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Ecotourism (Second Edition)
by David WeaverEcotourism, second edition has been thoroughly revised to reflect contemporary developments in ecotourism. Building on the strengths of the first edition, the text discusses the significance of ecotourism in the domestic and international tourism sector. Ecotourism origins, markets, venues and impacts form the basis of the first part of the book. Business aspects of ecotourism, external environments, organisations and policies are examined in the second part of the book, along with special environments and activities such as whale watching, islands, polar regions and indigenous territories. The management of ecotourism is covered comprehensively and is illustrated by extensive industry and destination examples derived mainly from the peer-reviewed literature. A highlight of the book is a regional survey of ecotourism that offers comparative insights into ecotourism in Australia, the South Pacific, Asia, Europe, the Americas and Africa. <p><p> Ecotourism is a high yield tourist category within the national tourism industry and issues such as site planning and development, operator obligations and best practices, strategic management and the role of indigenous communities have become crucial professional and industry considerations.
Ecotourism And Cultural Production
by Veronica DavidovEcotourism is a unique facet of globalization, promising the possibility of reconciling the juggernaut of development with ecological/cultural conservation. Davidov offers a comparative analysis of the issue using a case study of indigenous Kichwa people of Ecuador and their interactions with globalization and transnational systems.
Ecotourism and Sustainable Development, Second Edition: Who Owns Paradise?
by Martha HoneyEcotourism and Sustainable Development is the most comprehensive overview of worldwide ecotourism available today, showing how both the concept and the reality have evolved over more than twenty-five years. Here Martha Honey revisits six nations she profiled in the first edition--the Galapagos Islands, Costa Rica, Tanzania, Zanzibar, Kenya, and South Africa--and adds a fascinating new chapter on the United States. She examines the growth of ecotourism within each country's tourism strategy, its political system, and its changing economic policies. Her useful case studies highlight the economic and cultural impacts of expanding tourism on indigenous populations as well as on ecosystems.
Ecotourism in Sub-Saharan Africa: Thirty Years of Practice
by Kenneth F. Backman Ian E. MunanuraSince its first mention in the academic literature, ecotourism has been endorsed by NGOs and governments as the most environmentally sound and locally beneficial method of tourist development. Over the last thirty years sub-Saharan Africa has adopted ecotourism as the primary focus for tourism development; research into this has demonstrated mixed results. In this publication, we seek to explore the actual outcomes for African countries that have developed their tourism policy around the principals and values of ecotourism. The sheer scope and magnitude of the task means that a complete evaluation of ecotourism in Africa is impossible. Instead, included here are spot assessments of various aspects of ecotourism related to conservation, policy development, environment, governance, community and indigenous peoples in southern Africa. The studies cover a wide array of countries, including Botswana, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Ghana, Zimbabwe, and South Africa. Though this is only the beginning of a needed long term evaluation of the positives and negatives of ecotourism, it provides a starting point from which to move forward. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Ecotourism.
Ecotourism: Environment, Health, and Education (Sinophone and Taiwan Studies #7)
by Wei-Ta Fang Arba'at Hassan Max HorngThis book bridges the gap on the critical issues of ecotourism and direct economic assistance to the conservation of local ecological and human resources. It covers various topics and case studies by ecotourism destination and ecotourism route from Sinophone and Taiwanese perspectives. Each chapter of this book includes comprehensive proposes as an important core value for planning and operating ecotourism. According to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this book highlights our balanced understanding of sustainable tourism from the perspective of human ecology. Ecotourism needs to integrate the perspectives of population biology, bioanthropology, biomedicine, and public health and strengthen the connection between human ecology and disease. It is here to provide a comprehensive guide to all fascinating places for ecotourism courses. We encourage the following persons to read relevant chapters: (1) ecotourism entrepreneurs: business operators such as homestays, hot springs, ecological farms, and travel agencies; (2) ecotourism researchers: scholars and experts, university (specialized) college students, primary and secondary school teachers, and other ecotourism, environmental education, resource conservation, tourism and dining, leisure and recreation, other related fields researchers; and (3) ecotourism practice management and planners.
Ecotourism: Impacts, Potentials And Possibilities?
by Stephen Wearing John NeilEcotourism: Impacts, Potentials and Possibilities analyzes the impacts of mainstream tourism in first, second and third world countries, and argues the benefits of adopting the philosophical approaches of ecotourism to create a more sustainable tourism industry in every country around the world. Conservation and ecotourism issues are now at the forefront of public opinion. The decline of natural rainforests, loss of endangered species, global warming and land degradation have galvanized public support for conservation. Building on the success of the first edition, this text has been fully revised and updated to include: updated and new international case studies a new chapter devoted to the theory and technique of Rapid Rural Appraisal (the practice whereby communities are empowered to improve their own environment) questions and further readings at the end of each chapter to facilitate student's learning critical analysis of ecotourism explores the movement of ideas around post-modern approaches to the field. Using relevant case studies, Ecotourism examines the potential positive social and environmental benefits of ecotourism and is ideal for both students of tourism and practitioners within the tourism industry. Ecotourism will also be of interest to environmental groups, land managers, academics and planners.
Ecotourism: Transitioning to the 22nd Century
by Stephen Wearing Stephen SchweinsbergSince the first edition of the title, ecotourism has become a major phenomenon in tourism and society in many countries and regions throughout the world. The profusion of experiences has generated a variety of means of theorizing, analysing and marketing ecotourism, all that have yet to be encompassed in one book. Ecotourism fills the gap by synthesising the changes in thinking and society over the last decade. This third edition has been fully revised and updated to include: updated chapters addressing modern thought and discourse, including neoliberalism, consumer culture and quality management in the ecotourism industry; critical analysis drawn from a range of theoretical frameworks, which models and advances the thinking in ecotourism towards a socio-geographical analysis; new and international case studies from emerging markets such as China and Brazil. Providing a critical introduction to the analysis of tourism from a sociological and geographical perspective, the title is essential reading for higher-level and graduate students and researchers in tourism, sociology and geography. It will also be of interest to environmental groups and practitioners.
Ecotourists Save the World
by Pamela K. Brodowsky National Wildlife FederationA comprehensive guide to environmental and wildlife volunteer programs throughout the world. This unique site-by-site guide profiles more than 300 programs where volunteers can work in a variety of activities involving conservation and study of wildlife. From the Fur Seal Project of the Earthwatch Institute in St. George Island, Alaska, or identifying and tracking wildlife in the Limpopo Nature Reserve, South Africa, to Blue World Institute's Adriatic Dolphin Project in Croatia, to the tracking program of the Open Minded Project in Kaeng Krachan National Park, Thailand, readers will learn the best ways to "give back" and make the most positive environmental impact during their travels. Each entry includes a profile of the site and organization behind it, as well as location, contact information, category, costs, dates and duration, how to apply, and field notes that include any special concerns, requirements for participation, and suitability.
Ecstatic Trails: The 52 Best Day Hikes and Nature Walks In and Around Los Angeles
by Rob CampbellLos Angeles is a hiker's perfect playground: from enchanted canyons to bountiful beaches, the range of terrain provides an almost endless variety of trails, vistas, and even weather conditions. Organized by level of difficulty, beginning with the most forgiving trails and building up to the toughest, Ecstatic Trails emphasizes the experience of the hike, guiding you to romantic hikes, trails that are right for children, thrill hikes, day trips you can build around a picnic, or intense paths perfect for solitary exploration.Everything a novice hiker or experienced trailblazer needs is here, including:--detailed maps--driving directions--restrictions, including whether dogs are permitted--the amount of time each hike is likely to take--featured elements and trail descriptionsFrom wildflower walks to dramatic waterfall treks, from sunset outings to trails that provide cool breezes in the midst of summer, Ecstatic Trails is packed with a year's worth of happy hiking.
Ecuador - Culture Smart!
by Russell MaddicksSqueezed between Colombia in the north and Peru in the south, Ecuador is named for its location on the Equator and has a landscape so varied that it has been described as a microcosm of every microclimate found in South America. This diversity makes it a magnet for tourists, mountain trekkers, volunteers, and increasing numbers of US retirees looking for a warm, culturally interesting, economical, and safe place to spend much of their time. The country is booming, thanks to high oil prices and investment in tourism, and a massive infrastructure program and the poverty-reduction measures launched by President Rafael Correa have endeared him to the poorest in society. Ecuador's multiethnic population reflects a unique blend of cultures, from traditionally dressed mountain peoples, whose ancestors inhabited their highland villages before the arrival of the Incas, to the Afro-Ecuadorians of Esmeraldas and the Chota Valley and the tribal peoples of the Amazonian rainforest. The Ecuadorians are proud, friendly, hospitable, and hardworking, but to know them well the foreign visitor needs to understand the complex historical divisions between the highlands and the coast, and the rigid class and racial hierarchy that has shaped the country's history. Culture Smart! Ecuador takes you beyond the usual descriptions of where to go and what to see, and gives you an insider's view of the people, their history, their food, and their culture. Special sections are designed to help food lovers get the most out of the menu, assist business travelers to gain an edge on the competition, and show expats, volunteers, and visitors how to meet and get on well with the Ecuadorians, who are as diverse and varied as the country's amazing geography.
Eddy County (Images of America)
by Donna Blake Birchell The Southeastern New Mexico Historical SocietyEddy County's 4,198 square miles were carved from the massive land holdings of Lincoln County, then the largest county in the United States, on February 25, 1889. Early Spanish explorers and Native Americans had used the seemingly endless water supply of the Pecos River, which bisects the county, as a trail to the north. Seven Rivers, the first settlement in the Pecos Valley, battled the newly formed town of Eddy for the honor of remaining county seat. Eddy won by a vote of 331 for and 83 against. Although born in lawlessness and diversity, the county flourished as the discoveries of oil, gas, and potash brought industry to support the established fertile agricultural and cattle foundations. This volume explores the early founding families and pioneers and brings to light many of the long-forgotten towns of Dayton, Lookout, Oriental, and Globe that helped form the Eddy County of today.
Eden (Images of America)
by Sue MinekimeFrom its inception, Eden has been a beautiful place to call home. For generations, the fertile soils of Eden have yielded outstanding fresh produce, feeding countless individuals locally and in other states. Before the days of easy travel between places, Eden had thriving retail, commercial, and industrial areas. One business still produces that unique musical instrument, the kazoo, and thanks to inventors from Eden, tractors ride more comfortably and train travel is safer. The town produced a handful of poets, a well-known artist, a concert pianist, five state assemblymen, a state senator, and a chief judge of the State of New York Court of Appeals.
Edenton and Chowan County, North Carolina (Images of America)
by Louis Van CampConveniently located between three important waterways in Eastern North Carolina, Chowan County, along with its county seat of Edenton, is a remarkable community whose roots dig deeply into the 1600s when settlers arrived from Jamestown. The steadfast Perquimans River to the east, the rapidly flowing Chowan River to the west, and the serene Edenton Bay to the south have for centuries provided means of transportation, economic endeavors, and scenic views for citizens and visitors alike. By 1750, Edenton had blossomed into a distinctly rustic and bustling community, and these water canals had greatly contributed to the needs of the county's merchants, lawyers, carpenters, and plantation workers. Edenton and Chowan County, North Carolina is an engaging pictorial history that celebrates early 20th-century lifestyles enjoyed by community members of the first unofficial colonial capital. Readers will visit ancestral plantations and the ancient labor of seine net fishing, while the Norfolk and Southern railcar-steamship John W. Garrett plies once again across the Albemarle Sound. Many of the area's earlier residents are brought to life, in word and image, while they work at the Edenton Peanut Company, the Edenton Cotton Mill, and many of the old stores that lined Main Street (now Broad Street).
Edgar Allan Poe's Baltimore
by David F. GaylinEdgar Allan Poe wrote his great works while living in several cities on the East Coast of the United States, but Baltimore's claim to him is special. His ancestors settled in the burgeoning town on the Chesapeake during the 18th century, and it was in Baltimore that he found refuge when his foster family in Virginia shut him out. Most importantly, it was here that he was first paid for his literary work. If Baltimore discovered Poe, it also has the inglorious honor of being the place that destroyed him. On October 7, 1849, he died in this city, then known as "Mob Town." Edgar Allan Poe's Baltimore is the first book to explore the poet's life in this port city and in the quaint little house on Amity Street, where he once wrote.
Edgartown (Images of America)
by A. Bowdoin Riper Martha’s Vineyard MuseumFounded in 1642 as Great Harbor, Edgartown is the oldest of Martha's Vineyard's six townships. It has been a shire town and a center of learning, a whaling port and a fishing village, a manufacturing center and a mecca for sportsmen. Its gleaming captain's houses and majestic public buildings are a testament to the wealth that whaling brought to the island in the mid-1800s, but the end of New England whaling was far from the end of its story. Faced with the loss of the industry that had sustained it, Edgartown reinvented itself as a summer-centered community of resort hotels, bathing beaches, and genteel vacation homes. It welcomed the world to its shores and became an unlikely cultural icon--a backdrop to a best-selling memoir, a political scandal, and a blockbuster film--famous for being its inimitable self.
Edgecombe County: Along the Tar River
by Monika S. FlemingEdgecombe County, in the coastal plains of North Carolina along the Tar River, was once home to the Tuscarora tribes and was founded by English immigrants from Virginia. The county swelled as an agricultural center in the cotton and textile industries, bolstered by a wealth of lumber and sustained by a thriving inland river port and railroad. Though the residents struggled through natural, industrial, and economic upheaval, their courage and fortitude endured these hardships and unified their community.
Edgecombe County: Volume II (Images of America)
by Monika S. FlemingEdgecombe County is a unique combination of beautiful pastoral scenery and strong, interestingpeople. Communities like Pinetops, Whitakers, Speed, Leggett, and Conetoe provide an excellent insight into the struggles and triumphs of traditionalAmerican small towns. In this highly anticipatedsecond volume, you will explore the social identity of Edgecombe County by taking visual tours of severalhistoric neighborhoods, schools, and churches. As with any successful region, Edgecombe County's greatest resource is its people, for the area has provided a wealth of talented citizens to the political arena, military battlefronts, the playing fields of professional sports, and the artistic community. This collection of images also honors the countless men and women who persevered through the county's periods of war, depression, and natural disaster and continued to support one another in times of need and adversity.
Edgeland: A Slow Walk West
by Sasha SwireFrom the bestselling author of Diary of an MP's Wife comes a beautiful discovery of Britain's great coastal pathIn Edgeland, the political diarist Sasha Swire escapes the confines of Westminster to walk the northern stretch of the South West Coast Path. Starting at Minehead in Somerset, she follows the well-trodden path to Land's End in Cornwall, walking it in sections over a decade-long period, returning each year like a migratory bird.The result is an immersive, beguiling and literary exploration of one of the most enigmatic, beautiful and popular coastlines on earth. It is also a contemplative and very personal response to a story about our English shore from pre-Celtic times to the present day; of the upheaval of rocks; of astonishing botany; of pilgrimage and customs; of the exploitation of resources and of dangers to come.Swire identifies how important edges are to us as she walks, not only in how we see our world but in our attitude to it. She observes that the outside limits, the borders, the line where two surfaces of a solid meet actively, encourage not only flora and fauna but people to gather, create, generate resistance and build new ways of living and working.She discovers that the path is not only a walk through Britain's windswept and wave-battered western fringes but a tale about how we and nature have, through extraordinary resilience and relentless spirit, learnt to tame the various forces that are stacked against us. That we live at the edge of the possible.
Edgeland: A Slow Walk West
by Sasha SwireFrom the bestselling author of Diary of an MP's Wife comes a beautiful discovery of Britain's great coastal pathIn Edgeland, the political diarist Sasha Swire escapes the confines of Westminster to walk the northern stretch of the South West Coast Path. Starting at Minehead in Somerset, she follows the well-trodden path to Land's End in Cornwall, walking it in sections over a decade-long period, returning each year like a migratory bird.The result is an immersive, beguiling and literary exploration of one of the most enigmatic, beautiful and popular coastlines on earth. It is also a contemplative and very personal response to a story about our English shore from pre-Celtic times to the present day; of the upheaval of rocks; of astonishing botany; of pilgrimage and customs; of the exploitation of resources and of dangers to come.Swire identifies how important edges are to us as she walks, not only in how we see our world but in our attitude to it. She observes that the outside limits, the borders, the line where two surfaces of a solid meet actively, encourage not only flora and fauna but people to gather, create, generate resistance and build new ways of living and working.She discovers that the path is not only a walk through Britain's windswept and wave-battered western fringes but a tale about how we and nature have, through extraordinary resilience and relentless spirit, learnt to tame the various forces that are stacked against us. That we live at the edge of the possible.
Edgewater (Images of America)
by Sandra Wallus Sammons Jo Anne Sikes"Do you want a beautiful winter home in Florida? Located on the highest, driest, healthiest, and most beautiful spot for a town . . ." This land company advertisement is like many we see today in Florida, but it was written over 100 years ago by the founder of Hawks Park, Dr. John Milton Hawks. Hawks Park was established in 1871, and within 15 years, it had 115 permanent residents and was a popular place for many Northerners to enjoy the warm winters along the edge of the beautiful Indian River. By 1925, the growing community became a town and adopted the more descriptive name of Edgewater. While there are more than 20,000 residents in 2005, the population of the city still swells during the winter when people follow the migrating birds and boats, seeking refuge from the snow. Although much has changed since the founding of Edgewater, rare vintage photographs will take the readers through the town's years of growth in this illustrative history.
Edimburgo y Vitoria forever
by Miguel Sánchez MedranoViajar en familia, aprender en familia, disfrutar en familia. El relato cuenta los gozos y dificultades de una familia alavesa, la pareja, Miguel y Verónica, y sus dos hijos adolescentes, Javier y Loreto. <P><P>Dejan su cómoda vida en Vitoria y establecen su residencia en la capital escocesa, con todo el espectro de problemas que esto conlleva de adaptación: escolarización, nuevas amistades, diferentes usos sociales y culturales, choque de mentalidades y dificultades idiomáticas. <P><P>El relato está lleno de reflexiones críticas y comentarios personales sobre las diferencias y semejanzas entre la sociedad escocesa, vasca y española; entre la cultura anglosajona, protestante, y los modos y maneras de nuestra cultura católica y latina; entre el nacionalismo escocés y el nacionalismo vasco; entre lo británico y lo español... <P>Todo ello en un tono coloquial, personal, sincero y desenfadado. Esta veta y las tensiones y dificultades que derivan de la presencia de un adolescente en casa dan un especial interés al relato. <P><P>El narrador hace gala de un carácter gruñón pero sentimental, lleno de buenas intenciones y con una buena capacidad de observación de los detalles de la vida cotidiana que diferencian la sociedad escocesa, vasca y española.
Edinburgh Days: Or Doing What I Want to Do
by Sam PickeringTales of meandering walks through Scotland&’s capital by an essayist known for &“often hilarious, sometimes poignant, takes on life&” (The New York Times). After a forty-year absence from the city, Sam Pickering—author, literary scholar, and inspiration for the lead character in Dead Poets Society—came to the University of Edinburgh on a fellowship in 2004. Edinburgh Days maps the transition from his life in Connecticut, defined by family, academic appointments, and the recognition of neighbors and avid acolytes, to a temporary existence on foreign soil that is at once unsettlingly isolating and curiously liberating. Part travelogue, part psychological self-study, it&’s a walking tour of the Scottish capital as well as through the labyrinth of Pickering&’s swerving moods and memories—and a look at what befalls the curious mind of an intellectual removed from the relations and responsibilities that otherwise delineate his days. His daily explorations include Edinburgh Castle, the Palace of Holyroodhouse, Castle Rock, the Museum of Childhood, the National Gallery, the Writers&’ Museum, the Museum of the People, the Huntly House, the John Knox House, the Royal Botanic Garden, and the Edinburgh Zoo, as well as neighborhood pubs, antique stores, and bookshops. Between his ambling tours, he revisits the works of writers renowned and obscure, including Robert Louis Stevenson, Samuel Smiles, John Buchan, Tobias Wolff, Russell Hoban, Patrick White, Hilaire Belloc, and Van Wyck Brooks. But it is not so much his erudition as his fascination with minutiae that infuses these essays with dynamic descriptions, quirky observations, and jesting interludes that bring the historic city to life. &“As he travels the damp, cobalt-gray streets of the great northern city, we rummage with him in old shops, follow him through gardens and graveyards, and see oft-visited monuments and museums through his fresh eyes . . . prose that glistens with natural details and an unapologetic delight in the foibles of humankind at its most genuine. We are fortunate to have Pickering as our tour guide.&” —Jay Parini, author of Borges and Me
Edinburgh Like a Local: By the People Who Call It Home (Local Travel Guide)
by Michael Clark DK Eyewitness Kenza Marland Stuart Kenny Xandra Robinson-BurnsThis isn't your ordinary travel guide. Beyond Edinburgh's iconic arts festival and hilltop castle are beautifully curated galleries, haunted alcoves, and secret distilleries in old railway buildings - and that's where this book takes you. Turn the pages to discover: The small businesses and community strongholds that add character to this vibrant city, recommended by true locals6 themed walking tours dedicated to specific experiences such as thrift store shopping and gin tastingA beautiful gift book for anyone seeking to explore EdinburghHelpful what3word addresses so that you can pinpoint all the listed sightsA range of sights and establishments that will take you well beyond the beaten pathCompiled by four proud Edinburgh residents, this stylish travel guide is packed with Edinburgh's best experiences and secret spots, handily categorized to suit your mood, whether you're a restless Edinburger on the hunt for a new hangout or a visitor keen to discover a side you won't find in traditional guidebooks, Edinburgh Like A Local will give you all the inspiration you need.Looking for another guide to Edinburgh? Explore further with our DK Eyewitness or Top 10 guides to Scotland.
Edinburgh Like a Local: By the people who call it home (Local Travel Guide)
by Michael Clark DK Eyewitness Kenza Marland Stuart Kenny Xandra Robinson-BurnsHome to winding cobblestoned streets, sprawling leafy parks, and an art scene like no other — traveling to Edinburgh is endlessly enticing.This insider&’s travel guide is packed with recommendations and tips from Edinburgers in the know, ensuring an authentic experience of this idyllic city, off the tourist track.It&’s not all about Edinburgh Castle and the National Museums. Beyond the well-trodden sights, there&’s a secret side of the city. This travel guide to Edinburgh includes: • Two-color, bold modern design with contemporary illustrations throughout • Authors are true locals and have been picked for having their fingers on the pulse and their diverse tastes. Their suggestions and advice sit alongside quotes from Edinburgh creatives, performers, volunteers and business leaders to give the book a local feel • Narrative style throughout, making the local, personal voice central to every entry • Structured by six themes and subsequent sub-themes: Eat, Drink, Shop, Art and Culture, Nightlife, and Outdoors • Each entry includes its unique address so readers can pinpoint precisely where they are heading • Each theme ends with a tour spread, dedicated to a specific interest or experience. For example, A Literary Tour of Edinburgh Old Town or A Foodie Tour of Leith Walk Whether you&’re a local wanting to explore your home town or a seasoned traveler looking for your next adventure, this beautiful Edinburgh travel guide will uncover a world of favorite hangout spots and hidden gems. Enjoy the banter at an old-school Leith boozer, brace yourself for a chilly dip at Portobello beach and browse indie boutiques that champion up-and-coming Scottish design in the elegant Georgian streets of the city's well-to-do West End.You&’ll find secret spots that only a local would know, hands-on experiences, and ideas for traveling solo, in a pair, or in a crowd. There&’s even a directory listing online resources dedicated to health and safety, accessibility, and places of worship as well as tips on how to travel sensibly in a post-Covid world without compromising on experience. Toss the usual tourist &“tick-list&”, and plan a trip to Edinburgh that you&’ll never forget! From New York and London to Paris and Amsterdam, there are more places to discover with these niche local guides! Written by the people who call it home, the Like A Local series from DK takes you beyond the tourist track to experience the heart and soul of each city!
Edinburgh: A Traveller's Reader (A Traveller's Companion)
by Prof David DaichesEdinburgh is a city whose history is written on its face. The Old Town on its crowded rock, sloping down from the Castle to Holyroodhouse, has not significantly changed its atmosphere since the turbulent fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, when riots, processions, or public executions jammed the High Street. And the very different era that followed the bloody religious wars of the seventeenth century is epitomized by the elegant streets and squares of the New Town - the eighteenth-century Enlightenment whose writers, philosophers and lawyers made Edinburgh famous. This anthology of extracts from letters, memoirs, diaries, novels and biographies of interesting visitors and inhabitants, including the writings of Scott, Boswell, Cockburn, John Knox and many others, recreates for today's visitors the drama, the history, and the life of the city in buildings and places that can still be visited. The daring Scottish recapture of the Castle from the English in 1313; the confrontation between Calvinist John Knox and Catholic Mary Queen of Scots in Holyroodhouse; an eye-witness account of the execution of Montrose at the Mercat Cross in 1650; reeking slop-pails in the wynds and polite manners in the ballrooms. . .