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Adventurous Women: Eight True Stories About Women Who Made a Difference
by Penny ColmanThe adventures of eight inspiring women of the twentieth century.Mary Gibson Henry risked her life following her passion for new botanical species. During the Civil War, Katharine Wormeley worked aboard hospital ships and helped to save the lives of many sick and wounded soldiers. With a promise and a dollar and a half, Mary McLeod Bethune opened a school for African American girls in Daytona Beach, Florida, in 1904, at a time when schools were segregated. Award-winning author Penny Colman offers a compelling collection of true stories about eight women who were bold enough to confront obstacles and take risks in the pursuit of their goals. This is a book that celebrates the intelligence, fortitude, and courage of women.
Adventurous Women: Eight True Stories About Women Who Made aDifference
by Penny ColmanThe adventures of eight inspiring women of the twentieth century. <P><P> Mary Gibson Henry risked her life following her passion for new botanical species. During the Civil War, Katharine Wormeley worked aboard hospital ships and helped to save the lives of many sick and wounded soldiers. With a promise and a dollar and a half, Mary McLeod Bethune opened a school for African American girls in Daytona Beach, Florida, in 1904, at a time when schools were segregated. <P><P> Award-winning author Penny Colman offers a compelling collection of true stories about eight women who were bold enough to confront obstacles and take risks in the pursuit of their goals. This is a book that celebrates the intelligence, fortitude, and courage of women.
Adverbs (The Magic of Language)
by Ann HeinrichsNo matter if you read quickly or slowly, or whether you start off grumpily or happily, you will surely have a smile on your face once you've learned about adverbs. This book will help young readers identify adverbs and use them in writing and speaking. Adverbs just make reading more fun!
Adverbs and Modality in English (English Language Ser. #No. 21)
by Leo HoyeThis new study on modality in English represents a departure from more traditional approaches to the subject, where the modal auxiliaries have been the usual focus of attention, by examining in detail the nature of their association with different categories of modal adverb. Modality is notoriously complex but the present work offers an accessible introduction to the topic, a comprehensive account of modal-adverb co-occurrence, and a reappraisal of the English modal system. The descriptive framework draws fresh insights from syntactic, semantic and pragmatic approaches to the study of language and communication, and from recent work in corpus linguistics. The book includes contrastive reference to the expression of modality in Spanish and a discussion of modality in such applied contexts as language teaching. A major feature is its reliance on authentic spoken and written language data. The study is suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate students of linguistics, English language, communications studies and related disciplines.
Adverbs: A Novel
by Daniel HandlerHello.I am Daniel Handler, the author of this book. Did you know that authors often write the summaries that appear on their book's dust jacket? You might want to think about that the next time you read something like, "A dazzling page-turner, this novel shows an internationally acclaimed storyteller at the height of his astonishing powers."Adverbs is a novel about love -- a bunch of different people, in and out of different kinds of love. At the start of the novel, Andrea is in love with David -- or maybe it's Joe -- who instead falls in love with Peter in a taxi. At the end of the novel, it's Joe who's in the taxi, falling in love with Andrea, although it might not be Andrea, or in any case it might not be the same Andrea, as Andrea is a very common name. So is Allison, who is married to Adrian in the middle of the novel, although in the middle of the ocean she considers a fling with Keith and also with Steve, whom she meets in an automobile, unless it's not the same Allison who meets the Snow Queen in a casino, or the same Steve who meets Eddie in the middle of the forest. . . . It might sound confusing, but that's love, and as the author -- me -- says, "It is not the nouns. The miracle is the adverbs, the way things are done." This novel is about people trying to find love in the ways it is done before the volcano erupts and the miracle ends. Yes, there's a volcano in the novel. In my opinion a volcano automatically makes a story more interesting.
Adversarial Deep Learning in Cybersecurity: Attack Taxonomies, Defence Mechanisms, and Learning Theories
by Bo Liu Wei Liu Wanlei Zhou Aneesh Sreevallabh Chivukula Xinghao YangA critical challenge in deep learning is the vulnerability of deep learning networks to security attacks from intelligent cyber adversaries. Even innocuous perturbations to the training data can be used to manipulate the behaviour of deep networks in unintended ways. In this book, we review the latest developments in adversarial attack technologies in computer vision; natural language processing; and cybersecurity with regard to multidimensional, textual and image data, sequence data, and temporal data. In turn, we assess the robustness properties of deep learning networks to produce a taxonomy of adversarial examples that characterises the security of learning systems using game theoretical adversarial deep learning algorithms. The state-of-the-art in adversarial perturbation-based privacy protection mechanisms is also reviewed. We propose new adversary types for game theoretical objectives in non-stationary computational learning environments. Proper quantification of the hypothesis set in the decision problems of our research leads to various functional problems, oracular problems, sampling tasks, and optimization problems. We also address the defence mechanisms currently available for deep learning models deployed in real-world environments. The learning theories used in these defence mechanisms concern data representations, feature manipulations, misclassifications costs, sensitivity landscapes, distributional robustness, and complexity classes of the adversarial deep learning algorithms and their applications. In closing, we propose future research directions in adversarial deep learning applications for resilient learning system design and review formalized learning assumptions concerning the attack surfaces and robustness characteristics of artificial intelligence applications so as to deconstruct the contemporary adversarial deep learning designs. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to Adversarial Machine Learning practitioners and Adversarial Artificial Intelligence researchers whose work involves the design and application of Adversarial Deep Learning.
Adversarial Design
by Carl DisalvoIn Adversarial Design, Carl DiSalvo examines the ways that technology design can provoke and engage the political. He describes a practice, which he terms "adversarial design," that uses the means and forms of design to challenge beliefs, values, and what is taken to be fact. It is not simply applying design to politics--attempting to improve governance for example, by redesigning ballots and polling places; it is implicitly contestational and strives to question conventional approaches to political issues. DiSalvo explores the political qualities and potentials of design by examining a series of projects that span design and art, engineering and computer science, agitprop and consumer products. He views these projects-- which include computational visualizations of networks of power and influence, therapy robots that shape sociability, and everyday objects embedded with microchips that enable users to circumvent surveillance--through the lens of agonism, a political theory that emphasizes contention as foundational to democracy. Each of these projects engages one of three categories as a medium--information, robots, and ubiquitous computing--and in each of them certain distinctive qualities of computation are used for political ends or to bring forth political issues. DiSalvo's illuminating analysis aims to provide design criticism with a new approach for thinking about the relationship between forms of political expression, computation as a medium, and the processes and products of design.
Adversarial Design (Design Thinking, Design Theory)
by Carl DisalvoAn exploration of the political qualities of technology design, as seen in projects that span art, computer science, and consumer products.In Adversarial Design, Carl DiSalvo examines the ways that technology design can provoke and engage the political. He describes a practice, which he terms “adversarial design,” that uses the means and forms of design to challenge beliefs, values, and what is taken to be fact. It is not simply applying design to politics—attempting to improve governance for example, by redesigning ballots and polling places; it is implicitly contestational and strives to question conventional approaches to political issues. DiSalvo explores the political qualities and potentials of design by examining a series of projects that span design and art, engineering and computer science, agitprop and consumer products. He views these projects—which include computational visualizations of networks of power and influence, therapy robots that shape sociability, and everyday objects embedded with microchips that enable users to circumvent surveillance—through the lens of agonism, a political theory that emphasizes contention as foundational to democracy. DiSalvo's illuminating analysis aims to provide design criticism with a new approach for thinking about the relationship between forms of political expression, computation as a medium, and the processes and products of design.
Adversarial Justice and Victims' Rights: Reconceptualising the Role of Sexual Assault Victims (Victims, Culture and Society)
by Mary IliadisThe rights, status and treatment of sexual assault victims has emerged as a significant 21st-century concern, occupying the forefront of legal commentary on international policy agendas. This book explores the extent to which reforms that offer victims enhanced rights to information and participation across England and Wales, Ireland and South Australia can address sexual assault victims’ procedural and substantive justice concerns. Informed by the voices of 26 high-level criminal justice professionals, legal stakeholders and victim support workers, and a quantitative dataset, this book also considers whether legal representation can address some of the problems of the prosecution process for sexual assault victims in Victoria and, indeed, in other adversarial jurisdictions that employ similar legislative frameworks. While acknowledging the value of victim-focused reforms, this book contends that cultural changes to the ways in which sexual assault victims are perceived and treated are necessary in order to improve victims’ experiences of the legal process. Reconceptualising the role of sexual assault victims from ‘witnesses’ to ‘participants’ will also increase the likelihood that victims’ rights and interests will be considered alongside those of the state and the accused. This book situates its findings within broader debates about the role, rights and treatment of sexual assault victims in adversarial justice systems and outlines prospects for the transfer of policy and practice between jurisdictions. Adversarial Justice and Victims’ Rights will interest academic and policy stakeholders engaged in criminology, law and socio-legal studies, as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students researching sexual violence and victims’ access to justice.
Adversarial Justice: America's Court System on Trial
by Theodore L. KubicekOh, those lawyers! <P><P>The legal profession in fact, the legal system certainly has a poor reputation in the United States. Proposed remedies, however, rarely go as deep as the ethics of the system. America's judicial system should not be a game that anyone can win, regardless of actual guilt or liability. Ted Kubicek, JD, describes the problems and proposes solutions. Above all, he condemns the adversary system of justice which is used to evade the truth and which makes winning the paramount goal. <P><P>Dr. Kubicek postulates that the attorney-client privilege of communication makes the truth more difficult, even impossible, to determine. The adversary system goes hand in hand with the privilege of communication since neither can exist without the other. <P><P>He advocates moving instead to an inquisitorial system, in which truth is the goal of both parties, not just of the party that would gain thereby. He then shows how the elimination of adversaryism would automatically remedy other problems endemic to the system of justice, too, such as the passiveness of trial judges and juries. <P><P>Scrapping the adversary system would abolish trial and pretrial procedures and evidentiary rules that confuse law enforcement and trial participants alike. Criminal verdicts would not then depend upon confusing evidentiary or technical matters having no connection to the guilt or innocence of the accused. <P><P>This book is intended to encourage the legal profession, the judiciary, and the organized bar to remedy America's counter-productive judicial procedures. The argument will also interest anyone who has ever had to go to trial.
Adversarial Legalism: The American Way of Law, Second Edition (California Series In Law, Politics, And Society Ser. #1)
by Robert A. KaganAmerican dispute resolution is more adversarial, compared with systems of other economically advanced countries. Americans more often rely on legal threats and lawsuits. American laws are generally more complicated and prescriptive, adjudication more costly, penalties more severe. Here, Kagan examines the origins and consequences of this system.
Adversarial Machine Learning
by Anthony D. Joseph Blaine Nelson Benjamin I. Rubinstein J. D. TygarWritten by leading researchers, this complete introduction brings together all the theory and tools needed for building robust machine learning in adversarial environments. Discover how machine learning systems can adapt when an adversary actively poisons data to manipulate statistical inference, learn the latest practical techniques for investigating system security and performing robust data analysis, and gain insight into new approaches for designing effective countermeasures against the latest wave of cyber-attacks. Privacy-preserving mechanisms and the near-optimal evasion of classifiers are discussed in detail, and in-depth case studies on email spam and network security highlight successful attacks on traditional machine learning algorithms. Providing a thorough overview of the current state of the art in the field, and possible future directions, this groundbreaking work is essential reading for researchers, practitioners and students in computer security and machine learning, and those wanting to learn about the next stage of the cybersecurity arms race.
Adversarial Multimedia Forensics (Advances in Information Security #104)
by Kassem Kallas Ehsan Nowroozi Alireza JolfaeiThis book explores various aspects of digital forensics, security and machine learning, while offering valuable insights into the ever-evolving landscape of multimedia forensics and data security. This book’s content can be summarized in two main areas. The first area of this book primarily addresses techniques and methodologies related to digital image forensics. It discusses advanced techniques for image manipulation detection, including the use of deep learning architectures to generate and manipulate synthetic satellite images. This book also explores methods for face recognition under adverse conditions and the importance of forensics in criminal investigations. Additionally, the book highlights anti-forensic measures applied to photos and videos, focusing on their effectiveness and trade-offs.The second area of this book focuses on the broader landscape of security, including the detection of synthetic human voices, secure deep neural networks (DNNs) and federated learning in the context of machine learning security. It investigates novel methods for detecting synthetic human voices using neural vocoder artifacts, and it explores the vulnerabilities and security challenges of federated learning in the face of adversarial attacks. Furthermore, this book delves into the realms of linguistic steganography and steganalysis, discussing the evolving techniques that utilize deep learning and natural language processing to enhance payload and detection accuracy.Overall, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the ever-evolving field of digital forensics and security, making it an invaluable resource for researchers and students interested in image forensics, machine learning security and information protection. It equips readers with the latest knowledge and tools to address the complex challenges posed by the digital landscape. Professionals working in this related field will also find this book to be a valuable resource.
Adversarial Political Interviewing: Worldwide Perspectives During Polarized Times (The Language of Politics)
by Ofer FeldmanThis book presents a collection of studies on political interviews in a variety of broadcast media worldwide. Following the growing scholarly interest in media talk as a dominant form of political communication in contemporary society, a number of eminent international scholars analyze empirical material from the discourse of public figures and interviewer–journalists to address questions related to the characteristics, conduct, and potential effects of political interviews. Chapters span a varied array of cultural contexts: the U.S.A., U.K., Israel, Japan, Italy, Turkey, Greece, Australia, Philippines, Finland, Brazil, Malaysia, Spain, Venezuela, Montenegro, and the European Community, enabling a comparison of the different structures and contents of political interviews in societies from West to East. Authors bring an interest in discourse and conversation analysis, as well as in rhetorical techniques and strategies used by both interviewers and interviewees, from different disciplinary viewpoints including linguistic, political, cultural, sociological, and social–psychological. In doing so, the book develops a framework to assess the extent to which media political interviews and talk shows, and regular news programs, play a central role in transmitting accurate and genuine political information to the general public, and how audiences can make sense of these programs’ output.
Adversarial Reasoning: Computational Approaches to Reading the Opponent's Mind (Chapman & Hall/CRC Computer and Information Science Series)
by Alexander Kott William M. McEneaneyThe rising tide of threats, from financial cybercrime to asymmetric military conflicts, demands greater sophistication in tools and techniques of law enforcement, commercial and domestic security professionals, and terrorism prevention. Concentrating on computational solutions to determine or anticipate an adversary's intent, Adversarial Reasoning:
Adversarial Risk Analysis
by David L. Banks Jesus M. Aliaga David Rios InsuaWinner of the 2017 De Groot Prize awarded by the International Society for Bayesian Analysis (ISBA)A relatively new area of research, adversarial risk analysis (ARA) informs decision making when there are intelligent opponents and uncertain outcomes. Adversarial Risk Analysis develops methods for allocating defensive or offensive resources against
Adversarial Tradecraft in Cybersecurity: Offense versus defense in real-time computer conflict
by Dan BorgesMaster cutting-edge techniques and countermeasures to protect your organization from live hackers. Learn how to harness cyber deception in your operations to gain an edge over the competition.Key FeaturesGain an advantage against live hackers in a competition or real computing environmentUnderstand advanced red team and blue team techniques with code examplesLearn to battle in short-term memory, whether remaining unseen (red teams) or monitoring an attacker's traffic (blue teams)Book DescriptionLittle has been written about what to do when live hackers are on your system and running amok. Even experienced hackers tend to choke up when they realize the network defender has caught them and is zoning in on their implants in real time. This book will provide tips and tricks all along the kill chain of an attack, showing where hackers can have the upper hand in a live conflict and how defenders can outsmart them in this adversarial game of computer cat and mouse. This book contains two subsections in each chapter, specifically focusing on the offensive and defensive teams. It begins by introducing you to adversarial operations and principles of computer conflict where you will explore the core principles of deception, humanity, economy, and more about human-on-human conflicts. Additionally, you will understand everything from planning to setting up infrastructure and tooling that both sides should have in place.Throughout this book, you will learn how to gain an advantage over opponents by disappearing from what they can detect. You will further understand how to blend in, uncover other actors' motivations and means, and learn to tamper with them to hinder their ability to detect your presence. Finally, you will learn how to gain an advantage through advanced research and thoughtfully concluding an operation.By the end of this book, you will have achieved a solid understanding of cyberattacks from both an attacker's and a defender's perspective.What you will learnUnderstand how to implement process injection and how to detect itTurn the tables on the offense with active defenseDisappear on the defender's system, by tampering with defensive sensorsUpskill in using deception with your backdoors and countermeasures including honeypotsKick someone else from a computer you are on and gain the upper handAdopt a language agnostic approach to become familiar with techniques that can be applied to both the red and blue teamsPrepare yourself for real-time cybersecurity conflict by using some of the best techniques currently in the industryWho this book is forPentesters to red teamers, security operations center analysts to incident responders, attackers, defenders, general hackers, advanced computer users, and security engineers will benefit from this book. Participants in purple teaming or adversarial simulations will also learn a lot from its practical examples of processes for gaining an advantage over the opposing team.Basic knowledge of Python, Go, Bash, PowerShell, system administration as well as knowledge of incident response in Linux and prior exposure to any kind of cybersecurity knowledge, penetration testing, and ethical hacking basics will help you follow along.
Adversarial and Uncertain Reasoning for Adaptive Cyber Defense: Control- and Game-Theoretic Approaches to Cyber Security (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11830)
by Sushil Jajodia Cliff Wang Peng Liu George Cybenko Michael WellmanToday’s cyber defenses are largely static allowing adversaries to pre-plan their attacks. In response to this situation, researchers have started to investigate various methods that make networked information systems less homogeneous and less predictable by engineering systems that have homogeneous functionalities but randomized manifestations. The 10 papers included in this State-of-the Art Survey present recent advances made by a large team of researchers working on the same US Department of Defense Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI) project during 2013-2019. This project has developed a new class of technologies called Adaptive Cyber Defense (ACD) by building on two active but heretofore separate research areas: Adaptation Techniques (AT) and Adversarial Reasoning (AR). AT methods introduce diversity and uncertainty into networks, applications, and hosts. AR combines machine learning, behavioral science, operations research, control theory, and game theory to address the goal of computing effective strategies in dynamic, adversarial environments.
Adversaries into Allies
by Bob BurgThe Sages asked, "Who is mighty?" and answered, "Those who can control their own emotions and make of an enemy a friend. " In the bestselling book The Go-Giver, Bob Burg and John David Mann revolutionized the way we think about success via one very simple lesson: "Shifting one's focus from getting to giving (constantly and consistently providing value to others) is both very fulfilling and the most profitable way to do business. Now Burg is back with a new book, offering deeper insight into what it means to be truly influential and providing powerful strategies for mastering the art of winning people over. Faced with the task of persuading someone to do what we want, most of us expect, and often encounter, resistance. We see the other person as an adversary and often resort to coercion or manipulation in order to get our way. But while this approach might at times bring us short-term results, it leaves people with a bad feeling about themselves and about us. At that point, our relationship with the person is weakened and our influence dramatically decreased. There is a better way. Drawing on his own experiences and the stories of other influential people, Burg offers five simple principles of what he calls Ultimate Influence-the ability to win people to your side in a way that leaves everyone feeling great about the outcome . . . and about themselves!: Control your own emotions: Responding calmly rather than allowing your emotions to get the better of you will ensure not putting others on the defensive but rather help them remain open to your ideas. Understand the clash of belief systems: Every individual operates based on an unconscious set of beliefs, experiences, and ideas, which are most likely very different from yours. Understand this and you can avoid confusion and numerous misunderstandings that stand in the way of most people's ability to influence. Acknowledge their ego: People want to feel good about themselves; if you make someone genuinely feel good, you're one step closer to making an ally. Set the proper frame: People react and respond to other people. Approach potential conflicts from a position of benevolence, resolution, and helpfulness and they will follow suit. Communicate with tact and empathy: While the first four principles are vital, this is what brings it all home. Saying the right thing at the right time makes all the difference in terms of moving people to your side of the issue and taking the appropriate action that benefits all concerned. In the tradition of Dale Carnegie's How to Win Friends and Influence People and Robert Cialdini's Influence, Burg offers a tried-and-true framework for building alliances at work, at home, and anywhere else you seek to win people over. .
Adversary Detection For Cognitive Radio Networks (Springerbriefs In Electrical And Computer Engineering)
by Xiaofan He Huaiyu DaiThis SpringerBrief provides a comprehensive study of the unique security threats to cognitive radio (CR) networks and a systematic investigation of the state-of-the-art in the corresponding adversary detection problems. In addition, detailed discussions of the underlying fundamental analytical tools and engineering methodologies of these adversary detection techniques are provided, considering that many of them are quite general and have been widely employed in many other related fields.
Adversary Emulation with MITRE ATT&CK
by Drinor SelmanajBy incorporating cyber threat intelligence, adversary emulation provides a form of cybersecurity assessment that mimics advanced persistent threat (APT) tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs). This comprehensive guide introduces an empirical approach with strategies and processes collected over a decade of experience in the cybersecurity field. You'll learn to assess resilience against coordinated and stealthy threat actors capable of harming an organization.Author Drinor Selmanaj demonstrates adversary emulation for offensive operators and defenders using practical examples and exercises that actively model adversary behavior. Each emulation plan includes different hands-on scenarios, such as smash-and-grab or slow-and-deliberate. This book uses the MITRE ATT&CK knowledge base as a foundation to describe and categorize TTPs based on real-world observations, and provides a common language that's standardized and accessible to everyone.You'll learn how to:Map Cyber Threat Intelligence to ATT&CKDefine Adversary Emulation goals and objectivesResearch Adversary Emulation TTPs using ATT&CK knowledge basePlan Adversary Emulation activityImplement Adversary tradecraftConduct Adversary EmulationCommunicate Adversary Emulation findingsAutomate Adversary Emulation to support repeatable testingExecute FIN6, APT3, and APT29 emulation plans
Adversary-Aware Learning Techniques and Trends in Cybersecurity
by Ranjeev Mittu Prithviraj Dasgupta Joseph B. CollinsThis book is intended to give researchers and practitioners in the cross-cutting fields of artificial intelligence, machine learning (AI/ML) and cyber security up-to-date and in-depth knowledge of recent techniques for improving the vulnerabilities of AI/ML systems against attacks from malicious adversaries. The ten chapters in this book, written by eminent researchers in AI/ML and cyber-security, span diverse, yet inter-related topics including game playing AI and game theory as defenses against attacks on AI/ML systems, methods for effectively addressing vulnerabilities of AI/ML operating in large, distributed environments like Internet of Things (IoT) with diverse data modalities, and, techniques to enable AI/ML systems to intelligently interact with humans that could be malicious adversaries and/or benign teammates. Readers of this book will be equipped with definitive information on recent developments suitable for countering adversarial threats in AI/ML systems towards making them operate in a safe, reliable and seamless manner.
Adversative and Concessive Conjunctions in EFL Writing: Corpus-based Description and Rhetorical Structure Analysis
by Yan ZhangThis book explores the usage patterns of a group of adversative and concessive conjunctions in English texts written by Chinese EFL learners and their native speaker counterparts. Focusing on probability profiles and systemic potentials, the study encompasses three stages and combines the strengths of two research methods – the corpus-based approach and text-based analysis – to examine the conjunctions under the theoretical framework of systemic functional linguistics and rhetorical structure theory. Starting with an overview of seventeen conjunctions across two corpora in terms of overall frequency, positional distribution and distribution of semantic categories, the book then offers a more detailed discussion of three individual conjunctions, highlighting the interconnections between 1) syntactic positions and co-occurrence patterns and 2) semantic relations encoded by these conjunctions. Lastly, it presents a case study of one full-length text taken from the learner corpus, applying rhetorical structure theory to provide new insights into the relevance of adversative and concessive relations to text structure. This comprehensive, in-depth analysis is both diagnostic and pedagogically informative.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Serious Youth Violence
by Paul Gray Deborah Jump Hannah SmithsonWhereas crime more generally has fallen over the last 20 years, levels of serious youth violence remain high. This book presents innovative research into the complex relationship between adverse childhood experiences and serious youth violence. While the implementation of trauma-informed approaches to working with adolescents in the justice system is becoming common practice, there remains a dearth of research into the efficacy of such approaches. Foregrounding young people’s voices, this book explores the theoretical underpinnings of trauma and the manifestations of childhood adversity. The authors conclude by advocating for a more psychosocial approach to trauma-informed policy and practice within the youth justice system.
Adverse Childhood Experiences, Attachment, and the Early Years Learning Environment: Research and Inclusive Practice
by Hazel G. WhittersAdverse Childhood Experiences, Attachment, and the Early Years Learning Environment explores the concept of learning by presenting research and illustrations from practice on three major topics: adverse childhood experiences, attachment, and environment. Each child has a unique reaction to adversity in the early years, and the book discusses the effect upon approach and avoidance motivation for learning, and the rationale of trauma-informed practice. The influence from a secure attachment figure is explored, and links between emotions and involvement are presented. The book highlights the current indoor and outdoor use of natural green spaces as a response to attention-fatigue and promotes comprehension of the issues in a context of attention restoration theory. Intervention for extended families is presented as an approach to supporting development and attainment in each generation, and to achieving a legacy beyond the professional network. This book will appeal to academics, researchers, and postgraduate students in the fields of early years care and education. It will also appeal to those working within children’s services.