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4G Wireless Communication Networks: Design Planning and Applications
by Johnson I Agbinya Mari Carmen Aguayo-Torres Ryszard Klempous Jan NikodemThis book is a detailed compendium of these major advancements focusing exclusively on the emerging broadband wireless communication technologies which support broadband wireless data rate transmissions.
4g Mobile and Wireless Communications Technologies (River Publishers Series In Communications Ser.)
by Sofoklis Kyriazakos Ioannis Soldatos George KaretsosMobile and wireless communications are moving towards a new era that will be characterized by the seamless collaboration of heterogeneous systems, the need for high speed communications while on the move and for advanced services with quality guarantees. Recent market research studies show that most of the traffic in the future wireless networks will be produced by mobile multimedia services which are expected to proliferate by the year 2010. On the other hand mobile and wireless communications technology is becoming more and more important in developing countries where people demand fast deployment and low cost for broadband wireless internet services.The objective of this volume is to gather research and development on topics shaping the fourth generation (4G) in mobile and wireless communications and reveal the key trends and enabling technologies for 4G. We envisage 4G wireless communication systems as IP based solution providing integrated services (voice, data, multimedia) regardless of time and end-users? location. 4G technologies will manifest the benefits of the wireless and wired technologies convergence, through enabling a wide range of innovative (both indoor and outdoor) applications. 4G applications will feature premium quality, high security and an affordable cost. The vision, though fantastic, is associated with a host of technical and technological challenges.A great deal of the latter are discussed in the articles of this volume, which aims at providing insights on the research issues and solutions that are directly associated with leading edge 4G technologies and services.Taking into account recent developments in the world of wireless communications we have given emphasis to cover all these technologies and aspects that are considered as cornerstones for achieving the goals set for 4G and that will further boost research and development of next-generation mobile communications.
4G Femtocells: Resource Allocation and Interference Management (SpringerBriefs in Computer Science)
by Xiaoli Chu Haijun Zhang Xiangming WenThis brief examines resource allocation and interference management for 4G femtocells. It introduces 4G femtocells in the context of 4G mobile networks and discusses related technical challenges in resource allocation and interference management. Topics include ant colony algorithm based downlink resource allocation, intelligent scheduling and power control, uplink and downlink for two-tier networks, quality of service (QoS) constraints and the cross-tier interference constraint. The authors present algorithms to alleviate common femtocell-related problems such as subchannel power allocation. The complexity of the proposed resource allocation algorithms is analyzed, and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is verified by simulations. This concise and practical book directly addresses common problems relating to femtocells and resource management. It serves as a useful tool for researchers in the field. Advanced-level students or professionals interested in femtocells and networks will also find the content helpful.
The 4Ds of Energy Transition: Decarbonization, Decentralization, Decreasing Use, and Digitalization
by Muhammad AsifThe 4Ds of Energy Transition Enables readers to understand technology-driven approaches that address the challenges of today’s energy scenario and the shift towards sustainable energy transition This book provides a comprehensive account of the characteristics of energy transition, covering the latest advancements, trends, and practices around the topic. It charts the path to global energy sustainability based on existing technology by focusing on the four dynamic approaches of decarbonization, decreasing use, decentralization, and digitalization, plus the important technical, economic, social and policy perspectives surrounding those approaches. Each technology is demonstrated with an introduction and a set of specific chapters. The work appropriately incorporates up-to-date data, case studies, and comparative assessments to further aid in reader comprehension. Sample topics discussed within the work by key thinkers and researchers in the broader fields of energy include: Renewable energy and sustainable energy future Decarbonization in energy sector Hydrogen and fuel cells Electric mobility and sustainable transportation Energy conservation and management Distributed and off-grid generation, energy storage, and batteries Digitalization in energy sector; smart meters, smart grids, blockchain This book is an ideal professional resource for engineers, academics, and policy makers working in areas related to the development of energy solutions.
4D Printing, Volume 2: Between Science and Technology
by Frederic Demoly Jean-Claude AndreWho hasn&’t dreamed of seeing matter transformed in a way that suits you? This is the goal of 4D printing, using materials that can change in terms of shape and property under the effect of energy stimulation. From the description of the actions and actuators, the authors show the weaknesses that limit the industrialization of 4D printing processes; these are the modes of energy stimulation.To prepare for the future, two chapters are introduced: &“Material-Process Duality in Industrial 4D Printing&” and &“How to Approach 4D Printing in Design&”. If the capture and reuse of 4D printing knowledge is necessary for this objective, the conclusion leaves the existing myth around the 4D printing theme and proposes a &“draft&” roadmap that should be the subject of reflection and scientific debate on a concept that is still immature, but full of promise.
4D Printing, Volume 1: Between Disruptive Research and Industrial Applications
by Frederic Demoly Jean-Claude AndreAny time objects and their (self-)organization are to be put into use, their models and methods of thinking as well as their designing and manufacturing need to be reinvented.4D printing is a future technology that is capable of bringing 3D objects to life. This ability, which gives objects the power to change shape or properties over time through energy stimulation from active materials and additive manufacturing, makes it possible to envisage technological breakthroughs while challenging the relationship between people and objects.4D Printing 1 presents the different facets of this technology, providing an objective, critical and even disruptive viewpoint to enable its existence and development, and to stimulate the creative drive that industry, society and humanity need in the perpetual quest for evolution and transformation.
4D Modeling and Estimation of Respiratory Motion for Radiation Therapy (Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering)
by Cristian Lorenz Jan EhrhardtRespiratory motion causes an important uncertainty in radiotherapy planning of the thorax and upper abdomen. The main objective of radiation therapy is to eradicate or shrink tumor cells without damaging the surrounding tissue by delivering a high radiation dose to the tumor region and a dose as low as possible to healthy organ tissues. Meeting this demand remains a challenge especially in case of lung tumors due to breathing-induced tumor and organ motion where motion amplitudes can measure up to several centimeters. Therefore, modeling of respiratory motion has become increasingly important in radiation therapy. With 4D imaging techniques spatiotemporal image sequences can be acquired to investigate dynamic processes in the patient's body. Furthermore, image registration enables the estimation of the breathing-induced motion and the description of the temporal change in position and shape of the structures of interest by establishing the correspondence between images acquired at different phases of the breathing cycle. In radiation therapy these motion estimations are used to define accurate treatment margins, e.g. to calculate dose distributions and to develop prediction models for gated or robotic radiotherapy. In this book, the increasing role of image registration and motion estimation algorithms for the interpretation of complex 4D medical image sequences is illustrated. Different 4D CT image acquisition techniques and conceptually different motion estimation algorithms are presented. The clinical relevance is demonstrated by means of example applications which are related to the radiation therapy of thoracic and abdominal tumors. The state of the art and perspectives are shown by an insight into the current field of research. The book is addressed to biomedical engineers, medical physicists, researchers and physicians working in the fields of medical image analysis, radiology and radiation therapy.
4D Imaging to 4D Printing: Biomedical Applications (Emerging Materials and Technologies)
by Rupinder SinghThis book focuses on applications of 4D imaging and 4D printing for development of low-cost, indigenous lab-scale solutions for various biomedical applications. It is based on a selection of benchmark open-source 4D imaging solutions including the effect of different stimulus (such as light, electric field, magnetic field, mechanical load, thermal, hydro, and so forth) to better understand 4D capabilities of printed components. The material is covered across nine chapters dedicated to 4D imaging, 4D printing, and their specific biomedical applications illustrated via case studies related to orthopaedic and dental requirements of veterinary patients. The book: •Presents exclusive material on the integration of 4D imaging and 4D printing•Demonstrates the industrial applications of 4D imaging in 4D printing using multiple case studies•Discusses use of open-source 4D imaging tools for biomedical applications•Includes in-house development of smart materials for 4D printing•Reviews low-cost, indigenous lab-scale solutions for various veterinary applications. This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in Additive Manufacturing, Manufacturing Engineering, Production Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Materials Engineering.
4D CAD and Visualization in Construction: Developments and Applications
by Raja R.A. Issa Ian Flood William J. O’BrienThe construction enterprise is being transformed by visual modelling. Tools such as 3D/4D CAD and virtual reality are now in widespread use in construction. This book is both a survey of the changes being made in practice and a detailed guide to future directions for research and development. This book features a number of detailed case studies and
48 Hours: A Novel
by William R. ForstchenFrom the New York Times bestselling author of the smash hit One Second After series comes 48 Hours, a nail-biting and prescient thriller about a solar storm with the power to destroy the world's electrical infrastructureIn 48 hours, the Earth will be hit by a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) from the Sun, a "Carrington Event" that has the power to shut down and possibly destroy the world's electrical infrastructure. To try and prevent permanent damage, everything goes dark prior to the hit: global communications are shut down; hospital emergency generators are disconnected; the entire internet, media broadcasting, and cell phone systems are turned off. Will the world's population successfully defend itself in the wake of the CME, or will mass panic lead to the breakdown of society as we know it?William R. Forstchen is at his best in 48 Hours, a tale of the resilience of American citizens when faced with a crisis.At the Publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management Software (DRM) applied.
450 MHz – Frequenz für kritische Infrastrukturen: Vorteile und Nutzen für Versorgungsunternehmen (essentials)
by Marcel Linnemann Alexander Sommer Ralf Leufkes Robin BrockmannDie Sicherstellung einer zuverlässigen Versorgungsinfrastruktur zur Gewährleistung der Versorgungssicherheit stellt eines der zentralen Themen der Energieversorger in Deutschland dar. Einen wichtigen Beitrag soll hierfür die 450 MHz Frequenz als Frequenz für kritische Infrastrukturen leisten. Für Energieversorger stellt sich daher die Frage, in welchem Kontext die 450 Frequenz zu nutzen ist sowie welche Vor- und Nachteile 450 MHz mit sich bringt.Die Kurzfassung zum Thema 450 MHz – die Frequenz für kritische Infrastrukturen soll dem Leser einen ersten schnellen Einstieg in die energiewirtschaftliche Einordnung, die Frequenz und darauf basierende Technologie sowie die Einsatzmöglichkeiten im eigenen Energieversorgungsunternehmen bieten.
40 Rules for Internet Business Success: Escape the 9 to 5, Do Work You Love, and Build a Profitable Online Business
by Matthew Paulson<p>Your Blueprint for Business Success! <p>Stop reading books by pretenders. Read this one and you will learn from an entrepreneur who created a seven-figure internet business from scratch. Matthew Paulson, Founder of Analyst Ratings Network, Lightning Releases and GoGo Photo Contest, has weathered the failures and triumphs of being an entrepreneur for nearly a decade. 40 Rules for Internet Business Success is his collection of core principles and strategies he used to grow his business. <p>By reading 40 Rules for Internet Business Success, you will learn to: <p> <li>Throw away your business plan! Create a scalable business model that actually works. <li>Identify a target market that is desperate for your company's products and services. <li>Launch your first product or service faster by building a minimum viable business. <li>Create a reliable and repeatable marketing strategy to keep new customers coming. <li>Build systems that make your business run like a well-oiled machine. <li>Maximize your company's earnings potential with the three keys of revenue growth.</li> <p> <p>No matter what your goals are for online business success: 40 Rules will help you turn your dream of owning a profitable Internet business into reality. <p>EXTRAS WITH EVERY PURCHASE: After purchasing the book, open it and follow the directions inside to receive access to the two bonus audio interviews titled 40 Bootstrapped Business Ideas and The Seven Deadly Sins of New Entrepreneurs.</p>
3S Technology Applications in Meteorology: Observations, Methods, and Modelling
by Shuanggen JinSpatial information technology and its integration, such as remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS), and global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), known as 3S technology, have been extensively utilized in managing and monitoring natural disasters. This book illustrates the 3S integrated applications in the field of meteorology and promotes the role of 3S in developing precise and intelligent meteorology. It presents the principles of 3S technology and the methods for monitoring different meteorological disasters and hazards as well as their application progress. The case studies from the United States, Japan, China, and Europe were conducted to help all countries understand the 3S technology functions in handling and monitoring severe meteorological hazards. FEATURES Presents integral observations from GNSS, GIS, and remote sensing in estimating and understanding meteorological changes Explains how to monitor and retrieve atmospheric parameter changes using GNSS and remote sensing Shows three-dimensional modelling and evaluations of meteorological variation processing based on GIS Helps meteorologists develop and use space-air-ground integrated observations for meteorological applications Illustrates the practices in monitoring meteorological hazards using space information techniques and case studies This book is intended for academics, researchers, and postgraduate students who specialize in geomatics, atmospheric science, and meteorology, as well as scientists who work in remote sensing and meteorology, and professionals who deal with meteorological hazards.
3rd International Symposium of Space Optical Instruments and Applications: Beijing, China June 26 - 29th 2016 (Springer Proceedings in Physics #192)
by H. Paul Urbach Guangjun ZhangThis volume contains selected and expanded contributions presented at the 3rd Symposium on Space Optical Instruments and Applications in Beijing, China June 28 - 29, 2016. This conference series is organised by the Sino-Holland Space Optical Instruments Laboratory, a cooperation platform between China and the Netherlands. The symposium focused on key technological problems of optical instruments and their applications in a space context. It covered the latest developments, experiments and results regarding theory, instrumentation and applications in space optics. The book is split across five topical sections. The first section covers space optical remote sensing system design, the second advanced optical system design, the third remote sensor calibration and measurement. Remote sensing data processing and information extraction is then presented, followed by a final section on remote sensing data applications.
3rd International Congress on Energy Efficiency and Energy Related Materials: Proceedings, Oludeniz, Turkey, 19–23 October 2015 (Springer Proceedings in Energy)
by Ahmet Yavuz Oral Zehra Banu Bahsi OralThe 3rd International Congress on Energy Efficiency and Energy Related Materials (ENEFM2015) was held from 19-23 October 2015. This congress focused on the latest developments of sustainable energy technologies, materials for sustainable energy applications and environmental and economic perspectives of energy. These proceedings included 40 peer-reviewed technical papers, submitted by leading academic and research institutions from over 23 countries and represented some of the most cutting-edge researches available. The sections included in the 40 papers are listed as follows: Solar Energy, Fuel cells, Hydrogen productions, Hydrogen storage, Energy storage, Energy saving, Biofuels and Bioenergy, Wind Energy, Nuclear Energy, Fossil Energy, Hydropower, Carbon capture and storage, Materials for renewable energy storage and conversion, Photovoltaics and solar cells, Fuel generation from renewables (catalysis), Carbon dioxide sequestration and conversion, Materials for energy saving, Thermoelectrics, Energy saving in buildings, Bio-Assessment and Toxicology, Air pollution from mobile and stationary sources, Transport of Air Pollutants, Environment-Friendly Construction and Development, Energy Management Systems.
3rd International Conference on Wireless, Intelligent and Distributed Environment for Communication: WIDECOM 2020 (Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies #51)
by Isaac Woungang Sanjay Kumar DhurandherThis book presents the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Wireless Intelligent and Distributed Environment for Communication (WIDECOM 2020), sponsored by Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada, May 6-8, 2020. The WIDECOM conference solicits papers addressing issues related to new dependability paradigms, design, and performance of dependable network computing and mobile systems, as well as issues related to the security of these systems. The goal of the conference is to provide a forum for researchers, students, scientists and engineers working in academia and industry to share their experiences, new ideas and research results in the above-mentioned areas.Presents the proceedings of the International Conference on Wireless Intelligent and Distributed Environment for Communication (WIDECOM 2020), Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada, May 6-8, 2020;Includes an array of topics networking computing, mobile/ubiquitous systems, cloud systems, and IoT systems;Addresses issues related to protecting information security and establishing trust in the digital space.
3rd International Conference on Thermal Issues in Machine Tools (Lecture Notes in Production Engineering)
by Steffen IhlenfeldtThis open access conference proceedings contains all the papers presented at the ICTIMT 2023, the 3rd International Conference on Thermal Issues in Machine Tools. The event takes place in Dresden, the capital of Saxony, from March 21-23 2023. The conference is organized by the Chair of Machine Tools Development and Adaptive Controls of the Technische Universität Dresden.
3rd International Conference on the Application of Superabsorbent Polymers (RILEM Bookseries #24)
by William P. Boshoff Riaan Combrinck Viktor Mechtcherine Mateusz WyrzykowskiThe book gathers the peer-reviewed contributions presented at the 3rd International Conference on Application of Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP) and Other New Admixtures towards Smart Concrete, held in Skukuza, South Africa, on November 25-27, 2019. It features papers focusing on the behavior of SAP in concrete (in particular the absorption behavior) as well as the effect of SAP on fresh and hardened concrete properties. It also covers topics such as other modern admixtures, in particular rheology-modifying admixtures, including the recently emerging field of bio- or waste-derived admixtures. The conference builds on the experience and summarizes the activities of the RILEM Technical Committee 260-RSC "Recommendations for Use of Superabsorbent Polymers in Concrete Construction" and addresses other prominent research activities in the field of concrete admixtures.
The 3rd International Conference on Nanomaterials and Advanced Composites: Proceedings of NAC 2022, July 15-17, Tokushima, Japan (Springer Proceedings in Physics #298)
by Ri-Ichi Murakami Mikito Yasuzawa Yoshinobu Shimamura Pankaj Koinkar Hairus Abdullah Antonio NakagaitoThis book presents selected articles from the 3rd International Conference on Nanomaterials and Advanced Composites (NAC 2022) held at Tokushima University in Japan. This event brought together leading researchers and professionals from academia and industry to present their latest findings and served as a platform for the exchange of ideas aiming for further collaborations. Participants from over six countries shared their most up-to-date knowledge in their respective fields covering nanotechnology, nanomaterials, and advanced composites. Even though this conference had both on-site and remotely connected attendees, the main purpose to promote the networking among academics, engineers, and students was fully achieved. This book is part of the effort to disseminate the knowledge gathered during this meeting. The collection of articles covers topics on advanced composites, nanomaterials, ecological materials, energy, microfluidics, crystal growth, and photocatalysis. This representative account of the conference is intended to provide new and useful insights for prospective studies in materials science and engineering.
3rd International Conference on Innovative Technologies for Clean and Sustainable Development: ITCSD 2020 (RILEM Bookseries #29)
by Deepankar Kumar Ashish Jorge De Brito Sanjay Kumar SharmaThis book gathers peer-reviewed contributions presented at the 3rd International Conference on Innovative Technologies for Clean and Sustainable Development, held in Chandigarh, India, on February 19-21, 2020. The respective papers focus on sustainable materials science and cover topics including the durability and sustainability of concrete, green materials in construction, economics of cleaner production, environmental impact mitigation, innovative materials for sustainable construction, performance and sustainability of special concrete, renewable energy infrastructure, sustainability in road construction, sustainable concrete, sustainable construction materials, waste minimization & management, prevention and management of water pollution, and zero-energy buildings.
The 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision (Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies #164)
by Aboul Ella Hassanien Abdelkrim Haqiq Ahmad Taher Azar Kc Santosh M. A. Jabbar Adam Słowik Parthasarathy SubashiniThis book presents the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision (AICV’2023) which will be held in Marrakesh, Morocco, during March 05–07, 2023. This international conference, which highlighted essential research and developments in the fields of artificial intelligence and computer visions, was organized by the computer, Networks, Mobility and Modeling Laboratory (IR2M), Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco, the Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo University, and the Automated Systems & Soft Computing Lab (ASSCL), Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The book is divided into sections, covering the following topics: swarm-based optimization mining and data analysis, deep learning and applications, machine learning and applications, image processing and computer vision, sentiment analysis, and recommendation systems, and software-defined network and telecommunication.
3rd International Conference on Advanced Joining Processes 2023: Selected Contributions of AJP 2023 (Proceedings in Engineering Mechanics)
by Lucas F. M. da Silva Paulo Martins Uwe ReisgenThis book provides selected contributions of the 3rd International Conference on Advanced Joining Processes, held in Braga, Portugal, on October 19–20, 2023. The volume is dedicated to the current developments in mechanical joining (1st Section), joining by plastic deformation (2nd Section), and welding (3rd Section). The selected contributions represent the state of the art in advanced methods of joining. The book serves as a reference volume for researchers and graduate students working with advanced joining processes.
3rd International Conference for Innovation in Biomedical Engineering and Life Sciences: Proceedings of ICIBEL 2019, December 6-7, 2019, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (IFMBE Proceedings #81)
by Fatimah Ibrahim Juliana Usman Mohd Yazed Ahmad Norhamizan HamzahThis book presents innovative engineering solution for medical diagnosis, therapy and life science studies. Gathering the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference for Innovation in Biomedical Engineering and Life Sciences, ICIBEL 2020, held on December 6-7, 2019, in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, this book aims at informing on engineering tools and their clinical applications, and being a source of inspiration for future research and interdisciplinary collaborations.
3rd EAI International Conference on Robotic Sensor Networks: ROSENET 2019 (EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing)
by Yujie Li Huimin LuThis proceedings presents the papers of the 3rd EAI International Conference on Robotic Sensor Networks (ROSENET 2019). The conference explores the integration of networks and robotic technologies, which has become a topic of increasing interest for both researchers and developers from academic fields and industries worldwide. The authors posit that big networks will be the main approach to the next generation of robotic research, The book discusses how the explosive number of network models and increasing computational power of computers significantly extends the number of potential applications for robotic technologies while also bringing new challenges to each network's community. The conference provided a platform for researchers to share up-to-date scientific achievements in this field. The conference took place August 17, 2019, Kitakyushu, Japan.Presents the proceedings of the 3rd EAI International Conference on Robotic Sensor Networks (ROSENET 2019), August 17, 2019, Kitakyushu, JapanFeatures papers on robotic technologies for healthcare, medicine, military and moreIncludes perspectives from a multi-disciplinary selection of global researchers, academics, and professionals
3rd EAI International Conference on IoT in Urban Space (EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing)
by Rui José Kristof Van Laerhoven Helena RodriguesThis proceedings presents the papers from Urb-IoT 2018 - 3rd EAI International Conference on IoT in Urban Space, which took place in Guimarães, Portugal on 21-22 November 2018. The conference aims to explore the emerging dynamics within the scope of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the new science of cities.The papers discuss fusion of heterogeneous urban sources, understanding urban data using machine learning and mining techniques, urban analytics, urban IoT infrastructures, crowd sourcing techniques, incentification and gamification, urban mobility and intelligent transportation systems, real time urban information systems, and more. The proceedings discuss innovative technologies that navigate industry and connectivity sectors in transportation, utility, public safety, healthcare, and education. The authors also discuss the increasing deployments of IoT technologies and the rise of the so-called 'Sensored Cities'‚ which are opening up new avenues of research opportunities towards that future.