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An Essay on Liberation
by Herbert MarcuseIn this concise and startling book, the author of One-Dimensional Man argues that the time for utopian speculation has come. Marcuse argues that the traditional conceptions of human freedom have been rendered obsolete by the development of advanced industrial society. Social theory can no longer content itself with repeating the formula, "from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs," but must now investigate the nature of human needs themselves. Marcuse's claim is that even if production were controlled and determined by the workers, society would still be repressive--unless the workers themselves had the needs and aspirations of free men. Ranging from philosophical anthropology to aesthetics An Essay on Liberation attempts to outline--in a highly speculative and tentative fashion--the new possibilities for human liberation. TheEssay contains the following chapters: A Biological Foundation for Socialism?, The New Sensibility, Subverting Forces--in Transition, and Solidarity.
An Essay on Man
by Alexander Pope Tom JonesVoltaire called it "the most sublime didactic poem ever written in any language." Rousseau rhapsodized about its intellectual consolations. Kant recited long passages of it from memory during his lectures. And Adam Smith and David Hume drew inspiration from it in their writings. This was Alexander Pope's Essay on Man (1733-34), a masterpiece of philosophical poetry, one of the most important and controversial works of the Enlightenment, and one of the most widely read, imitated, and discussed poems of eighteenth-century Europe and America. This volume, which presents the first major new edition of the poem in more than fifty years, introduces this essential work to a new generation of readers, recapturing the excitement and illuminating the debates it provoked from the moment of its publication.Echoing Milton's purpose in Paradise Lost, Pope says his aim in An Essay on Man is to "vindicate the ways of God to man"--to explain the existence of evil and explore man's place in the universe. In a comprehensive introduction, Tom Jones describes the poem as an investigation of the fundamental question of how people should behave in a world they experience as chaotic, but which they suspect to be orderly from some higher point of view. The introduction provides a thorough discussion of the poem's attitudes, themes, composition, context, and reception, and reassesses the work's place in history. Extensive annotations to the text explain references and allusions.The result is the most accessible, informative, and reader-friendly edition of the poem in decades and an invaluable book for students and scholars of eighteenth-century literature and thought.
An Essay on Man: An Introduction to a Philosophy of Human Culture
by Ernst CassirerCassirer explores the question "what is man?" and explores man in terms of his human culture.
An Essay on Man: An Introduction to a Philosophy of Human Culture (Veritas Paperbacks)
by Ernst CassirerOne of the twentieth century&’s greatest philosophers presents the results of his lifetime study of man&’s cultural achievementsAn Essay on Man is an original synthesis of contemporary knowledge, a unique interpretation of the intellectual crisis of our time, and a brilliant vindication of man&’s ability to resolve human problems by the courageous use of his mind. In a new introduction Peter E. Gordon situates the book among Cassirer&’s greater body of work, and looks at why his &“hymn to humanity in an inhuman age&” still resonates with readers today. &“The best-balanced and most mature expression of [Cassirer&’s] thought.&”—Journal of Philosophy &“No reader of this book can fail to be struck by the grandeur of its program or by the sensitive humanism of the author.&”—Ernest Nagel, The Humanist &“A rare work of philosophy and a rare work of art.&”—Tomorrow
An Essay on Man; Moral Essays and Satires
by Alexander PopeAn Essay on Man is a poem published by Alexander Pope in 1733-1734. It is an effort to rationalize or rather "vindicate the ways of God to man" (l.16), a variation of John Milton's claim in the opening lines of Paradise Lost, that he will "justify the ways of God to men" (1.26). <P> <P> It is concerned with the natural order God has decreed for man. Because man cannot know God's purposes, he cannot complain about his position in the Great Chain of Being (ll.33-34) and must accept that "Whatever IS, is RIGHT" (l.292), a theme that was satirized by Voltaire in Candide (1759). More than any other work, it popularized optimistic philosophy throughout England and the rest of Europe.
An Essay on Morals: A Science of Philosophy and a Philosophy of the Sciences
by Philip WylieA Science of PHILOSOPHY and a Philosophy of the SCIENCES "a Popular Explanation of the Jungian THEORY of HUMAN INSTINCT "a new Bible for the BOLD MIND and a Way to Personal Peace by LOGIC "the HERETIC'S HANDBOOK and Text for HONEST skeptics, including a Description of MAN suitable for an ATOMIC AGE" together with a compendium of MEANS TO BROTHERHOOD in a Better World" and a VOYAGE beyond the Opposite Directions of Religion and Objective truth, to UNDERSTANDING" -Front Cover
An Essay on Typography (Penguin Modern Classics)
by Eric GillEric Gill's opinionated manifesto on typography argues that 'a good piece of lettering is as beautiful a thing to see as any sculpture or painted picture'. This essay explores the place of typography in culture and is also a moral treatise celebrating the role of craftsmanship in an industrial age. Gill, a sculptor, engraver, printmaker and creator of many classic typefaces that can be seen around us today, fused art, history and polemic in a visionary work which has been hugely influential on modern graphic design.'Written with clarity, humility and a touch of humour . . . timeless and absorbing' Paul Rand, The New York Times'His lettering was clear, confident and hugely influential on the development of modern type design. The world has now caught up with Gill' GuardianHow do we see the world around us? This is one of a number of pivotal works by creative thinkers like John Berger and Susan Sontag whose writings on art, design and the media have changed our vision for ever.
An Essay on Yugoslav Society
by Branko HorvatThis title was first published in 1967. In the foreword the author states that the present Essay was not written in haste, and probably cannot be read through in haste either. It is the result of my thinking about our society for the last sixteen years. The section "The Transition Period" was written and published as long ago as 1951 ; the last section, on the theory of the party, was written only after the Brioni Plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, when study of these problems had become socially relevant, in the sense of the quotation of Marx that has been adopted as the epigraph of this book. Part of the text has been published in Ekonomist, Pregled, Gledüta and Na&e teme. Part I and Chapters 11 and 14 are taken from my book Towards a Theory of Planned Economy.
An Essay on the Civilisations of India, China and Japan (Routledge Library Editions: Japan)
by G Lowes DickinsonThis volume presents an account of the author’s travels during 1912-13 making particular note of the characteristics of Indian, Chinese and Japanese societies and the effect upon them of contact with the West. Although inevitably dated in some of its views, the volume nonetheless provides an excellent starting point for comparisons between East and West and the strengths and weaknesses of the individual cultures, be it in politics, literature or the arts.
An Essay on the Development Christian Doctrine (Start Classics)
by John Henry NewmanStill considered essential reading for serious thinkers on religion more than a century and a half after it was written, this seminal work of modern theology, first published in 1845, presents a history of Catholic doctrine from the days of the Apostles to the time of its writing, and follows with specific examples of how the doctrine has not only survived corruption but grown stronger through defending itself against it, and is, therefore, the true religion. This classic of Christian apologetics, considered a foundational work of 19th-century intellectualism on par with Darwin's Origin of Species, is must reading not only for the faithful but also for anyone who wishes to be well educated in the fundamentals of modern thought.
An Essay on the Druids,: The Ancient Churches and the Round Towers of Ireland
by Rev Richard Smiddy“Irish round towers (Irish: Cloigtheach (singular), Cloigthithe (plural); literally 'bell house') are early mediaeval stone towers of a type found mainly in Ireland, with two in Scotland and one on the Isle of Man. As their name Cloigtheach indicates, they were originally bell towers, though they may have been later used for additional purposes.A tower of this kind is generally found in the vicinity of a church or monastery, with the door of the tower facing the west doorway of the church. Knowledge of this fact has made it possible, where towers still exist, to determine without excavation the approximate sites of lost churches that once stood nearby.”-Wiki“WHEN the first Christian Missionary landed in Ireland he found the Druids and their religion strongly established there. The Druids were the priests of the ancient Celts. The word Druid is formed from the Irish name, Draoi (pronounced Dhree), which is believed to be a compound of the words dair, “oak,” and ai, “learned or wise,” that is, the learned or wise man of the oak. The oak was held in great veneration by the Druids. Under its branches, on the mountain tops and in the deep valleys, were performed the rites and mysteries of their religion; and it was in the woods and wilds they and their people sojourned while leading a roving life and subsisting on their flocks, during the early periods of their history.It appears that the Celts were a branch or colony, sprung from ancient Scythia. A wandering hardy people were the Scythians, who, disdaining to live in cities or towns, moved about from one place to another with their families and their flocks. In the course of ages they spread over a large portion of Asia, and even occupied many countries of Europe.”-Foreword
An Essay on the Foundations of Geometry (Routledge Classics)
by Bertrand RussellAn Essay on the Foundations of Geometry was first published in 1897 when Bertrand Russell was 25 years old. It marks his first major foray into analytic philosophy, a movement in which Russell is one of the founding members and figurehead. It provides a brilliant insight into Russell's early philosophical thought and an engaging and authoritative introduction to the philosophical and logical foundations of geometry - a version of which was fundamental to Einstein's theory of relativity. Russell explores and introduces the concepts of geometry and their philosophical implications, including a historical overview of geometrical theory, making it an invaluable resource not only for students of philosophy but anyone interested in the origins of the thought of one of the twentieth century's most important and widely-read philosophers. This Routledge Classics edition includes a new Foreword by Michael Potter.
An Essay on the Fundamental Principles of Operative Occultism
by Manly P. HallFirst published in 1929, this is one of Canadian-born mystical writer Manly P. Hall’s essays on the art of self-realization, as expressed through the wisdom of the ages.An Essay on the Fundamental Principles of Operative Occultism provides an early description of the seven spinal chakras and the science of regeneration.Beautifully illustrated with three oil paintings by Mihran K. Serailian.
An Essay on the History of Civil Society
by Fania Oz-Salzberger Adam FergusonAdam Ferguson's Essay on the History of Civil Society (first published in 1767) is a classic of the Scottish--and European--Enlightenment. Drawing on such diverse sources as classical authors and contemporary travel literature, Ferguson combines a subtle analysis of modern commercial society with a critique of its abandonment of civic and communal virtues. Central themes in Ferguson's theory of citizenship are conflict, play, political participation and military valor. The Essay is a bold and novel attempt to reclaim the tradition of active citizenship in the modern state.
An Essay on the Metaphysics of Descartes (Routledge Library Editions: Rene Descartes #4)
by Marthinus VersfeldOriginally published in 1940, this book provides a thorough discussion of René Descartes philosophy of metaphysics, examining the three major points of the mind and body, freedom of the will and religion and science. Specific chapters are devoted to the Cartesian theory and the Meditations, in particular the Sixth.
An Essay on the Military Architecture of the Middle Ages
by Eugène-Emmanuel Viollet-le-DucOriginally published in 1860, this book of military architecture features some truly spectacular examples of Roman and Medieval fortifications including castles, bastions, and camps. This remarkable work is a literal treasure trove of hard-to-find information on a litany of structures and defenses. An essay on military architecture and the various modes of warfare is presented along with details of each conquest. Representative of the best, most heavily fortified embattlements that were constructed from the days of Caesar through the Sixteenth century, this work includes engines of war, towers, cats, walls and wooden ramparts, drawbridges, moats, keeps, and curtain-walls of these castle forts and encampments. It is illustrated with eye views of medieval engagements, numerous sectional drawings as well as plans, and has complete descriptions of these classic wood, stone, and mortar structures revealing their secrets.-Print ed.
An Essay on the Principle of Population
by Thomas Robert Malthus Geoffrey GilbertMalthus's Essay looks at the perennial tendency of humans to outstrip their resources: reproduction always exceeds food production. Today Malthus remains a byword for concern about man's demographic and ecological prospects.
An Essay on the Principle of Population
by Nick BrotenThomas Robert Malthus’ 1798 Essay on the Principle of Population helped change the direction of economics, politics, and the natural sciences with its reasoning and problem solving. The central topic of the essay was the idea, extremely prevalent in the 18th and 19th centuries, that human society was in some way perfectible. According to many thinkers of the time, mankind was on a course of steady improvement with advances set to continuously improve society and life for all. Malthus was a skeptic on this point, and, in a clear example of the skill of reasoning, set about constructing and marshalling a strong argument for a less optimistic view. Central to his argument were the laws of population growth and their relationship to growth in agricultural production; in his view the former would always outstrip the latter. This provided a strong argument that society was limited by finite resources – a closely reasoned argument that continues to influence economists, politicians and scientists today, as well as environmental movements. While Malthus’ proposed solutions have been less influential, they remain an excellent example of problem solving, offering a range of answers to the problem of population growth and finite resources.
An Essay on the Principle of Population
by T. R. MalthusThe first major study of population size and its tremendous importance to the character and quality of society, this polemic examines the tendency of human numbers to outstrip their resources. Pivotal in establishing the field of demography, it remains crucial to understanding modern problems with food production and distribution. Anglican parson Thomas Robert Malthus wrote his famous essay in 1798 in response to speculations on social perfectibility aroused by the French Revolution. Because human powers of procreation so greatly exceed the production of food, Malthus explained, population will always exceed available resources, and many will inevitably live at the ragged edge of subsistence. His simple yet powerful argument -- demonstrating that scarcity and inequality arise even in a society purged of all unjust laws and institutions -- was highly controversial in its day. Many of Malthus' contemporaries despised him for dashing their hopes of social progress, and the grim logic of his "population principle" led Thomas Carlyle to dub economics "the dismal science. " Today, Malthus' name is practically synonymous with active concern about demographic and ecological prospects, and his classic remains ever relevant to issues of social policy, theology, evolution, and the environment.
An Essay on the Principle of Population
by T. R. MalthusThe first major study of population size and its tremendous importance to the character and quality of society, this polemic examines the tendency of human numbers to outstrip their resources. Pivotal in establishing the field of demography, it remains crucial to understanding modern problems with food production and distribution.Anglican parson Thomas Robert Malthus wrote his famous essay in 1798 in response to speculations on social perfectibility aroused by the French Revolution. Because human powers of procreation so greatly exceed the production of food, Malthus explained, population will always exceed available resources, and many will inevitably live at the ragged edge of subsistence. His simple yet powerful argument — demonstrating that scarcity and inequality arise even in a society purged of all unjust laws and institutions — was highly controversial in its day. Many of Malthus' contemporaries despised him for dashing their hopes of social progress, and the grim logic of his "population principle" led Thomas Carlyle to dub economics "the dismal science." Today, Malthus' name is practically synonymous with active concern about demographic and ecological prospects, and his classic remains ever relevant to issues of social policy, theology, evolution, and the environment.
An Essay on the Principle of Population (Norton Critical Editions)
by Thomas Robert Malthus Joyce E. ChaplinThe world’s population is now 7.4 billion people, placing ever greater demands on our natural resources. As we stand witness to a possible reversal of modernity’s positive trends, Malthus’s pessimism is worth full reconsideration. This Norton Critical Edition includes: · An introduction and explanatory annotations by Joyce E. Chaplin. · Malthus’s Essay in its first published version (1798) along with selections from the expanded version (1803), which he considered definitive, as well as his Appendix (1806). · An unusually rich selection of supporting materials thematically arranged to promote classroom discussion. Topics include “Influences on Malthus,” “Economics, Population, and Ethics after Malthus,” “Malthus and Global Challenges,” and “Malthusianism in Fiction.” · A Chronology and a Selected Bibliography.
An Essay on the Principle of Population and Other Writings
by Thomas MalthusMalthus' life's work on human population and its dependency on food production and the environment was highly controversial on publication in 1798. He predicted what is known as the Malthusian catastrophe, in which humans would disregard the limits of natural resources and the world would be plagued by famine and disease. He significantly influenced the thinking of Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace and his theories continue to raise important questions today in the fields of social theory, economics and the environment.With an introduction by Robert Mayhew.
An Essay on the Principle of Population: The 1803 Edition
by Thomas Robert Malthus Shannon C. StimsonMalthus’s Essay on the Principle of Population remains one of the most influential works of political economy ever written. Most widely circulated in its initial 1798 version, this is the first publication of his benchmark 1803 edition since 1989. Introduced by editor Shannon C. Stimson, this edition includes essays on the historical and political theoretical underpinnings of Malthus’s work by Niall O’Flaherty, Malthus’s influence on concepts of nature by Deborah Valenze, implications of his population model for political economy by Sir Anthony Wrigley, an assessment of Malthus’s theory in light of modern economic ideas by Kenneth Binmore, and a discussion of the Essay’s literary and cultural influence by Karen O’Brien. The result is an enlarged view of the political, social, and cultural impact of this profoundly influential work.
An Essay on the Principle of Sustainable Population (SpringerBriefs in Population Studies)
by Toshihiko HaraThis book focuses on the future of the global population and proposes revising Malthus’ Law. The United Nations estimates that the global population will top 11 billion by 2100, at which point its growth will be near an end: it will find a new equilibrium in a long demographic transition from high birth and death rates to low ones. However, the author reviews the fertility developments reported in the World Population Prospects 2017, which are near or below the replacement level in most regions, with the important exception of Sub-Saharan Africa, and warns of a possible scenario of the extinction of human society. Returning to Malthus, his Essay on the Principle of Population is critically reconsidered. Simple simulations show that exponential growth and decay are unsustainable beyond the narrow ranges of the net reproduction rate. In addition, the length of reproduction periods, which depends on women’s lifespans, plays a pivotal role. The limits of growth are given in any case, to the extent that time and space will permit.From this perspective, teleological conditions such as instinct, passion, or even natural reproductive tendencies are irrelevant and unnecessary. When the population deviates too far from the replacement level, either its shrinking or massive growth will overshoot the limits of its existence. This principle of sustainable population indicates that the demographic transition must follow a logistic curve. Using a system dynamics approach, the author constructs a simulation model based on four major loops: fertility, reproduction timing, social capital accumulation, and lifespan. Using only endogenous variables, this model successfully reproduces the historical process of the demographic transition in Japan. Thereby, it shows that the timing and periods of reproduction, maximum fertility, and maximum lifespan hold the key to sustainability. Based on these findings, the author subsequently discusses recovering replacement fertility, extending lifespans, and the demographic future of the human race.
An Essay on the Scriptural Doctrine of Immortality (Start Classics)
by James ChallisBy immortality is ordinarily understood the doctrine that the human soul will survive death, continuing in the possession of an endless conscious existence. Together with the question of the existence of God, it forms the most momentous issue with which philosophy has to deal. It belongs primarily to rational or metaphysical psychology and the philosophy of religion, though it comes also into contact with other branches of philosophy and some of the natural sciences.