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Global Dance Cultures in the 1970s and 1980s: Disco Heterotopias (Palgrave Studies in the History of Subcultures and Popular Music)
by Flora Pitrolo Marko ZubakThis book explores some of disco’s other lives which thrived between the 1970s and the 1980s, from oil-boom Nigeria to socialist Czechoslovakia, from post-colonial India to war-torn Lebanon. It charts the translation of disco as a cultural form into musical, geo-political, ideological and sociological landscapes that fall outside of its original conditions of production and reception, capturing the variety of scenes, contexts and reasons for which disco took on diverse dimensions in its global journey. With its deep repercussions in visual culture, gender politics, and successive forms of popular music, art, fashion and style, disco as a musical genre and dance culture is exemplary of how a subversive, marginal scene – that of queer and Black New York undergrounds in the early 1970s – turned into a mainstream cultural industry. As it exploded, atomised and travelled, disco served a number of different agendas; its aesthetic rootedness in ideas of pleasure, transgression and escapism and its formal malleability, constructed around a four-on-the-floor beat, allowed it to permeate a variety of local scenes for whom the meaning of disco shifted, sometimes in unexpected and radical ways.
Glenn Miller Declassified
by Dennis M. SpraggOn December 15, 1944, Maj. Alton Glenn Miller, commanding officer of the Army Air Force Band (Special), boarded a plane in England bound for France with Lt. Col. Norman Francis Baessell. Somewhere over the English Channel the plane vanished. No trace of the aircraft or its occupants has ever been found. To this day Miller, Baessell, and the pilot, John Robert Stuart Morgan, are classified as missing in action. Weaving together cultural and military history, Glenn Miller Declassified tells the story of the musical legend Miller and his military career as commanding officer of the Army Air Force Band during World War II. After a brief assignment to the Army Specialist Corps, Miller was assigned to the Army Air Forces Training Command and soon thereafter to Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force, in the UK. Later that year Miller and his band were to be transferred to Paris to expand the Allied Expeditionary Forces Programme, but Miller never made it. Miller’s disappearance resulted in numerous conspiracy theories, especially since much of the information surrounding his military service had been classified, restricted, or, in some cases, lost. Dennis M. Spragg has gained unprecedented access to the Miller family archives as well as military and government documents to lay such theories to rest and to demonstrate the lasting legacy and importance of Miller’s life, career, and service to his country.
Glenn Hughes: From Deep Purple To Black Country Communion
by Joel McIver Glenn Hughes Lars Ulrich<P>Vocalist, bassist and songwriter Glenn Hughes is a living, breathing personification of British rock, and the arc of his career and attendant lifestyle make for a compelling story. <P> Starting with the Midlands beat combo Finders Keepers in the 1960s, he formed acclaimed funk-rock band Trapeze in the early '70s before joining Deep Purple at their commercial peak. <P>Flying the world in Starship 1, the band's own Boeing 720 jet, Hughes enthusiastically embraced the rock superstar's lifestyle while playing on three Purple albums, including the classic Burn. <P> When the band split in 1976 Hughes embarked on a breakneck run of solo albums, collaborations and even a brief, chaotic spell fronting Black Sabbath. <P>All of this was accompanied by cocaine psychosis, crack addiction and other excesses, before Hughes survived a clean-up-or-die crisis, and embarked on a reinvigorated solo career enriched by a survivor's wisdom. <P>In his autobiography, Hughes talks us through this whirlwind of a life with unflinching honesty and good humour, taking us right up to date with his triumphant re-emergence in current supergroup Black Country Communion.
Glenn Gould: A Musical Force
by Vladimir KoniecznyGlenn Gould (1932-1982) was a prodigy who loathed the word, a brilliant pianist who disliked performing, and a public figure who craved solitude. With his recording of the Goldberg Variations by J.S. Bach, Gould became an international celebrity. Gould’s unusual interpretations, quirky stage mannerisms, and teasingly contrarian pronouncements fascinated and annoyed audiences and critics. He gave concerts in Canada, the United States, and abroad for several years. To everyone’s disbelief, he quit the concert stage just a few months short of his thirty-second birthday and immersed himself in his true love: the recording studio.
Glenn Gould: Music & Mind
by Geoffrey PayzantBiography of the famous pianist, including a bibliography, list of published compositions, filmography, and discography
Glastonbury 50: The Official Story of Glastonbury Festival
by Emily Eavis Michael EavisTHE SUNDAY TIMES BESTSELLERA BOOK OF THE YEAR PICK IN THE TIMES: 'Captivating'A ROUGH TRADE BOOK OF THE YEAR: 'In-depth and inspiring''Beautifully compiled ... the perfect festival experience' SUNDAY TIMESGlastonbury 50 is the authorised, behind-the-scenes, inside story of the music festival that has become a true global phenomenon. The story begins in 1970. The day after Jimi Hendrix's death... dairy farmer Michael Eavis invites revellers to his field in Somerset to attend a 'Pop, Folk & Blues' festival. Tickets are £1 each, enticing more than a thousand customers with the promise of music, dance, poetry, theatre, lights and spontaneous entertainment - as well as free milk from his own Worthy Farm cows.Fast forward through five tumultuous decades and the Eavis's vision now encompasses a gigantic 'city in the fields', with a total annual population nearing a quarter of a million. Tickets sell out within minutes, the show is beamed live to more than 40 countries around the globe, and over 3 million people are registered to attend. Meanwhile, the bill has expanded to include big name performers, artists and designers from every branch of the creative arts. Glastonbury Festival is now the largest outdoor green fields event in the world.In their own words, Michael and Emily Eavis reveal the stories behind the headlines, and celebrate 50 years of history in the Vale of Avalon. They're joined by a host of big-name contributors from the world of music - among them Adele, JAY-Z, Dolly Parton, Chris Martin, Noel Gallagher, Lars Ulrich and Guy Garvey. They're joined by artists - Stanley Donwood, Kurt Jackson and many more. Writers - Caitlin Moran, Lauren Laverne, Billy Bragg - and by a host of photographers, from Seventies icon Brian Walker to rock and roll legends Jill Furmanovsky and Greg Williams.Together they bring you the magic that makes Glastonbury, Glastonbury.
Glastonbury 50: The Official Story of Glastonbury Festival
by Emily Eavis Michael EavisTHE SUNDAY TIMES BESTSELLERA BOOK OF THE YEAR PICK IN THE TIMES: 'Captivating'A ROUGH TRADE BOOK OF THE YEAR: 'In-depth and inspiring''Beautifully compiled ... the perfect festival experience' SUNDAY TIMESGlastonbury 50 is the authorised, behind-the-scenes, inside story of the music festival that has become a true global phenomenon. The story begins in 1970. The day after Jimi Hendrix's death... dairy farmer Michael Eavis invites revellers to his field in Somerset to attend a 'Pop, Folk & Blues' festival. Tickets are £1 each, enticing more than a thousand customers with the promise of music, dance, poetry, theatre, lights and spontaneous entertainment - as well as free milk from his own Worthy Farm cows.Fast forward through five tumultuous decades and the Eavis's vision now encompasses a gigantic 'city in the fields', with a total annual population nearing a quarter of a million. Tickets sell out within minutes, the show is beamed live to more than 40 countries around the globe, and over 3 million people are registered to attend. Meanwhile, the bill has expanded to include big name performers, artists and designers from every branch of the creative arts. Glastonbury Festival is now the largest outdoor green fields event in the world.In their own words, Michael and Emily Eavis reveal the stories behind the headlines, and celebrate 50 years of history in the Vale of Avalon. They're joined by a host of big-name contributors from the world of music - among them Adele, JAY-Z, Dolly Parton, Chris Martin, Noel Gallagher, Lars Ulrich and Guy Garvey. They're joined by artists - Stanley Donwood, Kurt Jackson and many more. Writers - Caitlin Moran, Lauren Laverne, Billy Bragg - and by a host of photographers, from Seventies icon Brian Walker to rock and roll legends Jill Furmanovsky and Greg Williams.Together they bring you the magic that makes Glastonbury, Glastonbury.
Glaring Through Oblivion
by Serj TankianIn this strikingly illustrated book of original poetry, System of a Down fans gain an intimate glimpse into the soul of the band's frontman, Serj Tankian. For fans stirred by the cerebral lyrics of SOAD albums Hypnotize, Mesmerize, Steal This Album!, Toxicity, and their first, self-titled breakthrough—and for everyone enthusiastic about Serj’s solo album, Imperfect Harmonies—this essential, one-of-a-kind collection of Tankian’s innermost thoughts and feelings is a must-read. Unique illustrations punctuate nearly 70 poems—almost none of which have ever been published before. Glaring through Oblivion is an indispensable find for any true fan.
The Glamour Chase: The Maverick Life of Billy Mackenzie
by Tom DoyleThe definitive biography of the Scottish singer-songwriter and leader of the Associates—with a new foreword by Björk. A first-rate charmer with a devilish twinkle in his eye, Billy MacKenzie was a maverick figure within the music industry. At the same time, his wild and mischievous spirit may have done him more harm than good. As frontman of the Associates, gifted with an otherwordly, octave-scaling operatic voice, MacKenzie, rose to Top Twenty chart success in 1982. Then, at the height of their success, the Associates split up. Over the ensuing years, MacKenzie gained a reputation for his unhinged career tactics, generous spirit and knack for squandering large amounts of record-company money. Born in Dundee in 1957, he was the eldest son in a large Catholic family. He was bullied at school and sought refuge in music. He was a schemer and dreamer, a breeder of whippet dogs and a bisexual who kept quiet about his private life. During his lifetime, his unique vocal gift attracted the attention of Shirley Bassey, Annie Lennox and Bjork. However, in the tradition of Scott Walker, Syd Barrett and Nick Drake, MacKenzie's tale is one of thwarted talent and, ultimately, tragedy.
A Glad Obedience: Why and What We Sing
by Walter BrueggemannThe Christian practice of hymn singing, says renowned biblical scholar Walter Brueggemann, is a countercultural act. It marks the Christian community as different from an unforgiving and often ungrateful culture. It is also, he adds, an "absurd enterprise” in the midst of the hyper-busy, market-driven society that surrounds us. In this helpful and engaging volume, Brueggemann discusses both why we sing and what we sing. The first part of the book examines the Psalms and what they can teach us about the reasons that corporate song is a part of the Christian tradition. The second part looks at fifteen popular hymns, including classic and contemporary ones such as “Blest Be the Ties That Binds,” “God's Eye Is on the Sparrow,” “Once to Every Man and Nation,” “Someone Asked the Question,” and “We Are Marching in the Light of God,” and the reasons why they have caught our imagination.
Gizmos, Gadgets, and Guitars: The Story of Leo Fender
by Michael MahinThe picture book biography of ingenious American inventor Leo Fender, creator of the world’s most iconic Fender electric guitars. For readers who love Iggy Peck, Architect.Leo Fender loved to thinker and tinker and take things apart and put them back together again. When he lost an eye in a childhood accident, he refused to think of himself as broken. With a new pair of magnifying glasses, Leo got back to doing what he loved, fixing machines big and small—even broken instruments.His inventions—which included the Telecaster and the Stratocaster—would inspire the rock ’n’ roll generation and go on to amplify the talents of legendary guitarists Muddy Waters, Jimi Hendrix, Eric Clapton, and Bonnie Raitt, among others. Fender’s brilliant engineering vision connected science and art forever.Christy Ottaviano Books
Giving Voice to Traditional Songs: Jean Redpath's Autobiography, 1937–2014
by Jean RedpathA firsthand account of the singer's humble beginnings and the passion that made her the true voice of traditional Scottish songsAcclaimed Scottish singer Jean Redpath (1937-2014) is best remembered for her impressive repertoire of ancient ballads, Robert Burns songs, and contemporary folk music, recorded and performed over a career spanning some fifty years, from the 1960s until her death in 2014. In Giving Voice to Traditional Songs, Mark Brownrigg helps capture Redpath's idiosyncratic and often humorous voice through his interviews with her during the last eighteen months of her life. Here Redpath reflects on her humble beginnings, her Scottish heritage, her life's journey, and her mission of preserving, performing, and teaching traditional song.A native of Edinburgh, Redpath was raised in a family of singers of traditional Scots songs. She broadened her knowledge of the tradition through work with the Edinburgh Folk Society and later as a student of Scottish studies at Edinburgh University. Prior to graduation, Redpath abandoned her studies to follow her passion of singing. Her independent spirit took her to the United States, where she found commercial success amid the Greenwich Village folk-music revival in New York in the 1960s. There she shared a house and concert stages with Bob Dylan and Ramblin' Jack Elliott. Often praised for her unaccompanied, gentle voice, Redpath received a rave review in the New York Times, which launched her career and lead to her wide recognition as a true voice of traditional Scottish songs.As a regular guest on Garrison Keillor's A Prairie Home Companion radio show, Redpath endeared herself to millions with her soft melodies and amusing tales. Her extensive knowledge of traditional Scottish music history lead to appointments as artist in residence at universities in the United States and Scotland, where she taught courses on traditional song. Among her final performances was a 2009 appearance on the Late Show with David Letterman.Redpath's extraordinary career has been celebrated with many accolades, including honorary doctorates from several universities, an appointment as Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II, and induction into the Scottish Traditional Music Hall of Fame. Although Redpath preferred not to be labeled as a folk singer, a term she found restrictive, she is revered as the most prominent Scottish folk singer of the postwar era.
Giving Voice to Democracy in Music Education: Diversity and Social Justice in the Classroom (Routledge Studies in Music Education)
by Lisa C. DeLorenzoThis book examines how music education presents opportunities to shape democratic awareness through political, pedagogical, and humanistic perspectives. Focusing on democracy as a vital dimension in teaching music, the essays in this volume have particular relevance to teaching music as democratic practice in both public schooling and in teacher education. Although music educators have much to learn from others in the educational field, the actual teaching of music involves social and political dimensions unique to the arts. In addition, teaching music as democratic practice demands a pedagogical foundation not often examined in the general teacher education community. Essays include the teaching of the arts as a critical response to democratic participation; exploring democracy in the music classroom with such issues as safe spaces, sexual orientation, music of the Holocaust, improvisation, race and technology; and music teaching/music teacher education as a form of social justice. Engaging with current scholarship, the book not only probes the philosophical nature of music and democracy, but also presents ways of democratizing music curriculum and human interactions within the classroom. This volume offers the collective wisdom of international scholars, teachers, and teacher educators and will be essential reading for those who teach music as a vital force for change and social justice in both local and global contexts.
Givin' It Their All: The Backstreet Boys' Rise to the Top
by Sherri RifkinOUT OF THE BACKSTREETSINTO THE SPOTLIGHTThere's just no stopping these funky five from Florida. One of the hottest music groups around, the Backstreet Boys (BSB) launched themselves to superstardom in an amazingly short time, topping the charts and winning awards all over the world. Everyone's heard the smooth harmonies and jamming beats of these all-American heartthrobs, but do you really know what makes them tick?GIVIN' IT THEIR ALL is the ultimate source for finding out the real scoop about BSB. Learn the secret details of each and every Backstreet Boy--Kevin, the group's unofficial leader; A.J., the talker; Howie D., the peacemaker; Nick, the youngest boy in the pack; and B-Rok, the joker. Hear of the group's magical beginnings and discover how the boys first conquered the world overseas, then returned to the States to burn up the charts on their home turf. Plus, get the 411 on their love lives, future plans, slamming style, and the unique ways the dedicated fans are keeping the Backstreet Pride alive. An unauthorized biographyIncludes a Bonus BSB Resource Guide with info on how to find, access, and buy cool BSB stuff!From the Paperback edition.
Give Peace a Chant
by Dario MartinelliThis monograph offers a unique analysis of social protest in popular music. It presents theoretical descriptions, methodological tools, and an approach that encompasses various fields of musicology, cultural studies, semiotics, discourse analysis, media studies, and political and social sciences. The author argues that protest songs should be taken as a musical genre on their own. He points out that the general approach, when discussing these songs, has been so far that of either analyzing the lyrics or the social context. For some reason, the music itself has been often overlooked. This book attempts to fill this gap. Its central thesis is that a complete overview of these repertoires demands a thorough interaction among contextual, lyrical, and musical elements together. To accomplish this, the author develops a novel model that systemizes and investigates musical repertoires. The model is then applied to four case studies, those, too, chosen among topics that are little (or not at all) frequented by scholars.
Give My Swiss Chards to Broadway: The Broadway Lover's Cookbook
by Gideon Glick Adam D. RobertsAn exhilarating, pun-filled love letter to musicals, with 50 Broadway-inspired recipes. Good food and trivia and authors who sing—these are a few of our favorite things! Tony-nominated actor Gideon Glick and food writer Adam Roberts have teamed up to write the ultimate cookbook for theater lovers. This collection of musical-inspired recipes includes dishes like Yolklahoma!, Clafoutis and the Beast, Yam Yankees, Dear Melon Hansen, and more. And while readers are sure to be charmed by the names, the recipes themselves will have them sticking around for the food, glorious food! Thoughtfully assembled by two veritable Broadway experts, this book is sure to result in some enchanted eating. Each dish comes with a brief history of the show that inspired it, a summary of the plot, and “Listening Notes” chock-full of behind-the-scenes trivia. Complete with lively illustrations from celebrated theatrical illustrator Justin “Squigs” Robertson, Give My Swiss Chards to Broadway makes every meal feel like a night at the theater.
Give My Poor Heart Ease Voices Of The Mississippi Blues
by William FerrisThroughout the 1960s and 1970s, folklorist William Ferris toured his home state of Mississippi, documenting the voices of African Americans as they spoke about and performed the diverse musical traditions that form the authentic roots of the blues. Now,Give My Poor Heart Easeputs front and center a searing selection of the artistically and emotionally rich voices from this invaluable documentary record. Illustrated with Ferris's photographs of the musicians and their communities and including a CD of original music and a DVD of original film, the book features more than twenty interviews relating frank, dramatic, and engaging narratives about black life and blues music in the heart of the American South. Here are the stories of artists who have long memories and speak eloquently about their lives, blues musicians who represent a wide range of musical traditions--from one-strand instruments, bottle-blowing, and banjo to spirituals, hymns, and prison work chants. Celebrities such as B. B. King and Willie Dixon, along with performers known best in their neighborhoods, express the full range of human and artistic experience--joyful and gritty, raw and painful. In an autobiographical introduction, Ferris reflects on how he fell in love with the vibrant musical culture that was all around him but was considered off limits to a white Mississippian during a troubled era. This magnificent volume illuminates blues music, the broader African American experience, and indeed the history and culture of America itself.
Give 'Em Soul, Richard!: Race, Radio, and Rhythm and Blues in Chicago
by Richard E. StamzAs either observer or participant, radio deejay and political activist Richard E. Stamz witnessed every significant period in the history of blues and jazz in the last century. From performing first-hand as a minstrel in the 1920s to broadcasting Negro League baseball games in a converted 1934 Chrysler to breaking into Chicago radio and activist politics and hosting his own television variety show, the remarkable story of his life also is a window into milestones of African American history throughout the twentieth century. Dominating the airwaves with his radio show "Open the Door, Richard" on WGES in Chicago, Stamz cultivated friendships with countless music legends, including Willie Dixon, Sonny Boy Williamson, Little Walter, Howlin' Wolf, Memphis Slim, and Leonard Chess. The pioneering Chicago broadcaster and activist known as "The Crown Prince of Soul" died in 2007 at the age of 101, but not before he related the details of his life and career to college professor Patrick A. Roberts. Give 'Em Soul, Richard! surrounds Stamz's memories of race records, juke joints, and political action in Chicago's Englewood neighborhood with insights on the larger historical trends that were unfolding around him in radio and American history. Narrated by Stamz, this entertaining and insightful chronicle includes commentary by Roberts as well as reflections on the unlikely friendship and collaboration between a black radio legend and a white academic that resulted in one of the few existing first-hand accounts of Chicago's post-war radio scene.
Giuseppe Verdi His Life and Works
by Francis ToyeA biography with extensive commentary on Verdi's works and the events surrounding their composition and production.“THE origin and above all the length of this book demand a few words of explanation. The origin is simple enough. Some five years ago I was lucky enough to hear several performances of Verdi operas at La Scala under Toscanini, and these performances brought with them a conviction that the importance attached to Verdi by conventional musical opinion in England was miserably inadequate. I was not unprepared for this. Nobody who had the good fortune at Cambridge to come under the influence of Professor Dent, most large-minded and stimulating of teachers, was likely to consider the composer of “Il Trovatore” a mere purveyor of tunes. Performances, usually indifferent, of the operas in England and Germany had already given me great pleasure; a few, in Italy, greater pleasure still. But in Milan I was carried away by a new enthusiasm, a sudden realisation that this music contained vital and poetical elements distinct from those of any other music even when presented by the same conductor in the same conditions. Elements, it should be explained, not necessarily better but different and capable, moreover, of awakening a particularly responsive echo in me.”
Giuseppe Verdi: A Research and Information Guide (Routledge Music Bibliographies #Vol. 42)
by Gregory W. HarwoodThis comprehensive research guide surveys the most significant published materials relating to Giuseppe Verdi. This new edition includes research since the publication of the first edition in 1998.
Giuseppe Verdi: A Guide to Research (Routledge Music Bibliographies Ser.)
by Gregory W. HarwoodFirst Published in 1998. Giuseppe Verdi already stood out as a distinctive and unusually significant composer by the time his career was barely underway. Today, Verdi scholars build their work on a vast foundation of earlier research. For researchers who have not spent years with the Verdi literature or who may just be starting to explore some aspect of this giant’s fife and works, this foundation may seem daunting indeed. It is primarily for these researchers that this guide is intended. Its purpose is to index and describe some of the most significant studies about the composer, presenting enough material in annotations that researchers may survey the many myriad directions Verdi research has gone, ascertain the relevance of individual items to their individual interests, and pursue significant patterns and threads in which they are interested.
Gitarrenakkorde für Dummies (Für Dummies)
by Antoine PolinGanz gleich was Sie als Gitarrist spielen wollen, Akkorde sollten Sie auf jeden Fall beherrschen: Ob Sie mit einer Band auftreten, auf Familienfesten und am Lagerfeuer Gesang begleiten, einfach nur gerne für sich selbst spielen oder auch eigene Songs komponieren. "Gitarrenakkorde für Dummies" stellt Ihnen über 400 Akkorde vor und der Autor gibt Ihnen zu vielen auch noch ganz spezielle Tipps. So können Sie selbst neue Varianten in Songs einbauen und einem schon häufig gehörten Lied neuen Schwung geben. In einer kurzen Einleitung erfahren Sie, was Sie allgemein über Akkorde und Barrégriffe wissen sollten. So werden Sie von Seite zu Seite ein besserer Gitarrist.
Gitarre lernen in 15 Minuten am Tag für Dummies (Für Dummies)
by Antoine PolinSie wollen Gitarre spielen lernen, wissen aber nicht so recht, wo Sie anfangen sollen und wie Sie dies in Ihren den Alltag integrieren sollen? Kein Problem, in diesem Buch erwartet Sie in den nächsten vier Monaten ein ausgeklügeltes Programm, mit dem Sie schnell Erfolge sehen und das in nur 15 Minuten am Tag! 16 Wochen lang begleitet Sie Antoine Polin an der Gitarre und stellt Ihnen nach und nach alle wichtigen Akkorde vor - samt praktischen Tipps und Tricks und vielen Übungen. Zu Beginn der Woche lernen Sie jeweils neue Akkorde kennen, auf denen die Übungen für die Woche basieren. Am Ende der Woche wird gemeinsam Bilanz gezogen und ein Tag pausiert. Alle Hörbeispiele stehen Ihnen als Download zur Verfügung, denn das Ohr lernt natürlich mit. So werden Sie Tag für Tag ein bisschen besser bis Sie bald problemlos ganze Stücke spielen können.
Girls to the Front: The True Story of the Riot Grrrl Revolution
by Sara Marcus“Not only a historical rockument of the revolutionary 90s counterculture Riot Grrrl movement. . . but also a rousing inspiration for a new generation of empowered rebel girls to strap on guitars and stick it to The Man.” — Vanity FairGirls to the Front is the epic, definitive history of the Riot Grrrl movement—the radical feminist punk uprising that exploded into the public eye in the 1990s, altering America’s gender landscape forever. Author Sara Marcus, a music and politics writer for Time Out New York, Slate.com, Pos, and Heeb magazine, interweaves research, interviews, and her own memories as a Riot Grrrl front-liner. Her passionate, sophisticated narrative brilliantly conveys the story of punk bands like Bikini Kill, Bratmobile, Heavens to Betsy—as well as successors like Sleater-Kinney, Partyline, and Kathleen Hanna’s Le Tigre—and their effect on today’s culture.
Girls Like Us: Carole King, Joni Mitchell, Carly Simon and the Journey of a Generation
by Sheila WellerBiographies of 3 top female singers of the 1960s.