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Tourism and National Parks: International Perspectives on Development, Histories and Change (Contemporary Geographies of Leisure, Tourism and Mobility)
by Warwick Frost C. Michael HallIn 1872 Yellowstone was established as a National Park. The name caught the public’s imagination and by the close of the century, other National Parks had been declared, not only in the USA, but also in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. Yet as it has spread, the concept has evolved and diversified. In the absence of any international controlling body, individual countries have been free to adapt the concept for their own physical, social and economic environments. Some have established national parks to protect scenery, others to protect ecosystems or wildlife. Tourism has also been a fundamental component of the national parks concept from the beginning and predates ecological justifications for national park establishment though it has been closely related to landscape conservation rationales at the outset. Approaches to tourism and visitor management have varied. Some have stripped their parks of signs of human settlement, while increasingly others are blending natural and cultural heritage, and reflecting national identities. This edited volume explores in detail, the origins and multiple meanings of National Parks and their relationship to tourism in a variety of national contexts. It consists of a series of introductory overview chapters followed by case study chapters from around the world including insights from the US, Canada, Australia, UK, Spain, France, Sweden, Indonesia, China and Southern Africa. Taking a global comparative approach, this book examines how and why national parks have spread and evolved, how they have been fashioned and used, and the integral role of tourism within national parks. The volume’s focus on the long standing connection between tourism and national parks; and the changing concept of national parks over time and space give the book a distinct niche in the national parks and tourism literature. The volume is expected to contribute not only to tourism and national park studies at the upper level undergraduate and graduate levels but also to courses in international and comparative environmental history, conservation studies, and outdoor recreation management.
Tourism and Nationalism in Nepal: A Developing Country Perspective
by Kalyan BhandariThis book explores the role of tourism in the expression of nationalism in Nepal. It investigates assemblage of images, emblems, and symbols of Nepali nationhood in various touristic representations and narratives from Nepali travellers and diasporic visitors to showcase how they express nationhood and stimulate a strong sentiment of national feeling and belonging. The book suggests that touristic settings in Nepal provide a venue for articulation of nation, first through internal ascription, that is, the construction of identity by citizens with the nation; and second, through the promotion of distinctive touristic identity through the assertion of national uniqueness and distinguishing the nation within the larger international community. Given the recent great political changes, post-conflict nation rebuilding, and development, Nepal offers a fascinating case study on the role of tourism and nationalism. This book will be of great interest to students, scholars, and professionals working in tourism and heritage studies, sociology, anthropology, geography, political science, and area studies, as well as those interested in the study of developing societies.
Tourism and Oil
by Susanne BeckenThis book is the first to examine oil constraints and tourism, and addresses one of the key challenges for the tourism industry in the future. It provides an estimate of how much oil tourism consumes globally and summarises state-of-the-art information on oil resources, oil data and public discourse. The volume also offers an analysis of the economic implications of increasing oil prices for tourism and discusses key dimensions relevant for tourism in a post peak oil world. It will be useful for tourism stakeholders globally, postgraduate students in tourism and resource management, ecological economists and those researching issues of resource efficiency, carrying capacity and global environmental change.
Tourism and Politics
by Marina Novelli Peter M. BurnsdTourism and Politics aims to disseminate ideas on the critical discourse of tourism and tourists as they relate to politics, through a series of case studies from around the world written by specialists with an emphasis on linking theory to practice. That tourism is a profoundly important economic sector for most countries and regions of the world is widely accepted, even if some of the detail remains controversial. However, as tourism matures as a subject, the theories underpinning it necessarily need to be more sophisticated; tourism cannot be simply ‘read’ as a business proposition with a series of impacts. Wider questions of politics, power and identity need to be articulated, investigated and answered. While the making and consuming of tourism takes place within complex political milieux with multiple stakeholders competing for benefit, the implications are not fully understood. Literature on tourism and politics is surprisingly limited. This book will make a substantial contribution to the theoretical framework of tourism.
Tourism and Poverty (Routledge Advances in Tourism)
by Regina ScheyvensTourism and Poverty addresses a critical question facing many academics, governments, aid agencies, tourism organizations, and conservation bodies around the world: can tourism work as a tool to overcome poverty? This book is the first to present a focused description and critique of the issues surrounding poverty and tourism. Relying on a wealth of primary data on tourism, Regina Scheyvens supports her findings with novel case studies such as innovative partnerships between resorts and fledgling indigenous businesses in Fiji, Oxfam’s work to connect the agriculture and tourism sectors in the Caribbean, and difficulties in alleviating poverty in the Maldives despite the growth of luxury tourism. This book will challenge the way academics and tourism professionals understand the current and potential role of tourism in alleviating poverty.
Tourism and Poverty Alleviation in Nature Conservation Areas: A Comparative Study Between Japan and Vietnam (Routledge Insights in Tourism Series)
by Nguyen Van HoangThis timely book delves into the intricate relationship between tourism and poverty with a specific focus on nature conservation areas, using case studies of island economies in a developed country, Japan, and a developing one, Vietnam. The volume asserts that although the concept of pro-poor tourism has often linked tourism with poverty, limited research has examined this link from diverse perspectives, including those of developed and developing countries where poverty can understand in absolute or relative forms. Notably, the book considers the voices of local residents in these areas, particularly the impoverished living in tourist destinations in Vietnam. This is essential for influencing conservation efforts and making poverty alleviation more achievable. Readers, therefore, gain an understanding of why tourism and poverty alleviation are crucial for every economy within the context of nature conservation areas.This volume is a pivotal resource for scholars in tourism, particularly those focused on teaching and researching tourism geographies and sustainable development. It holds particular significance for scholars examining emerging nations across Asia.
Tourism and Poverty Reduction: Pathways to Prosperity (Tourism, Environment And Development Ser.)
by Jonathan Mitchell Caroline AshleyTourism can reduce poverty in developing countries. But tourism growth is not universally inclusive of the poor. Moreover our understanding of how tourism affects the poor is largely based on partial and superficial analysis. Researchers from different disciplines and practitioners with different objectives generally work in splendid isolation from each other and from the mainstream of development economics. Detailed economic analysis remains buried and is rarely challenged for policy implications, let alone poverty implications. This book provides an overview of a broad array of analyses of how tourism affects poor people. First, it pulls these together to identify three main pathways by which impacts on poverty can be delivered. Second, it reviews the empirical evidence on the scale and significance of impacts within each pathway, exploring where comparisons can be made and where they cannot. Finally, it considers the different methods used to gather and collect data, and implications for how we should work in the future. Tourism and Poverty Reduction draws on international evidence throughout, but provides particular insights into Africa and other less developed countries. It makes a major contribution to a more coherent, cross-disciplinary and sensitive approach to the tourism-poverty debate.
Tourism and Poverty Reduction: Principles and impacts in developing countries
by Anna Spenceley and Dorothea MeyerOver the past decade, there have been an increasing number of publications that have analysed and critiqued the potential of tourism to be a mechanism for poverty reduction in less economically developed countries (LEDCs). This book showcases work by established and emerging researchers that provides new thinking and tests previously made assumptions, providing an essential guide for students, practitioners and academics. This book advances our understanding of the changes and ways forward in the field of sustainable tourism development. Five main themes are illustrated throughout the book: (1) measuring impacts of tourism on poverty; (2) the need to evaluate whether interventions that aim to reduce poverty are effective; (3) how unbalanced power relations and weak governance can undermine efforts; (4) the importance of the private sector’s use of pro-poor business practices; and (5) the value of using multidisciplinary and multi-method research approaches. Furthermore, the book shows that academic research findings can be used practically in destinations, and how practitioners can benefit from sharing their experiences with academic scholars.This book was based on a special issue and various articles from the Journal of Sustainable Tourism.
Tourism and Protected Areas: Benefits Beyond Boundaries
by Robyn Bushell Paul EaglesBringing together the diverse experiences of park agencies and managers, conservation NGO's and international agencies this book examines the role of tourism in protected area management.
Tourism and Regional Science: New Roads (New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives #53)
by Peter Nijkamp Karima Kourtit Soushi SuzukiThis book provides new roads, perspectives, and a synthesis for tourism and regional science research. Tourism has become one of the most dynamic sectors in the economy and has exhibited a structurally growing importance over the past decades. In many countries the economic significance of tourism now exceeds that of traditionally strong sectors like agriculture or transportation.It is noteworthy that in recent times, tourism research has gained great momentum from the perspective of: the leisure society; the psychological tension between hard work and a more relaxed lifestyle; and the productivity-enhancing or productivity-diminishing effects of leisure, recreation, and tourism. An abundance of new literature in the field of tourism management can also be found, for instance, in the areas of hospitality management, cultural events management, destination competitiveness policy and marketing, and transportation and logistics strategies, while much attention is also being paid to the opportunities provided by digital technology for the tourism sector. In addition, in the light of the many negative externalities of a rapidly growing tourism sector, there is also an abundant literature on the environmental and sustainability effects of tourism.This book has the following objectives: to explore the interwoven connection between regional science and tourism research; to suggest promising pathways for innovative regional science research at the interface of tourism and space; and to demonstrate the need for a new perspective on the tourism and regional science nexus by means of empirical studies.
Tourism and Resilience
by Harold Goodwin Susanne Becken Godfrey Baldacchino Daniel Scott Jonathan Pugh Bruno Abegg Arjen Alberts Maria Amoamo Marta Berbés-Blázquez Jeremy Buultjens Athula Chammika Gnanapala Bijan Khazai Alan A Lew Glenn McCartney Pin T. Ng Iraj Ratnayake Esteban Ruiz-Ballesteros Valerie A. Sheppard Jennifer Strickland-Munro Robert Steiger Lisa Trawöger Tsung-Chiung WuThis is the first book to address the concept of resilience and its specific application and relevance to tourism, in particular tourism destinations. Resilience relates to the ability of organisms, communities, ecosystems and populations to withstand the impacts of external forces while retaining their integrity and ability to continue functioning. It is particularly applicable to tourism destinations and attractions which are exposed to the potentially harmful and sometimes severe effects of tourism development and visitation, but which also can experience increased resilience from the economic benefits of tourism. Phenomena such as destination communities, wildlife populations and ecosystems are discussed, as well as the ability of places and communities to use tourism and its infrastructure to recover from disasters such as tsunamis, earthquakes, unrest and disease. This book: · Compares the relevance of resilience to sustainability · Contains contributions from many of the leading international authors · Brings together varying viewpoints of both conceptual and applied issues · Includes example case studies from Whistler, western Canada; Sri Lanka; Purnululu National Park, Australia; and the remote Pitcairn Island in the Pacific Tourism and Resilience is relevant for researchers, students and practitioners in tourism and related fields such as development studies, geography, sociology, anthropology, economics and business/management.
Tourism and Resilience
by Richard W. ButlerThis is the first book to address the concept of resilience and its specific application and relevance to tourism, in particular tourism destinations. Resilience relates to the ability of organisms, communities, ecosystems and populations to withstand the impacts of external forces while retaining their integrity and ability to continue functioning. It is particularly applicable to tourism destinations and attractions which are exposed to the potentially harmful and sometimes severe effects of tourism development and visitation, but which also can experience increased resilience from the economic benefits of tourism. Phenomena such as destination communities, wildlife populations and ecosystems are discussed, as well as the ability of places and communities to use tourism and its infrastructure to recover from disasters such as tsunamis, earthquakes, unrest and disease. This book: #65533; Compares the relevance of resilience to sustainability #65533; Contains contributions from many of the leading international authors #65533; Brings together varying viewpoints of both conceptual and applied issues #65533; Includes example case studies from Whistler, western Canada; Sri Lanka; Purnululu National Park, Australia; and the remote Pitcairn Island in the Pacific Tourism and Resilience is relevant for researchers, students and practitioners in tourism and related fields such as development studies, geography, sociology, anthropology, economics and business/management.
Tourism and Responsibility: Perspectives from Latin America and the Caribbean
by Ian Munt Martin Mowforth Clive CharltonThis book discusses the responsibility, or otherwise, of tourism activities in Latin America and the Caribbean. It considers issues such as the reduction of poverty through tourism and the conflict between increasing volumes of air travel spent in our continuing search for pleasure and the resulting contribution to global warming. The authors believe that tourism can only be adequately assessed through a consideration of how it fits into the structure of power. It is also argued that tourism cannot be analyzed without a consideration of its impacts on and links with development. This relationship between tourism, responsibility, power and development is explored in chapters covering both the macro and the micro level of responsibility. The authors look at methods of practising tourism responsibly or irresponsibly at the personal, company, national and international levels. The questions and dilemmas of "placing" responsibility in the tourism industry are examined throughout. Widely illustrating all these themes and issues with examples and case studies from throughout the sub-continent, this book will be of importance to students and academics and to the work of practitioners of development and tourism-related projects run by both governmental and non-governmental aid and development agencies.
Tourism and Retail: The Psychogeography of Liminal Consumption (Advances in Tourism)
by Charles McIntyreTourists are drawn to explore new environments and peoples. What better way to interact with a locality than to seek out and roam its marketplaces? The nature of tourist shopping activity thus goes beyond mere functional purchasing into multi-sensory explorations of place and space. Awareness of the shifting nature of these attractions is crucial to retailers and place marketers, in this age of the internet, in order that the physical space of the market is also social and cultural space. This book offers new perspectives on the intersection between tourism and retail research that is liminal to both fields yet central to the tourist experience, standing as an important and illuminating realm of consumer behaviour. It features a selection of multidisciplinary researchers' perspectives on tourist retail format and formation attractiveness for consumers, from the economist to the fashion retailer. By reviewing selected developments in space, place and behaviours within leisure, entertainment and recreational shopping, encompassing travel points, retail centres, sensory/festival marketplaces, leisure/cityscapes, department stores and fashion, the book offers thought-provoking insights into the past, present and future of tourist retail across a variety of global locations. Given the emphasis upon consumer experience in place and space study and the apparent importance of retail activities within the tourism sphere, this book will be valuable reading for all those interested in retail, tourism and wider socio-cultural leisure environments and behaviours.
Tourism and Social Identities
by Marina Novelli Peter M. BurnsThe making and consuming of tourism takes place within a complex social milieu, with competing actors drawing into the ‘product’ peoples’ history, culture and lifestyles. Culture and people thus become part of the tourism product. The implications are not fully understood, though the literature ranges the arguments along a continuum with culture being described on one hand as vulnerable and fixed, waiting to be ‘impacted’ by tourism and on the other being seen as vibrant and perfectly well capable of dealing with globalization and modernity trends. Some of the answers are likely to focus around ideas of social identities. The intention of this book is to make a contribution to the theoretical framework of tourism through a series of international case studies. The overall purpose of the edited book is to assemble a series of essays enabling the dissemination of ideas on the critical discourse of tourism and tourists as they relate to social and cultural identities.
Tourism and Social Marketing (Routledge International Series in Tourism, Business and Management)
by C. Michael HallSocial Marketing is the utilisation of marketing principles and methods to encourage individual and organisational behaviour change for the public good. Traditionally the domain of government it is increasingly also utilised by non-government and non-profit organisations and other institutions of civil society as a non-regulatory means to achieve policy and public good goals. At a time when concerns over tourism's contribution to undesirable environmental, economic and social change is greater than ever, social marketing strategies are important for encouraging more appropriate and desirable behaviours by tourists and the tourism industry.Tourism and Social Marketing is the first book to comprehensively detail the relevance of social marketing principles and practice to tourism, destination management and marketing. By considering this relationship and application of social marketing approaches to key issues facing contemporary tourism development, such as the environment, this book provides significant insights into how the behaviours of visitors and businesses may be changed so as to develop more sustainable forms of tourism and improve the quality of life of destination communities. It further provides a powerful impetus to the development of tourism related forms of sustainable consumption and the promotion of ethical tourism and marketing. This innovative book is comprehensive in scope by considering a variety of relevant fields relevant to tourism and social marketing practice including, health, non - profit organisations, governance, the politics of marketing and consumption, consumer advocacy and environmental and sustainable marketing. It integrates selected international cases studies to help tourism students engage with the broader debates in social marketing, governance and the politics of behaviour change and shows the relationship of theory to practice.Written by a leading authority in the field, topical and integrative, this book will be valuable reading for students, scholars and researchers in tourism.
Tourism and Socio-Economic Transformation of Rural Area: Evidence from Poland (Perspectives on Rural Policy and Planning)
by Joanna KosmaczewskaThis book aims to fill a gap in the current literature by tracing the rural transformation process and the development of rural tourism functions in Poland over the last 30 years. It examines the socioeconomic transformation between 1989 and 2019 that resulted in the formation and development of Polish rural tourism and the various practices associated with it. This timely topic is addressed in a central and eastern European context and sparks interest in further in-depth analysis due the diversity and magnitude of the transformation processes undertaken by the Polish rural areas. Since Polish rural areas constitute as much as 30% of the total rural areas in all new European Union member states, this book adds value through an in-depth statistical analysis of the pace of socioeconomic changes in Polish rural areas. It delves into the creation and consumption of tourism services locally, as well as the impact of global trends on the development of rural tourism in Poland. This book will be of interest to economists, sociologists, political scientists and postgraduate students across eastern and central Europe who deal with rural tourism issues.
Tourism and Souvenirs
by Lee Jolliffe Jenny CaveSouvenirs are part of global and local travel and tourism in all corners of the world. This book portrays souvenirs as expressions of culture and as triggers of cultural change. The volume provides critique and theorisation of souvenirs of places, people and experiences in the context of lives lived at the margins of society, politics, tourism flows and urbanisation. Case studies in sustainable tourism illustrate dynamic ways that consumers and suppliers use souvenirs to respond to, resist and (re)interpret global and local influences upon cultures across informal, hybrid and formal economies.
Tourism and Sustainability: Development, globalisation and new tourism in the Third World
by Ian Munt Martin MowforthBy January 2015 the world’s richest 80 people had as much wealth as the poorest 50 per cent of the world’s population. It is a global unevenness through which the barriers to in-migration of Third World migrants to wealthy First World nations go ever higher, while the barriers to travel in the reverse direction are all but extinct. So how exactly does tourism contribute to narrowing this glaring inequality between the rich and poor? Are ever-expanding tourism markets a smoke-free, socioculturally sensitive form of human industrialisation? Is alternative tourism really a credible lever for reducing global inequality and eliminating poverty? Tourism and Sustainability critically explores the most significant universal geopolitical norms of the last half century – development, globalisation and sustainability – and through the lens of new forms of tourism demonstrates how we can better get to grips with the rapidly changing new global order. The fourth edition has been extensively revised and updated, and benefits from the addition of new material on climate change and tourism. Drawing on a range of examples from across the Third World, Mowforth and Munt expertly illustrate the social, economic and environmental conditions that continue to affect the tourism industry. With the first edition hailed by Geoffrey Wall as ‘one of the most significant books produced on tourism [since the turn of the millennium]’, Tourism and Sustainability remains the essential resource for students of human geography, environmental sciences and studies, politics, development studies, anthropology and business studies as well as tourism itself.
Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (Routledge Advances in Tourism #Vol. 7)
by Derek Hall Greg RichardsAs the tourist industry becomes increasingly important to communities around the world, the need to develop tourism in a sustainable manner has also become a primary concern. This impressive collection of international case studies addresses this crucial issue by asking what local communities can contribute to sustainable tourism, and what sustainability can offer these local communities in return. The role of the community in environmental, cultural and economic sustainability is highlighted in an extraordinary variety of contexts, ranging from inner-city Edinburgh to rural northern Portugal and the beaches of Indonesia. Individually, the investigations in this text present a wealth of original research and source material, while collectively, they illuminate and clarify the term 'community' - the meaning of which, it is argued, is vital to understanding how sustainable tourism development can be implemented in practice.
Tourism and Trails
by Dallen J. Timothy Stephen W. BoydTrails and routes have been indispensable to travel and tourism over the centuries, helping to form the basis of mobility patterns of the past and the present. This book is the first to comprehensively examine these tourism trails from a tourism and recreation perspective. This cutting-edge volume is global in scope and discusses a wide range of natural, cultural and developed linear resources for tourism and recreation. The book is suitable for both researchers and students who are interested in cultural heritage-based tourism, recreation and leisure studies, landscape and change, human mobility, geography, environmental management, and broader interests in destination planning, development and management.
Tourism and Transport
by David Timothy DuvalThe global growth of tourism has been matched by the significant growth in transport networks. In many ways, transport and tourism can be considered mutually dependent. Understanding the dimensions of tourism requires an understanding of how transport is governed, regulated and operated and how it subsequently facilitates tourism development. This book provides an overview of the relationships between various modes and types of transport and tourism. It views transport through various lenses, including inter-governmental regulations, national government regulation, the scope of transport networks and how this influences the shape of tourism, and the marketing and management of transport operations. The book ends with some considerations for the future of transport and tourism, including the management of environmental consequences and new forms of tourism-related transport.
Tourism and Transport: Issues and Agenda for the New Millennium (Advances in Tourism Research)
by Stephen J. Page Les M. Lumsdon'Advances in Tourism Research' is a series of monographs and edited volumes that presents state-of-the-art research findings, written and edited by leading researchers working in the wider field of tourism studies. These papers focus upon how tourism and transport will develop during the 21st century.
Tourism and Travel in Ancient Egypt: Travel Like an Egyptian
by Mohammed Yehia Zakaria Z. Ahmed Becky Parker Chris PannyHow did the ancient Egyptians travel in this quaint old land thousands of years ago? What sort of transportation did they use? For how long did they go? What destinations did they visit? For which purposes did they travel? Is it correct to describe the ancient Egyptian travels as “tourism” or not? According to our current perceptions of tourism, if the Egyptians had tourism in ancient times, did they understand it as such? Which varieties of tourism did the ancient Egyptians have compared to what mankind has today? These and many more questions are answered in this ground-breaking book based on research, evidence, and artifacts by Egyptologist and Tourism expert Mohammed Ahmed. A fascinating exploration of hieroglyphs, ancient stories, language, art and more, and what they tell us about travel in ancient Egypt, while also informing our tourism experiences today. Indeed, we know that numerous aspects of the current global civilization derived from the ancient Egyptian civilization, such as writing, the scholarly calendar, medicine, architecture, festivals, chemistry, and other fields of life. The influence of the ancient Egyptian civilization on the modern world is clear. Climb aboard and tour Egypt with us - travel like an Egyptian!
Tourism and Urban Regeneration: Processes Compressed in Time and Space (Routledge Focus on Tourism and Hospitality)
by Alberto AmoreTourism and Urban Regeneration: Processes Compressed in Time and Space presents the global phenomenon of tourism and urban regeneration through the contemporary frames of spatial planning theory, metagovernance, resilience and disaster capitalism. Drawing upon cases from several cities around the globe, the book advances the field with the inclusion of examples from post-disaster rebuilding and recovery. The book is rooted in a theoretical framework that considers time, space and tourism as core facets for the analysis. By doing so, it provides readers with an understanding of different yet similar processes of urban development and identifies the principles for tourism and urban regeneration to effectively contribute to socio-economic growth, urban change and long-term sustainability. The theory is illustrated through insightful case studies covering a range of urban tourism destinations including Dubai, Newcastle, Christchurch, Pittsburgh, Detroit and Taipei. This work will be of great interest to upper-level students and researchers in Tourism as well as those in the fields of Geography, Urban Planning, and Policy and Development.