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Aerotropolis: The Way We'll Live Next
by John D. Kasarda Greg LindsayThis brilliant and eye-opening look at the new phenomenon called the aerotropolis gives us a glimpse of the way we will live in the near future—and the way we will do business too. Not so long ago, airports were built near cities, and roads connected the one to the other. This pattern—the city in the center, the airport on the periphery— shaped life in the twentieth century, from the central city to exurban sprawl. Today, the ubiquity of jet travel, round-the-clock workdays, overnight shipping, and global business networks has turned the pattern inside out. Soon the airport will be at the center and the city will be built around it, the better to keep workers, suppliers, executives, and goods in touch with the global market. This is the aerotropolis: a combination of giant airport, planned city, shipping facility, and business hub. The aerotropolis approach to urban living is now reshaping life in Seoul and Amsterdam, in China and India, in Dallas and Washington, D.C. The aerotropolis is the frontier of the next phase of globalization, whether we like it or not. John D. Kasarda defined the term "aerotropolis," and he is now sought after worldwide as an adviser. Working with Kasarda's ideas and research, the gifted journalist Greg Lindsay gives us a vivid, at times disquieting look at these instant cities in the making, the challenges they present to our environment and our usual ways of life, and the opportunities they offer to those who can exploit them creatively. Aerotropolis is news from the near future—news we urgently need if we are to understand the changing world and our place in it.
The Aegean Sea Environment: The Geodiversity of the Natural System (The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry #127)
by Andrey G. Kostianoy Christos L. Anagnostou Ilias D. Mariolakos Panayotis Panayotidis Marina Soilemezidou Grigoris TsaltasThis is the first of three Books that together provide an integrated picture of the Aegean Sea, presenting the natural components of the system (Book I and Book II) as well as the human presence in the extended area (Book III). The Aegean Sea, also called Aegean Archipelagos, is an open, complex, and diverse marine system situated between the Black Sea and the Eastern Mediterranean, with different compartments and interactions. This book provides an in-depth exploration of the Aegean Sea's natural systems, shedding light on its geodiversity, geological dynamics, air-land-sea interaction, hydrology, suspended matter and sediments. Divided into 4 parts, the book introduces the diversity, geological dynamics, and evolution of the natural system of the Aegean Sea (Parts 1 and 2), followed by a section devoted to the land-sea interaction in the Aegean coastal system where experts in the field explore freshwater and matter inputs into the Aegean coastal system, as well as the coastal morphodynamics and evolution of the Aegean Sea, its adjacent land areas, and islands. In Part 3, the book delves into the air-sea interaction over the Aegean Sea, presenting its intricate dynamics, including heat and freshwater fluxes, wind waves, tides, and atmospheric deposition. The book closes with a section focused on the hydrology, chemistry, and dynamics of water masses and the sea bottom, providing insights into suspended matter and fluxes, sediments, climate changes, and the intricate nutrient and carbon dynamics within the Aegean Sea ecosystem (Part 4). Given the breadth and depth of its coverage, this book serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scholars, and students interested in marine geology, oceanography, and environmental analysis, as well as policymakers and conservationists seeking a comprehensive understanding of the Aegean Sea's complex natural systems.
Aeffect: The Affect and Effect of Artistic Activism
by Stephen DuncombeThe first book to seriously identify how artistic activism works and how to make it work betterThe past decade has seen an explosion in the hybrid practice of “artistic activism,” as artists have turned toward activism to make their work more socially impactful and activists have adopted techniques and perspectives from the arts to make their interventions more creative. Yet questions haunt the practice: Does artistic activism work aesthetically? Does it work politically? And what does “working” even mean when one combines art and activism? In Æffect, author Stephen Duncombe sets out to address these questions at the heart of the field of artistic activism.Written by the co-founder and current Research Director of the internationally recognized Center for Artistic Activism, Æffect draws on Duncombe’s more than twenty-five years of experience in the field and one hundred in-depth interviews with artistic activists worldwide. More than a mere academic exercise, the theory, research, and tools in this book lay the groundwork for artistic activists to evaluate and strengthen their practice and to create better projects. The exploration of good artistic activism is grounded in three sets of concerns. 1) Change: Upon what theories of change is artistic activism based? 2) Intention: What do we hope and expect artistic activism to do, and how does it do this? 3) Evaluation: What actually happens as the result of an artistic activist intervention? Can it be measured?Æffect is rich with examples that demonstrate successful artistic activism, including Undocubus, an old bus painted “No Fear” across its side that was driven cross-country by a group of undocumented immigrant activists; Journal Rappé, a video show created by Senegalese rappers who created long-form investigative reports by rapping the current news in French and Wolof; and War on Smog, a staged a public performance piece by artistic activists in the city of Chongqing in Southwest China. Scannable QR codes are included to provide tools that help readers assess the æffect of their artistic activism.
Advertising Literacy for Young Audiences in the Digital Age: A Critical Attitude to Embedded Formats
by Beatriz Feijoo Erika Fernández GómezThis book analyzes how children and adolescents aged between 10 and 17 engage with digital advertising and highlights the importance of promoting advertising literacy to help young audiences recognize advertising and distinguish it from other media content in the digital age. As the advertising sector evolves, incorporating new formats like branded content and influencer marketing, the frontiers between commercial content and regular media become blurred, posing a challenge for children and adolescents to discern persuasive intent in advertising and distinguish advertising from other media content. In this context, it is crucial to assess children and adolescents’ preparedness to navigate digital advertising effectively by understanding their level of advertising literacy. With a higher level of advertising literacy, young audiences can evaluate advertisements, considering factors such as product appeal, presentation, and relevance to their experiences, as well as grasp thepurpose behind advertising and the techniques employed. This contributed volume brings together empirical studies and literature reviews to present an overview of the current research on advertising literacy among boys and girls aged between 10 and 17 in different countries to help educators, policymakers, advertisers, and society at large collaborate in nurturing responsible, informed, and ethically conscious digital citizens. Advertising Literacy for Young Audiences in the Digital Age: A Critical Attitude to Embedded Formats will be of interest to researchers working with media education, media sociology and childhood and adolescence studies. It will also help educators and policymakers develop better strategies to prepare children and adolescents to navigate digital advertising effectively.
Adventures of the Brain: What the brain does and how it works (Adventures of the Brain)
by Professor Sanjay ManoharA funny, accessible and unique guide to everything the brain is and does, told through comic strip adventures and written by Professor Sanjay Manohar, leading expert in Neuroscience.Learn all about the most mysterious organ in the human body - the Brain! Adventures of the Brain is a bumper book that follows the everyday escapades of a brain character to explain the brain's key functions and concepts such as how we remember, learn new skills or even move our bodies! Also discover how we concentrate, handle pain, plan ahead and communicate and the many billions of neurons that make all this possible. Each cartoon strip adventure is followed by a visually-led information spread to consolidate the learning and reinforce how things work. A Perfect fit for children 8+ and all curious and inquisitive minds.
The Adventures of the Ant Sugar: Sugar And The Sun
by Kiki AndersonDo you want to know where the sun is hiding? Do you know what the sun is and how many suns there are? Sugar Ant didn’t know either, but with the help of his new friends, he soon found the answers. Things are sometimes quite simple, and we don’t have to look to the ends of the earth to find them because they are very close to us! Another tale of Ant Sugar will take you to exciting new adventures, and will make you experience together with him the unexpected revelations about the sun.
The Adventures of Spleebe: Spleebe’s First Day, First Christmas. First Camp, and First girlfriend
by Sandy BeechIt’s the year 2040, and thanks to astonishing advances in space exploration technology, humans have made first contact with a variety of astonishing alien civilizations. United in an intergalactic coalition called the Unified Federation of Galaxies, Earthlings now have access to the profound wisdom of far more advanced beings from across the cosmos. As interplanetary travel and immigration become commonplace, the Sprantle family moves from their homeworld to Melbourne, Australia when Mr. Blaptet Sprantle accepts a position with the Australian Space Agency. For young Spleebe Sprantle and his sister Pweedle, fitting in with the earthlings poses an unexpected challenge, as the sibling aliens struggle to align their eccentric appearances and mannerisms to blend into this utterly foreign society. Eager to assimilate, the well-meaning extraterrestrial newcomers soon discover that being accepted is far more easily said than done. In his fish-out-of-water quest to be understood, precocious young Spleebe learns that even across galaxies, the things that make you different are often the very things that make you stand out. Overflowing with humour and heart, The Adventures of Spleebe is an out-of-this-world coming-of-age tale about embracing your uniqueness while navigating the winding roads that lead to belonging. As Spleebe forges unlikely friendships with his new human pals, he shows Earth’s children that being an alien on the inside is something to celebrate.
The Adventures of Pellington and Welephant - Paris By Train
by Sarah Henderson“I know!” said Pellington. “How about a day trip to Paris?” Join Pellington and Welephant as they head off on their Paris adventure. Climb the Eiffel Tower with them. Enjoy lunch with them. See many other exciting places with them. At the end of the day discuss where they might go on their next adventure.
The Adventures of Lucky and Bud: The Pursuit
by Francis C. PengitoreThis sequel to The Adventures of Lucky and Bud: The Rescue finds the boys at the center of a mystery when their chipmunk cousins&’ winter food cache is robbed, and the mischievous pair, who have a reputation for raiding bird feeders, eating flower bulbs, and stealing corn cobs and tomatoes from Mr. Pickles&’ vegetable garden, become suspects. To clear their names, find the real thief and, hopefully, recover the stolen food, they lead a search with help from their friends and other animals in their neighborhood to hunt for clues in what turns out to be a thrilling and, at times, risky, pursuit.Along the way, the amateur detectives learn about the importance of friendship and loyalty, as well as the problems that can arise from prejudging others without knowing all the facts or shunning those who look different or come from unfamiliar places.
The Adventures of John Carson in Several Quarters of the World: A Novel of Robert Louis Stevenson
by Brian Doyle"An affectionate homage...a loving reconstruction of an era of storytelling now lost." —The New York Times"[A] triumph...If a writer is going to put on Stevenson’s voice, he’d better, as the poets say, 'bring it.' Reader, Doyle has brought it...Adventures is a tonic for our bitter times." —Washington PostThe young Robert Louis Stevenson, living in a boarding house in San Francisco in the 19th century while waiting for his beloved’s divorce from her feckless husband, dreamed of writing a soaring novel about his landlady’s adventurous and globe-trotting husband—but he never got around to it. And very soon thereafter he was married, headed home to Scotland, and on his way to becoming the most famous novelist in the world, after writing such classics as Treasure Island, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, and Kidnapped.But now Brian Doyle brings Stevenson’s untold tale to life, braiding the adventures of seaman John Carson with those of a young Stevenson, wandering the streets of San Francisco, gathering material for his fiction, and yearning for his beloved across the bay. An adventure tale, an elegy to one of the greatest writers of our language, a time-traveling plunge into The City by the Bay during its own energetic youth, The Adventures of John Carson in Several Quarters of the World is entertaining, poignant, and sensual.
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (Puffin Classics)
by Mark TwainPuffin Classics: the definitive collection of timeless stories, for every child Rediscover the Puffin Classics collection and bring the best-loved classics to a new generation - including this 140th anniversary edition of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, complete with a special introduction by Darren Shan.Huckleberry Finn's childhood wasn't exactly smooth sailing but everything changed when he met Tom Sawyer.'Now we’ll start this band of robbers and call it Tom Sawyer’s Gang!' The Gang embark on an adventure down the long Mississippi river, bound by an oath to make trouble at every turn, until they meet Jim. . .Will the Gang work together to help him?
The Adventures of Drip and Drop
by Jaimal YogisBeloved children&’s book authors Jaimal Yogis and Matthew Allen are back with a new children&’s book about how mindfulness begins with a leap of faith to feel alive againDrip and Drop are just a couple of care-free clouds floating on the breeze. But when Sky Dive Day hits, they're forced to discover what they're really made of (and yes, their names are a hint). Join Drip and Drop on this hilarious and heartwarming adventure as they struggle to embrace change, face their fears, and open their hearts while also getting a first-hand crash course in the water cycle.
The Adventures of Bubba Jones: Time Traveling Through the Great Smoky Mountains (A National Park Series #1)
by Jeff Alt Hannah TuohyTommy "Bubba Jones" and his sister Jenny "Hug-a-Bug" learn more about the Great Smoky Mountain National Park than they ever thought they would when Papa Lewis lets them in on a family secret: The family has legendary time traveling skills! With these abilities, Bubba Jones and Hug-a-Bug travel back in time and meet the park’s founders, its earliest settlers, native Cherokee Indians, wild animals, extinct creatures, and what the park was like millions of years ago. With this time traveling ability also comes a family mystery, but the only person who can help solve the mystery is a long lost relative who lives somewhere in the park. Explore the Smokies with Bubba Jones and family in a whole new way.
The Adventures of Ariana and Shadow: The Sock Thief
by Hafdis HafsteinsAriana is turning four years old and receives a birthday present: a new dress and socks from her grandmother. When one of the socks gets lost in the washing machine, Ariana and her devoted friend Shadow discover another world inside their house. Will they be able to find the sock?
Adventures of a Christmas Elf: The brand new festive blockbuster (Christmas Elf Chronicles #3)
by Ben MillerChristmas magic, delivered! Join the festive fun in the third heartwarming instalment of the top-ten bestselling Christmas Elf Chronicles. The perfect Christmas gift, OUT NOW! Father Christmas needs a holiday. He isn't feeling well and someone seems determined to ruin the festivities. It's up to Christmas Elves, Tog and Holly, to find a way to deliver the presents on time and bring the Christmas magic back for everyone. A laugh-out-loud race against time with a heartwarming message of teamwork, and the perfect stocking filler for all the family to enjoy this Christmas. A funny and heartwarming story from the King of Christmas, Ben Miller – the perfect sized gift for all the family! Discover the magic of life as a Christmas Elf in all three laugh-out-loud stories that will take you round the world on Santa&’s sleigh, including Diary of a Christmas Elf and Secrets of a Christmas Elf.
Adventure, Mystery, and Romance: Formula Stories As Art And Popular Culture
by John G. CaweltIn this first general theory for the analysis of popular literary formulas, John G. Cawelti reveals the artistry that underlies the best in formulaic literature. Cawelti discusses such seemingly diverse works as Mario Puzo's The Godfather, Dorothy Sayers's The Nine Tailors, and Owen Wister's The Virginian in the light of his hypotheses about the cultural function of formula literature. He describes the most important artistic characteristics of popular formula stories and the differences between this literature and that commonly labeled "high" or "serious" literature. He also defines the archetypal patterns of adventure, mystery, romance, melodrama, and fantasy, and offers a tentative account of their basis in human psychology.
Adventure Dogs: Activities to Share with Your Dog - from Comfy Couches to Mountain Tops
by Fern WattLet your dog lead the way to adventure!Grab your four-legged best friend and start making the most of every day, and every dog year. In Adventure Dogs: Activities to Share with Your Dog—from Comfy Couches to Mountain Tops, author Fern Watt teams up with canine experts to offer more than 50 surprising new ways to strengthen the connection you share with your dog. Captured in vibrant, full-color photography, activities range from simple to epic. What would make your dog's "bucket list" of must-see and -do adventures? Find out together as you uncover your pup's special interests and skills using this adventure book.Follow your pup into a world of herding, sniffing, playing, howling, and walking! From hiking a mountain or taking a smell walk in your own neighborhood to training like a Navy SEAL or practicing "doga" poses, Adventure Dogs has an activity or experience for every breed, personality, energy level, age, and dog parent. Our Dogs remind us that great adventures don't always require a passport—there are tons of wonders right outside our front doors.Perfect for dog lovers, armchair travelers, and active pet parents alike, Adventure Dogs reveals inspirational and practical ways for us humans to understand, appreciate, and live in the moment with our furry companions.• PRACTICAL ADVENTURES: Features more than 50 real, everyday activities to engage with your dog in scientifically-backed ways. With a range of prices, activity levels, and time investments, there's something in this animal activity book for everyone and every pup.• BACKED BY RESEARCH: Author Fern Watt traveled and did her own research with her rescue dog, Bette. She's also consulted renowned scientists and behaviorists (Alexandra Horowitz), bestselling dog-book authors (Seth Casteel), Instagram-famous dog owners (@tunameltsmyheart), and people who have expanded the limits of what we thought dogs could do, whether it's surf, skateboard, paint, do yoga, run for mayor, or graduate from an Ivy League school.• INSPIRATIONAL LOCATIONS: Features pet-friendly destinations (hotels, beaches, dog parks, hikes, and more!) around the United States and abroad.• OVERFLOWING WITH IDEAS: Watt consults a range of experts to add stories, tips, and photography to the book. The result is a vibrant collection of voices and perspectives.
The Advent of PhyloCode: The Continuing Evolution of Biological Nomenclature
by Michel LaurinBiological nomenclature is an essential tool for storing and retrieving biological information. Yet traditional nomenclature poorly reflects evolutionary theory. Current biological nomenclature is one of the few fields promoting deliberately vague usage of technical terms. A new code based on evolutionary studies and phylogenetic results (the PhyloCode) will be a major milestone in biological nomenclature. Unfortunately, The PhyloCode and the companion volume are highly technical publications intended for practicing systematists. This book will reach a broader readership of those using nomenclature but who remain unaware of its theoretical foundations.Key Features Responds to the biodiversity crisis and the recent implementation of the PhyloCode Summarizes the spectacular progress of phylogenetics which makes it both increasingly easy and crucially important to define precisely taxon names Provides a 300-year historical perspective featuring high-profile characters, such as Linnaeus and Darwin Summarizes for a broad readership a widely scattered, highly technical and underappreciated scientific literature Documents the activities of the International Society for Phylogenetic Nomenclature, a scholarly society in which the author has played a prominent role
The Advancing World of Applied Electromagnetics: In Honor and Appreciation of Magdy Fahmy Iskander
by Akhlesh Lakhtakia Cynthia M. Furse Tom G. MackayThis book commemorates five decades of research by Professor Magdy F. Iskander (Life Fellow IEEE) on materials and devices for the radiation, propagation, scattering, and applications of electromagnetic waves, chiefly in the MHz-THz frequency range as well on electromagnetics education. This synopsis of electromagnetics, stemming from the life and times of just one person, is meant to inspire junior researchers and reinvigorate mid-level researchers in the electromagnetics community. The authors of this book are internationally known researchers, including 12 IEEE fellows, who highlight interesting research and new directions in theoretical, experimental, and applied electromagnetics.Provides a single-source reference to many of the most significant developments of the past 5 decades in theoretical, experimental, and applied electromagnetics;Offers readers in each sub-discipline discussed current research trends, the state of the art, the chief toolsneeded in that area, and the vision of a research leader for that area;Includes content of particular interest in Antennas and Propagation, as well as Microwave Theory and Techniques.
Advancing Smart Cities: Sustainable Practices, Digital Transformation, and IoT Innovations (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)
by Simon Elias Bibri Anna Visvizi Orlando TroisiThis book presents a comprehensive exploration of the transformative journey toward smart cities and the implementation of cutting-edge technologies in urban development. Divided into four distinct parts, it covers a broad range of topics that contribute to sustainable, efficient, and innovative urban living. Encompassing diverse research from IEREK's Future Smart Cities (FSC) conference, it focuses on smart city advancement through sustainable practices, digital transformation, and IoT integration. Covering topics such as smart buildings, urban planning during pandemics, and IoT applications in health care and agriculture, this book shapes the future of urban living. It delves further into opportunities in city regeneration, human-centric smart design, IoT data effectiveness, and more. A valuable resource for academics, researchers, and policymakers, it offers insights into telecommunications, AI, smart manufacturing, and methodologies for urban ecosystem improvement.
Advances in Wheat Breeding: Towards Climate Resilience and Nutrient Security
by Nusret Zencirci Fahri Altay Faheem S. Baloch Muhammad Azhar Nadeem Ndiko LudidiThis edited book addresses the introduction to wheat, advancements in breeding, the contribution of biotechnological approaches, the development of climate-resilient wheat cultivars, and biofortification efforts to create nutrient-rich wheat cultivars.The world faces simultaneous challenges of a growing population and climate change. It is anticipated that the world population will exceed 9 billion by 2050. Meanwhile, climate change significantly impacts agriculture through uneven patterns, expected to worsen in the coming years, resulting in substantial losses due to biotic and abiotic stresses. Wheat, a staple food for millions worldwide, requires more studies to develop climate-resilient cultivars with improved nutritional content. Given these considerations, it is crucial to understand the activities conducted for wheat breeding and address the current gap to ensure an ample food supply for future generations.This book is beneficial for researchers, teachers, agriculturists, biologists, climate change scientists, and organizations involved in wheat breeding. It also serves as a valuable resource for undergraduate, master, and PhD students interested in wheat.
Advances in Tourism, Technology and Systems: Selected Papers from ICOTTS 2023, Volume 1 (Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies #383)
by António Abreu João Vidal Carvalho Pedro Liberato Hazael Cerón MonroyThis book features a collection of high-quality research papers presented at the International Conference on Tourism, Technology and Systems (ICOTTS 2023), held at Anáhuac University, Bacalar, Mexico, from 2 to 4 November 2023. The book is divided into two volumes, and it covers the areas of technology in tourism and the tourist experience, generations and technology in tourism, digital marketing applied to tourism and travel, mobile technologies applied to sustainable tourism, information technologies in tourism, digital transformation of tourism business, e-tourism and tourism 2.0, big data and management for travel and tourism, geotagging and tourist mobility, smart destinations, robotics in tourism, and information systems and technologies.
Advances in Sewn Product Technology
by Anita MitchellThe fashion industry continues to contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. It is one of the biggest polluters, one of the most wasteful of all global industries and is under increasing pressure to address unsustainable practice. Emerging out of the pandemic era the fashion industry is also responding to a variety of complex industry challenges such as high return rates, customer demand for better fitting apparel, faster fashion, the drive towards personalisation and greater transparency and sustainability across the value chain. These factors along with increasing labour costs are furthermore exerting force on the industry to embrace nearshoring and reshoring. Based on extensive primary research involving oral histories methodology with leading industry professionals involved in the innovation of technological and digital solutions for the fashion industry, this book presents the latest advances in sewn product technology which offer solutions to many of the fashion industry’s current and emerging challenges whilst also informing how these developments are influencing fashion jobs of today and tomorrow. This book is therefore of value to fashion students, academics, researchers, and technicians as well as those working within the fashion industry involved in the design, development, manufacture, buying and retail of fashion apparel.Features: Provides a comprehensive insight into the latest advances in sewing machine technology including advanced automation and robotics used in the manufacture of fashion apparel. Provides a comprehensive insight into the latest industrial sewing threads and needles that can effectively support sustainable design practice. Exclusively covers advances in digital technologies to support sustainable practice including advances in 3D body scanning and digital measuring systems, recent advances in digital pattern making and pattern design systems, recent advances in 3D fashion design software and the latest advances in Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) systems used within the fashion industry. Includes sections on advances in No-Sew Seam Bonding and ultrasonic welding technologies. Provides an insight into advancements in 3D cloth simulation and prototyping for apparel design and gaming. Enables readers to understand the impact of the latest advances in sewn product technology on the jobs of today and tomorrow. Case studies that provide working examples of advances in sewn product technology.
Advances in River Corridor Research and Applications: Select Proceedings of RCRM 2023 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #470)
by Vinay Chembolu Subashisa DuttaThis book presents the select proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on River Corridor Research and Management (RCRM 2023). It describes various topics on fluvio-hydro-ecological processes of river systems. The topics covered include river dynamics and morphological changes, river health and ecological aspects and satellite remote sensing for river corridor studies. The book also discusses the morphological behavior of gravel and sand-bed rivers, hydrological and hydraulics modeling and other important aspects of riverine ecology. The book will be a valuable reference for researchers and professionals working in the areas of river science.
Advances in Risk and Reliability Modelling and Assessment: Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Reliability Safety and Hazard (ICRESH 2024) (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
by Prabhakar V. Varde Gopika Vinod N. S. JoshiThis book presents the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Reliability Safety & Hazard-2024, held in Mumbai during February 21–24, 2024. It covers the latest advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning in development of risk-conscious culture. Various topics covered in this volume are reliability prediction, precursor event analysis, fuzzy reliability, structural reliability, passive system reliability, digital system reliability, risk-informed approach to decision making, dynamic PSA, uncertainty and sensitivity modeling, among others. The book is a valuable resource for researchers and professionals working in both academia and industry in the areas of complex systems, safety-critical systems, and risk-based engineering.