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Big Data and Data Science Engineering: Volume 6 (Studies in Computational Intelligence #1139)
by Roger LeeThe book reports state-of-the-art results in Big Data and Data Science Engineering in both printed and electronic form. Studies in Computation Intelligence (SCI) has grown into the most comprehensive computational intelligence research forum available in the world. This book publishes original papers on both theory and practice that address foundations, state-of-the-art problems and solutions, and crucial challenges.
Big Data und Advanced Analytics im Controlling: Potenziale, Herausforderungen und Implikationen für die Praxis
by Andreas VorndranDie Digitalisierung und Entwicklungen im Gebiet der künstlichen Intelligenz haben in den letzten Jahren erhebliche Veränderungen in der Gesellschaft und der Unternehmenspraxis hervorgerufen. Aufkommende Technologien in den Feldern Big Data und Advanced Analytics werden auch im Controlling zunehmend diskutiert oder bereits eingesetzt. Dabei befinden sich der Wissensstand, inwieweit Big Data und Advanced Analytics das Controlling beeinflussen und verändern können, und die praktische Anwendung noch in einem frühen Stadium. Diese Arbeit befasst sich deshalb mit der Untersuchung der möglichen Auswirkungen von Big Data und Advanced Analytics im Controlling. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden die Einflüsse dieser digitalen Trends auf den Informationsversorgungsprozess des Controllings, auf die Erfüllung Controlling-spezifischer Anforderungen an Informationen und auf das Forecasting, die Budgetierung und die strategische Planung analysiert. Ferner werden praxisrelevante Herausforderungen, Grenzen und Risiken bei der Implementierung und Nutzung identifiziert sowie Implikationen zu deren Umgang zur Ausschöpfung der Potenziale abgeleitet.
Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2023: Proceedings of the 14th Annual Meeting of the BICA Society (Studies in Computational Intelligence #1130)
by Alexei V. Samsonovich Tingting LiuThe book focuses on original approaches intended to support the development of biologically inspired cognitive architectures. It bridges together different disciplines, including artificial intelligence, linguistics, neuro- and social sciences, psychology and philosophy of mind, among others. The chapters are based on contributions presented at the 2023 Annual International Conference on Brain-Inspired Cognitive Architectures for Artificial Intelligence (the 14th Annual Meeting of the BICA Society, BICA*AI 2023), organized in collaboration with the University of Ningbo and held on October 13-15, 2023, in Ningbo, China. The book discusses emerging methods, theories and ideas towards the realization of general-purpose humanlike artificial intelligence or fostering a better understanding of the ways the human mind works. It provides engineers, mathematicians, psychologists, computer scientists and other experts with a timely snapshot of recent research and a source of inspiration for future developments in the broadly intended areas of artificial intelligence and biological inspiration.
Biomedical Engineering Science and Technology: Second International Conference, ICBEST 2023, Raipur, India, February 10–11, 2023, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #2003)
by Bikesh Kumar Singh G. R. Sinha Rishikesh PandeyThis CCIS post conference volume constitutes the proceedings of the Second International Conference, ICBEST 2023, in Raipur, India, in February 2023. The 32 full papers together in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 60 submissions. The conference's fundamental theme was "Computing in Biomedical Research". They were organized in three tracks as follows: Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare; Computational Mechanics in Healthcare and Health Informatics.
Biomedical Image Analysis: Special Applications in MRIs and CT scans (Brain Informatics and Health)
by Pritpal SinghThis book provides an in-depth study of biomedical image analysis. Itreviews and summarizes previous research work in biomedical image analysis andalso provides a brief introduction to other computation techniques, such asfuzzy sets, neutrosophic sets, clustering algorithm and fast forward quantumoptimization algorithm, focusing on how these techniques can be integrated intodifferent phases of the biomedical image analysis. In particular, this bookdescribes novel methods resulting from the fuzzy sets, neutrosophic sets,clustering algorithm and fast forward quantum optimization algorithm. It alsodemonstrates how a new quantum-clustering based model can be successfullyapplied in the context of clustering the COVID-19 CT scans. Thanks to itseasy-to-read style and the clear explanations of the models, the book can beused as a concise yet comprehensive reference guide to biomedical imageanalysis, and will be valuable not only for graduate students, but also forresearchers and professionals working for academic, business and governmentinstitutes and medical colleges.
Birkhoff–James Orthogonality and Geometry of Operator Spaces (Infosys Science Foundation Series)
by Arpita Mal Kallol Paul Debmalya SainThis book provides an insight into the geometric aspects of the spaces of operators studied by using the notion of Birkhoff–James orthogonality. It studies the norm attainment set of an operator and its properties, the notion of which plays a very important role in the characterization of B-J orthogonality of operators. The structure of the norm attainment set is studied for Hilbert space operators and is yet to be understood completely for operators between Banach spaces. The book explores the interrelation between B-J orthogonality in the ground space and in the space of operators in its fullest generality. The book further explores the concept of approximate B-J orthogonality and investigated its geometry both in the ground space as well as in the space of operators. It highlights important geometric properties like smoothness and k-smoothness of bounded linear operators, extreme contractions and symmetricity of bounded linear operators defined between Hilbert spaces as well as Banach spaces.
Blockchain Technology and Emerging Applications: Third EAI International Conference, BlockTEA 2023, Wuhan, China, December 2-3, 2023, Proceedings (Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering #577)
by Jiageng Chen Zhe XiaThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Blockchain Technology and Emerging Applications, BlockTEA 2023, held in December 2-3, 2023 in Wuhan, China. The 10 regular papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 41 submissions. Blockchain technology has been emerging as a potential technology to be applied in various domains, including finance, computer science, electronic engineering, agriculture, healthcare and more. The blockchain-based applications are able to aid the current systems and networks by leveraging the benefits provided by blockchain technology, such as a decentralized, immutable, and cryptographically secured ledger.
The Blue Book: Smart sustainable coastal cities and blue growth strategies for marine and maritime environments
by Stamatina Th. RassiaThis volume offers a wealth of results written by experts from interdisciplinary fields, contributing on a diversity of topics targeting marine and maritime environmental sustainability in coastal and ocean-related areas. The reader will benefit from the diversity and breadth of topical coverage as well as concepts conveyed from a variety researchers. The book serves as an open knowledge platform combining many aspects of SDG #11 including naval architecture and marine engineering, ecology, biomedical informatics, public health, architecture engineering and building physics, nanotechnology as well as advanced technologies, innovation and related fields. The broad range of topics cover ecology, shipping, and health related issues. Specifically, the book presents chapters on the following: · Shipping and ecology · Topics of ocean wildlife and mega-fauna protection · Big Data and sustainable applications for healthy and safe coastal cities · Smart sustainable humanitarian assistance methods using large vessels · Smart coastal city tourist activity, mobility management · Urban climate condition mitigation · Historical analysis of the case of disease outbreaks onboard ships · Monitoring, simulating and decision making while developing housing at sea, such as in cruise-ships · Conducting feasibility assessment for outbreak prevention following real-time, systematic disease detection on cruise ships · Technological approaches for cruise ship disease propagation monitoring · Scenario testing for sensors and actuators deployment to prevent and mitigate epidemics on cruise ships, as well as methods for improving biological safety on ships using nanotechnology The book is expected to engage researchers in multidisciplinary areas as well as students and interested readers.
Boolean Networks as Predictive Models of Emergent Biological Behaviors (Elements in the Structure and Dynamics of Complex Networks)
by null Jordan C. Rozum null Colin Campbell null Eli Newby null Fatemeh Sadat Nasrollahi null Réka AlbertInteracting biological systems at all organizational levels display emergent behavior. Modeling these systems is made challenging by the number and variety of biological components and interactions – from molecules in gene regulatory networks to species in ecological networks – and the often-incomplete state of system knowledge, such as the unknown values of kinetic parameters for biochemical reactions. Boolean networks have emerged as a powerful tool for modeling these systems. This Element provides a methodological overview of Boolean network models of biological systems. After a brief introduction, the authors describe the process of building, analyzing, and validating a Boolean model. They then present the use of the model to make predictions about the system's response to perturbations and about how to control its behavior. The Element emphasizes the interplay between structural and dynamical properties of Boolean networks and illustrates them in three case studies from disparate levels of biological organization.
Boundary Value Problems: Advanced Fractional Dynamic Equations on Time Scales (Synthesis Lectures on Mathematics & Statistics)
by Svetlin GeorgievThis book explores boundary value problems for fractional dynamic equations on arbitrary time scales, including Caputo fractional dynamic equations, impulsive Caputo fractional dynamic equations, and impulsive Riemann-Liouville fractional dynamic equations. The author provides an introduction to each fractional dynamic equation before delving into the problems. The book also covers initial value problems, boundary value problems, initial boundary value problems for each type of equation. The author provides integral representations of the solutions and proves the existence and uniqueness of the solutions.
Brain-like Super Intelligence from Bio-electromagnetism (Studies in Rhythm Engineering)
by Anirban Bandyopadhyay Kanad RayThis book discusses various aspects of bioinspired technologies but with an additional emphasis on the medical science, starting from the popular article on neurobiology to pure biophysics that ends with the superintelligence of biological systems that could be reverse engineered. It covers eight different aspects of natural intelligence, starting from the fundamental electromagnetic properties of a protein to the vibrations and the resonance of the entire biomaterial system. It also covers a wide spectrum of hierarchical communication among different biological systems for intelligence and then medical science is applied.
BRST Symmetry and de Rham Cohomology
by Soon-Tae HongThis book provides an advanced introduction to extended theories of quantum field theory and algebraic topology, including Hamiltonian quantization associated with some geometrical constraints, symplectic embedding and Hamilton-Jacobi quantization and Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) symmetry, as well as de Rham cohomology. This extended new edition offers a multifaced insight into phenomenology of particles such as baryons and photons, in terms of extended objects. In particular, in the second edition, the baryons are described in hypersphere soliton model, and the photon properties are additionally included in stringy photon model and in Dirac type relativistic quantum mechanics for a photon.It offers a critical overview of the research in this area and unifies the existing literatures, employing a consistent notation. Although the results presented apply in principle to all alternative quantization schemes, special emphasis is placed on the BRST quantization and its de Rham cohomology group which contribute to a deep understanding of constrained physical theories. The book describes how solitons and other models subject to constraints include rigorous treatments of the geometrical constraints which affect the predictions themselves. The book is intended for use by any graduate-level student with quantum field and relativity theories, and it also serves as a useful reference for those working in the field. An extensive bibliography guides the reader toward the source literature on particular topics.
Building a Low-Carbon Future: Adaptive Control Strategies for Distributed Energy Networks (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #506)
by Jiayue Sun Meina Zhai Shu Liu Peng ShiThis book aims to emphasize the state-of-the-art research in realizing the optimal synthesis of microgrid voltage regulation problems using adaptive multi-agent control theory. The contents of this book are divided into four parts. The book describes the microgrid voltage regulation model construction. Building upon this foundation, the book investigates fault-tolerant and event-triggered control problems under different constraints. The effectiveness and applicability of the design methods are verified by simulation arithmetic and applications.The key features of this book are summarized as follows.1) Development of a unified modeling framework for the analysis and design of voltage regulation protocols. 2) Utilization of a novel approach to analyze microgrid secondary control systems, addressing various issues such as event triggering and fault-tolerant control problems. 3) A set of newly developed techniques (e.g., Lyapunov stability theory, LMI techniques) is used to addressemerging voltage regulation challenges.This book is a timely reflection of developments in the new field of integrated theory of voltage regulation and multi-agent system control for microgrids. It serves as a comprehensive collection of the latest research findings, making it a valuable textbook for senior and graduate students who are interested in acquiring knowledge about the following: 1) the latest techniques in microgrid voltage regulation; 2) the latest advances in multi-agent system control; and 3) the latest advances in stability/performance analysis, tracking control, fault-tolerant control, event-triggeredcontrol, and adaptive control. The content of this monograph is divided into six parts. 1) Part one studies the classical problems of microgrid control and multi-agent control. 2) Part two focuses on the event-triggered fault-tolerant voltage restoration problem for islanded microgrids. 3) Part three addresses the fully distributed fault-tolerant secondary event-triggered control of microgrids under directed graphs. 4) Part four examines the output feedback-based fault-tolerant load voltage regulation problem using intermittent communication. 5) Part five presents the secondary load voltage and frequency regulation control based on hierarchical fault-tolerant containment control. 5) Part six investigates the distributed critical bus voltage regulation control problem for multiple microgrids with a positive minimum inter-event time.
Building Your Career as a Statistician: A Practical Guide to Longevity, Happiness, and Accomplishment
by Craig MallinckrodtThis book is intended for anyone who is considering a career in statistics or a related field, or those at any point in their career with sufficient work time remaining such that investing in additional learning could be beneficial. As such, the book would be suitable for anyone pursing an MS or PhD in statistics or those already working in statistics. The book focuses on the non-statistical aspects of being a statistician that are crucial for success. These factors include 1) productivity and prioritization, 2) innovation and creativity, 3) communication, 4) critical thinking and decisions under uncertainty, 5) influence and leadership, 6) working relationships, and 7) career planning and continued learning. Each of these chapters includes sections on foundational principles and a section on putting those principles into practice. Connections between these individual skills are emphasized such that the reader can appreciate how the skills build upon each other leading to a whole that is greater than the sum of its parts. By including the individual perspectives from other experts on the fundamental principles and their application, readers will have a well-rounded view on how to build upon and fully leverage their technical skills in statistics. The primary audience for the book is large and diverse. It will be useful for self-study by virtually any statistician, but could also be used as a text in a graduate program that includes a course on careers and career development.Key Features: Takes principles proven to be useful in other settings and applies them to statisticians and statistical settings. Focused Concise Accessible to all levels, from grad students to mid-later career statisticians.
Business Analytics: Applied Modelling and Prediction
by James AbdeyAnalytical skills are in high demand but short supply. Through a unique combination of data visualisation and analytics (both theoretical and applied), this ground-breaking textbook provides you with the expertise to analyse, interpret and communicate data with confidence, to inform real-world decision-making. Key features include: • Clear signalling of introductory, intermediate and advanced content • An entire chapter dedicated to data visualisation, introducing Tableau for storytelling with data • Motivational cases throughout showing how the theory relates to real life • A wide variety of end-of-chapter exercises to test your understanding of the topics covered • Online examples and datasets to help you master your analytics skills through hands-on learning Lecturers also have access a range of online resources developed to support teaching, including a Teaching Guide, solutions to end-of-chapter exercises, PowerPoints and a testbank. Business Analytics: Applied Modelling and Prediction is suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate students of Business Analytics. Dr James Abdey is an Associate Professor (Education) in Statistics at The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE).
Business Analytics: Applied Modelling and Prediction
by James AbdeyAnalytical skills are in high demand but short supply. Through a unique combination of data visualisation and analytics (both theoretical and applied), this ground-breaking textbook provides you with the expertise to analyse, interpret and communicate data with confidence, to inform real-world decision-making. Key features include: • Clear signalling of introductory, intermediate and advanced content • An entire chapter dedicated to data visualisation, introducing Tableau for storytelling with data • Motivational cases throughout showing how the theory relates to real life • A wide variety of end-of-chapter exercises to test your understanding of the topics covered • Online examples and datasets to help you master your analytics skills through hands-on learning Lecturers also have access a range of online resources developed to support teaching, including a Teaching Guide, solutions to end-of-chapter exercises, PowerPoints and a testbank. Business Analytics: Applied Modelling and Prediction is suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate students of Business Analytics. Dr James Abdey is an Associate Professor (Education) in Statistics at The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE).
Business Process Management Workshops: BPM 2023 International Workshops, Utrecht, The Netherlands, September 11–15, 2023, Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing #492)
by Jochen De Weerdt Luise PufahlThis book constitutes revised papers from the International Workshops held at the 21st International Conference on Business Process Management, BPM 2023, in Utrecht, The Netherlands, during September 2023.Papers from the following workshops are included:• 7th International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence for Business Process Management (AI4BPM 2023)• 7th International Workshop on Business Processes Meet Internet-of-Things (BP-Meet-IoT 2023)• 19th International Workshop on Business Process Intelligence (BPI 2023)• 16th International Workshop on Social and Human Aspects of Business Process Management (BPMS2 2023)• 2nd International Workshop on Data-Driven Business Process Optimization (BPO 2023)• 11th International Workshop on Declarative, Decision and Hybrid Approaches to Processes (DEC2H 2023)• 1st International Workshop on Digital Twins for Business Processes (DT4BP 2023)• 1st International Workshop on Formal Methods for Business Process Management (FM-BPM 2023) • 2nd International Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Business Process Management (NLP4BPM 2023)• 1st International Workshop on Object-Centric Processes from A to Z (OBJECTS 2023)• 3rd International Workshop on Change, Drift, and Dynamics of Organizational Processes (ProDy 2023) Each of the workshops focused on particular aspects of business process management. Overall, after a thorough review process, 42 full papers were selected from a total of 86 submissions.
Business Statistics for Competitive Advantage with Excel and JMP: Basics, Model Building, Simulation, and Cases
by Cynthia FraserThis book is the latest title of the popular Excel textbook; redesigned, while including interactive, user-friendly JMP to encourage business students to develop competitive advantages for use in their future careers. How can performance outcome drivers be identified? How can performance outcomes be forecast? Use of regression, conjoint analysis, Monte Carlo simulation provide answers and solutions for specific scenarios. Students learn to build models, produce statistics, and translate results into implications for decision makers.The text features new and updated examples and assignments, and each chapter discusses a focal case from the business world which can be analyzed using the statistical strategies and software provided in the text. Paralleling recent interest in climate change and sustainability, new case studies concentrate on issues such as the impact of drought on business, automobile emissions, and sustainable package goods.The book continues its coverage of inference, Monte Carlo simulation, contingency analysis, and linear and nonlinear regression. A new chapter is dedicated to conjoint analysis design and analysis, including complementary use of regression and JMP.
Business Statistics Using Excel: A Complete Course in Data Analytics
by R. PanneerselvamThis book gives readers a hands-on understanding of Excel-assisted statistical techniques to take effective business decisions. It showcases applications of the tools and techniques of statistics for analysing business data from the domain of business statistics. The volume provides an exhaustive introduction to the application of statistics in solving business problems and implementing data analytics for effective decision making in all kinds of business situations around the world. With an emphasis on simplicity in presentation of concepts of statistical methods and associated Excel functions, the volume explores the implementation of Excel functions through well-defined sequences of steps. It covers an array of key topics which include Discussions on real-world problems, decision support systems, scope of business statistics, types, and steps of research; Introduction to Excel and its mathematical and preliminary statistical functions; usage of different types of average functions; mean, median, and mode functions; measures of variation; measures of skewness of Excel; In-depth discussions on probability distributions, sampling distributions, testing of hypothesis, chi-square test, non-parametric tests of Excel; Extensive coverage on correlation and covariance, forecasting, analysis of variance, charts in Excel; and Analysis of the concept of linear programming, problem formulations, and techniques of linear programming, followed by the application in Excel. Comprehensive in scope and simple in approach, this book will be key for students and researchers of business studies, business administration, economics, finance, commerce, data analytics/science, and computer science. This will also serve as useful guidebook for business executives and working professionals across the globe.
BWL-Formeln für Dummies (Für Dummies)
by Tobias AmelyFormeln und Kennzahlen verstehen, berechnen und interpretieren. Sind betriebswirtschaftliche Formeln für Sie ein Buch mit sieben Siegeln? Das lässt sich ändern! Tobias Amely bietet Ihnen einen verständlichen und kompakten Überblick über die wichtigsten Formeln und Kennzahlen der Betriebswirtschaftslehre. Praktische Beispiele und Tipps helfen Ihnen, den Zusammenhang zu verstehen, in dem die Formel jeweils verwendet wird. So bleibt es nicht beim theoretischen Wissen allein, sondern Sie können die Formeln auch praktisch anwenden. Sie erfahren Wie Sie die Produktion optimieren Wie Sie lohnende Investitionen erkennen Wie Sie Finanzierungskosten minimieren Welche Kennzahlen die Bonität eines Unternehmens ausmachen
Calculus II: Practice Problems, Methods, and Solutions
by Mehdi Rahmani-AndebiliThis study guide is designed for students taking a Calculus II course. The textbook includes examples, questions, and practice problems that will help students to review and sharpen their knowledge of the subject and enhance their performance in the classroom. The material covered in the book includes applications of integration, sequences and series and their applications, polar coordinate systems, and complex numbers. Offering detailed solutions, multiple methods for solving problems, and clear explanations of concepts, this hands-on guide will improve students’ problem-solving skills and foster a solid understanding of calculus, which will benefit them in all of their calculus-based courses
Calculus III: Practice Problems, Methods, and Solutions
by Mehdi Rahmani-AndebiliThis study guide is designed for students taking a Calculus III course. The textbook includes examples, questions, and practice problems that will help students to review and sharpen their knowledge of the subject and enhance their performance in the classroom. The material covered in the book includes linear algebra and analytical geometry; lines, surfaces, and vector functions in three-dimensional coordinate systems; multiple-variable functions; multiple integrals and their applications; line integrals and their applications. Offering detailed solutions, multiple methods for solving problems, and clear explanations of concepts, this hands-on guide will improve students’ problem-solving skills and foster a solid understanding of calculus, which will benefit them in all of their calculus-based courses.
Calm, Smooth and Smart: Novel Approaches for Influencing Vibrations by Means of Deliberately Introduced Dissipation (Lecture Notes in Applied and Computational Mechanics #102)
by Peter EberhardThis book contains and summarizes research carried out within the DFG Priority Programme 1897: "Calm, Smooth and Smart - Novel Approaches for Influencing Vibrations by Means of Deliberately Introduced Dissipation". The contributions help reduce unwanted vibrations by developing novel approaches for influencing them and lead to a “calm, smooth and smart” behaviour of technical units. “Calm” represents the demand to avoid or at least to severely reduce unwanted noise generated by technical installations. “Smooth” ensures a still comfortable and jerk-free operation of them. Finally, “smart” means that the introduced damping devices not only help to achieve the desired vibrational behaviour of the overall technical systems, but also that they take over additional functional tasks. The results presented in this volume summarize the state-of-the-art and provide motivation for future research. The book is intended for experienced researchers as well as for doctoral and post-doctoral students in engineering, mathematics and physics, as well as industrial researchers interested in the field.
The Cartoon Guide to Geometry
by Larry GonickA comprehensive new illustrated guide to geometry—from New York Times bestselling cartoonist Larry GonickWhat's the point of points? Where do we draw the line? If there are two sides to everything, then what's up with triangles, squares, and polygons?Once again, mathematician-turned-cartoonist Larry Gonick uses his unique gift for witty, lively, and clear exposition to demystify another complex subject: geometry.Moving from the most basic geometrical concepts—planes, lines, and points—through elementary postulates and to elaborate proofs, The Cartoon Guide to Geometry is a comprehensive primer on all the essentials of plane geometry: angles, triangles, area, similarity, and, yes, the Pythagorean theorem. Carefully tailored to the curriculum standards and standardized testing guidelines of the subject, the book provides innovative visuals that develop proofs and constructions with sequential graphics rather than single illustrations. The reader emerges with a deep grasp of key ideas—and has fun getting there.
Cavity Dynamics and Splashing Mechanism in Droplets (SpringerBriefs in Energy)
by Zhaohao Li Xiaoyu Wang Junwei Shen Yuning ZhangThis brief explores the pivotal realm of droplet cavitation, a subject of great significance for enhancing fuel atomization and improving various industrial processes. The authors employ high-speed photography experiments, analyze bubble dynamics equations, and utilize numerical simulations to explore the dynamic behavior of cavitation bubbles and droplets. The book analyzes the entire lifecycle of cavitation bubbles, their interactions with different liquid droplets, and the key parameters governing their oscillation and collapse and sheds light on the collapse mechanisms and shock wave propagation influenced by liquid droplets. Additionally, it investigates the dynamics of droplet spattering by categorizing spatter patterns under diverse conditions, discusses the critical stability of droplet surfaces, and reveals the mechanisms by which cavitation bubble collapses induce droplet breakage. Taking vapor bubbles and diesel droplets as examples, the dynamic characteristics of specific droplets containing bubbles are also analyzed. This book offers an in-depth understanding of these phenomena with practical implications for a wide range of industrial applications and is a useful tool for researchers and engineers working in the fields of fluid dynamics, combustion engineering, and atomization processes.