in the domain of SDD testing, and recent developments in SDD solutions.
Testing of Body Armor Materials: Phase 3
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesThis report is the final volume of a three-phase study commissioned by the Director of Operational Test and Evaluation (DOT&E) of the Department of Defense (DoD) to assist in addressing shortcomings that had been reported by the Government Accountability Office (GAO) and the DoD Inspector General in DoD’s body armor testing process. Independent committees were empanelled for the three study phases. Each committee produced an independent report, although this final Phase III report builds on the results of the letter reports delivered in Phases I and II, both of which provided findings and recommendations on key issues that required near-term resolution by DOT&E. The study was conducted under the auspices of the National Research Council (NRC) Board on Army Science and Technology (BAST) and Committee on National Statistics.
Testing of Concrete in Structures: Fourth Edition
by Michael G. Grantham John H. BungeyThis classic reference has been thoroughly updated and is ideal for the non-specialist civil engineer involved in the assessment, repair or maintenance of concrete structures. Topics have been expanded to reflect significant advances in the field, including integrity assessment, sub-surface radar, corrosion assessment and localized dynamic response tests. It also covers new trends in equipment and procedures, such as in automated test methods and developments in digital technology and emphasizes performance monitoring, and includes new and updated references to standards.
Testing of Construction Materials
by Bahurudeen A P.V.P. MoorthiThis book provides an understanding of peer-reviewed international construction materials and their testing methods in a simplified manner at a high technical level. It focuses on specific construction materials, such as cement, concrete, bricks, lime, paints, steel and so forth, distributed in ten different chapters. Using real-time quality control as the underlying determinant, the book material exclusively follows Indian, American, European, German and South African standards. Relevant modern sophisticated material testing techniques, like scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD), are also described. Aimed at undergraduate, senior undergraduate and early career professionals in civil engineering and construction engineering, this book Gives a clear background of material testing and its importance Includes step-by-step procedures for easy understanding of and for performing the tests Covers Indian, ASTM, South African, DIN German and European Standards Includes basic and advanced techniques for chemical admixtures Each chapter concludes with practice questions, including 400+ solved questions and 50+ test procedures in total
Testing of Defense Systems in an Evolutionary Acquisition Environment
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesThe National Academies Press (NAP)--publisher for the National Academies--publishes more than 200 books a year offering the most authoritative views, definitive information, and groundbreaking recommendations on a wide range of topics in science, engineering, and health. Our books are unique in that they are authored by the nation's leading experts in every scientific field.
Testing of Materials for Fire Protection Needs: European Standard Test Methods for the Building Sector (The Society of Fire Protection Engineers Series)
by Linda Makovická Osvaldová Widya FatriasariThis book offers an overview of European testing methods for fire protection materials.Used in a broad range of applications, these materials are designed to ensure that fires do not occur, or that their effects are combated to the greatest extent possible. The book deals with methods not only for the construction industry but also, for example, for furniture / interior furnishings, plastics, and clothing, including special-purpose clothing for firefighters and rescuers, explosive mixtures, the intensity of smoke, etc. This comprehensive book examines standardized testing methods, while also assessing large-scale tests and specialized non-standardized tests and providing information on various materials and their behavior when exposed to flame.
Testing of Metals for Structures: Proceedings of the International RILEM Workshop
by F. M. MazzolaniThere is a pressing need for rationalization and standardization of test procedures for metals for use in all types of structure. This book brings together the latest international research developments, presented at a RILEM workshop held in Naples in May 1990.
Testing of Textile and Fibrous Materials
by Apurba DasThis book contains detailed knowledge about testing principles of fibre, yarn, and fabric characteristics, the tensile characteristics of materials and testing of fibrous-composites and technical textiles. It starts with an introduction to textile testing and further covers moisture in relation to textile materials, sampling techniques for textile materials and the basic applied statistics, fibre characteristics, fibre length, cotton fibre fineness and maturity characteristics. It also deals with the advanced characterisation of cotton fibre by using HVI and AFIS systems.Features: It covers the principles of the testing of textile and fibrous materials along with modern techniques for testing textile materials It reviews all necessary topics related to fibre, yarn, fabric, technical textiles, and composite testing It explores the tensile characteristics of textile materials and measurement principles It discusses low-stress mechanical characteristics and transmission characteristics It includes a large number of examples and exercises based on actual industrial conditions worldwide including solutions This textbook is aimed at senior undergraduate students in textile testing and evaluation of textile materials.
Tetrahedrally Bonded Amorphous Carbon Films I
by Bernd SchultrichThis book presents the status quo of the structure, preparation, properties and applications of tetrahedrally bonded amorphous carbon (ta-C) films and compares them with related film systems. Tetrahedrally bonded amorphous carbon films (ta-C) combine some of the outstanding properties of diamond with the versatility of amorphous materials. The book compares experimental results with the predictions of theoretical analyses, condensing them to practicable rules. It is strictly application oriented, emphasizing the exceptional potential of ta-C for tribological coatings of tools and components.
Teucrium Species: Biology and Applications
by Milan StankovićTeucrium species are an intersting object of research in the various aspects of science with multiple applications. With more than 300 species, Teucrium is one of the largest and well distributed genera of the Lamiaceae family. Known medicinal Teucrium species have a long traditional use as well as different potential applications in pharmacy, food and beverage industry. Teucrium species are very rich in a variety of secondary metabolites with significant biological activities. Based on that, the book contains 15 chapters which discusses recent advances in exploring the unique features of Teucrium species including morphology, systematics, taxonomy, biogeography, ethnobotany, phytochemistry, biological activity such as genotoxic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, anticholinesterase, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activity of secondary metabolites as well as applications including current challenges and further perspectives. Some medicinal Teucrium species in excessive use can cause certain consequences. This phenomenon and precaution is also described. Whilst this book is primarily aimed at scientists, researchers, beginners in the investigations of Teucrium species, graduate and post-graduate students in biology, botany, biotechnology, agriculture, and pharmacy, as well as science enthusiasts and practitioners involved in medicinal plants applications. Book provides complete Teucrium species list, color photographs of selected Teucrium species on natural habitats, as well as up-to-date bibliography related to Teucrium genus.
Tex Johnston
by A. M. JohnstonOne of America's most daring and accomplished test pilots, Tex Johnston flew the first US jet airplanes and, in a career spanning the 1930s through the 1970s, helped create the jet age at such pioneering aersospace companies as Bell Aircraft and Boeing.
Texas Ingenuity: Lone Star Inventions, Inventors & Innovators
by Alan C. ElliottImagination is bigger in Texas, too. This collection of inspiring and often quirky stories highlights dozens of examples of innovation from Lone Star history. The Hamill brothers devised a better oil well to reach gushers at Spindletop. The first Neiman-Marcus store opened in Dallas in 1907, revolutionizing the retail fashion world. Astroturf emerged at the Astrodome in 1966. Fritos and corn dogs are just two ubiquitous snack foods claimed as Texan originals. Houston native, and civil rights activist, Congresswoman Barbara Jordan rose to national prominence as a voice of unity during the Watergate scandal. Author Alan C. Elliott details these and many more lessons in success in Texas Ingenuity.
Texas Shipwrecks (Images of America)
by Mark LardasThe Texas coastline and offshore waters are flat, shallow, featureless, and filled with shoals. Texas waters are subjected to extreme weather, not just hurricanes and tropical storms but also northers and seasonal gales. This, combined with two centuries of naval warfare off Texas waters, produced many shipwrecks of all sorts, from Spanish treasure fleets to simple working boats. The ships of pirates, navies, cotton traders, immigrants, fishermen, and oil shippers line the Texas coast, cover the sea bottom off Texas, and blanket the bottom of Texas rivers. Each wreck has a story, romantic or repellent, prosaic or unusual, but all intriguing.
Texas Takes Wing: A Century of Flight in the Lone Star State (Bridwell Texas History Series)
by Barbara GansonA history of aviation in Texas that &“brilliantly demonstrates the evolution of flight technology as a harbinger of social change&” (Technology and Culture). In this book, pilot and historian Barbara Ganson brings to life the colorful personalities that shaped the phenomenally successful development of the aviation industry in the Lone Star state. Weaving stories and profiles of aviators, designers, manufacturers, and those in related services, Texas Takes Wing covers the major trends that propelled Texas to the forefront of the field. Covering institutions from San Antonio&’s Randolph Air Force Base (the West Point of this branch of service) to Brownsville&’s airport with its Pan American Airlines instrument flight school (which served as an international gateway to Latin America as early as the 1920s) to Houston&’s Johnson Space Center, home of Mission Control for the US space program, the book provides an exhilarating timeline and engaging history of dozens of unsung pioneers as well as their more widely celebrated peers. Drawn from personal interviews as well as major archives and the collections of several commercial airlines, including American, Southwest, Braniff, Pan American Airways, and Continental, this sweeping history captures the story of powered flight in Texas since 1910. With its generally favorable flying weather, flat terrain, and wide-open spaces, Texas has more airports than any other state and is often considered one of America&’s most aviation-friendly places. Texas Takes Wing also explores the men and women who made the region pivotal in military training, aircraft manufacturing during wartime, general aviation, and air servicing of the agricultural industry. The result is a soaring history that will delight aviators and passengers alike. Includes photos
Text Comprehension And Learning
by Wolfgang Schnotz Bernadette Van Hout-WoltersThis book deals with the significance of different text structures and its cognitive processing in learning from texts. It discusses the effect of learning abilities and attitudes for learning from texts, and focuses on the significance of processing and learning strategies for text comprehension.
Text Messaging and Literacy – The Evidence
by Clare Wood Nenagh Kemp Beverly Plester"Well thought out and timely. This is the leading group in the world working on texting and literacy, and they have a strong track record of publications. It would also be the first book, as they say, to deal with the subject at an academic level. The focus on education is important, as this is where most of the anxieties lie. It will be a major step forward in creating a new climate." Professor David Crystal, author of The Cambridge Encyclopaedia of Language and The Cambridge Encyclopaedia of the English Language, Television consultant and presenter As children are given mobile phones at increasingly younger ages, there is considerable media coverage of claims that mobile phones, and text messaging in particular, are responsible for declining levels of literacy in children and young people. Such claims are often adopted wholesale by teachers and parents, despite the fact that there is an empirical literature which has failed to find a basis to these claims, and to the contrary has found that text messaging is supporting children’s literacy skills. Written by leading international researchers Text Messaging and Literacy presents an overview and discussion of the academic evidence for and against use of text messaging and mobile phones in supporting literate activity and discusses what conclusions we can and should draw about the impact of mobile phones, and their potential role in education. Areas covered include: the rise of texting and media reactions; children’s reading, spelling and texting; text messaging of children with language difficulties; using mobile phones for literacy development; texting and literacy skills in adolescents and adults; spelling and grammar in texting and beyond; the future of texting. In challenging existing assumptions the authors present the cutting edge of international research, highlighting their own studies involving children of all ages, adolescents and adults. This ground breaking book is essential reading for both researchers and students in education, educational psychology, literacy and new media and it’s impact on learning.
Text Mining: Concepts, Implementation, and Big Data Challenge (Studies in Big Data #45)
by Taeho JoThis book discusses text mining and different ways this type of data mining can be used to find implicit knowledge from text collections. The author provides the guidelines for implementing text mining systems in Java, as well as concepts and approaches. The book starts by providing detailed text preprocessing techniques and then goes on to provide concepts, the techniques, the implementation, and the evaluation of text categorization. It then goes into more advanced topics including text summarization, text segmentation, topic mapping, and automatic text management.