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Submerged Rice: Morphological, Molecular and Genetic Analyses
by Pranab BasuchaudhuriWater stagnation and submergence are major factors in rice growing. Water stagnation and submergence happen as a result of excessive rainfall or flash floods. The duration of submergence can last several weeks, and the level of water may be as high as 100 cm. This impacts rice yields. This book analyzes different aspects, viz., morphology, physiology, biochemistry and genetics, and reviews the suitability of different varieties for better sustainability and reduction of yield loss. It also reviews the different types of floods, and studies biological changes in indigenous and recently developed rice varieties. There are seven chapters: Introduction, History of floods, Diversity of submergence, Adoptive morphology, Physiological aspects, Molecular and genetic aspects, and Yield and yield-gaps. It is comprehensive with scientific dogma, findings and reasonings for students at universities and researchers.
Submicron Porous Materials
by Paolo BettottiThis book covers the latest research on porous materials at the submicron scale and inspires readers to better understand the porosity of materials, as well as to develop innovative new materials. A comprehensive range of materials are covered, including carbon-based and organic-based porous materials, porous anodic alumina, silica, and titania-based sol-gel materials. The fabrication, characterization, and applications of these materials are all explored, with applications ranging from sensors, thermoelectrics, catalysis, energy storage, to photovoltaics. Also of practical use for readers are chapters that describe the basics of porous silicon fabrication and its use in optical sensing and drug delivery applications; how thermal transport is affected in porous materials; how to model diffusion in porous materials; and a unique chapter on an innovative spectroscopic technique used to characterize materials' porosity. This is an ideal book for graduate students, researchers, and professionals who work with porous materials.
Suborbital
by Erik SeedhouseThe nascent commercial suborbital spaceflight industry will soon open the space frontier to commercial astronauts, payload specialists, scientists and of course, tourists. This book describes the tantalizing science opportunities to be offered when suborbital trips become routine within the next 12 to 18 months. It describes the difference in training and qualification necessary to become either a spaceflight participant or a fully-fledged commercial suborbital astronaut and it describes the vehicles this new class of astronauts will use. Anticipation is on the rise for the new crop of commercial suborbital spaceships that will serve the scientific and educational market. These reusable rocket-propelled vehicles are expected to offer quick, routine and affordable access to the edge of space along with the capability to carry research and educational crew members. Yet to be demonstrated is the hoped-for flight rates of suborbital vehicles. Quick turnaround of these craft is central to realizing the profit-making potential of repeated sojourns to suborbital heights. As this book outlines, vehicle builders still face rigorous shake-out schedules, flight safety hurdles as well as extensive trial-runs of their respective craft before suborbital space jaunts become commonplace. The book examines some of these 'cash and carry' suborbital craft under development by such groups as Blue Origin, Masten Space Systems, Virgin Galactic and XCOR Aerospace and describes the hurdles the space industry is quickly overcoming en-route to the industry developing into a profitable economic entity. Seedhouse also explains how the commercial suborbital spaceflight industry is planning and preparing for the challenges of marketing and financing and how it is marketing the hiring of astronauts. It examines the role of commercial operators as enablers accessing the suborbital frontier and how a partnership with governments and the private sector will eventually permanently integrate the free market's innovation of commercial suborbital space activities.
Subpixel Mapping for Remote Sensing Images
by Peng Wang Lei ZhangSubpixel mapping is a technology that generates a fine resolution land cover map from coarse resolution fractional images by predicting the spatial locations of different land cover classes at the subpixel scale. This book provides readers with a complete overview of subpixel image processing methods, basic principles, and different subpixel mapping techniques based on single or multi-shift remote sensing images. Step-by-step procedures, experimental contents, and result analyses are explained clearly at the end of each chapter. Real-life applications are a great resource for understanding how and where to use subpixel mapping when dealing with different remote sensing imaging data. This book will be of interest to undergraduate and graduate students, majoring in remote sensing, surveying, mapping, and signal and information processing in universities and colleges, and it can also be used by professionals and researchers at different levels in related fields.
Subscribed: Why the Subscription Model Will Be Your Company's Future - and What to Do About It
by Tien Tzuo Gabe WeisertCompanies like Netflix, Spotify, and Salesforce are just the tip of the iceberg for the subscription model. The real transformation--and the real opportunity--is just beginning.Subscription companies are growing nine times faster than the S&P 500. Why? Because unlike product companies, subscription companies know their customers. A happy subscriber base is the ultimate economic moat. Today's consumers prefer the advantages of access over the hassles of maintenance, from transportation (Uber, Surf Air), to clothing (Stitch Fix, Eleven James), to razor blades and makeup (Dollar Shave Club, Birchbox). Companies are similarly demanding easier, long-term solutions, trading their server rooms for cloud storage solutions like Box. Simply put, the world is shifting from products to services.But how do you turn customers into subscribers? As the CEO of the world's largest subscription management platform, Tien Tzuo has helped hundreds of companies transition from relying on individual sales to building customer-centric, recurring-revenue businesses. His core message in Subscribed is simple: Ready or not, excited or terrified, you need to adapt to the Subscription Economy -- or risk being left behind.Tzuo shows how to use subscriptions to build lucrative, ongoing one-on-one relationships with your customers. This may require reinventing substantial parts of your company, from your accounting practices to your entire IT architecture, but the payoff can be enormous. Just look at the case studies: * Adobe transitions from selling enterprise software licenses to offering cloud-based solutions for a flat monthly fee, and quadruples its valuation. * Fender evolves from selling guitars one at a time to creating lifelong musicians by teaching beginners to play, and keeping them inspired for life. * Caterpillar uses subscriptions to help solve problems -- it's not about how many tractors you can rent, but how much dirt you need to move. In Subscribed, you'll learn how these companies made the shift, and how you can transform your own product into a valuable service with a practical, step-by-step framework. Find out how how you can prepare and prosper now, rather than trying to catch up later.
Subsea Pipeline Systems: Building and Classification (Synthesis Lectures on Ocean Systems Engineering)
by Alexander Arnfinn OlsenThis book is a comprehensive guide to the classification, design, construction, and maintenance of subsea pipeline systems. It provides an in-depth exploration of offshore pipeline architecture, serviceability, and the rigorous standards required for certification and verification. The chapters cover critical topics such as risk evaluations for novel features, survey and inspection regimes, materials and welding specifications, geotechnical and environmental conditions, flow assurance analysis, strength and stability criteria, and special considerations for pipe-in-pipe designs. Readers will also discover detailed discussions on pipeline rectification, intervention design, routing, installation procedures, testing protocols, and maintenance strategies. This book is an indispensable resource for anyone involved in the offshore oil and gas industry. Engineers, architects, and safety management professionals will find this book particularly valuable. It serves as both a reference for academics and students in industrial design and engineering fields and as a textbook for marine architecture courses. Whether you are overseeing the design of new pipelines or ensuring the integrity of existing ones, this guide offers the latest research and practical insights to help you navigate the complexities of subsea pipeline systems.
Subsecond Annealing of Advanced Materials
by Wolfgang Skorupa Heidemarie SchmidtThe thermal processing of materials ranges from few fem to seconds by Swift Heavy Ion Implantation to about one second using advanced Rapid Thermal Annealing. This book offers after an historical excursus selected contributions on fundamental and applied aspects of thermal processing of classical elemental semiconductors and other advanced materials including nanostructures with novel optoelectronic, magnetic, and superconducting properties. Special emphasis is given on the diffusion and segregation of impurity atoms during thermal treatment. A broad range of examples describes the solid phase and/or liquid phase processing of elemental and compound semiconductors, dielectric composites and organic materials.
Subsistence Agriculture in the US: Reconnecting to Work, Nature and Community (Routledge-SCORAI Studies in Sustainable Consumption)
by Ashley ColbyFocusing on ethnography and interviews with subsistence food producers, this book explores the resilience, innovation and creativity taking place in subsistence agriculture in America. To date, researchers interested in alternative food networks have often overlooked the somewhat hidden, unorganized population of household food producers. Subsistence Agriculture in the US fills this gap in the existing literature by examining the lived experiences of people taking part in subsistence food production. Over the course of the book, Colby draws on accounts from a broad and diverse network of people who are hunting, fishing, gardening, keeping livestock and gathering and looks in depth at the way in which these practical actions have transformed their relationship to labor and land. She also explores the broader implications of this pro-environmental activity for social change and sustainable futures. With a combination of rigorous academic investigation and engagement with pressing social issues, this book will be of great interest to scholars of sustainable consumption, environmental sociology and social movements.
Subsmash: The Mysterious Disappearance of HM Submarine Affray
by Alan GallopIn April 1951, the disappearance of HM submarine Affray knocked news of the Korean War and Festival of Britain from the front pages. Affray had put to sea on a routine peacetime simulated war patrol in the English Channel. She radioed her last position at 2115hrs on 16 April, 30 miles south of the Isle of Wight - preparing to dive. This was the last signal ever received from the submarine. After months of searching, divers eventually discovered Affray resting upright on the sea bottom with no obvious signs of damage to her hull. Hatches were closed tight and emergency buoys were still in their casings. It was obvious that whatever had caused Affray to sink, and had ended the lives of all those on board, had occurred quickly. Sixty years later, in this compelling maritime investigation, Alan Gallop uses previously top secret documents, interviews with experts and contemporary news sources to explore how and why Affray became the last British submarine lost at sea - and possibly the greatest maritime mystery since the Marie Celeste.
Subsoil Constraints for Crop Production
by Teogenes Senna de Oliveira Richard Willian BellThis book will address the major subsoil physical and chemical constraints and their implications to crop production; Plant growth is often restricted by adverse physical and chemical properties of subsoils yet these limitations are not revealed by testing surface soils and hence their significance in crop management is often overlooked. The major constraints can be physical or chemical. Physical limitations such as poor/nil subsoil structure, sandy subsoils that do not provide adequate water or gravelly subsoils and, etc. On the other hand, chemical constraints include acidity/alkalinity, high extractable Al or Mn, low nutrient availability, salts, boron toxicity and pyritic subsoils. Some of these constraints are inherent properties of the soil profile while others are induced by crop and soil management practices. This aim of this book is to define the constraints and discuss amelioration practices and benefits for crop production. This book will be of interest to readers involved with agriculture and soil sciences in laboratory, applied or classroom settings.
Subsoil Monitoring at Nuclear Industry Enterprises: Foundations and Case Studies (SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science)
by Mark Glinsky Vladimir Vetrov Alexander Abramov Leonid ChertkovThis book is the first comprehensive review of the subsurface monitoring theory and practice. It presents all aspects of a subsurface monitoring system SM-NI to be organized in impacted areas of nuclear industry enterprises. The content of the book covers the whole set of the SM-NI projecting and implementation issues – from the theoretical and regulatory framework, through the description of the sources of impact on geological environment to examples of use the SM-NI to solve environmental problems on the main types of environmentally significant nuclear industry enterprises. Development of the SM-NI was based on long-term research studies including modeling of pollutants transport in the geological environment.The book is intended for a wide range of nuclear industry employees and specialists in environment protection and radiation safety of nuclear industry enterprises. It might be useful for ecologists, students and postgraduates concerned about environment protection in the field of nuclear technology
Subsonic Combustion Ramjet Design (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Antonella IngenitoThis book presents a step-by-step methodology for the design of ramjet engines. It explores ramjet combustion, provides guidelines on how to size the engines, and discusses performance analysis. The book begins with an introduction to ramjet design, including fundamental definitions in the field. It then discusses ramjet engine performance, and fuels which can be used. Several types of ramjet engines are then explored, and guidelines for their design are presented, including flame holders, injectors, and combustors. Finally, the book concludes with a discussion of the types of materials which should be used for ramjet engines. This book is of interest to engine designers and engineers, researchers, and graduate students, as it collates research in a succinct, clear guide to the issue of designing ramjet engines.
Subspace Learning of Neural Networks (Automation and Control Engineering)
by Jian Cheng Lv Zhang Yi Jiliu ZhouUsing real-life examples to illustrate the performance of learning algorithms and instructing readers how to apply them to practical applications, this work offers a comprehensive treatment of subspace learning algorithms for neural networks. The authors summarize a decade of high quality research offering a host of practical applications. They demonstrate ways to extend the use of algorithms to fields such as encryption communication, data mining, computer vision, and signal and image processing to name just a few. The brilliance of the work lies with how it coherently builds a theoretical understanding of the convergence behavior of subspace learning algorithms through a summary of chaotic behaviors.
Substance Abuse in the Workplace
by Reginald Campbell R. Everett LangfordSubstance Abuse in the Workplace makes a valuable contribution to the national movement to help stem the tide of drug abuse. The book begins with the history of substance abuse, continues with a discussion of how the human body functions normally or under the influence of chemicals, and follows with a toxicological description of the more common ch
Substations (CIGRE Green Books)
by John Finn Terry KriegThis handbook offers the whole knowledge of high voltage substations from their design and construction to the maintenance and the ongoing management, the entire asset life-cycle. The content of the book covers a range of substation topologies: Air-Insulated, Gas-Insulated and Mixed Technology Switchgear Substations together with the essential secondary systems. Additionally specialized substations such as ultra high voltage (UHV), offshore substations for wind power plants and the use of gas insulated lines are included.The book includes topics, providing information for increased reliability and availability, asset management, environmental management aspects, and the adoption of appropriate technological advances in equipment and systems in substations.The book was written by more than 30 experts from around the world and assembled through the Cigré study committee on Substations. This guarantees that the book contains information that is based on the global exchange and dissemination of unbiased information for technical and non-technical audiences.Although there are other works containing references to Substations, this book is designed to provide a complete overview of the topic in one book, providing a valuable reference for anyone interested in the topic.
Substitutes for Hazardous Chemicals in the Workplace
by Gitte GoldschmidtThe only way to completely eliminate the health effects associated with hazardous materials is to eliminate the material. How and when should dangerous chemical products be replaced with safer products? Substitutes for Hazardous Chemicals in the Workplace answers this question and others.
Substitution and Tiling Dynamics: CIRM Jean-Morlet Chair, Fall 2017 (Lecture Notes in Mathematics #2273)
by Shigeki Akiyama Pierre ArnouxThis book presents a panorama of recent developments in the theory of tilings and related dynamical systems. It contains an expanded version of courses given in 2017 at the research school associated with the Jean-Morlet chair program.Tilings have been designed, used and studied for centuries in various contexts. This field grew significantly after the discovery of aperiodic self-similar tilings in the 60s, linked to the proof of the undecidability of the Domino problem, and was driven futher by Dan Shechtman's discovery of quasicrystals in 1984. Tiling problems establish a bridge between the mutually influential fields of geometry, dynamical systems, aperiodic order, computer science, number theory, algebra and logic. The main properties of tiling dynamical systems are covered, with expositions on recent results in self-similarity (and its generalizations, fusions rules and S-adic systems), algebraic developments connected to physics, games and undecidability questions, and the spectrum of substitution tilings.
Substrat- und Textilbeschichtung: Praxiswissen für Beschichtungs- und Kaschiertechnologien (VDI-Buch)
by Andreas GiessmannDas Buch liefert einen Überblick über Verfahren und Technologien der Beschichtungs- und Kaschierindustrie, die insbesondere bei der Herstellung technischer Textilien zum Einsatz kommen. Der Autor behandelt unterschiedliche Substrate und Beschichtungsmassen, die Verfahrenstechnik sowie Anlagen und Anlagenkomponenten. In der 2. Auflage werden neue, verbesserte Trocknungssysteme sowie die Beschichtung medizinischer Produkte beschrieben. Ferner wurde die aktuelle Auflage um ein Kapitel zur Anwendung von Plastisolen und Additiven ergänzt.
Substrat- und Textilbeschichtung
by Andreas GiessmannDas Buch liefert einen Überblick über Verfahren und Technologien der Beschichtungs- und Kaschierindustrie, die insbesondere bei der Herstellung technischer Textilien zum Einsatz kommen. Der Autor behandelt unterschiedliche Substrate und Beschichtungsmassen, die Verfahrenstechnik sowie Anlagen und Anlagenkomponenten. In der 2. Auflage werden neue, verbesserte Trocknungssysteme sowie die Beschichtung medizinischer Produkte beschrieben. Ferner wurde die aktuelle Auflage um ein Kapitel zur Anwendung von Plastisolen und Additiven ergänzt.
Substrate Analysis for Effective Biofuels Production (Clean Energy Production Technologies)
by P. K. Mishra Vijai Kumar Gupta Neha Srivastava Manish SrivastavaAs a substrate, cellulose plays a crucial role in the biomass-based biofuel production process, and is essential to enzyme and sugar production. Accordingly, ensuring maximum availability of cellulose for enzyme production and bioconversion for sugar generation is one of the major challenges for sustainable biofuels production. To date there has been extensive research on biofuel production using lignocellulosic biomass, but there is a huge gap when it comes to the critical analysis of cellulose content, structural feasibility, availability, and economic processing, so that it can be converted for enzyme and fuel production at low cost.Consequently, this book discusses the availability of lignocellulosic substrate for biofuel production in light of the challenges that the biofuels industry is currently facing. After identifying the major substrate selection challenges for the practical biofuel production process, the book addresses said challenges by focusing on various issues such as: potential substrates that have high cellulosic content, structural feasibility, and low-cost & effective processing to remedy the structural complexity of biomass structure and create added value. In addition, it covers recent advancements in cellulase production and outlines future prospects.Given its scope, it offers a valuable guide for research students and industry practitioners alike.
Substrate Integrated Antennas and Arrays
by Yu Jian ChengSubstrate Integrated Antennas and Arrays provides a single source for cutting-edge information on substrate integrated circuits (SICs), substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) feeding networks, SIW slot array antennas, SIC traveling-wave antennas, SIW feeding antennas, SIW monopulse antennas, and SIW multibeam antennas. Inspired by the author’s extensive research, this comprehensive book: Describes a revolutionary SIC-based antenna technique with the potential to replace existing antenna technologies Examines theoretical and experimental results connected to electrical and mechanical performance Explains how to overcome difficulties in meeting bandwidth, gain, and efficiency specifications Substrate Integrated Antennas and Arrays offers valuable insight into the state of the art of SIC and SIW antenna technologies, presenting research useful to the development of wireless communication base station antennas, portable microwave point-to-point systems, collision avoidance radars, conformal antennas, and satellite antennas.
Substrate-Integrated Millimeter-Wave Antennas for Next-Generation Communication and Radar Systems (IEEE Press Series on Electromagnetic Wave Theory)
by Zhi Ning ChenSubstrate-Integrated Millimeter-Wave Antennas for Next-Generation Communication and Radar Systems The first and only comprehensive text on substrate-integrated mmW antenna technology, state-of-the-art antenna design, and emerging wireless applicationsSubstrate-Integrated Millimeter-Wave Antennas for Next-Generation Communication and Radar Systems elaborates the most important topics related to revolutionary millimeter-wave (mmW) technology. Following a clear description of fundamental concepts including substrate-integrated waveguides and loss analysis, the text treats key design methods, prototyping techniques, and experimental setup and testing. The authors also highlight applications of mmW antennas in 5G wireless communication and next-generation radar systems. Readers are prepared to put techniques into practice through practical discussions of how to set up testing for impedance matching, radiation patterns, gain from 24GHz up to 325 GHz, and more.This book will bring readers state-of-the-art designs and recent progress in substrate-integrated mmW antennas for emerging wireless applications. Substrate-Integrated Millimeter-Wave Antennas for Next-Generation Communication and Radar Systems is the first comprehensive text on the topic, allowing readers to quickly master mmW technology. This book:Introduces basic concepts such as metamaterials Huygens’s surface, zero-index structures, and pattern synthesisDescribes prototyping in the form of fabrication based on printed-circuit-board, low-temperature-co-fired-ceramic and micromachiningExplores applications for next-generation radar and imaging systems such as 24-GHz and 77-GHz vehicular radar systemsElaborates design methods including waveguide-based feeding network, three-dimensional feeding structure, dielectric loaded aperture antenna element, and low-sidelobe synthesisThe mmW is one of today’s most important emerging technologies. This book provides graduate students, researchers, and engineers with the knowledge they need to deploy mmW systems and develop new antenna designs with low cost, low loss, and low complexity.
Substrate Integrated Suspended Line Antenna and Arrays (Modern Antenna)
by Kaixue Ma Ningning Yan Yu LuoThis book delves deeply into the substrate integrated suspended line antenna technologies and evaluates its potential to replace conventional three-dimensional (3D) metal-based antennas. Over the years, studies on substrate integrated suspended line antennas have captivated engineers and scientists from the antennas and related engineering fields, all aiming to achieve low-cost and low-loss characteristics. The book establishes a fundamental framework for this topic, while emphasizing the importance of substrate integrated suspended line antennas in the wireless communication and radar systems. It is designed for undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in antenna technology, researchers investigating substrate integrated technology, and antenna engineers working on low-cost and low-loss antennas and arrays.
Substructuring in Engineering Dynamics: Emerging Numerical and Experimental Techniques (CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences #594)
by Matthew S. Allen Daniel Rixen Maarten van der Seijs Paolo Tiso Thomas Abrahamsson Randall L. MayesThis book reviews the most common state-of-the art methods for substructuring and model reduction and presents a framework that encompasses most method, highlighting their similarities and differences. For example, popular methods such as Component Mode Synthesis, Hurty/Craig-Bampton, and the Rubin methods, which are popular within finite element software, are reviewed. Similarly, experimental-to-analytical substructuring methods such as impedance/frequency response based substructuring, modal substructuring and the transmission simulator method are presented. The overarching mathematical concepts are reviewed, as well as practical details needed to implement the methods. Various examples are presented to elucidate the methods, ranging from academic examples such as spring-mass systems, which serve to clarify the concepts, to real industrial case studies involving automotive and aerospace structures. The wealth of examples presented reveal both the potential and limitations of the methods.
Substructuring Method for Civil Structural Health Monitoring (Engineering Applications of Computational Methods #15)
by Shun Weng Hongping Zhu Yong XiaThis book investigates the substructuring technology in structural health monitoring (SHM) to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the present SHM methods. SHM has been developed for monitoring, evaluation, and maintenance of civil structures. As the civil structures are usually large scale and a large number of sensors are deployed on a structure, accurate evaluation and maintenance of civil structures are always time-consuming. The book establishes a fundamental framework of substructuring method for the fast analysis of finite element (FE) model and monitoring data. Several practical civil structures are used for illustration. The book is intended for undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in SHM technology, researchers investigating the accurate, efficient, and effective methods in SHM field, and engineers working on evaluation and maintenance of civil structures or other structural dynamics applications.