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Prions and Diseases: Volume 1, Physiology and Pathophysiology
by Wen-Quan Zou Pierluigi GambettiVolume I highlights the association of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) with copper and zinc, the potential roles of PrPC in Alzheimer's disease and cancers, insoluble PrPC, PMCA, molecular and cellular mechanisms of PrPSc formation and clearance, possible co-factors involved in the conversion of PrPC into PrPSc, infectious and pathogenic forms of PrP, cell biology of prions, prion strains and their interference, as well as yeast prions and their inheritable and structural traits. This unique volume will take you through the fascinating chronicle of prions in mammals, yeast, and fungi.
Anti-Cancer N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Gold: Thiol “Switch-on” Fluorescent Probes, Thioredoxin Reductase Inhibitors and Endoplasmic Reticulum Targeting Agents (Springer Theses)
by Taotao ZouThis thesis focuses on the development of gold- and non-classical platinum-based anti-cancer agents that display distinctively different anti-cancer mechanisms compared to the commonly used cisplatin. These metal complexes contain N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands which are able to form strong M-C(NHC) bonds, conferring high stability and favorable lipophilicity, reactivity and binding specificity of metal complexes on biomolecules. The author demonstrates significant advances made in anti-cancer gold(III), gold(I) and platinum(II) complexes. Detailed chemical synthesis, in vitro and/or in vivo anti-cancer activities are clearly presented including: (i) a class of Au(III) complexes containing a highly fluorescent N^N^N ligand and NHC ligand that simultaneously act as fluorescent thiol "switch-on" probes and anti-cancer agents; (ii) a dinuclear gold(I) complex with a mixed diphosphine and bis(NHC) ligand displaying favorable stability and showing significant inhibition of tumor growth in two independent mice models with no observable side effects; and (iii) a panel of stable luminescent cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes exhibiting high specificity to localize to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) domain, inducing ER stress and cell apoptosis. These works highlight the clinical potential that gold and platinum complexes offer for cancer treatment.
Real-World Evidence in a Patient-Centric Digital Era (Chapman & Hall/CRC Biostatistics Series)
by Kelly H Zou Lobna A. Salem Amrit RayReal-world evidence is defined as evidence generated from real-world data outside randomized controlled trials. As scientific discoveries and methodologies continue to advance, real-world data and their companion technologies offer powerful new tools for evidence generation. Real-World Evidence in a Patient-Centric Digital Era provides perspectives, examples, and insights on the innovative application of real-world evidence to meet patient needs and improve healthcare, with a focus on the pharmaceutical industry. This book presents an overview of key analytical issues and best practices. Special attention is paid to the development, methodologies, and other salient features of the statistical and data science techniques that are customarily used to generate real-world evidence. It provides a review of key topics and emerging trends in cutting-edge data science and health innovation. Features: Provides an overview of statistical and analytic methodologies in real-world evidence to generate insights on healthcare, with a special focus on the pharmaceutical industry Examines timely topics of high relevance to industry such as bioethical considerations, regulatory standards, and compliance requirements Highlights emerging and current trends, and provides guidelines for best practices Illustrates methods through examples and use-case studies to demonstrate impact Provides guidance on software choices and digital applications for successful analytics Real-World Evidence in a Patient-Centric Digital Era will be a vital reference for medical researchers, health technology innovators, data scientists, epidemiologists, population health analysts, health economists, outcomes researchers, policymakers, and analysts in the healthcare industry.
Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery
by Ricardo Zorron Anthony N. Kalloo Facs, Hon Jses Jacques Marescaux Hon Frcs, Facs, Hon Jses Jacques FrcsAre you interested in using NOTES to treat your patients? Do you need a multimedia tool to guide you through all aspects of clinical management? Just as laparoscopic surgery revolutionized surgical practice in the 1980's and 90's, offering genuine competition to traditional open surgery, Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) presents a genuinely different alternative for surgeons and patients alike as we move forward in the 21st century. Advantages over laparoscopic surgery include lower anesthesia requirements, faster recovery and shorter hospital stays, avoidance of transabdominal wound infections, less immunosuppression, better postoperative pulmonary and diaphragmatic function and of course, the potential for "scarless" abdominal surgery. Combining high-level text with a superb companion website, Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES): Textbook and Video-Atlas provides you with a hands-on, in-depth and practical multimedia tool on this exciting breakthrough, to consult either on the ward or in surgery. Highlights include: Full coverage of the fundamentals of NOTES, its current clinical applications and techniques, and future perspectives Over 50 outstanding videos illustrating NOTES being performed by the experts Full-color throughout and superbly illustrated with over 250 figures Edited by global leaders and pioneers in the field, who have recruited a world-class contributor team As well being a valuable text for gastroenterologists, GI surgeons and general surgeons, Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES): Textbook and Video-Atlas will also appeal to urologists, urologic surgeons, gynecologists, gynecologic surgeons, thoracic and ENT surgeons.
Nipple Sparing Mastectomy: Minimally Invasive Video-Assisted Technique
by Sandro Zonta Adele Sgarella Alberta FerrariThis book describes in detail three different techniques for minimally invasive video-assisted breast surgery: nipple-sparing mastectomy with a hand-held external retractor, with a single-port device, and with robotic assistance. All three techniques can be employed for radical treatment of breast cancer or for risk reduction surgery, and the last two are brand new. The techniques are clearly explained with the aid of numerous high-quality illustrations. All surgical stages are covered in detail, and helpful information is provided on key aspects of surgical anatomy, diagnostic workup, instrumentation, and postoperative management. Nipple Sparing Mastectomy is the first manual to cover these techniques, which are likely to become standard in the field of oncological breast surgery. It will be invaluable for breast surgeons who are skilled in nipple-sparing mastectomy and oncoplastic techniques or are working in breast units that offer genetic counseling to high-risk patients.
Handbook of Healthcare Logistics: Bridging the Gap between Theory and Practice (International Series in Operations Research & Management Science #302)
by Maartje E. Zonderland Richard J. Boucherie Erwin W. Hans Nikky KortbeekThis book presents healthcare logistics solutions that have been successfully implemented at a variety of healthcare facilities. In each case, a major challenge is presented, along with the solution approach and implementation steps, followed by the impact on hospital operations. Problems encountered when implementing the results in practice are also discussed.Much of the work presented is drawn from the experiences of members of the Center for Healthcare Operations Improvement and Research (CHOIR) at Twente, along with the CHOIR spin-off company, Rhythm.
Appointment Planning in Outpatient Clinics and Diagnostic Facilities (SpringerBriefs in Health Care Management and Economics)
by Maartje E. ZonderlandAppointment Planning in Outpatient Clinics and Diagnostic Facilities provides a concise overview of the medical and mathematical aspects of appointment planning in healthcare. This SpringerBrief specifically focuses on outpatient clinics and diagnostic facilities. It begins by introducing the topic from a medical perspective, discussing the kinds of clinics and facilities that are out there, while exploring the appointment systems they use and the problems they face. Next, the mathematical aspects of appointment planning are examined, including Markov decision modelling, queueing theory, etc. Subsequently the book addresses implementation issues that may arise, whether they be technical, medical or cultural. Finally Appointment Planning in Outpatient Clinics and Diagnostic Facilities provides an outlook on the appointment systems of the future and what they will require as a consequence of current and future developments in the medical sector.
Ethics for Radiation Protection in Medicine (Series in Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering)
by Friedo Zölzer Gaston Meskens Jim Malone Christina SkourouThis book presents an up to date ethical framework for radiological protection in medicine. It is consistent with the requirements of the system of radiation protection and with the expectations of medical ethics. It presents an approach rooted in the medical tradition, and alert to contemporary social expectations. It provides readers with a practical framework against which they can assess the safety and acceptability of medical procedures, including patients’ concerns. It will be an invaluable reference for radiologists, radiation oncologists, regulators, medical physicists, technologists, other practitioners, as well as academics, researchers and students of radiation protection in medicine. Features: An authoritative and accessible guide, authored by a team who have contributed to defining the area internationally Includes numerous practical examples/clinical scenarios that illustrate the approach, presenting a pragmatic approach, rather than dwelling on philosophical theories Informed by the latest developments in the thinking of international organizations
Vision, Perception, and Cognition: A Manual for the Evaluation and Treatment of the Adult with Acquired Brain Injury
by Barbara ZoltanVision Perception and Cognition, Fourth Edition is a concisely structured text that expertly addresses clinical reasoning and decision making for the entire evaluation and treatment process of the adult with acquired brain injury. Provided are theoretical information, guidelines for both static and dynamic assessment, information on specific standardized evaluations, guidelines for adaptive and restorative treatment based on described theoretical and evidence-based information, and information on environmental impact of client performance.
Autoethnographies on the Environment and Human Health
by Tara Rava ZolnikovThis book explores the link between individual lives and significant environmental issues affecting millions of people around the world. Zolnikov offers a novel perspective on the environment and human health through autoethnographic stories. Each chapter includes an overview of an environmental risk factor or issue, such as air quality, accompanied by a reflective personal story. Her experiences were gathered around the world and revolve around immersion into local cultures. Learning about environmental health through this qualitative approach will enable readers to understand how issues in the environment are currently affecting people on an individual basis.
Diseases of the Heart, Chest & Breast 2011-2014
by Christoph L. Zollikofer Gustav K. Schulthess Jürg HodlerWritten by internationally renowned experts, this volume deals with imaging of diseases of heart, chest and breast. The different topics are disease-oriented and cover all the relevant imaging modalities, including standard radiography, CT, nuclear medicine with PET, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, as well as imaging-guided interventions. This book presents a comprehensive review of current knowledge in imaging of the heart and chest , as well as thoracic interventions and a selection of "hot topics" of breast imaging. It will be particularly relevant for residents in radiology, but also very useful for experienced radiologists and clinicians specializing in thoracic disease and wishing to update their knowledge of this rapidly developing field.
Cracked Open: Liberty, Fertility and the Pursuit of High Tech Babies
by Miriam Zoll Judy Norsigian Michele GoodwinCracked Open is Miriam Zoll's eye-opening account of growing into womanhood with the simultaneous opportunities offered by the U. S. women's movement and new discoveries in reproductive technologies. Influenced by the pervasive media and cultural messages suggesting that science had finally eclipsed Mother Nature, Zoll postponed motherhood until the age of 40. When things didn't progress as she had hoped, she enters a world of medical seduction and bioethical quagmires. Desperate to conceive, she surrenders to unproven treatments and procedures only to learn that the odds of becoming a mother through reproductive technologies are far less than she and her generation had been led to believe.
Missing Pieces: A Chronicle of Living With a Disability
by Irving Kenneth Zolahe personal odyssey of a man with a disability, this passionate book tries to tell as well as analyze what it is like to have a disability in a world that values vigor and health. Zola writes, "Missing Pieces is an unraveling of a social problem in the manner of Black Like Me. Like its author, I, too, am a trained social observer, but for me 'passing' was not an issue. For I already have the stigmata of the disable - the braces, the limp, the cane - though I have spent much of my life denying their existence." The author started out in the role of a social scientist on a seven-day excursion to acquaint himself with an extraordinary experiment in living - Het Dorp, one of the few places in the world designed to promote "the optimum happiness" of those with severe physical disabilities. Neither a medial center nor a nursing home, Het Dorp is a village in the western-most part of the Netherlands. What began as a sociological attempt to describe this unusual setting became, through the author's growing awareness, what can only be called a socio-autobiography. Resuming his prior dependence on a wheelchair, the author experienced his own transformation from someone who is "normal" and "valid" to someone who is "invalid." The routine of Het Dorp became his: he lived in an architecturally modified home, visited the workshops, and shared meals, social events, conversation, and perceptions with the remarkably diverse residents. The author confronts some rarely discussed issues - the self-image of a person with a chronic disability, how one fills one's time, how one deals with authority and dependence, and love and sex. Missing Pieces offers striking insights into an aspect of the human condition shared by nearly 30 million Americans. It is must reading for the general reader, as well as for the rehabilitation counselor, social worker, or social scientist. Author note: Irving Kenneth Zola (1935-1994) was Professor of Sociology at Brandeis University and a founding member and counselor at the Boston Self-Help Center. Nancy Mairs is the author of seven books, including Waist-High in the World: A Life Among the Disabled, and most recently, A Troubled Guest: Life and Death Stories. She lives in Tucson with her husband, George.
Monoclonal Antibodies: The Second Generation
by Heddy ZolaA review of what needs to be done to realise the potential of monoclonal antibodies. The book assesses the competing technologies with advice on the best approach for a particular situation.
Paranoia: The madness that makes history
by Luigi ZojaLuigi Zoja presents an insightful analysis of the use and misuse of paranoia throughout history and in contemporary society. Zoja combines history with depth psychology, contemporary politics and tragic literature, resulting in a clear and balanced analysis presented with rare clarity. The devastating impact of paranoia on societies is explored in detail. Focusing on the contagious aspects of paranoia and its infectious, self-replicating dynamics, Zoja takes such diverse examples as Ajax and George W. Bush, Cain and the American Holocaust, Hitler, Stalin and Othello to illustrate his argument. He reconstructs the emblematic arguments that paranoia has promoted in Western history and examines how the power of the modern media and mass communication has affected how it spreads. Paranoia clearly examines how leaders lose control of their influence, how the collective unconscious acquires an autonomous life and how seductive its effects can be - more so than any political, religious or ideological discourse. This gripping study will be essential reading for depth and analytical psychologists, and academics and students of history, cultural studies, psychology, classical studies, literary studies, anthropology and sociology.
Modeling and Simulation of Infectious Diseases: Microscale Transmission, Decontamination and Macroscale Propagation
by Tarek I. ZohdiThe COVID-19 pandemic that started in 2019-2020 has led to a gigantic increase in modeling and simulation of infectious diseases. There are numerous topics associated with this epoch-changing event, such as (a) disease propagation, (b) transmission, (c) decontamination, and (d) vaccines. This is an evolving field. The targeted objective of this book is to expose researchers to key topics in this area, in a very concise manner. The topics selected for discussion have evolved with the progression of the pandemic. Beyond the introductory chapter on basic mathematics, optimization, and machine learning, the book covers four themes in modeling and simulation infectious diseases, specifically: Part 1: Macroscale disease propagation, Part 2: Microscale disease transmission and ventilation system design, Part 3: Ultraviolet viral decontamination, and Part 4: Vaccine design and immune response. It is important to emphasize that the rapid speed at which the simulations operate makes the presented computational tools easily deployable as digital twins, i.e., digital replicas of complex systems that can be inexpensively and safely optimized in a virtual setting and then used in the physical world afterward, thus reducing the costs of experiments and also accelerating development of new technologies.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
by Joseph ZoharA clear summary of what is known about a highly prevalent and debilitating disorder that affects nearly as many people as does asthma. Expert authors review the biological basis for the disorder and describe both pharmacological and psychological approaches to treatment.
Facilitating Resilience and Recovery Following Trauma
by Lori A. Zoellner Norah C. FeenyThis volume synthesizes cutting-edge research on natural processes of resilience and recovery, highlighting implications for trauma treatment and prevention. Prominent experts examine what enables many trauma survivors to heal over time without intervention, as well what causes others to develop long-term psychiatric problems. Identifying key, modifiable risk and resilience factors--such as cognitions and beliefs, avoidance, pain, and social support--the book provides recommendations for when (and when not) to intervene to promote recovery. Illustrative case examples are included. A section on specific populations discusses children, military personnel, and low socioeconomic status or marginalized communities.
Synthetic Sequences in Organic Chemistry
by Jerome ZoellerDrawing on the vast amount of experience the author has gained from working in industrial and university laboratories, this collection of excerpt reports contains essential details from literature relevant to the synthesis of compounds on a milligram to kilogram scale. The excerpts are composed using ChemDraw software and compiled in a Word document. A number of the compounds that have eluded efficient preparation in the past are now presented. Material which will improve any chemist's existing synthetic methodology can be found here. Each of the six chapters, with eighty excerpts, illustrates a novel application of syntheses selected from twenty-first-century literature. Features: This professional text describes many of the classical and contemporary methods of synthesis that have recently found great value in the preparation of needed target compounds in the required quantities. Each example is extracted from a specific literature publication, which the user then would examine for details. This user-friendly professional text provides enormous aid in designing synthetic sequences. Appeals to a broad audience in both academic and industrial laboratories, basically any chemist in need of designing a synthetic sequence or just selecting a single reaction. Author has a vast amount of experience gained from working in academic and industrial laboratories.
3D Printing in Bone Surgery
by Carmine Zoccali Pietro Ruggieri Francesco BenazzoFilling a gap in the literature, this is the first book to comprehensively discuss 3D printing applied to bone surgery. It provides both the scientific basics and practical applications, with a special focus on 3D-printed, custom-made titanium prostheses (3DPCMP) used for bone reconstruction following tumor resection. Initially applied to pelvic and scapular prostheses – because of their of highly complex anatomy – this technology is increasingly being adopted in other fields of orthopedics, such as limb surgery, traumatology and degenerative diseases. Throughout the book, experts from various fields share their knowledge, describing 3D printing applied to the reconstruction of different bone segments, reviewing each application and comparing it with traditional reconstruction. They also present real-world case studies from their clinical practice. Uniquely responding to the growing interest surrounding 3D printing for bone reconstruction, this book is invaluable for orthopedic, neuro- , head and neck as well as maxillofacial surgeons wishing to gain insights into this new and promising field.
What is Science?: Myths and Reality
by Jordanka ZlatanovaIn a multitude of ways, science affects the life of almost every person on earth. From medicine and nutrition to communication and transportation, the products of scientific research have changed human life. These changes have mostly taken place in the last two centuries, so rapidly that the average person is unable to keep informed. A consequence of this "information gap" has been the increasing suspicion of science and scientists. The lack of true understanding of science, especially of "fundamental" research, motivates this effort to narrow this gap by explaining scientific endeavor and the data-driven worldviews of scientists. Key Features Fills an existing void in the understanding of science among the general population Is written in a nontechnical language to facilitate understanding Covers a wide range of science-related subjects: The value of "basic research" How scientists work by sharing results and ideas How science is funded by governments and private entities Addresses the possible dangers of research and how society deals with such risks Expresses the viewpoint of an author with extensive experience working in laboratories all over the world
Brain-Machine Interface: Circuits and Systems
by Amir ZjajoThis book provides a complete overview of significant design challenges in respect to circuit miniaturization and power reduction of the neural recording system, along with circuit topologies, architecture trends, and (post-silicon) circuit optimization algorithms. The introduced novel circuits for signal conditioning, quantization, and classification, as well as system configurations focus on optimized power-per-area performance, from the spatial resolution (i. e. number of channels), feasible wireless data bandwidth and information quality to the delivered power of implantable system.
Me Before/ Me After: A Group Rehabilitation Programme for Brain Injury Survivors
by Leyla ZiyalMe Before, Me After is a complete programme for professionals who run rehabilitation groups for brain injury survivors. The programme's overarching goal is to retrieve the person behind the injury by helping survivors master the consequences of their brain injury. The approach combines CBT principles that develop awareness and recognition of mental events with CBT techniques that are instrumental in achieving behaviour change. The manual focuses on the three aspects of acquired brain injury that are integral to achieving gains through rehabilitation: 1) Change-awareness: develops awareness of the changes that are consequent upon brain injury. 2) Change-investigation: helps understand why these changes occur; how we interpret them and how we cope with them. 3) Change-mastery: helps gain mastery over these changes by developing and mobilising adaptive capability. Including extensive resources for practitioners, clients and support workers, this comprehensive manual provides everything you need in order to run the most effective brain injury rehabilitation groups in one place.
Biomaterials in Clinical Practice: Advances in Clinical Research and Medical Devices
by Fatima Zivic Nenad Grujovic Saverio Affatato Miroslav Trajanovic Matthias Schnabelrauch Kwang Leong ChoyThis book covers the properties of biomaterials that have found wide clinical applications, while also reviewing the state-of-the-art in the development towards future medical applications, starting with a brief introduction to the history of biomaterials used in hip arthroplasty. The book then reviews general types of biomaterials - polymers, ceramics, and metals, as well as different material structures such as porous materials and coatings and their applications - before exploring various current research trends, such as biodegradable and porous metals, shape memory alloys, bioactive biomaterials and coatings, and nanometals used in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. In turn, the book discusses a range of methods and approaches used in connection with biomaterial properties and characterization - chemical properties, biocompatibility, in vivo behaviour characterisation, as well as genotoxicity and mutagenicity - an d reviews various diagnostic techniques: histopathological analysis, imagining techniques, and methods for physicochemical and spectroscopic characterization. Properties of stent deployment procedures in cardiovascular surgeries, from aspects of prediction, development and deployment of stent geometries are presented on the basis of novel modelling approaches. The last part of the book presents the clinical applications of biomaterials, together with case studies in dentistry, knee and hip prosthesis. Reflecting the efforts of a multidisciplinary team of authors, gathering chemical engineers, medical doctors, physicists and engineers, it presents a rich blend of perspectives on the application of biomaterials in clinical practice. The book will provide clinicians with an essential review of currently available solutions in specific medical areas, also incorporating non-medical solutions and standpoints, thus offering them a broader selection of materials and implantable solutions. This work is the result of joint efforts of various academic and research institutions participating in WIMB Tempus project, 543898-TEMPUS-1-2013-1-ES-TEMPUS-JPHES, "Development of Sustainable Interrelations between Education, Research and Innovation at WBC Universities in Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials where Innovation Means Business", co-funded by the Tempus Programme of the European Union.
Oncoimmunology
by Laurence Zitvogel Guido KroemerIn this book, leading experts in cancer immunotherapy join forces to provide a comprehensive guide that sets out the main principles of oncoimmunology and examines the latest advances and their implications for clinical practice, focusing in particular on drugs with FDA/EMA approvals and breakthrough status. The aim is to deliver a landmark educational tool that will serve as the definitive reference for MD and PhD students while also meeting the needs of established researchers and healthcare professionals. Immunotherapy-based approaches are now inducing long-lasting clinical responses across multiple histological types of neoplasia, in previously difficult-to-treat metastatic cancers. The future challenges for oncologists are to understand and exploit the cellular and molecular components of complex immune networks, to optimize combinatorial regimens, to avoid immune-related side effects, and to plan immunomonitoring studies for biomarker discovery. The editors hope that this book will guide future and established health professionals toward the effective application of cancer immunology and immunotherapy and contribute significantly to further progress in the field.