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Time Optimal Control of Evolution Equations (Progress in Nonlinear Differential Equations and Their Applications #92)
by Gengsheng Wang Yashan Xu Lijuan Wang Yubiao ZhangThis monograph develops a framework for time-optimal control problems, focusing on minimal and maximal time-optimal controls for linear-controlled evolution equations. Its use in optimal control provides a welcome update to Fattorini’s work on time-optimal and norm-optimal control problems. By discussing the best way of representing various control problems and equivalence among them, this systematic study gives readers the tools they need to solve practical problems in control. After introducing preliminaries in functional analysis, evolution equations, and controllability and observability estimates, the authors present their time-optimal control framework, which consists of four elements: a controlled system, a control constraint set, a starting set, and an ending set. From there, they use their framework to address areas of recent development in time-optimal control, including the existence of admissible controls and optimal controls, Pontryagin’s maximum principle for optimal controls, the equivalence of different optimal control problems, and bang-bang properties.This monograph will appeal to researchers and graduate students in time-optimal control theory, as well as related areas of controllability and dynamic programming. For ease of reference, the text itself is self-contained on the topic of time-optimal control. Frequent examples throughout clarify the applications of theorems and definitions, although experience with functional analysis and differential equations will be useful.
Time Out for Happiness
by Frank B. Gilbreth"Frank Gilbreth chronicles the extraordinary partnership of his parents, which produced not only a dozen children but landmark contributions in the field of scientific management. His story follows Lillie Gilbreth from her childhood in Oakland, California, through her commencement day speech at Berkeley (at a time when few women attended college) to the day in Boston where the slim, shy girl from the West met the big, brash, and bluster Easterner who ran a successful contracting business and dabbled in time and motion studies."
Time Reversal Acoustics
by Woon Siong GanThis book highlights time reversal acoustics, techniques based on the symmetry properties of acoustic fields. It has the unique feature that the first eleven chapters of the book are on the indepth studies of the theories of time reversal acoustics. The remaining chapters are on the four major applications of time reversal acoustics, together with their experimental setups and case studies: underwater communication, seismic exploration,nondestructive evaluation, and medical ultrasound imaging.. The gauge invariance approach to acoustic fields, proposed by the author in 2007, is confirmed by the successful fabrication of acoustical metamaterials and the applications of time reversal acoustics to superresolution. The book also presents groundbreaking applications of time reversal acoustics to underwater communication technology and the application of metamaterials to time reversal acoustics.
Time Series Analysis
by Gregory C. Reinsel George E. Box Gwilym M. JenkinsA modernized new edition of one of the most trusted books on time series analysis. Since publication of the first edition in 1970, Time Series Analysis has served as one of the most influential and prominent works on the subject. This new edition maintains its balanced presentation of the tools for modeling and analyzing time series and also introduces the latest developments that have occurred n the field over the past decade through applications from areas such as business, finance, and engineering.The Fourth Edition provides a clearly written exploration of the key methods for building, classifying, testing, and analyzing stochastic models for time series as well as their use in five important areas of application: forecasting; determining the transfer function of a system; modeling the effects of intervention events; developing multivariate dynamic models; and designing simple control schemes. Along with these classical uses, modern topics are introduced through the book's new features, which include:A new chapter on multivariate time series analysis, including a discussion of the challenge that arise with their modeling and an outline of the necessary analytical toolsNew coverage of forecasting in the design of feedback and feedforward control schemesA new chapter on nonlinear and long memory models, which explores additional models for application such as heteroscedastic time series, nonlinear time series models, and models for long memory processesCoverage of structural component models for the modeling, forecasting, and seasonal adjustment of time seriesA review of the maximum likelihood estimation for ARMA models with missing valuesNumerous illustrations and detailed appendices supplement the book,while extensive references and discussion questions at the end of each chapter facilitate an in-depth understanding of both time-tested and modern concepts. With its focus on practical, rather than heavily mathematical, techniques, Time Series Analysis, Fourth Edition is the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels. this book is also an invaluable reference for applied statisticians, engineers, and financial analysts.
Time Series Indexing: Implement iSAX in Python to index time series with confidence
by Mihalis TsoukalosBuild and use the most popular time series index available today with Python to search and join time series at the subsequence level Purchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free PDF eBook.Key FeaturesLearn how to implement algorithms and techniques from research papersGet to grips with building time series indexes using iSAXLeverage iSAX to solve real-world time series problemsBook DescriptionTime series are everywhere, ranging from financial data and system metrics to weather stations and medical records. Being able to access, search, and compare time series data quickly is essential, and this comprehensive guide enables you to do just that by helping you explore SAX representation and the most effective time series index, iSAX. The book begins by teaching you about the implementation of SAX representation in Python as well as the iSAX index, along with the required theory sourced from academic research papers. The chapters are filled with figures and plots to help you follow the presented topics and understand key concepts easily. But what makes this book really great is that it contains the right amount of knowledge about time series indexing using the right amount of theory and practice so that you can work with time series and develop time series indexes successfully. Additionally, the presented code can be easily ported to any other modern programming language, such as Swift, Java, C, C++, Ruby, Kotlin, Go, Rust, and JavaScript. By the end of this book, you'll have learned how to harness the power of iSAX and SAX representation to efficiently index and analyze time series data and will be equipped to develop your own time series indexes and effectively work with time series data.What you will learnFind out how to develop your own Python packages and write simple Python testsUnderstand what a time series index is and why it is usefulGain a theoretical and practical understanding of operating and creating time series indexesDiscover how to use SAX representation and the iSAX indexFind out how to search and compare time seriesUtilize iSAX visualizations to aid in the interpretation of complex or large time seriesWho this book is forThis book is for practitioners, university students working with time series, researchers, and anyone looking to learn more about time series. Basic knowledge of UNIX, Linux, and Python and an understanding of basic programming concepts are needed to grasp the topics in this book. This book will also be handy for people who want to learn how to read research papers, learn from them, and implement their algorithms.
Time Series Modelling in Earth Sciences
by B.K. SahuIncluding the latest theories and applications of time series modelling, this book is intended for students, faculties and professionals with a background in multivariate statistics.Highlighting linear methods to yield ARIMA, SARIMA models and their multivariate (vector) extensions, the text also draws attention to non-linear methods, as well as state-space, dynamic linear, wavelet, volatility and long memory models. Also included are several solved case studies and exercises from the fields of mining, ore genesis, earthquakes, and climatology.
Time Series with Mixed Spectra
by Ta-Hsin LiTime series with mixed spectra are characterized by hidden periodic components buried in random noise. Despite strong interest in the statistical and signal processing communities, no book offers a comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of the subject. Filling this void, Time Series with Mixed Spectra focuses on the methods and theory for the stati
Time Snatchers
by Richard UngarA thrilling middle-grade sci-fi Caleb's blinders are off. The small group of orphans who were also "adopted" by Uncle used to feel like family, but the competition to be the top time snatcher and the punishment for failure has gotten fierce. Time traveling to steal valuable objects can be a thrill, but with bully Frank trying to steal his snatches, his partner Abbie falling for Frank's slimy charms, and Uncle's plans to kidnap innocent kids to grow his business, Caleb starts thinking about getting out. But Uncle's reach extends to any country in any time period, and runaways get the harshest punishment of all. Caleb can steal just about anything from the past, but can he steal a family for the future? .
Time Trapped
by Richard UngarThe high-octane sequel to Time Snatchers. Caleb thought he'd escaped Uncle's clutches and could have a normal life in 1968, but no such luck. After being forcibly returned to Timeless Treasures and his old job of stealing valuable objects from the past, he learns that things have gotten even more sinister. Training the new kidnapped recruits doesn't seem very important to Frank, Uncle's evil lackey, even though a few of these kids have amazing theiving skills and genius for new technology. But then Caleb figures out it's because Frank doesn't plan on keeping them around very long - or keeping them alive. Stakes are high for all of the time snatchers. If only Caleb can convince the new ones to stop having fun with the technology and use it to save their own lives. .
Time Trapped
by Richard UngarThe high-octane sequel to Time Snatchers. Caleb thought he'd escaped Uncle's clutches and could have a normal life in 1968, but no such luck. After being forcibly returned to Timeless Treasures and his old job of stealing valuable objects from the past, he learns that things have gotten even more sinister. Training the new kidnapped recruits doesn't seem very important to Frank, Uncle's evil lackey, even though a few of these kids have amazing theiving skills and genius for new technology. But then Caleb figures out it's because Frank doesn't plan on keeping them around very long - or keeping them alive. Stakes are high for all of the time snatchers. If only Caleb can convince the new ones to stop having fun with the technology and use it to save their own lives.
Time Travel: A Reality in Mesoscopic Physics
by P. Singha Deo Kanchan MeenaThis book is aimed at postgraduate and Ph.D. students specializing in condensed matter physics, quantum mechanics, and the theory of relativity. It explores fundamental problems in physics that can be addressed in the mesoscopic regime. Some of the key topics covered include: a) The state of a tunneling particle under a barrier b) A local description of the state of a quantum particle c) Reality of time travel leading to reconciliation of the classical and quantum laws The book also sets the stage for developing an alternative description of quantum mechanics and how scattering phase shift can be used to probe local density of states. It highlights essential differences from traditional statistical mechanics and discusses the potential applications and future technologies stemming from breakthroughs in basic science, which will be of interest to researchers.
Time Traveler: In Search of Dinosaurs and Other Fossils from Montana to Mongolia
by Michael NovacekTrue stories of fossil-hunting adventures around the globe from “a world-class field scientist [and] a highly entertaining writer” (The American Scholar).Michael Novacek, a world-renowned paleontologist who has discovered important fossils on virtually every continent, is an authority on patterns of evolution and on the relationships among extinct and extant organisms. Time Traveler is his captivating account of how his boyhood enthusiasm for dinosaurs became a lifelong commitment to vanguard science. He takes us with him as he discovers fossils in his own backyard in Los Angeles, then goes looking for them in the high Andes, the black volcanic mountains of Yemen, and the incredibly rich fossil badlands of the Gobi Desert.Wherever Novacek goes, he searches for still-undiscovered evidence of what life was like on Earth millions of years ago. Along the way he has almost drowned, been stung by deadly scorpions, been held at gunpoint by a renegade army, and nearly choked in raging dust storms. Fieldwork is very demanding in a host of unusual, dramatic, sometimes hilarious ways, and Novacek writes of its alluring perils with affection and discernment. But in addition to being an enthralling adventure story, Time Traveler makes sense of many complex themes—about dinosaur evolution, continental drift, mass extinctions, new methods for understanding ancient environments, and the evolutionary secrets of DNA in fossil organisms.Includes photos and illustrations“A superb introduction to paleontology.” —Edward O. Wilson“An engaging book [that] gives us an excellent sense of the way paleontologists have arrived at their world-shaking conclusions.” —The New York Times Book Review“Novacek offers a spellbinding natural history of our planet, as well as the equally fascinating story of how he fell into the profession.” —Publishers Weekly
Time and Space (PHI)
by Mário S. Ming Kong Maria do Rosário MonteiroThe texts presented in Proportion Harmonies and Identities (PHI) Time and Space were compiled to establish a multidisciplinary platform for presenting, interacting, and disseminating research. It also aims to foster awareness and discussion on Time and Space, focusing on different visions relevant to Architecture, Arts and Humanities, Design and Social Sciences, and its importance and benefits for the sense of identity, both individual and communal. The idea of Time and Space has been a powerful motor for development since the Western Early Modern Age. Its theoretical and practical foundations have become the working tools of scientists, philosophers, and artists, who seek strategies and policies to accelerate the development process in different contexts.
Time for Learning: Top 10 Reasons Why Flipping the Classroom Can Change Education
by Ms Kathleen P. FultonThe guide school leaders need to reap the rewards of education’s most exciting new trend Flipping classrooms—using class time for hands-on learning and "off loading" the lecture portion of lessons as homework—is taking schools by storm. This book makes the case to educational leaders for the benefits of flipping. Backed by powerful data and anecdotes, topics include: Data on positive student outcomes in terms of achievement and motivation How flipping gives teachers more time to work with students one-on-one and encourage peer learning How flipping engages students in 21st century skills Ways flipping is budget and resource-friendly
Time for Learning: Top 10 Reasons Why Flipping the Classroom Can Change Education
by Ms Kathleen P. FultonThe guide school leaders need to reap the rewards of education’s most exciting new trend Flipping classrooms—using class time for hands-on learning and "off loading" the lecture portion of lessons as homework—is taking schools by storm. This book makes the case to educational leaders for the benefits of flipping. Backed by powerful data and anecdotes, topics include: Data on positive student outcomes in terms of achievement and motivation How flipping gives teachers more time to work with students one-on-one and encourage peer learning How flipping engages students in 21st century skills Ways flipping is budget and resource-friendly
Time in Control Theory: On Concepts, Measures and Uses (Synthesis Lectures on Electrical Engineering)
by Blas M. VinagreControl Theory is an interdisciplinary field of engineering and mathematics that studies the behavior of dynamic systems with external stimuli and how to modify such behavior through feedback, and the very concept of dynamic system implies the study of how the trajectories of a point in a geometric space evolve in time. Thus, time is at the very foundation of control theory, and its development and achievements are conditioned both by the conception we have of it and by our way of measuring and using it. Following a quasi-chronological order, this work aims to give an overview of how these conceptions and these ways of measuring and using time are reflected in the paths followed by control theory from its origins to the present day.
Time in Maps: From the Age of Discovery to Our Digital Era
by Caroline WintererMaps organize us in space, but they also organize us in time. Looking around the world for the last five hundred years, Time in Maps shows that today’s digital maps are only the latest effort to insert a sense of time into the spatial medium of maps. Historians Kären Wigen and Caroline Winterer have assembled leading scholars to consider how maps from all over the world have depicted time in ingenious and provocative ways. Focusing on maps created in Spanish America, Europe, the United States, and Asia, these essays take us from the Aztecs documenting the founding of Tenochtitlan, to early modern Japanese reconstructing nostalgic landscapes before Western encroachments, to nineteenth-century Americans grappling with the new concept of deep time. The book also features a defense of traditional paper maps by digital mapmaker William Rankin. With more than one hundred color maps and illustrations, Time in Maps will draw the attention of anyone interested in cartographic history.
Time to Shine: Applications of Solar Energy Technology
by Michael GruppAs solar energy becomes increasingly more important in all of our lives, it is more important to learn how it works and how it can be implemented. <P><P>This book is the perfect primer for the engineer, scientist, and layperson alike, for learning about the practical applications of solar energy technology and how it is being used today to heat homes, light city streets, and provide power worldwide.
Time to Think Small: How Nimble Environmental Technologies Can Solve the Planet's Biggest Problems
by Todd MyersThis call to climate action examines ways we can leverage the growing power of smartphones and other technologies to become effective environmental stewards to protect threatened species, reduce the risk from climate change, and stop ocean plastic.Personal technologies are creating what the Environmental Defense Fund calls &“a transformational shift&” in how we address environmental problems. Time to Think Small explores how these brand-new approaches are already playing a huge role in winning some of the most difficult and important environmental struggles of our day–from fighting climate change, to ensuring drinkable water for everyone, to saving endangered animals, to keeping plastic out of the ocean.Learn how these technologies magnify and multiply the power everyone has as individuals to save our environment and how this tremendous power is not only growing, but also has the huge benefit of being independent of sudden shifts in political leadership.Drawing on two decades of environmental policy and a career working with endangered species mixed with his previous career in tech, Myers looks at the different ways we can be empowered to find environmental solutions."Time to Think Small reminds me of the first words spoken on the moon, about small steps and giant leaps. Todd Myers does, in fact, describe the giant strides from accumulated small steps that will help solve THE biggest long-term problem facing humanity today. If Big Government won&’t act, WE CAN, in our own small ways!" --Donald Kroodsma, Author of Birdsong for the Curious Naturalist"The future of environmental stewardship depends on technology and innovation. Todd Myers is a national leader on environmental policy and technology and understands how to create solutions that sidestep political gridlock." --John Connors, former Microsoft CFO"A much-needed analysis of how we can solve complex global environmental problems by applying human ingenuity. . . and why every step matters along the way." --Benji Backer, President, American Conservation Coalition"Addressing climate change can be such a polarizing issue. Myers's book has found a way to cut right through that with practical, applicable actions that everyone can take to make a difference." --Kevin Wilhelm, CEO, Sustainable Business Consulting"While the positions taken by Todd Myers may be disconcerting to an old-school environmentalist such as myself, his voice is one we need to hear in the conversation about climate change. Myers makes a compelling argument that thinking small stimulates creativity, and that nimble, creative approaches can play a crucial role in achieving sustainability." -- John S. Farnsworth, PhD, Author of Nature Beyond Solitude: Notes from the Field
Time, Love , Memory
by Jonathan Weiner"A fascinating history--. Literate and authoritative--.Marvelously exciting." --The New York Times Book ReviewJonathan Weiner, winner of the Pulitzer Prize for The Beak of the Finch, brings his brilliant reporting skills to the story of Seymour Benzer, the Brooklyn-born maverick scientist whose study of genetics and experiments with fruit fly genes has helped revolutionize or knowledge of the connections between DNA and behavior both animal and human.How much of our fate is decided before we are born? Which of our characteristics is inscribed in our DNA? Weiner brings us into Benzer's Fly Rooms at the California Institute of Technology, where Benzer, and his asssociates are in the process of finding answers, often astonishing ones, to these questions. Part biography, part thrilling scientific detective story, Time, Love, Memory forcefully demonstrates how Benzer's studies are changing our world view--and even our lives.
Time-Dependency in Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (ISRM Book Series)
by Ömer AydanThis book is concerned with time-dependency in rock mechanics and rock engineering, whose spectrum is very wide. While the term “time-dependency” involves time-dependent behavior/rate-dependent behavior of rocks in a conventional sense, this books attempts to cover the spectrum as much as possible including coupled processes of thermal, hydrological and diffusions in rocks. It presents theoretical formulations, experiments, numerical formulation and examples of applications. Of paramount concern is the long-term response and stability of rock engineering structures, including for instance man-made and natural slopes and underground facilities such as tunnels and powerhouses.
Time-Dependent Behaviour of Concrete Structures
by Gianluca Ranzi Raymond Ian GilbertServiceability failures of concrete structures involving excessive cracking or deflection are relatively common, even in structures that comply with code requirements. This is often as a result of a failure to adequately account for the time-dependent deformations of concrete in the design of the structure. The serviceability provisions embodied in
Time-Dependent Measures of Perception in Sensory Evaluation
by Tracey Hollowood Joanne Hort Sarah E. KempSensory evaluation is a scientific discipline used to evoke, measure, analyse and interpret responses to products perceived through the senses of sight, smell, touch, taste and hearing. It is used to reveal insights into the way in which sensory properties drive consumer acceptance and behaviour, and to design products that best deliver what the consumer wants. It is also used at a more fundamental level to provide a wider understanding of the mechanisms involved in sensory perception and consumer behaviour. Sensory perception of products alters considerably during the course of consumption/use. Special techniques are used in product development to measure these changes in order to optimise product delivery to consumers. Time-Dependent Measures of Perception in Sensory Evaluation explores the many facets of time-dependent perception including mastication and food breakdown, sensory-specific satiety and sensory memory. Both traditional and cutting-edge techniques and applications used to measure temporal changes in sensory perception over time are reviewed, and insights into the way in which sensory properties drive consumer acceptance and behaviour are provided. This book will be a valuable resource for sensory professionals working in academia and industry, including sensory scientists, practitioners, trainers and students; and industry-based researchers in QA/QC, R&D and marketing.
Time-Dependent Mechanical Behavior of Ceramic-Matrix Composites at Elevated Temperatures (Advanced Ceramics and Composites #1)
by Longbiao LiThis book investigates the time-dependent behavior of fiber-reinforced ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs) at elevated temperatures. The author combines the time-dependent damage mechanisms of interface and fiber oxidation and fracture with the micromechanical approach to establish the relationships between the first matrix cracking stress, matrix multiple cracking evolution, tensile strength, tensile stress-strain curves and tensile fatigue of fiber-reinforced CMCs and time. Then, using damage models of energy balance, the fracture mechanics approach, critical matrix strain energy criterion, Global Load Sharing criterion, and hysteresis loops he determines the first matrix cracking stress, interface debonded length, matrix cracking density, fibers failure probability, tensile strength, tensile stress-strain curves and fatigue hysteresis loops. Lastly, he predicts the time-dependent mechanical behavior of different fiber-reinforced CMCs, i.e., C/SiC and SiC/SiC, using the developed approaches, in order to reduce the failure risk during the operation of aero engines. The book is intended for undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in the mechanical behavior of CMCs, researchers investigating the damage evolution of CMCs at elevated temperatures, and designers responsible for hot-section CMC components in aero engines.
Time-Dependent Problems and Difference Methods
by Joseph Oliger Bertil Gustafsson Heinz-Otto KreissPraise for the First Edition". . . fills a considerable gap in the numerical analysis literature by providing a self-contained treatment . . . this is an important work written in a clear style . . . warmly recommended to any graduate student or researcher in the field of the numerical solution of partial differential equations."--SIAM ReviewTime-Dependent Problems and Difference Methods, Second Edition continues to provide guidance for the analysis of difference methods for computing approximate solutions to partial differential equations for time-dependent problems. The book treats differential equations and difference methods with a parallel development, thus achieving a more useful analysis of numerical methods.The Second Edition presents hyperbolic equations in great detail as well as new coverage on second-order systems of wave equations including acoustic waves, elastic waves, and Einstein equations. Compared to first-order hyperbolic systems, initial-boundary value problems for such systems contain new properties that must be taken into account when analyzing stability. Featuring the latest material in partial differential equations with new theorems, examples, and illustrations,Time-Dependent Problems and Difference Methods, Second Edition also includes:High order methods on staggered gridsExtended treatment of Summation By Parts operators and their application to second-order derivativesSimplified presentation of certain parts and proofsTime-Dependent Problems and Difference Methods, Second Edition is an ideal reference for physical scientists, engineers, numerical analysts, and mathematical modelers who use numerical experiments to test designs and to predict and investigate physical phenomena. The book is also excellent for graduate-level courses in applied mathematics and scientific computations.