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Finite Elements Using Maxima: Theory and Routines for Rods and Beams
by Andreas Öchsner Resam MakvandiThis book provides a study aid on the finite element method. Based on the free computer algebra system “Maxima”, it presents routines to symbolically or numerically solve problems in the context of plane truss and frame structures. This allows readers to not only check classical “hand calculations” but also understand the computer implementation of the method. The mechanical theories focus on the classical one-dimensional structural elements, i.e. bars, Euler–Bernoulli and Timoshenko beams as well as their combination to generalized beam elements. Focusing on one-dimensional elements reduces the complexity of the mathematical framework and the resulting matrix equations can still be displayed with all components, and not only in a symbolic representation. The use of a computer algebra system and the incorporated functions, e.g. for equation solving, highlights the methodology of the finite element method rather than standard procedures.The book is based on the Springer Brief “Finite Elements for Truss and Frame Structures” (978-3-319-94940-6) by the same authors.
Finite Mathematics: For The Managerial, Life, And Social Sciences
by Soo T. TanFINITE MATHEMATICS FOR THE MANAGERIAL, LIFE, AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, Twelfth Edition, is a clear, easy-to-follow text that balances contemporary mathematics applications and the latest technology to help give you the key problem-solving skills you need for your life and career in the 21st century. Real-world applications put math concepts in context and cover topics including social media accounts, corporate fraud, criminal justice, cyber privacy, starting a new job, gas prices, smartphone ownership, mobile ad revenues, and more.
Finite Mathematics as the Foundation of Classical Mathematics and Quantum Theory: With Applications to Gravity and Particle Theory
by Felix LevThis book delves into finite mathematics and its application in physics, particularly quantum theory. It is shown that quantum theory based on finite mathematics is more general than standard quantum theory, whilst finite mathematics is itself more general than standard mathematics.As a consequence, the mathematics describing nature at the most fundamental level involves only a finite number of numbers while the notions of limit, infinite/infinitesimal and continuity are needed only in calculations that describe nature approximately. It is also shown that the concepts of particle and antiparticle are likewise approximate notions, valid only in special situations, and that the electric charge and baryon- and lepton quantum numbers can be only approximately conserved.
Finite Mathematics for Business, Economics, Life Sciences, and Social Sciences (Thirteenth Edition)
by Raymond A. Barnett Michael R. Ziegler Karl E. ByleenLearn about the math that will help you in many careers and academic disciplines.
Finite Quantum Electrodynamics: The Causal Approach, Third Edition (Dover Books on Physics)
by Gunter ScharfIn this classic text for advanced undergraduates and graduate students of physics, author Günter Scharf carefully analyzes the role of causality in quantum electrodynamics. His approach offers full proofs and detailed calculations of scattering processes in a mathematically rigorous manner. This third edition contains Scharf's revisions and corrections plus a brief new Epilogue on gauge invariance of quantum electrodynamics to all orders. The book begins with Dirac's theory, followed by the quantum theory of free fields and causal perturbation theory, a powerful method that avoids ultraviolet divergences and solves the infrared problem by means of the adiabatic limit. Successive chapters explore properties of the S-matrix -- such as renormalizability, gauge invariance, and unitarity -- the renormalization group, and interactive fields. Additional topics include electromagnetic couplings and the extension of the methods to non-abelian gauge theories. Each chapter is supplemented with problems, and four appendixes conclude the text.
Finite Sample Analysis in Quantum Estimation
by Takanori SugiyamaIn this thesis, the author explains the background of problems in quantum estimation, the necessary conditions required for estimation precision benchmarks that are applicable and meaningful for evaluating data in quantum information experiments, and provides examples of such benchmarks. The author develops mathematical methods in quantum estimation theory and analyzes the benchmarks in tests of Bell-type correlation and quantum tomography with those methods. Above all, a set of explicit formulae for evaluating the estimation precision in quantum tomography with finite data sets is derived, in contrast to the standard quantum estimation theory, which can deal only with infinite samples. This is the first result directly applicable to the evaluation of estimation errors in quantum tomography experiments, allowing experimentalists to guarantee estimation precision and verify quantitatively that their preparation is reliable.
Finite Time and Cooperative Control of Flight Vehicles (Advances in Industrial Control)
by Yuanqing Xia Jinhui Zhang Kunfeng Lu Ning ZhouThis book focuses on the finite-time control of attitude stabilization, attitude tracking for individual spacecraft, and finite-time control of attitude synchronization. It discusses formation reconfiguration for multiple spacecraft in complex networks, and provides a new fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode surface (FNTSMS). Further, it presents newly designed controllers and several control laws to enhance the performance of spacecraft systems and meet related demands, such as strong disturbance rejection and high-precision control. As such, the book establishes a fundamental framework for these topics, while also highlighting the importance of integrated analysis. It is a useful resource for all researchers and students who are interested in this field, as well as engineers whose work involves designing flight vehicles.
Finite-Time Stability and Control
by Francesco Amato Roberto Ambrosino Marco Ariola Carlo Cosentino Gianmaria De TommasiFinite-time stability (FTS) is a more practical concept than classical Lyapunov stability, useful for checking whether the state trajectories of a system remain within pre-specified bounds over a finite time interval. In a linear systems framework, FTS problems can be cast as convex optimization problems and solved by the use of effective off-the-shelf computational tools such as LMI solvers. Finite-time Stability and Control exploits this benefit to present the practical applications of FTS and finite-time control-theoretical results to various engineering fields. The text is divided into two parts: · linear systems; and · hybrid systems. The building of practical motivating examples helps the reader to understand the methods presented. Finite-time Stability and Control is addressed to academic researchers and to engineers working in the field of robust process control. Instructors teaching graduate courses in advanced control will also find parts of this book useful for their courses.
Finite Time Thermodynamics of Power and Refrigeration Cycles
by Pramod Kumar Shubhash C. Kaushik Sudhir K. TyagiThis book addresses the concept and applications of Finite Time Thermodynamics to various thermal energy conversion systems including heat engines, heat pumps, and refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. The book is the first of its kind, presenting detailed analytical formulations for the design and optimisation of various power producing and cooling cycles including but not limited to: * Vapour power cycles* Gas power cycles* Vapour compression cycles* Vapour absorption cycles* Rankine cycle coupled refrigeration systems Further, the book addresses the thermoeconomic analysis for the optimisation of thermal cycles, an important field of study in the present age and which is characterised by multi-objective optimization regarding energy, ecology, the environment and economics. Lastly, the book provides the readers with key techniques associated with Finite Time Thermodynamics, allowing them to understand the relevance of irreversibilities associated with real processes and the scientific reasons for deviations from ideal performance. The book is aimed at a broad readership, and offers a valuable reference book for graduate students, scholars and professionals working in the areas of thermal science and engineering.
Finite Volumes for Complex Applications IX - Methods, Theoretical Aspects, Examples: FVCA 9, Bergen, Norway, June 2020 (Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics #323)
by Jürgen Fuhrmann Robert Klöfkorn Eirik Keilegavlen Florin A. RaduThe proceedings of the 9th conference on "Finite Volumes for Complex Applications" (Bergen, June 2020) are structured in two volumes. The first volume collects the focused invited papers, as well as the reviewed contributions from internationally leading researchers in the field of analysis of finite volume and related methods. Topics covered include convergence and stability analysis, as well as investigations of these methods from the point of view of compatibility with physical principles. Altogether, a rather comprehensive overview is given on the state of the art in the field. The properties of the methods considered in the conference give them distinguished advantages for a number of applications. These include fluid dynamics, magnetohydrodynamics, structural analysis, nuclear physics, semiconductor theory, carbon capture utilization and storage, geothermal energy and further topics. The second volume covers reviewed contributions reporting successful applications of finite volume and related methods in these fields. The finite volume method in its various forms is a space discretization technique for partial differential equations based on the fundamental physical principle of conservation. Many finite volume methods preserve further qualitative or asymptotic properties, including maximum principles, dissipativity, monotone decay of free energy, and asymptotic stability, making the finite volume methods compatible discretization methods, which preserve qualitative properties of continuous problems at the discrete level. This structural approach to the discretization of partial differential equations becomes particularly important for multiphysics and multiscale applications. The book is a valuable resource for researchers, PhD and master’s level students in numerical analysis, scientific computing and related fields such as partial differential equations, as well as engineers working in numerical modeling and simulations.
Finn's Thermal Physics
by Andrew Rex C.B.P. FinnThis fully updated and expanded new edition continues to provide the most readable, concise, and easy-to-follow introduction to thermal physics. While maintaining the style of the original work, the book now covers statistical mechanics and incorporates worked examples systematically throughout the text. It also includes more problems and essential updates, such as discussions on superconductivity, magnetism, Bose-Einstein condensation, and climate change. Anyone needing to acquire an intuitive understanding of thermodynamics from first principles will find this third edition indispensable. Andrew Rex is professor of physics at the University of Puget Sound in Tacoma, Washington. He is author of several textbooks and the popular science book, Commonly Asked Questions in Physics.
Finn's Thermal Physics
by Andrew Rex C.B.P. FinnThis fully updated and expanded new edition continues to provide the most readable, concise, and easy-to-follow introduction to thermal physics.While maintaining the style of the original work, the book now covers statistical mechanics and incorporates worked examples systematically throughout the text. It also covers more problems, and incorporates some essential updates, such as discussions on superconductivity, magnetism, Bose-Einstein condensation, and climate change.Anyone who needs to acquire an intuitive understanding of thermodynamics from the first principles will find this third edition indispensable.Selling Points• Provides the most concise and accessible introduction to thermodynamics starting from first principles, with many more worked examples and problems.• Incorporates statistical mechanics in two brand-new chapters.• Systematically incorporates more worked examples after introducing a new concept to show what the results mean numerically.• Continues to address the subtleties in a way unmatched by any other text, for topics such as the meaning of thermodynamic functions.• Offers a significant update on areas such as superconductivity, magnetism, Bose-Einstein condensation, climate change, and physics of information.Andrew Rex is a professor of physics at the University of Puget Sound in Tacoma, Washington. He earned a BA in physics at Illinois Wesleyan University in 1977 and a PhD in physics at the University of Virginia in 1982. At Virginia he worked under the direction of Bascom S. Deaver Jr on the development of new superconducting materials. After completing requirements for his PhD, he joined the faculty at Puget Sound. Dr Rex’s primary research interest is in the foundations of the second law of thermodynamics. He has published research articles and, jointly with Harvey Leff, two comprehensive monographs on the subject of Maxwell’s demon (1990, 2003). Dr Rex has coauthored several widely used textbooks—Modern Physics for Scientists and Engineers (1993, 2000, 2006, 2013, 2021), Integrated Physics and Calculus (2000), and Essential College Physics (2010, 2021)—and the popular science book Commonly Asked Questions in Physics, also published by Taylor & Francis/CRC Press.
Fins Furs and Feathers: Abraham Dee Bartlett And The Invention Of The Modern Zoo
by Cassandre MaxwellAbraham Dee Bartlett knew from a young age that he wanted to spend his life working with animals. But in Victorian London, there weren’t many jobs that provided an opportunity to do that. Still, Abraham spent years gaining knowledge and pursuing his dream until he eventually became superintendent in the London Zoo. Driven by his compassion for the animals, Abraham dramatically improved the conditions of the zoo to ensure that the animals could be happy and healthy. With engaging back matter and charming illustrations, Cassandre Maxwell’s book brings to life the little-known story of the man who helped to create the modern zoo.
Fins, Wings, and Legs
by Margaret Clyne Rachel GriffithsComplete Classroom Library includes one each of the following: Math LibraryScience LibrarySocial Studies LibraryContent Area Classroom Libraries include: 1 display box containing 10 6-packs (60 little books)1 Teacher Resource Portfolio1 Assessment Book (where available)Big Book Collection includes: 10 Big Books for Science10 Big Books for Social Studies10 Big Books for MathClassroom Library Add-on Packs include 1 copy of each title from the social studies, science, and math libraries. Add-On Packs include 1 copy of each title.
Fintech and Sustainability: How Financial Technologies Can Help Address Today’s Environmental and Societal Challenges
by Thomas Walker Harry Turtle Maher Kooli Elaheh NikbakhtFintech can improve sustainability, influence policies, and require new regulations. Climate change, water pollution, and non-renewable resources management can all be addressed with fintech innovations. Despite the advantages offered by fintech, opponents warn of potential negative consequences. The application of fintech in sustainability is a double-edged sword requiring further investigation. This book provides an overview of fintech applications and considers their impact on the future of sustainable finance. It explores how financial technologies can enhance the sustainability of investment and corporate decisions and contribute to the fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). By considering practitioner and academic views, it examines whether and how fintech can improve sustainable practices, potential threats with possible solutions, and policies and regulations designed to improve sustainability benefits.
Fintech-Lexikon: Begriffe für die digitalisierte Finanzwelt
by Stefan Huch Rainer AltDieses Buch hilft dem Leser im Umfeld der Digitalisierung bei der Begriffsklärung und stellt einschlägiges Know-how zur Verfügung. Was bedeutet 42? Was ist eine Subchain? Was ist der Unterschied zwischen Robotics und Artificial Intelligence? Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf den Entwicklungen, die seit 2010 mit der Digitalisierung unter dem Namen "Financial Technology" eine zunehmende Verbreitung erlebt haben. Die Begrifflichkeiten umfassen grundlegende Begriffe, die Eingang in die allgemeine Sprache gefunden haben, wie etwa Artificial Intelligence oder Blockchain, aber auch fachspezifische Termini, die für das Verständnis der einzelnen Technologien notwendig sind (zum Beispiel 42, Nonce). Die Fintech-Terminologie bietet dem Leser einen konzisen und gleichzeitig anschaulich dargestellten alphabetisch geordneten Überblick mit den darin enthaltenen praxisorientierten Antworten.
Fire: Fundamentals and Control
by Walter M. HaesslerThis book is devoted to the complex nature of fire, the intricasies of the combustion process, the influence of chemical and physical properties of fuels, and the proper means of fire extinguishment. It lists sequentially the various factors in the combustion process.
Fire
by Sebastian JungerSebastian Junger details his first-hand experiences as he describes fire fighting. As a seasoned journalist he travels the world and brings the reader face to face with many crises.
Fire Ants And Leaf-cutting Ants: Biology And Management
by Clifford S. Lofgren Robert K. Vander MeerThe 1985 Research Conference on Fire Ants and Leaf-Cutting Ants covered the most recent developments in research and control of these insect pests of the New World tropical and subtropical zones, the southern United States, South and Central America, and the Caribbean Islands. This volume contains chapters that discuss the history and economics, biology and ecology, behavior, pheromones and other semiochemicals, physiology, and biochemistry of fire ants and leaf-cutting ants, as well as current and future control strategies. The information provided illustrates past and present agricultural and medical problems associated with these pest ants; however, it also brings out the point that they may at times be beneficial. The chapters on basic aspects of the biology and ecology of the ants provide up-to-date information that is useful for a more complete understanding of their social behavior and the unique symbiotic relationship between leaf-cutting ants and their fungi. New approaches to control are illustrated by innovative research on anti-feedant chemicals from plants that prevent feeding by leaf-cutting ants. The present status of chemical baits and biocontrol is addressed, as well as the possibilities of future novel methods based on the use of anti-metabolites, insect hormones, behavior modifying substances, and species-specific toxic bait systems to create integrated pest management systems.
Fire Ecology and Management: Past, Present, and Future of US Forested Ecosystems (Managing Forest Ecosystems #39)
by Cathryn H. Greenberg Beverly CollinsThis edited volume presents original scientific research and knowledge synthesis covering the past, present, and potential future fire ecology of major US forest types, with implications for forest management in a changing climate. The editors and authors highlight broad patterns among ecoregions and forest types, as well as detailed information for individual ecoregions, for fire frequencies and severities, fire effects on tree mortality and regeneration, and levels of fire-dependency by plant and animal communities. The foreword addresses emerging ecological and fire management challenges for forests, in relation to sustainable development goals as highlighted in recent government reports. An introductory chapter highlights patterns of variation in frequencies, severities, scales, and spatial patterns of fire across ecoregions and among forested ecosystems across the US in relation to climate, fuels, topography and soils, ignition sources (lightning or anthropogenic), and vegetation. Separate chapters by respected experts delve into the fire ecology of major forest types within US ecoregions, with a focus on the level of plant and animal fire-dependency, and the role of fire in maintaining forest composition and structure. The regional chapters also include discussion of historic natural (lightning-ignited) and anthropogenic (Native American; settlers) fire regimes, current fire regimes as influenced by recent decades of fire suppression and land use history, and fire management in relation to ecosystem integrity and restoration, wildfire threat, and climate change. The summary chapter combines the major points of each chapter, in a synthesis of US-wide fire ecology and forest management into the future.This book provides current, organized, readily accessible information for the conservation community, land managers, scientists, students and educators, and others interested in how fire behavior and effects on structure and composition differ among ecoregions and forest types, and what that means for forest management today and in the future.
Fire Ecology in Rocky Mountain Landscapes
by William L. BakerFire Ecology in Rocky Mountain Landscapes brings a century of scientific research to bear on improving the relationship between people and fire. In recent years, some scientists have argued that current patterns of fire are significantly different from historical patterns, and thatlandscapes should be managed with an eye toward reestablishing past fire regimes. At the policy level, state and federal agencies have focused on fuel reduction and fire suppression as a means of controlling fire. Geographer William L. Baker takes a different view, making the case that the available scientific data show that infrequent episodes of large fires followed by long interludes with few fires led to naturally fluctuating landscapes, and that the best approach is not to try to change or control fire but to learn to live with it. In Fire Ecology in Rocky Mountain Landscapes, Baker reviews functional traits and responses of plants and animals to fire at the landscape scale; explains how scientists reconstruct the history of fire in landscapes; elaborates on the particulars of fire under the historical range of variability in the Rockies; and considers the role of Euro-Americans in creating the landscapes and fire situations of today. In the end, the author argues that the most effective action is to rapidly limit and redesign people-nature interfaces to withstand fire, which he believes can be done in ways that are immediately beneficial to both nature and communities.
Fire Ecology of Pacific Northwest Forests
by James K AgeeThe structure of most virgin forests in the western United States reflects a past disturbance history that includes forest fire. James K. Agee, an expert in the emergent field of fire ecology, analyzes the ecological role of fire in the creation and maintenance of natural western forests, focusing primarily on forest stand development patterns. His discussion of the natural fire environment and the environmental effects of fire is applicable to a wide range of temperate forests.
Fire Hazard and Fire Resistance of Wooden Structures
by Sivenkov Andrey Borisovich Berlin Alexander Alexandrovich Mukhamedgaliev Bakhtiyor Abdukadirovich Almenbayev Mirzhan Maratovich Makishev Zhandos Kuandykovich Berik Zhambulovich RakhmetulinThis monograph discusses fire hazard and fire resistance in wooden structures with a long duration of operation. Aside from its increasing importance for modern architecture, wood has been the most important building material in the past. It has a distinct aesthetic, high mechanical strength, and resistance against many environmental changes. These properties are evident in structures like the still standing Grinstead Chuch, which has been built in 1045. Readers will however learn about the decreasing fire resistance in wooden buildings with a long service live. Considering the cultural value of medieval wood buildings, this topic becomes increasingly relevant. The chapters discuss the mechanical, physico-chemical and thermophysical properties of wooden structures over different lifespans. Many factors contributing to the changing fire resistance in the ageing process of wooden structures, are explained. This book is a valuable resource for students, teachers and scientists in the areas of wood science, fire research and forestry.
Fire Hazard Assessment of Lithium Ion Battery Energy Storage Systems
by Andrew F. Blum R. Thomas LongProviding a concise overview of lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery energy storage systems (ESSs), this book also presents the full-scale fire testing of 100 kilowatt hour (kWh) Li-ion battery ESSs. It details a full-scale fire testing plan to perform an assessment of Li-ion battery ESS fire hazards, developed after a thorough technical study. It documents the results of the testing plan including external and internal ignition testing, ESS positioning, temperature and heat flux measurements, pressure measurement, weather meters, and data acquisition systems. A comprehensive literature review and gap analysis reveal the current state of research into this vital aspect of energy storage. The authors cover the characteristics and hazards of Li-ion batteries, their anatomy and design, commercial and residential ESSs, historical fire incidents, and ESS codes and regulations. Researchers and professionals working in fire protection engineering, battery systems engineering, or energy storage will find this book a useful example of a fire testing plan. The results of the hazard assessment offer insights for those involved in electrical, fire, and building codes, as well as practitioners in design standards and fire testing.
Fire Hazards: Socio-economic and Regional Issues
by Jesús Rodrigo-Comino Luca SalvatiThe open access book aims to show the readers novel, relevant and reproducible power of synergistic collaborations between European research groups and stakeholders with the objective to synthesize the existing knowledge and expertise about fire management and hazard and defining a concerted research agenda that promotes an integrated approach to create fire-resilient landscapes, taking into account biological, biochemical and physical, but also socio-economic, historical, geographical, sociological, perception and policy constraints. This is an urgent societal need due to the expected further intensification and geographical spreading of wildfire regimes under Global Change. Fire has been part of the Earth's System for the last 400 million years, and humans are the sole species that controls and manages fire. We have used fire for over a million years, both, as hunter-gatherers managing the landscape with fire and as farmers using fire as a low-cost, efficient and ecological tool for clearing and maintaining the productivity of the land. Fire has been highlighted as the most influential element in the development of human societies. The increase in prolonged dry and hot periods observed in many regions of the world is exacerbating the risk of fire. The causes of increased fire risk are not only linked to climate change but are also a consequence of economic and social changes and political decisions. Over the past few decades, many countries’ rural areas have seen significant depopulation and a reduction in land management as residents moved to cities or even other countries in search of work. The resulting rural depopulation has led to revegetation of the abandoned agricultural land, which favors fire spread. The enhanced risk of fires is moving beyond the capacity of even the best-funded wildland firefighting teams and therefore calls for the development of new approaches to fire management that are key nowadays at different scales. Instead of focusing primarily on increasing firefighting capabilities, a more effective approach is needed that focuses on long-term fire prevention through vegetation management by reducing fuel load or managing fuel type and fuel continuity at a landscape level. FIRElinks (COST Action CA18135) is developing the EU-spanning network of scientists and practitioners involved in forest fire research and land management with backgrounds such as fire dynamics, fire risk management, fire effects on vegetation, fauna, soil and water and socio-economic, historical, geographical, political perception and land management approaches. Among the different Working Groups, number 5 is aimed to connect communities from different scientific and geographic backgrounds, allowing the discussion of different experiences and the emergence of new approaches to fire research, human management, regional issues and socio-economic aspects.