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Traffic Flow Modelling: Introduction to Traffic Flow Theory Through a Genealogy of Models (EURO Advanced Tutorials on Operational Research)
by Femke KesselsThis book introduces readers to the main traffic flow modelling approaches and discusses their features and applications. It provides a comprehensive and cutting-edge review of traffic flow models, from their roots in the 1930s to the latest developments in the field. In addition, it presents problem sets that offer readers further insights into the models and hands-on experience with simulation approaches. The simulations used in the exercises can be built upon for readers’ own research or other applications. The models discussed in this book are applied to describe, predict and control traffic flows on roads with the aid of rapid and accurate estimations of current and future states. The book shows how these models are developed, what their chief characteristics are, and how they can be effectively employed.
Traffic Management
by George Yannis Simon CohenTransport systems are facing an impossible dilemma: satisfy an increasing demand for mobility of people and goods, while decreasing their fossil-energy requirements and preserving the environment. Additionally, transport has an opportunity to evolve in a changing world, with new services, technologies but also new requirements (fast delivery, reliability, improved accessibility). The subject of traffic is organized into two separate but complementary volumes: Volume 3 on Traffic Management and Volume 4 on Traffic Safety. Traffic Management, Volume 3 of the 'Research for Innovative Transports' Set, presents a collection of updated papers from the TRA 2014 Conference, highlighting the diversity of research in this field. Theoretical chapters and practical case studies address topics such as cooperative systems, the global approach in modeling, road and railway traffic management, information systems and impact assessment.
Traffic Measurement for Big Network Data
by Shigang Chen Min Chen Qingjun XiaoThis book presents several compact and fast methods for online traffic measurement of big network data. It describes challenges of online traffic measurement, discusses the state of the field, and provides an overview of the potential solutions to major problems. The authors introduce the problem of per-flow size measurement for big network data and present a fast and scalable counter architecture, called Counter Tree, which leverages a two-dimensional counter sharing scheme to achieve far better memory efficiency and significantly extend estimation range. Unlike traditional approaches to cardinality estimation problems that allocate a separated data structure (called estimator) for each flow, this book takes a different design path by viewing all the flows together as a whole: each flow is allocated with a virtual estimator, and these virtual estimators share a common memory space. A framework of virtual estimators is designed to apply the idea of sharing to an array of cardinality estimation solutions, achieving far better memory efficiency than the best existing work. To conclude, the authors discuss persistent spread estimation in high-speed networks. They offer a compact data structure called multi-virtual bitmap, which can estimate the cardinality of the intersection of an arbitrary number of sets. Using multi-virtual bitmaps, an implementation that can deliver high estimation accuracy under a very tight memory space is presented. The results of these experiments will surprise both professionals in the field and advanced-level students interested in the topic. By providing both an overview and the results of specific experiments, this book is useful for those new to online traffic measurement and experts on the topic.
Traffic Mining Applied to Police Activities: Proceedings Of The 1st Italian Conference For The Traffic Police (trap 2017) (Advances In Intelligent Systems And Computing #728)
by Stefano Ferilli Fabio LeuzziThis book presents high-quality original contributions on the development of automatic traffic analysis systems that are able to not only anticipate traffic scenarios, but also understand the behavior of road users (vehicles, bikes, trucks, etc.) in order to provide better traffic management, prevent accidents and, potentially, identify criminal behaviors. Topics also include traffic surveillance and vehicle accident analysis using formal concept analysis, convolutional and recurrent neural networks, unsupervised learning and process mining. The content is based on papers presented at the 1st Italian Conference for the Traffic Police (TRAP), which was held in Rome in October 2017. This conference represents a targeted response to the challenges facing the police in connection with managing massive traffic data, finding patterns from historical datasets, and analyzing complex traffic phenomena in order to anticipate potential criminal behaviors. The book will appeal to researchers, practitioners and decision makers interested in traffic monitoring and analysis, traffic modeling and simulation, mobility and social data mining, as well as members of the police.
Traffic Safety
by George Yannis Simon CohenTransport systems are facing an impossible dilemma: satisfy an increasing demand for mobility of people and goods, while decreasing their fossil-energy requirements and preserving the environment. Additionally, transport has an opportunity to evolve in a changing world, with new services, technologies but also new requirements (fast delivery, reliability, improved accessibility). The subject of traffic is organized into two separate but complementary volumes: Volume 3 on Traffic Management and Volume 4 on Traffic Safety. Traffic Safety, Volume 4 of the Research for Innovative Transports Set, presents a collection of updated papers from the TRA 2014 Conference, highlighting the diversity of research in this field. Theoretical chapters and practical case studies address topics such as road safety management and policies, accident analysis and modeling, vulnerable road users' safety, road infrastructure safety, ITS and railway safety.
Traffic Simulation and Data: Validation Methods and Applications
by Winnie Daamen Christine Buisson Serge P. HoogendoornA single source of information for researchers and professionals, Traffic Simulation and Data: Validation Methods and Applications offers a complete overview of traffic data collection, state estimation, calibration and validation for traffic modelling and simulation. It derives from the Multitude Project-a European Cost Action project that incorpo
Traffic and Granular Flow '11
by Valery V. Kozlov Alexander P. Buslaev Alexander S. Bugaev Marina V. Yashina Andreas Schadschneider Michael SchreckenbergThis book continues the biannual series of conference proceedings, which has become a classical reference resource in traffic and granular research alike. It addresses new developments at the interface between physics, engineering and computational science. Complex systems, where many simple agents, be they vehicles or particles, give rise to surprising and fascinating phenomena. The contributions collected in these proceedings cover several research fields, all of which deal with transport. Topics include highway, pedestrian and internet traffic, granular matter, biological transport, transport networks, data acquisition, data analysis and technological applications. Different perspectives, i. e. modeling, simulations, experiments and phenomenological observations, are considered.
Traffic and Granular Flow '13
by Andreas Schadschneider Mohcine Chraibi Maik Boltes Armin SeyfriedThis book continues the biannual series of conference proceedings, which has become a classical reference resource in traffic and granular research alike, and addresses the latest developments at the intersection of physics, engineering and computational science. These involve complex systems, in which multiple simple agents, be they vehicles or particles, give rise to surprising and fascinating phenomena. The contributions collected in these proceedings cover several research fields, all of which deal with transport. Topics include highway, pedestrian and internet traffic; granular matter; biological transport; transport networks; data acquisition; data analysis and technological applications. Different perspectives, i. e. , modeling, simulations, experiments, and phenomenological observations are considered.
Traffic and Granular Flow '15
by Victor L. Knoop Winnie DaamenThe Conference on Traffic and Granular Flow brings togetherinternational researchers from different fields ranging from physics tocomputer science and engineering to discuss the latest developments intraffic-related systems. Originally conceived to facilitate new ideas byconsidering the similarities of traffic and granular flow, TGF'15, organised byDelft University of Technology, now covers a broad range of topics related todriven particle and transport systems. Besides the classical topics of granularflow and highway traffic, its scope includes data transport (Internet traffic),pedestrian and evacuation dynamics, intercellular transport, swarm behaviourand the collective dynamics of other biological systems. Recent advances inmodelling, computer simulation and phenomenology are presented, and prospectsfor applications, for example to traffic control, are discussed. The conferenceexplores the interrelations between the above-mentioned fields and offers theopportunity to stimulate interdisciplinary research, exchange ideas, and meetmany experts in these areas of research.
Traffic and Granular Flow 2019 (Springer Proceedings in Physics #252)
by Iker Zuriguel Angel Garcimartín Raúl Cruz HidalgoThis book gathers contributions on a variety of flowing collective systems. While primarily focusing on pedestrian dynamics, they also reflect the latest developments in areas such as vehicular traffic and granular flows and address related emerging topics such as self-propelled particles, data transport, swarm behavior, intercellular transport, and collective dynamics of biological systems. Combining fundamental research and practical applications in the various fields discussed, the book offers a valuable asset for researchers and practitioners alike.
Traffic and Pavement Engineering
by Ghazi G. Al-KhateebTraffic and Pavement Engineering presents the latest engineering concepts, techniques, practices, principles, standard procedures, and models that are applied and used to design and evaluate traffic systems, road pavement structures, and alternative transportation systems to ultimately achieve greater safety, sustainability, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. It provides in-depth coverage of the major areas of transportation engineering and includes a broad range of practical problems and solutions, related to theory, concepts, practice, and applications. Solutions for each problem follow step-by-step procedures that include the theory and the derivation of the formulas and computations where applicable. Additionally, numerical methods, linear algebraic methods, and least squares regression techniques are presented to assist in problem solving. Features: Presents coverage of major areas in transportation engineering: traffic engineering, and pavement materials, analysis, and design. Provides solutions to numerous practical problems in traffic and pavement engineering including terminology, theory, practice, computation, and design. Offers downloadable and user-friendly MS Excel spreadsheets as well as numerical methods and optimization tools and techniques. Includes several practical case studies throughout. Utilizes a unique approach in presenting the different topics of transportation engineering. Traffic and Pavement Engineering will help academics and professionals alike to find practical solutions across the broad spectrum of traffic and pavement engineering issues.
Traffic and Performance Engineering for Heterogeneous Networks (River Publishers Series In Information Science And Technology Ser.)
by Demetres D. KouvatsosThe diversity of methodologies and applications in the literature for the traffic engineering, performance modelling and analysis of convergent multiservice heterogeneous networks attests to the breath and richness of recent research and developments towards the design and dimensioning of the next and future generation Internets.Heterogeneous Networks: Traffic Engineering, Performance Evaluation Studies and Tools describes recent advances in networks of diverse technology reflecting the state-of-the-art technology and research achievements in traffic engineering, performance evaluation studies and tools worldwide. Technical topics presented in the book include:• Traffic Modelling and Characterisation• Queueing and Interconnection Networks• Performance Evaluation Studies• TCP Performance Analysis• Congestion Control• Application Layer Multicast• Numerical and Software Tools;This book contains recently extended research papers, which have their roots in the series of the HET-NETs International Working Conferences focusing on the 'Performance Modelling and Evaluation of Heterogeneous Networks' under the auspices of the EU Networks of Excellence Euro-NGI and Euro-FGI. Heterogeneous Networks: Traffic Engineering, Performance Evaluation Studies and Tools is ideal for personnel in computer/communication industries as well as academic staff and master/research students in computer science, operational research, electrical engineering and telecommunication systems and the Internet.
Traffic and QoS Management in Wireless Multimedia Networks
by Yevgeni Koucheryavy Torsten Braun Vasilios Siris Dirk Staehle Giovanni Giambene Francisco Barcelo-Arroyo"Traffic and QoS Management in Wireless Multimedia Networks" presents the scientific contributions of the European COST 290 project. Traffic and QoS in wireless networks are addressed from a range of perspectives, including electrical engineering, software development, and networking. This book presents state-of-the-art information, reviews open issues, and suggests directions for future research.
Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Exposure in Urbanized Areas
by Bernard Połednik Sławomira Dumała Łukasz Guz Adam PiotrowiczTraffic-related pollutions, apart from the emissions from other anthropogenic sources, significantly decrease the air quality in cities. This is especially true in the case of the areas located in the vicinity of communication routes with high traffic intensity. In accordance with the epidemiological studies, the transport emissions affecting road users, both drivers and pedestrians, have a detrimental effect on health and may contribute to numerous serious illnesses. This work presents the characteristics of traffic-related pollution and the factors affecting its concentration in the air. The effects of exposure to traffic-related pollution on health are described as well. The transport emissions in Lublin, Poland, are discussed in detail. The results of previous studies on traffic-related environmental pollution are presented, including pollutant concentrations as well as exposures of drivers and pedestrians along one of the busiest roads. The studies account for different seasons and weather conditions. The methods of reducing traffic-related pollution and prospects for improving the urban air quality are described as well. This book is intended for academics, researchers, engineers and professionals involved in studies and assessment of the road transport impact on the environment.
Tragwerke 1
by Konstantin Meskouris Reinhard Harte Udo Wittek Wilfried B. KrätzigDas Standardlehrwerk beschäftigt sich mit der Ermittlung der Kraft- und Verformungszustände von allgemeinen, statisch bestimmten Stabtragwerken sowie von wichtigen Tragwerkstypen. Dabei vereint es die Grundlagen der technischen Mechanik mit der konzeptionellen, tragwerksspezifischen Problemlösung. Dargestellt werden die fundamentalen Abstraktions- und Arbeitsmethoden, die wesentlichen analytischen Berechnungsmethoden werden an typischen Beispielen erläutert. Die Neuauflage berücksichtigt aktuelle Normen und neue Bezeichnungen.
Tragwerke 1: Theorie und Berechnungsmethoden statisch bestimmter Stabtragwerke (Springer-Lehrbuch)
by Konstantin Meskouris Reinhard Harte Udo Wittek Wilfried B. KrätzigDas Standardlehrwerk beschäftigt sich mit der Ermittlung der Kraft- und Verformungszustände von allgemeinen, statisch bestimmten Stabtragwerken sowie von wichtigen Tragwerkstypen. Dabei vereint es die Grundlagen der technischen Mechanik mit der konzeptionellen, tragwerksspezifischen Problemlösung. Dargestellt werden die fundamentalen Abstraktions- und Arbeitsmethoden, die wesentlichen analytischen Berechnungsmethoden werden an typischen Beispielen erläutert. Die Neuauflage berücksichtigt aktuelle Normen und neue Bezeichnungen.
Tragwerke 2: Theorie und Berechnungsmethoden statisch unbestimmter Stabtragwerke (Springer-Lehrbuch)
by Reinhard Harte Wilfried B. Krätzig Carsten Könke Yuri S. PetrynaDieses Buch behandelt statisch unbestimmte Stabtragwerke. Das Kraftgrößenverfahren wird in klassischer und matrizieller Form erläutert. Nach Einführung diskreter Tragwerksmodellierungen wird der Leser mit verschiedenen Varianten des Weggrößenverfahrens vertraut gemacht und an die computerbasierte Tragwerksanalysen herangeführt. Einführungen in die geometrisch und physikalisch nichtlinearen Probleme runden den Stoff des Buches ab. Viele Beispiele ergänzen die Theorie. Diese generalisierte Betrachtungsweise wendet sich sowohl an Studenten von Universitäten und Fachhochschulen als auch an Ingenieure der Baupraxis.
Tragwerksstrukturen: Tragwerke und andere Strukturen
by Rudolf PitlounDas Ziel des Buches über Tragwerkstrukturen und über andere Strukturen ist die Erweiterung der herkömmlichen Entscheidungsgrundlagen nach der zur Zeit gültigen Vergabe- und Vertragsordnung beim Entwurf und der Erhaltung vorhandener Bauten nach Baupreisen sowie nach Daten optimaler Strukturen der Baukonstruktionen für vorzulegende Berechnungen zum Vergleich der betrachteten Strukturvarianten zusammen mit Preisen. Da die zahlenmäßige Erfassung der zur Strukturberechnung notwendigen Strukturaufbaudaten und der Bewertung der einzelnen Konstruktionsparameter aller Tragwerkselemente für den Variantenvergleich noch nicht bekannt war, wurden Forschungsarbeiten und Begutachtungen über viele Jahre durchgeführt. Für Entwürfe von neuen Bauwerken und Begutachtungen von strukturbedingten Schäden und Mängeln an vorhandenen Tragwerken sind Modell- und Bauwerksmessungen sowie Berechnungen über das Eigenverhalten und Berechnungen über das Konstruktionsverhalten bei einwirkenden statischen und dynamischen Belastungen durchgeführt worden.
Trailblazers: 33 Women in Science Who Changed the World (Penworthy Picks Middle School Ser.)
by Rachel SwabyVirginia Apgar. Sally Ride. Rachel Carson. These names are etched in history and included here as part of this awe-inspiring collection of profiles of some of the world's most influential women in science. Author Rachel Swaby delves into the minds of thirty-three such women, whose vision, creativity, passion and dedication have helped make important strides in the world of science--who have in fact changed the world.Middle grade kids will be fascinated by these snapshot profiles of some of history's most important female scientists. These women have made strides in fields including biology, medicine, astronomy, and technology. In addition, Swaby emphasizes the fact that people aren't born brilliant scientists. They observe and experiment as kids and as adults, testing ideas again and again, each time learning something new. Kids are sure to come away with a renewed curiosity of the world and the realization that the road to discovery can be positively thrilling.From the Hardcover edition.
Trailblazers: First Man on the Moon (Trailblazers #1)
by Alex WoolfMeet history's game changers! This biography series is for kids who loved Who Was? and are ready for the next level.On July 20, 1969, the whole world was watching Neil Armstrong. He was the first person ever to set foot on the moon! But how did he achieve such an amazing feat? From a childhood spent building model planes to an early career as a test pilot, Neil was always fascinated by aviation. Find out how this boy who loved planes became one of history's greatest trailblazers!Trailblazers is a biography series that celebrates the lives of amazing pioneers, past and present, from all over the world.
Trailblazing Mars: NASA's Next Giant Leap
by Pat DugginsTravel to and from Mars has long been a staple of science fiction. And yet the hurdles--both technological and financial--have kept human exploration of the red planet from becoming a reality. Trailblazing Mars offers an inside look at the current efforts to fulfill this dream.Award-winning journalist Pat Duggins examines the extreme new challenges that will be faced by astronauts on the journey there and back. They'll have to grow their own food, find their own water, and solve their own problems and emergencies without hope of rescue or re-supply. Mars travel will be more challenging and hazardous than settling the Old West--but we were not witness to the fate of the Donner Party on CNN.Can the technological hurdles be cleared? Will the public accept the very real possibility of astronaut death? Should a mission be publicly or privately funded? Is the science worth the cost? These and many other questions are answered in Duggins's exciting new book.
Trailering Your Horse: A Visual Guide to Safe Training and Traveling (Horsekeeping Skills Library)
by Cherry Hill Richard KlimeshProperly trailering your horse is an essential skill every horse owner needs to master. With clear text and detailed photography, Cherry Hill shows you how to choose an appropriate truck and trailer combination; train your horse to confidently enter and exit the trailer; and drive safely while pulling a loaded trailer. With tips on emergency equipment and caring for your horse en route, this guide has everything you need to know to create a safe and stress-free traveling experience for you and your horse.
Train Wreck: The Forensics of Rail Disasters
by George BibelGripping forensic tales explain how and why trains crash.Trains are massive—with some weighing 15,000 tons or more. When these metal monsters collide or go off the rails, their destructive power becomes clear. In this book, George Bibel presents riveting tales of trains gone wrong, the detective work of finding out why, and the safety improvements that were born of tragedy. Train Wreck details numerous crashes, including 17 in which more than 200 people were killed. Readers follow investigators as they sift through the rubble and work with computerized event recorders to figure out what happened. Using a mix of eyewitness accounts and scientific explanations, Bibel draws us into a world of forensics and human drama.Train Wreck is a fascinating exploration of• runaway trains• bearing failures• metal fatigue• crash testing • collision dynamics• bad rails
Train: The Definitive Visual History (DK Definitive Transport Guides)
by DKVisit a train station and create a colorful fold-out scene with all your favorite trains. DK Picture Stickers in favorite themes offer great value and hours of sticker fun in a terrific accordion-page format. Kids can create an exciting scene on one of the poster-size spreads, and then pull it out to hang in a bedroom or playroom. Fun facts accompany each reusable sticker.
Train: The Definitive Visual History (DK Definitive Transport Guides)
by DKVisit a train station and create a colorful fold-out scene with all your favorite trains. DK Picture Stickers in favorite themes offer great value and hours of sticker fun in a terrific accordion-page format. Kids can create an exciting scene on one of the poster-size spreads, and then pull it out to hang in a bedroom or playroom. Fun facts accompany each reusable sticker.