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Dynamic and Precise Engineering Surveying
by Qingquan LiDriven by the increasingly expanding needs of infrastructure construction, operation and maintenance, as well as the rapid developments of intelligent sensing and information technology, precise engineering surveying has been transformed from static, discrete, and manual into dynamic, continuous, and intelligent ways. This transformation leads to an advanced multidisciplinary field, dynamic and precise engineering surveying, on which the author has worked for over two decades. This book systematically summarizes the fundamentals, methods, and applications in dynamic and precise engineering surveying. The contents mainly include two parts: the first part introduces principles and methods of dynamic and precise engineering surveying; the second part presents representative applications in which innovative methods and advanced equipment are applied in the construction, operation and maintenance of mega and complex infrastructures.Readers engaged in surveying and mapping, civil engineering, water conservancy engineering, railway engineering, electronic information, and computer science, including undergraduates, graduates, researchers and engineers, will find it an informative reference.
Proceedings of AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2022—Volume 2: AICCE, Sustainability and Resiliency (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #385)
by Nuridah SabtuThis book gathers the latest research, innovations, and applications in the field of civil engineering, as presented by leading national and international academics, researchers, engineers, and postgraduate students at the AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2022 (AICCE’22), held in Penang, Malaysia on February 15-17, 2022. The book covers highly diverse topics in the main fields of civil engineering, including structural and earthquake engineering, environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, highway and transportation engineering, water resources engineering, and geomatic and construction management. In line with the conference theme, “Sustainability And Resiliency: Re-Engineering the Future”, which relates to the United Nations’ 17 Global Goals for Sustainable Development, it highlights important elements in the planning and development stages to establish design standards beneficial to the environment and its surroundings. The contributions introduce numerous exciting ideas that spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations between various specialists in the field of civil engineering.This book is part of a 3-volume series of these conference proceedings, it represents Volume 2 in the series.
Proceedings of AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2022—Volume 1: AICCE, Sustainability and Resiliency (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #384)
by Nuridah SabtuThis book gathers the latest research, innovations, and applications in the field of civil engineering, as presented by leading national and international academics, researchers, engineers, and postgraduate students at the AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2022 (AICCE’22), held in Penang, Malaysia on February 15-17, 2022. The book covers highly diverse topics in the main fields of civil engineering, including structural and earthquake engineering, environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, highway and transportation engineering, water resources engineering, and geomatic and construction management. In line with the conference theme, “Sustainability And Resiliency: Re-Engineering the Future”, which relates to the United Nations’ 17 Global Goals for Sustainable Development, it highlights important elements in the planning and development stages to establish design standards beneficial to the environment and its surroundings. The contributions introduce numerous exciting ideas that spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations between various specialists in the field of civil engineering.This book is part of a 3-volume series of these conference proceedings, it represents Volume 1 in the series.
Proceedings of AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2022 - Volume 3: AICCE, Sustainability and Resiliency (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #386)
by Nuridah SabtuThis book gathers the latest research, innovations, and applications in the field of civil engineering, as presented by leading national and international academics, researchers, engineers, and postgraduate students at the AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2022 (AICCE’22), held in Penang, Malaysia on February 15-17, 2022. The book covers highly diverse topics in the main fields of civil engineering, including structural and earthquake engineering, environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, highway and transportation engineering, water resources engineering, and geomatic and construction management. In line with the conference theme, “Sustainability And Resiliency: Re-Engineering the Future”, which relates to the United Nations’ 17 Global Goals for Sustainable Development, it highlights important elements in the planning and development stages to establish design standards beneficial to the environment and its surroundings. The contributions introduce numerous exciting ideas that spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations between various specialists in the field of civil engineering.This book is part of a 3-volume series of these conference proceedings, it represents Volume 3 in the series.
Research on Destruction of the North China Craton (Reports of China’s Basic Research)
by Rixiang ZhuThis book mainly introduces overview of “Destruction of the North China Craton”, a major research plan of NSFC. It summarizes the scientific ideas, core key scientific issues, scientific research objectives, and models of the major research plan of "Destruction of the North China Craton". From the perspective of major national needs and scientific discipline development, the book focuses on the following aspects: the temporal and spatial distribution range, process, and mechanism of the NCC destruction; the properties, structure, and interaction of materials in different spheres in the earth during craton destruction; the shallow effect of craton destruction; and the control mechanism of mineral resources, energy, and disasters. The book also makes a strategic prospect for the study of global dynamics and improves human understanding of the formation and evolution of continents.
Exploring Quantum Contextuality with Photons (Springer Theses)
by Zheng-Hao LiuThis thesis highlights research explorations in quantum contextuality with photons.Quantum contextuality is one of the most intriguing and peculiar predictions of quantum mechanics. It is also a cornerstone in modern quantum information science. It is the origin of the famous quantum nonlocality and various nonclassical paradoxes. It is also a resource for many quantum information processing tasks and even universal quantum computing. Therefore, the study of quantum contextuality not only advances the comprehension of the foundations of quantum physics, but also facilitates the practical applications of quantum information technology.In the last fifteen years, the study of quantum contextuality has developed from a purely theoretical level to a stage where direct experimental tests become amenable. However, the experimental research on contextuality at the current stage largely focuses on direct validations of some most famous predictions of contextuality, while other forms of contextuality and its practical applications in quantum information science are rarely involved. The research in this thesis is committed to bridge this gap from two directions: (1) to construct and test stronger forms of contextuality and relieve the requirements of contextuality experiments on experimental platforms, and (2) to explore the connections between contextuality and the other concepts in quantum information science and directly demonstrate the application of contextuality in broader scenarios. Specifically, the thesis have discussed the research topics about the relationship between quantum contextuality and nonlocality, the “all-versus-nothing” paradoxes from quantum contextuality, the ore- and post-selection paradoxes from quantum contextuality, and the topological protection and braiding dynamics of quantum contextuality in quasiparticle systems.
Emerging Trends in Composite Structures: Select Proceedings of ICC-IDEA 2023 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #387)
by Md. Abdul Mannan R. Sathyanathan N. Umamaheswari Hemant S. ChoreThis book presents the select proceedings of International Conference on Civil Engineering: Innovative Development in Engineering Advances (ICC IDEA 2023). This book covers the latest research in the areas of structural engineering and health monitoring, steel and composite structure, bridge and tunnel engineering, earthquake engineering, disaster management, and coastal and harbor engineering. The book is useful for researchers and professionals in related fields of civil engineering.
Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical-Chemical Processes in Fractured Rocks: Fundamentals, Modeling and Applications
by Zhihong ZhaoThis book presents the coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical-Chemical (THMC) processes in fractured rocks at varying scales from single fractures to fracture networks. It also discussed the implication and potential application of the advanced understanding of coupled THMC processes in fractured rocks for geotechnical and geo-energy engineering.
Indo-Pacific Smart Megacity System: Emerging Architecture and Megacity Studies (Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements)
by T. M. Vinod KumarThis book is an in-depth study of the Indo-Pacific region for effective interventions in the megacities system. First, based on several criteria, the region is identified as homogeneous country groupings of diversity, a multi-polar spatial system, and as program regions of QUAD and I2U2 for action programs and investment transcending many nations but mostly the ocean space of the Indo-Pacific, connecting all megacities sub-regions spatially and functionally. Then, the megacities with problems and prospects for economic integration are studied from the point of view of regional economics and international trade, and finally, the rural–urban interface with case studies of selected countries is presented. Prospects of systems of megacities and individual megacities for regional economies are designed. Existing interconnections through rail, air, and ocean of megacity systems, their capacity, performance, and potential are analyzed for emerging issues. International trade among the megacity systems/countries with emerging issues and barriers are presented. The mobility of money, goods, and services among the systems of megacities is analyzed. Rule-based diplomacy and other emerging options are discussed to sustain the above calls for a study of the Security of the Indo-Pacific region. Finally, the emerging architecture for megacity system governance is also presented.Out of 21 megacities in the Indo-Pacific, an in-depth study of a few in India and Japan in the Indo-Pacific region for effective economic interventions in the megacities system at the city level was studied. COVID-19 has affected most of the countries in the Indo-Pacific. With a contraction of GDP and a GDP growth rate negative, the number below the poverty level increased. Foreign Direct Investment is not forthcoming in any of these countries. Job creation becomes a priority in addition to public health concerns connected with COVID-19.
Recent Advances in Civil Engineering: Select Proceedings of ICC-IDEA 2023 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #398)
by Krishna R. Reddy P. T. Ravichandran R. Ayothiraman Anil JosephThis book presents the select proceedings of International Conference on Civil Engineering: Innovative Development in Engineering Advances (ICC-IDEA 2023). This book covers the latest research in the areas of geotechnical engineering, geomatics, geosciences, remote sensing, geographical information systems, surveying and geo-spatial engineering, environmental engineering, and many more. The book is useful for researchers and professionals in civil engineering.
Sustainable Innovations in Construction Management: Select Proceedings of ICC-IDEA 2023 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #388)
by Osman Gencel M. Balasubramanian T. PalanisamyThis book presents the select proceedings of International Conference on Civil Engineering: Innovative Development in Engineering Advances (ICC IDEA 2023). This book covers the latest research in the areas of construction engineering and management, urban planning and design, building energy conservation and green architecture, materials science and engineering, innovation in construction materials, and information technology in civil engineering. The book is useful for researchers and professionals in civil engineering.
Climate Action and Hydrogen Economy: Technologies Shaping the Energy Transition (Green Energy and Technology)
by Malti Goel Gautam SenThis book focuses on up-to-date progress on the current status of technology and progress in climate action and hydrogen energy in India. It includes contributions from leading experts, and covers emerging topics such as issues & challenges in moving toward hydrogen economy, green hydrogen production technologies, hydrogen production from liquid hydrogen carriers, policy perspectives on hydrogen as energy source of the future, hybrid approaches for solar hydrogen, among others. This book is of interest to those working in academia, industry and policymakers in the field of energy.
Geoenvironmental and Geotechnical Issues of Coal Mine Overburden and Mine Tailings (Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering)
by Sarat Kumar Das Krishna R. Reddy Lohitkumar Nainegali Surabhi JainThis contributed book edited by leading global experts focuses on the geoenvironmental and geotechnical issues of coal mine overburden and mine tailings and its unengineered dumping. It aims to provide knowledge-based information for diverse readers to assess, monitor, and manage coal mine overburden and mine tailings in various engineering applications while highlighting efficient solutions to reutilize the waste and conserve natural resources leading to sustainable development. The content also assesses mine backfilling, techniques to stabilize mine tailing storage facilities, mineral carbonation of mine tailings, landfill liners and barrier systems, reclamation of coal mine overburden, and geochemical, microbial, and environmental sustainability assessment, among others. This book is a useful resource for those in academia and industry.
Independent Metering Electro-Hydraulic Control System
by Ruqi Ding Min ChengThis book shows an independent metering electro-hydraulic control system involving its flexible hardware layouts, complex software control, representative products and applications. The book includes one chapter introducing the background and motivation of the independent metering electro-hydraulic control system. It also includes one chapter to summarize various hardware layouts involving the utilized hydraulic components and circuits, as well as analyze their advantages and disadvantages. It emphatically consists of four chapters demonstrating the detailed multivariable control strategies from three levels: load, valve and pump, together with fault-tolerant control under the fault condition. It includes a last chapter, in which products of independent metering control valve and their applications in some typical heavy-duty mobile machinery are collective works of reviews illustrative of recent advances. This book is interesting and useful to a wide readership in the various fields of fluid power transmission and control.
Smart Buildings and Technologies for Sustainable Cities in China (Urban Sustainability)
by Tongyu Zhou Yi Chen Wu Deng Ali CheshmehzangiThis book brings together the insights from professional associations who involved in developing relevant national standards in China, domestic and international scholars who are dedicated to research in related fields, and industry practitioners who have the most hands-on experience. Synthesizing their perspectives, this book discusses the advanced technologies that can meet the requirements for energy efficiency, building performance monitoring and management, and user-centric building services, which are considered the essential components for achieving sustainable and smart cities. Moreover, it provides reflections on the implementation of smart technologies and strategies in practice.
Disaster Management and Risk Reduction: Proceedings of NERC 2022
by Sudip Mitra Kaustubh Dasgupta Arindam Dey Rajshree BedamattaThis book presents select proceedings of North-East Research Conclave (NERC 2022) that will help pave way toward disaster risk reduction through a holistic and multidisciplinary approach. The book discusses topics, such as rapid pace of climate change, its deleterious effects on nature and natural systems, human interventions in altering the natural geographical and geological systems, widespread urbanization, recurrent unwarranted rainfall and cloud bursts, unprecedented flooding, catastrophic landslides, dam breakages, glacial outbursts, snow avalanches, seismicity and its impacts, liquefaction, and wreaking environmental pollution leading to unimaginable toll on lives, property and economy. The book also discusses approaches to address such issues and frame a refined path towards a sustainable future, such as a three-fold approach like – Awareness, Inferences and Implementations. For this approach, it is ardently necessary to understand the core reasoning behind the disasters, their impact on the socio-economic contexts, and the ways to mitigate them. The book can be a valuable reference for beginners, researchers, and professionals interested in disaster risk reduction and allied fields.
China’s Poverty Alleviation Resettlement and Rural Transformation (Urban Sustainability)
by Long ChengThis book aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of China’s Poverty Alleviation resettlement (PAR) particularly under the Link Policy, and further analysing the impacts of PAR on China’s rural transformation from multiple scales (regional and individual) and perspectives (social-economic development, urban-rural interactions and landscape changes), with a combination of multiple approaches including systematic literature review, content analysis, econometrical methods, spatial analysis, Cellular Automata modelling etc. Policy suggestions will also be provided to improve farmers’ sustainable livelihood and resilience coping with the changes of lifestyles due to the resettlement. This book contributes to inspiring and provoking thought among policymakers, researchers, and individuals worldwide grappling with the pressing issue of poverty and its eradication. Understanding the Chinese experience may yield valuable insights that can be adapted and applied in diverse contexts around the globe.
Organic Modification of Natural Clay Minerals and Its Adsorption on Anionic PPCPs (SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science)
by Ken SunThis book mainly investigates the adsorption of anionic diclofenac sodium on natural clay minerals, the adsorption of anionic chloramphenicol on natural clay minerals and the behavior of surface and interface modification or adsorption on clay minerals. It has significant guidance for learning the transfer and fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the soil. It develops an efficient, low-cost adsorbent material and provides theoretical basis and valuable reference for the effective prevention of groundwater contamination of PPCPs in the field of environmental engineering.
Field Work and Laboratory Experiments in Integrated Environmental Sciences
by Noriko Hasebe Masato Honda Keisuke Fukushi Seiya NagaoThis book introduces the variety of research skills necessary for integrated environmental science, which are applicable to atmospheric, oceanic, terrestrial, and biota studies. The surface environment of the earth is a complex system consisting of atmospheric, oceanic, and terrestrial regions as well as the biota therein, all of which interact with one another to various extents. The integration of research disciplines including earth science, biology, chemistry, physics, and social science is a core of environmental science. It encourages students and early-career scientists to take a broad view of the whole environmental system. Detailed practical information for the field or laboratory work in this book helps students and scientists to plan research strategy for their own scope and interests. In addition, this book is also useful for professionals to teach field and laboratory work in environmental science to students. This book is based on the environmental summer school program organized by the Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, in Japan.
Micromorphology of Soils and Paleosols of India
by Pankaj Srivastava Dilip K. PalThis monograph covers uniqueness of micromorphology in resolving many important but enigmatic pedological issues such as clay illuviation, formation of pedogenic and non-pedogenic CaCO3, modification of plasmic fabric, contemporary and relict pedogenic processes, polygenesis of soils in Alfisols, Mollisols, Ultisols, Vertisols and Inceptisols of the tropical Indian environments. Chapters in this title also include identification of paleosols, diagenetic overprinting of the pedofeatures in lithified paleosols, and alluvial cyclicity of the fluvial successions. The techniques mentioned in this title are of tremendous value in pedological and geological research for precise and unambiguous definitions of soil taxa to build the national soil information and refine the stratigraphy of the terrestrial sediments. The information is for the benefit the students and researchers of pedology and geomorphology who often come across extreme difficulties in relating to examples applying the principles of soil formation from textbooks devoted almost exclusively to soils of the temperate climates. The format of this publication is arranged for a process-oriented text and figures on micromorphology of the tropical soils and paleosols as a reference for pedologists, earth scientists, M.Sc. and Ph.D. students, and also for land resource managers who are engaged in enhancing the productivity of such tropical soils in India and elsewhere.
Processes in GeoMedia—Volume VII (Springer Geology)
by Tatiana ChaplinaThis book includes new results of theoretical and experimental studies of various scales of the processes occurring on the earth including the lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. Intensive development of research in these areas is due to several factors: 1) the widespread introduction of computer technology, allowing the calculation of complex phenomena; 2) the invention and improvement of a new generation of geophysical instruments such as remote observation systems based on ships, aircraft, and satellites, providing a large amount of data to objectively reflect a broad picture of the processes; and 3) the development of measurement techniques, creating opportunities for controllable and reproducible laboratory data acquisition for generation of new ideas and concepts. Their recent developments have facilitated our research and understanding of these academic fields. The book enriches the understanding of the geophysical processes taking place in various environments (lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere), including the anthropogenic one, and it further contributes to their development. This book is a valuable resource for specialists working in the oil, gas, and engineering industry to improve their understandings of the field.
Research Directions, Challenges and Achievements of Modern Geography (Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences)
by Jerzy Bański Michael MeadowsThis book identifies and discusses research directions, challenges and achievements in contemporary geography. It also documents the most current theoretical and methodological considerations undertaken by scientists representing various sub-disciplines of geography with particular reference to human geography. It was assumed that the thematic structure of the currently active International Geographical Union (IGU) problem commissions corresponds to the most relevant and current research directions in geography. Reflecting this assumption, the book consists of 14 chapters contributed by geographers representing 14 problem commissions of the IGU, which allows us to examine geography from different perspectives and to provide the reader with a complete overview of contemporary research issues in human geography. The first part discusses contemporary research problems and issues related to scientific methodology and achievements of selected geographical sub-disciplines, including urban geography, agricultural geography, transport geography, and political geography, among others. The second part focuses on the interdisciplinarity of geography and the topics of global dimension undertaken by geographers such as global change, GIS and geospatial technology, marginalization, and environmental change. This part also discusses the internal relations between geographical specializations and their links with other related sciences, including geology, sociology, and economics. The third part discusses the holistic approaches of geography applied to particular regions, territories, or conditions (Africa, costal systems, geomorphology and local development).
Advanced Methods of Joint Inversion and Fusion of Multiphysics Data (Advances in Geological Science)
by Michael S. ZhdanovDifferent physical or geophysical methods provide information about distinctive physical properties of the objects, e.g., rock formations and mineralization. In many cases, this information is mutually complementary, which makes it natural for consideration in a joint inversion of the multiphysics data. Inversion of the observed data for a particular experiment is subject to considerable uncertainty and ambiguity. One productive approach to reducing uncertainty is to invert several types of data jointly. Nonuniqueness can also be reduced by incorporating additional information derived from available a priori knowledge about the target to reduce the search space for the solution. This additional information can be incorporated in the form of a joint inversion of multiphysics data.Generally established joint inversion methods, however, are inadequate for incorporating typical physical or geological complexity. For example, analytic, empirical, or statistical correlations between different physical properties may exist for only part of the model, and their specific form may be unknown. Features or structures that are present in the data of one physical method may not be present in the data generated by another physical method or may not be equally resolvable.This book presents and illustrates several advanced, new approaches to joint inversion and data fusion, which do not require a priori knowledge of specific empirical or statistical relationships between the different model parameters or their attributes. These approaches include the following novel methods, among others: 1) the Gramian method, which enforces the correlation between different parameters; 2) joint total variation functional or joint focusing stabilizers, e.g., minimum support and minimum gradient support constraints; 3) data fusion employing a joint minimum entropy stabilizer, which yields the simplest multiphysics solution that fits the multi-modal data. In addition, the book describes the principles of using artificial intelligence (AI) in solving multiphysics inverse problems. The book also presents in detail both the mathematical principles of these advanced approaches to joint inversion of multiphysics data and successful case histories of regional-scale and deposit-scale geophysical studies to illustrate their indicated advantages.
Aeolian Desertification: Disaster with Visual Impact in Semi-arid Regions of Andhra Pradesh, South India (Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences)
by Pradeep Kumar Badapalli Raghu Babu Kottala Padma Sree PujariThis book summarizes contemporary research on land degradation, desertification, and how such issues relate to socioeconomic growth in developing countries. With a focus on local and regional levels, the book offers an in-depth analysis of aeolian action as a physical process, causes of land degradation, and desertification. The causes and effects of land degradation were investigated by utilizing multiscale and multidisciplinary methodologies, merging spatial socioeconomic data with remote sensing data, and using multiple levels and disciplinary approaches. The book also describes how to combine GIS with cutting-edge technologies such as remote sensing, geostatistics, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis, and analytical hierarchy approaches, among others. Included is a thorough case study of the unusual but understudied semi-arid Anantapur district in Andhra Pradesh, South India. This book encourages the participation of all socioeconomic groups in decision-making and assists authorities and planners in developing suitable plans for the sustainable agricultural growth of an area. The book is an invaluable resource to comprehend and resolve issues about sustainable environmental planning and management.
Emerging Materials and Technologies in Water Remediation and Sensing: Proceedings of ICWT 2022 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #439)
by Sumit Saxena Shobha Shukla Prasanna Kumar S. MuralThis book presents the select proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Water Technologies 2022. While several efforts are underway, materials form the core of all research activities to develop technologies to mitigate the global challenge of water crisis. This book includes latest scientific dialogues, state-of-the-art developments in terms of emerging materials, technology development aimed toward mitigating various bottlenecks in water treatment, purification, desalination, and sensing with emerging materials. It also discusses diverse materials driven approaches, including theoretical and experimental studies, to address various aspects of this global issue. The book discusses various topics related to nanomaterials for water purification, bio-physical remediation, photocatalysis, membranes, physico-chemical processes, oil-water separation, sensors, and microplastics, etc. The book can be a valuable reference for beginners, researchers, and professionals interested in water technologies and allied fields.