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The Unequal Benefits of Fuel Subsidies: A Review of Evidence for Developing Countries
by Javier Arze del Granado David Coady Robert GillinghamA report from the International Monetary Fund.
The Unexpected Einstein: The Real Man Behind The Icon
by Denis BrianA fascinating book that exposes the many myths about the great scientist. Acclaimed biographer Denis Brian takes on the many myths surrounding the eccentric genius--that he was a woman hater and plagiarist who stole other scientists' ideas, that he didn't speak until he was four or five--many of which were circulated and published while he was still alive. Featuring never-before published interviews and photos, this entertaining and informative book reveals many unexpected facets of Einstein's life--such as his culinary exploits--as it captures the man behind the myths.
The Unexpected Light of Thomas Alva Edison (Turnabout Tales)
by Raymond ArroyoFrom New York Times bestselling author and news anchor Raymond Arroyo comes the first book in the Turnabout Tales series—a picture book biography of one of America&’s most famous inventors, Thomas Alva Edison, and a story about how a small spark can create a big light.No one thought much of young Thomas Alva Edison. He couldn&’t focus at school and caused trouble around the house. But where others saw a distracted and mischievous boy, his mother saw imagination and curiosity. At only seven years old, Al, as he was called as a young child, was educated by his mother, who oversaw his rigorous at-home education while also allowing him great freedom to explore and dream. Those early years of encouragement and loving guidance formed the man who would apply those valuable lessons as well as his rich imagination to inventing the phonograph, the motion picture camera, the light bulb, and more.In The Unexpected Light of Thomas Alva Edison readers will:meet the larger-than-life personality of Thomas Alva Edisonhear an inspiring tale of an underdog overcoming all the oddslearn about the power of curiosity and imaginationtake a carefully researched and actively told romp through history The Unexpected Light of Thomas Alva Edison includes:an annotated list of resources and suggested readingrealistic illustrations by artist Kristina Gehrmannan author&’s note by Raymond Arroyo, the author of the bestselling The Spider Who Saved Christmas The Turnabout Tales series highlights little-known yet fascinating stories of historical figures who went from underdog to hero, and the adults who inspired them to be true to themselves and do big things that changed the world.
Unfallmechanik und Unfallrekonstruktion
by Heiko JohannsenDie Unfallaufklärung verlangt einen Blick auf die Rekonstruktionsverfahren. Diese wiederum gründen auf der klassischen Mechanik mit Impulssatz, Drehimpuls und Zusatzhypothesen. Die Grundlagen für das Verständnis moderner Unfallrekonstruktionen werden in diesem Buch zusammengefasst und an Beispielen demonstriert. Dabei wird das grafische, analytische und rechnergestützte Vorgehen dargestellt für eine Vorwärts- oder Rückwärtsrechnung, auf Stoß- oder Kraftrechnung basierend. Es ist damit ein Fachbuch, das dem Ingenieur in Studium und Praxis als Unfallgutachter die Benutzung der physikalischen Grundlagen erleichtert.
The Unfamiliar Garden: The Comet Cycle Book 2 (The Comet Cycle #2)
by Benjamin PercyFrom award-winning author Benjamin Percy comes the second novel in his grippingly original sci-fi series, The Comet Cycle, in which a passing comet has caused irreversible change to the growth of fungi, spawning a dangerous, invasive species in the Pacific Northwest that threatens to control the lives of humans and animals alike.It began with a comet. They called it Cain, a wandering star that passed by Earth, illuminating the night with a swampy green light and twinning the sky by day with two suns. A year later, Earth spun through the debris field the comet left behind. Suddenly, hundreds of thousands of meteors plummeted into the atmosphere, destroying swaths of electrical grids, leaving shores of beaches filled with deceased sea life, and setting acres of land ablaze. It was then, they say, that the sky fell. It was then that Jack lost Mia.Five years after the disappearance of his daughter, Jack has fallen. Once an accomplished professor of botany, he's now a shell of a man who has all but withdrawn from life. Nora, his ex-wife, has thrown herself into her investigative work. Separately, they have each bandaged over the hole Mia left behind.Just as Jack is uncovering a new form of deadly parasitic fungus in his lab, Nora is assigned to investigate the cases of ritualistic murders dotting Seattle. The rituals consist of etchings - crosshatches are carved into bodies and eyes are scooped out of their sockets. The attackers appear to be possessed.It only takes a moment - for a sickness to infect, for a person to be killed, for a child to be lost. When Nora enlists Jack to identify the cause of this string of vicious deaths, Jack is quick to help. Together, they fight to keep their moments - the unexpected laughter, the extraordinary discoveries, the chance that Mia could come back home - but they find that what they're up against defies all logic, and what they have to do to save the world will change every life forever.
The Unfamiliar Garden: The Comet Cycle Book 2 (The Comet Cycle #2)
by Benjamin PercyFrom award-winning author Benjamin Percy comes the second novel in his grippingly original sci-fi series, The Comet Cycle, in which a passing comet has caused irreversible change to the growth of fungi, spawning a dangerous, invasive species in the Pacific Northwest that threatens to control the lives of humans and animals alike.It began with a comet. They called it Cain, a wandering star that passed by Earth, illuminating the night with a swampy green light and twinning the sky by day with two suns. A year later, Earth spun through the debris field the comet left behind. Suddenly, hundreds of thousands of meteors plummeted into the atmosphere, destroying swaths of electrical grids, leaving shores of beaches filled with deceased sea life, and setting acres of land ablaze. It was then, they say, that the sky fell. It was then that Jack lost Mia.Five years after the disappearance of his daughter, Jack has fallen. Once an accomplished professor of botany, he's now a shell of a man who has all but withdrawn from life. Nora, his ex-wife, has thrown herself into her investigative work. Separately, they have each bandaged over the hole Mia left behind.Just as Jack is uncovering a new form of deadly parasitic fungus in his lab, Nora is assigned to investigate the cases of ritualistic murders dotting Seattle. The rituals consist of etchings - crosshatches are carved into bodies and eyes are scooped out of their sockets. The attackers appear to be possessed.It only takes a moment - for a sickness to infect, for a person to be killed, for a child to be lost. When Nora enlists Jack to identify the cause of this string of vicious deaths, Jack is quick to help. Together, they fight to keep their moments - the unexpected laughter, the extraordinary discoveries, the chance that Mia could come back home - but they find that what they're up against defies all logic, and what they have to do to save the world will change every life forever.(P) 2022 HarperCollins Publishers
The Unfinished Game: Pascal, Fermat, and the Seventeenth-Century Letter that Made the World Modern
by Keith DevlinIn the early seventeenth century, the outcome of something as simple as a dice roll was consigned to the realm of unknowable chance. Mathematicians largely agreed that it was impossible to predict the probability of an occurrence. Then, in 1654, Blaise Pascal wrote to Pierre de Fermat explaining that he had discovered how to calculate risk. The two collaborated to develop what is now known as probability theory?a concept that allows us to think rationally about decisions and events. In "The Unfinished Game," Keith Devlin masterfully chronicles Pascal and FermatOCOs mathematical breakthrough, connecting a centuries-old discovery with its remarkable impact on the modern world.
Unfolding the Future of the Long War: Motivations, Prospects, and Implications for the U. S. Army
by Brian Nichiporuk Dale Stahl Christopher G. Pernin Justin Beck Ricky Radaelli-SanchezThe United States is currently engaged in a military effort that has been characterized as the "long war." This study explores the concept of long war and identifies ways in which it might unfold as well as the implications for the Army and the U.S. military more generally. This report uses the generation of either "trajectories" or alternative paths in which the long war might unfold to explore the implications for the U.S. military.
The Unforgotten Sisters
by Gabriella BernardiTakinginspiration from Siv Cedering's poem in the form of a fictional letter fromCaroline Herschel that refers to "my long, lost sisters, forgotten in the booksthat record our science", this book tells the lives of twenty-five femalescientists, with specific attention to astronomers and mathematicians. Each ofthe presented biographies is organized as a kind of "personal file"which sets the biographee's life in its historical context, documents her mainworks, highlights some curious facts, and records citations about her. Theselected figures are among the most representative of this neglected world,including such luminaries as Hypatia of Alexandra, Hildegard of Bingen,Elisabetha Hevelius, and Maria Gaetana Agnesi. They span a period of about 4000years, from En HeduAnna, the Akkadian princess, who was one of the firstrecognized female astronomers, to the dawn of the era of modern astronomy withCaroline Herschel and Mary Somerville. The book will be of interest to allwho wish to learn more about the women from antiquity to the nineteenth centurywho played such key roles in the history of astronomy and science despiteliving and working in largely male-dominated worlds.
The Unhappening of Genesis Lee
by Shallee McarthurWhat would it feel like to never forget? Or to have a memory stolen?Seventeen-year-old Genesis Lee has never forgotten anything. As one of the Mementi-a small group of genetically enhanced humans-Gena remembers everything with the help of her Link bracelets, which preserve them perfectly. But Links can be stolen, and six people have already lost their lives to a memory thief, including Gena's best friend.Anyone could be next. That's why Gena is less than pleased to meet a strange but charming boy named Kalan who claims not only that they have met before, but also that Gena knows who the thief is.The problem is that Gena doesn't remember Kalan, she doesn't remember seeing the thief, and she doesn't know why she's forgetting things-or how much else she might forget. As growing tensions between Mementi and ordinary humans drive the city of Havendale into chaos, Gena and Kalan team up to search for the thief. And as Gena loses more memories, they realize they have to solve the mystery fast...because Gena's life is unhappening around her.
Uniaxial Pressure Study of Charge Density Waves in a High-T꜀ Cuprate Superconductor (Springer Theses)
by Hun-ho KimThis book presents comprehensive studies of charge density waves (CDW) in a high-Tc cuprate superconductor using x-ray scattering techniques under uniaxial pressure. Specifically, the work addresses inelastic x-ray scattering studies under uniaxial pressure performed on the underdoped cuprate YBa2Cu3O6.67(p=0.12, Tc=65K) with incoming photon energy in the resonant (E=931.3 eV, Cu-L3 edge) and non-resonant conditions (E=17.794 keV). This is a completely new approach to the investigation of charge density waves. It revealed new features of charge density waves in cuprates, whose properties had previously been inaccessible..
Uniaxial Stress Technique and Investigations of Correlated Electron Systems (Springer Theses)
by Mark Edward BarberThis book reports on the development and application of a new uniaxial pressure apparatus that is currently generating considerable interest in the field of materials physics. The author provides practical guidelines for performing such experiments, backed up by finite element simulations. Subsequently, the book reports on two uses of the device. In the first, high pressures are used to tune to a Van Hove singularity in Sr2RuO4, while the effects on the unconventional superconductivity and the normal state properties are investigated. In the second experiment, precise and continuous strain control is used to probe symmetry breaking and novel phase formation in the vicinity of a quantum critical point in Sr3Ru2O7.
Unification of Fractional Calculi with Applications (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #398)
by George A. AnastassiouThis book demonstrates the unifying methods of generalized versions of Hilfer, Prabhakar and Hilfer–Prabhakar fractional calculi, and we establish related unifying fractional integral inequalities of the following types: Iyengar, Landau, Polya, Ostrowski, Hilbert–Pachpatte, Hardy, Opial, Csiszar’s f-Divergence, self-adjoint operator and related to fuzziness. Our results are univariate and multivariate. This book’s results are expected to find applications in many areas of pure and applied mathematics, especially in fractional inequalities and fractional differential equations. Other interesting applications can be in applied sciences like geophysics, physics, chemistry, economics and engineering. This book is appropriate for researchers, graduate students, practitioners and seminars of the above disciplines, also to be in all science and engineering libraries.
A Unified Algebraic Approach To Control Design
by DimitriE. GrigoriadisThis text deals with the most fundamental deficiency of modern theory control: the lack of an easily applicable method for the design of low order controllers. It shows that solutions to many different problems in control all reduce to the same linear algebra problem. It employs matrix equalities and matrix inequalities in the solutions of fixed order control and also provides computational algorithms.
Unified Signal Theory
by Gianfranco CariolaroUnified Signal Theory is an indispensible textbook dealing with the theory of deterministic signals; a topic of fundamental interest to graduates and senior undergraduates in the areas of information engineering (telecommunications, control, systems theory and electronics), astronomy, oceanography, earth science, biology and medicine. The unified theory follows an innovative approach - that of combining all signal classes into just one. The fundamental signal operations (convolution, Fourier transform, linear systems, sampling and interpolation) are established simultaneously for all the signal classes. This unified approach avoids the repetition of similar concepts consequent on other approaches' separate treatment of definitions and properties for each signal class. Modern wavelet ideas are developed in harmony with the rest of the text. Unified Signal Theory provides: * exercises and examples, to give the student practice; * solutions which are available for download and save the tutor time; and * a choice of two suggested reading paths depending on the level of the student, for an enhanced learning experience. The advantages of the unified approach are many: it permits a global vision of the topic, it is economical in teaching and learning, and it can be adjusted easily to fit new applications. This textbook presents the theory in five chapters, and goes on to demonstrate specific applications such as fast Fourier transform implementation, sampling and reconstructions of signals, and multicolor modulation systems, in a further six chapters. Mathematical concepts are introduced conceptually within the body of the book with more rigorous treatment being reserved for the appendices.
Unified Theoretical Analysis of Nonlinear Multicarrier Schemes
by Paulo Montezuma Rui Dinis João GuerreiroThis book provides the analytical tools to characterize nonlinear distorted multicarrier signals and optimal/sub-optimal receivers employed in high data rate communication systems.Unified Theoretical Analysis of Nonlinear Multicarrier Schemes introduces new optimal and sub-optimal receivers for nonlinear distorted signals that can use nonlinear distortion to improve performance when compared with common receivers. It addresses the analysis of nonlinear systems with stochastic inputs and establishes new receivers designs for multi-carrier communication systems with nonlinearities. The authors also include the characterization and definition of optimum and sub-optimum receivers for nonlinear distorted signals that may use the nonlinear distortion to improve receiver performance over the existing ones. The book also includes a set of applications where the analytical unified method for characterization of nonlinear distortion can be applied. The two final chapters of the book include systems like MIMO OFDM and the extension to optical systems. These techniques are the base of 5G, Wi-fi and future 6G mobile networks.The book will be a valuable resource for design engineers, industrial engineers, applications engineers and researchers working on multi-carrier systems, power amplifiers modelling and design.
Unified Theory of Reinforced Concrete (New Directions In Civil Engineering Ser. #5)
by Thomas T.C. HsuReinforced concrete structures are subjected to a complex variety of stresses and strains. The four basic actions are bending, axial load, shear, and torsion. Presently, there is no single comprehensive theory for reinforced concrete structural behavior that addresses all of these basic actions and their interactions. Furthermore, there is little consistency among countries around the world in their building codes, especially in the specifications for shear and torsion. Unified Theory of Reinforced Concrete addresses this serious problem by integrating available information with new research data, developing one unified theory of reinforced concrete behavior that embraces and accounts for all four basic actions and their combinations. The theory is presented in a systematic manner, elucidating its five component models from a pedagogical and historical perspective while emphasizing the fundamental principles of equilibrium, compatibility, and the constitutive laws of materials. The significance of relationships between models and their intrinsic consistencies are emphasized. This theory can serve as the foundation on which to build a universal design code that can be adopted internationally. In addition to frames, the book explains the fundamental concept of the design of wall-type and shell-type structures.Unified Theory of Reinforced Concrete will be an important reference for all engineers involved in the design of concrete structures. The book can also serve well as a text for a graduate course in structural engineering.
Unified Vision for a Sustainable Future: A Multidisciplinary Approach Towards the Sustainable Development Goals
by Mir Sayed Shah DanishUnified Vision for a Sustainable Future: A Multidisciplinary Approach Towards the Sustainable Development Goals focuses on energy and the environment, highlighting interdisciplinary research, innovative strategies, and global initiatives presented at the International Conference on Collaborative Endeavors for Global Sustainability (CEGS 2024). The book explores the various pillars of sustainability – environmental, social, institutional, technical, and economic – and provides readers with case studies, practical solutions, and models for the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. The book further examines the implications of these initiatives, analyzing their potential for long-lasting, sustainable impact.This book will appeal to a broad readership. Academics, researchers, policymakers, sustainability advocates, and anyone interested in global sustainability will find the book insightful.
Unifying Electrical Engineering and Electronics Engineering: Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering
by Jingming Xia Song Xing Suting Chen Zhanming WeiUnifying Electrical Engineering and Electronics Engineering is based on the Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ICEE 2012). This book collects the peer reviewed papers presented at the conference. The aim of the conference is to unify the two areas of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. The book examines trends and techniques in the field as well as theories and applications. The editors have chosen to include the following topics; biotechnology, power engineering, superconductivity circuits, antennas technology, system architectures and telecommunication.
A Unifying Framework for Formal Theories of Novelty: Discussions, Guidelines, and Examples for Artificial Intelligence (Synthesis Lectures on Computer Vision)
by Terrance Boult Walter ScheirerThis book presents the first unified formalization for defining novelty across the span of machine learning, symbolic-reasoning, and control and planning-based systems. Dealing with novelty, things not previously seen by a system, is a critical issue for building vision-systems and general intelligent systems. The book presents examples of using this framework to define and evaluate in multiple domains including image recognition image-based open world learning, hand-writing and author analysis, CartPole Control, Image Captioning, and Monopoly. Chapters are written by well-known contributors to this new and emerging field. In addition, examples are provided from multiple areas, such as machine-learning based control problems, symbolic reasoning, and multi-player games.
Unifying Physics of Accelerators, Lasers and Plasma
by Andrei Seryi Elena SeraiaUnifying Physics of Accelerators, Lasers and Plasma introduces the physics of accelerators, lasers and plasma in tandem with the industrial methodology of inventiveness, a technique that teaches that similar problems and solutions appear again and again in seemingly dissimilar disciplines. This unique approach builds bridges and enhances connections between the three aforementioned areas of physics that are essential for developing the next generation of accelerators. A Breakthrough by Design approach, introduced in the book as an amalgam of TRIZ inventive principles and laws of technical system evolution with the art of back-of-the-envelope estimations, via numerous examples and exercises discussed in the solution manual, will make you destined to invent. Unifying Physics of Accelerators, Lasers and Plasma outlines a path from idea to practical implementation of scientific and technological innovation. This second edition has been updated throughout, with new content on superconducting technology, energy recovery, polarization, various topics of advanced technology, etc., making it relevant for the Electron-Ion Collider project, as well as for advanced lights sources, including Free Electron Lasers with energy recovery. The book is suitable for students at the senior undergraduate and graduate levels, as well as for scientists and engineers interested in enhancing their abilities to work successfully on the development of the next generation of facilities, devices and scientific instruments manufactured from the synergy of accelerators, lasers and plasma. Key Features: Introduces the physics of accelerators, lasers, and plasma in tandem with the industrial methodology of inventiveness. Outlines a path from idea to practical implementation of scientific and technological innovation. Contains more than 380 illustrations and numerous end-of-chapter exercises. Solutions manual is included into the book. The ebook is published in full colour. Boasting more than 380 illustrations, this highly visual text: Employs TRIZ to amalgamate and link different areas of science Avoids heavy mathematics, using back-of-the-envelope calculations to convey key principles Introduces the Innovation by Design approach based an amalgam of TRIZ inventive principles and laws of technical system evolution with the art of back-of-the-envelope estimations – developing and applying this methodology, you will be destined to invent Includes updated materials for all eleven chapters of the first edition, e.g., the FEL invention path analysis, etc. The second edition includes new chapters: Beam Cooling and Final Focusing, Beam Stability and Energy Recovery, Advanced Technologies The new chapters add topics such as superconducting magnets and accelerating cavities, polarized beams, energy recovery – themes relevant for new projects such as Electron-Ion Collider, or Free Electron Laser based on energy recovery for science or industry The second edition also includes a new chapter with illustrations of 40 inventive principles of TRIZ based on the areas of accelerator, laser and plasma technology Every chapter includes invention case studies, often making important connections to adjacent areas of technologies, illustrated by the case of EUV light generation invention for semiconductor lithography, etc. Includes end-of-chapter exercises focusing on physics and on applications of the inventiveness method, on reinventing technical systems and on practicing back-of-the-envelope estimations; and also includes mini-projects, suitable for exercises by teams of students Includes a detailed Guide to solutions of the exercises,
Unifying Systems: Information, Feedback, and Self-Organization
by Aarne MämmeläInterdisciplinary systems thinking is complementary but does not replace conventional disciplinary analytical thinking. The book is valuable for researchers, their advisors, and other thinkers interested in deep knowledge of science. Interdisciplinary systems thinking is valuable for three reasons: The goal of all science is a unified view of the world; we cannot solve the significant problems of our time without interdisciplinary collaboration; and general theories of systems and system archetypes support the solution to those problems. System archetypes are generic system models that have stood the test of time. As specialists within a discipline, we must be able to communicate between disciplines. Interdisciplinary generalists can offer us reliable visions and relevant research problems. The goal of interdisciplinary research is to find unified solutions to those problems. The book provides a lot of information from over a thousand sources in a structured manner to help the reader. The book includes a comprehensive chronology, vocabulary, and bibliography. The author has been a research professor in information engineering for over 25 years. During his career, he became interested in systems thinking, which is closely related to the philosophy and history of science.
Unifying Themes in Complex Systems IX: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Complex Systems (Springer Proceedings in Complexity)
by Alfredo J. Morales Carlos Gershenson Dan Braha Ali A. Minai Yaneer Bar-YamUnifying Themes in Complex Systems is a well-established series of carefully edited conference proceedings that serve to document and archive the progress made regarding cross-fertilization in this field. The International Conference on Complex Systems (ICCS) creates a unique atmosphere for scientists from all fields, engineers, physicians, executives, and a host of other professionals, allowing them to explore common themes and applications of complex systems science. With this new volume, Unifying Themes in Complex Systems continues to establish common ground between the wide-ranging domains of complex systems science.
Unifying Themes in Complex Systems X: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Complex Systems (Springer Proceedings in Complexity)
by Dan Braha Marcus A. M. de Aguiar Carlos Gershenson Alfredo J. Morales Les Kaufman Elena N. Naumova Ali A. Minai Yaneer Bar-YamThe International Conference on Complex Systems (ICCS) offers a unique interdisciplinary venue for researchers from the physical and biological sciences, social sciences, psychology and cognitive science, engineering, medicine, human systems, and global systems. This proceedings volume gathers selected papers from the conference. The New England Complex Systems Institute (NECSI) has been instrumental in the development of complex systems science and its applications. NECSI pursues research, education, knowledge dissemination, and community development efforts around the world to promote the study of complex systems and its application for the benefit of society. NECSI hosts the International Conference on Complex Systems and publishes the NECSI Book.
Unimolecular and Supramolecular Electronics II
by Robert M. MetzgerMolecular Electronic Junction Transport: Some Pathways and Some Ideas, by Gemma C. Solomon, Carmen Herrmann and Mark A. Ratner Unimolecular Electronic Devices, by Robert M. Metzger and Daniell L. Mattern Active and Non-Active Large-Area Metal-Molecules-Metal Junctions, by Barbara Branchi, Felice C. Simeone and Maria A. Rampi Charge Transport in Single Molecular Junctions at the Solid/Liquid Interface, by Chen Li, Artem Mishchenko and Thomas Wandlowski Tunneling Spectroscopy of Organic Monolayers and Single Molecules, by K. W. Hipps Single Molecule Logical Devices, by Nicolas Renaud, Mohamed Hliwa and Christian Joachim