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Enzymes: A Practical Introduction to Structure, Mechanism, and Data Analysis
by Robert A. CopelandENZYMES A complete and approachable introduction to the study of enzymes, from theory to practice Enzymes catalyze the bulk of important biological processes, both metabolic and biochemical. They are specialized proteins whose function is determined by their structure, understanding which is therefore a key focus of biological, pharmacological, and agrarian research, among many others. A thorough knowledge of enzyme structure, pathways, and mechanisms is a fundamental building block of the life sciences and all others connected to them. Enzymes offers a detailed introduction to this critical subject. It analyzes enzyme proteins at the structural level and details the mechanisms by which they perform their catalyzing functions. The book’s in-depth engagement with primary literature and up-to-date research allows it to continuously deploy illustrative examples and connect readers with further research on key subjects. Fully updated after decades as the standard text, this book unlocks a thriving field of biological and biochemical research. Readers of the third edition of Enzymes will also find: Expanded chapters on steady-state and transient-state enzyme kinetics, structural components of enzymes, and more New chapters on enzyme regulation, enzyme-macromolecule interactions, enzyme evolution, and enzymes in human health Key Learning Points at the beginning of each chapter to assist students and instructors Enzymes promises to continue as the standard reference on this subject for practitioners of the life sciences and related fields in both academia and industry.
Audit Analytics: Data Science for the Accounting Profession (Use R!)
by J. Christopher WestlandThis book, using R and RStudio, demonstrates how to render an audit opinion that is legally and statistically defensible; analyze, extract, and manipulate accounting data; build a risk assessment matrix to inform the conduct of a cost-effective audit program; and more. Today, information technology plays a pivotal role in financial control and audit: most financial data is now digitally recorded and dispersed among servers, clouds and networks over which the audited firm has no control. Additionally, a firm’s data—particularly in the case of finance, software, insurance and biotech firms—comprises most of the audited value of the firm. Financial audits are critical mechanisms for ensuring the integrity of information systems and the reporting of organizational finances. They help avoid the abuses that led to passage of legislation such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (1977), and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (2002). Audit effectiveness has declined over the past two decades, as auditor skillsets have failed to keep up with advances in information technology. Information and communication technology lie at the core of commerce today and are integrated in business processes around the world. This book is designed to meet the increasing need of audit professionals to understand information technology and the controls required to manage it. This 2nd edition includes updated code and test. Machine learning, AI, and SEC’s EDGAR data are also, improved and updated. The material included focuses on the requirements for annual Securities and Exchange Commission audits (10-K) for listed corporations. These represent the benchmark auditing procedures for specialized audits, such as internal, governmental, and attestation audits. Many examples reflect the focus of the 2024 CPA exam, and the data analytics-machine learning approach will be central to the AICPA’s programs, in the near future.
Programming Languages and Systems: 33rd European Symposium on Programming, ESOP 2024, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2024, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, April 6–11, 2024, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14577)
by Stephanie WeirichThe two-volume open access book set LNCS 14576 + 14577 constitutes the proceedings of the 33rd European Symposium on Programming, ESOP 2024, which was held during April 6-11, 2024, in Luxemburg, as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2024.The 25 full papers and 1 fresh perspective paper presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 72 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections as follows:Part I: Effects and modal types; bidirectional typing and session types; dependent types; Part II: Quantum programming and domain-specific languages; verification; program analysis; abstract interpretation.
The Disabled Body in Contemporary Art
by Ann Millett-GallantThe second edition offers an essential update to the foundational first edition, The Disabled Body in Contemporary Art. Featuring updated chapters and case studies, this second edition will not only expand on the first edition but will bring a new focus to contemporary disabled artists and their embodied, multimedia work.
Reinforcement Learning: Aktuelle Ansätze verstehen – mit Beispielen in Java und Greenfoot
by Uwe LorenzIn uralten Spielen wie Schach oder Go können sich die brillantesten Spieler verbessern, indem sie die von einer Maschine produzierten Strategien studieren. Robotische Systeme üben ihre Bewegungen selbst. In Arcade Games erreichen lernfähige Agenten innerhalb weniger Stunden übermenschliches Niveau. Wie funktionieren diese spektakulären Algorithmen des bestärkenden Lernens? Mit gut verständlichen Erklärungen und übersichtlichen Beispielen in Java und Greenfoot können Sie sich die Prinzipien des bestärkenden Lernens aneignen und in eigenen intelligenten Agenten anwenden. Greenfoot (M.Kölling, King’s College London) und das Hamster-Modell (D.Bohles, Universität Oldenburg) sind einfache, aber auch mächtige didaktische Werkzeuge, die entwickelt wurden, um Grundkonzepte der Programmierung zu vermitteln. Wir werden Figuren wie den Java-Hamster zu lernfähigen Agenten machen, die eigenständig ihre Umgebung erkunden. Die zweite Auflage enthält neue Themen wie "Genetische Algorithmen" und "Künstliche Neugier" sowie Korrekturen und Überarbeitungen.
Computational Stochastic Programming: Models, Algorithms, and Implementation (Springer Optimization and Its Applications #774)
by Lewis NtaimoThis book provides a foundation in stochastic, linear, and mixed-integer programming algorithms with a focus on practical computer algorithm implementation. The purpose of this book is to provide a foundational and thorough treatment of the subject with a focus on models and algorithms and their computer implementation. The book’s most important features include a focus on both risk-neutral and risk-averse models, a variety of real-life example applications of stochastic programming, decomposition algorithms, detailed illustrative numerical examples of the models and algorithms, and an emphasis on computational experimentation. With a focus on both theory and implementation of the models and algorithms for solving practical optimization problems, this monograph is suitable for readers with fundamental knowledge of linear programming, elementary analysis, probability and statistics, and some computer programming background. Several examples of stochastic programming applications areincluded, providing numerical examples to illustrate the models and algorithms for both stochastic linear and mixed-integer programming, and showing the reader how to implement the models and algorithms using computer software.
Past Environments of Mexico: Unveiling the Past Environments of a Megadiverse Country Through its Fossil Record (Springer Geology)
by Rosalía Guerrero-Arenas Eduardo Jiménez-HidalgoMexico is a biodiverse country. The dynamics of environments from Mexico played a crucial role in the history of North American biota. This book analyzes the paleoenvironmental conditions using several biological groups and various methods. This book also demonstrates how this information is specifically used to elucidate Mexico‘s past environments and habitats (terrestrial, freshwater, and marine). This book fills an existing editorial gap since much of the information is dispersed in several bibliographic sources. The authors are active paleontologists in diverse Mexican universities and research centers. Their research activities contribute to the knowledge of the Mexican biota through geologic time.
IGEC Transactions, Volume 1: Proceedings of the 15th International Green Energy Conference (IGEC-XV) (Springer Proceedings in Energy)
by Jian Zhao Sambhaji Kadam Zhibin Yu Xianguo LiThis book is the first volume of the proceedings of the 15th International Green Energy Conference (IGEC) held in Glasgow, UK from 10-13 July 2023. This meeting is the latest in a multi-disciplinary international conference series on the use of energy with no or reduced environmental, social, and economic impacts. The conference provided a platform for sharing new technical information, disseminating high-quality research results, presenting the latest developments in energy and environment, and debating the shaping of future directions and priorities for sustainable development and energy security.This conference proceedings is of particular value and interest to researchers, scientists, engineers, and practitioners from relevant fields of energy and environment, from policy-making and technical development to management and marketing.
Share the Universe: A Guide to Outreach Astronomy (The Patrick Moore Practical Astronomy Series)
by Richard StemberAs every astronomer knows, astronomy is one of the most approachable and inspiring of the natural sciences. It appeals to both children and adults while drawing in curious minds with its immense distances and unimaginably powerful natural phenomena. In this book, you will find out how to be a part of the journey in sharing scientific knowledge and inspiring minds of all ages. By using the affordable tools and techniques provided in this book – you will learn about how astronomers can easily engage people with views of our solar system’s planets, moons, and even more distant objects like nebulas, stellar nurseries, and remnants of exploded stars. Perhaps most importantly, the natural appeal of this science is helpful when explaining to non-scientists how science “works." What is science and scientific methodology? How is it used to give mankind knowledge and solutions to problems that we face in many scientific fields including medicine? How does it differ from other sources of information? This book, sprinkled with the author’s 24 plus years of personal experience in public outreach, offers practical techniques to engage, educate, and inspire all who are interested in the field of astronomy.
Marketing Case Studies in Emerging Markets: Contemporary Multi-industry Issues and Best-practices (Springer Business Cases)
by Dilip S. Mutum Soo Yeong Ewe Ezlika M. Ghazali Racheal Louis VincentThere is an increasing interest in emerging markets because of the higher economic growth rates compared to developed economies. However, these markets have a diverse consumer base with unique needs and preferences. As a result, companies in these markets face different challenges and opportunities. Unfortunately, there is a lack of marketing cases from these markets. This book presents actual real-world marketing cases in these markets offering an in-depth look at some of the issues faced by companies in different industries. It is hoped that the cases would serve as valuable reference material for academics, students, professionals in marketing, business strategy, and other related fields as well as policymakers, to better understand the challenges of these markets, and develop strategies to succeed in them.
The 24th Hour: Is This The End? (A Women's Murder Club Thriller)
by James Patterson Maxine Paetro&“Tough-but-tender cop Lindsay Boxer&” (People) leads the Women&’s Murder Club in the high-profile murder investigation of a billionaire San Francisco couple. As enemies lurk in the shadows, will Cindy, Claire, Yuki, and Lindsay still be standing when the clock strikes midnight? SFPD Sergeant Lindsay Boxer, Medical Examiner Claire Washburn, Assistant District Attorney Yuki Castellano, and crime writer Cindy Thomas gather at one of San Francisco&’s finest restaurants to celebrate exciting news: Cindy is getting married. Before they can raise their glasses, there&’s a disturbance in the restaurant. A woman has been assaulted. Claire examines the victim. Lindsay makes an arrest. Yuki takes the case. Cindy covers it. The legal strategy is complicated by gaps in the plaintiff&’s memory—and the shocking reason behind her ever-changing testimony. As Yuki leads the prosecution, Lindsay chases down a high-society killer whose target practice may leave the Women&’s Murder Club short a bridesmaid … or two.
Undetectable
by Casey CharlesUndetectable is a story of love, loss, and viral loads, a memoir of long-term survival with HIV. From New York graduate student in 1989, who contracts the virus from the love of his life to Montana writer in 2018 visiting the slums of Nairobi, the author finds his own drama intertwined with the astonishing stories of his HIV+ peers, narratives that intersect the path of his travails and act as foils to the foibles of a gay man who comes out, falls in love, and faces a death sentence at the beginning of his career. In his fight for drugs, friends, and support, Charles learns the power of linking self to other as he confronts stigma, heartbreak, and fear with a visceral resilience. By discovering the power of community, Undetectable explores a generation of long-term HIV survivors who have lived to tell the story of an AIDS pandemic now in its fifth decade without cure or vaccine.
The Harvest
by Diego RaudaAfter a nightmare about a disembodied, skinless head calling him from under the bed, Daniel woke with a jolt, but managed to fall asleep again with little effort. He was used to these hellish visions— while asleep. Now the visions have started to cross over to his waking life, and it' s game over. As he tries to bury the feeling that he' s being stalked by an unseen force, one of his closest friends takes their own life in front of Daniel, but only after blaming him and “ the dragon he carries.” While he races to elucidate a mystery that recedes before him, the people closest to Daniel continue to die in perverse circumstances. Against his better judgment, Daniel follows the thread which connects these deaths in order to discover the truth.
Official Google Cloud Certified Professional Machine Learning Engineer Study Guide (Sybex Study Guide)
by Mona Mona Pratap RamamurthyExpert, guidance for the Google Cloud Machine Learning certification exam In Google Cloud Certified Professional Machine Learning Study Guide, a team of accomplished artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) specialists delivers an expert roadmap to AI and ML on the Google Cloud Platform based on new exam curriculum. With Sybex, you’ll prepare faster and smarter for the Google Cloud Certified Professional Machine Learning Engineer exam and get ready to hit the ground running on your first day at your new job as an ML engineer. The book walks readers through the machine learning process from start to finish, starting with data, feature engineering, model training, and deployment on Google Cloud. It also discusses best practices on when to pick a custom model vs AutoML or pretrained models with Vertex AI platform. All technologies such as Tensorflow, Kubeflow, and Vertex AI are presented by way of real-world scenarios to help you apply the theory to practical examples and show you how IT professionals design, build, and operate secure ML cloud environments. The book also shows you how to: Frame ML problems and architect ML solutions from scratch Banish test anxiety by verifying and checking your progress with built-in self-assessments and other practical tools Use the Sybex online practice environment, complete with practice questions and explanations, a glossary, objective maps, and flash cardsA can’t-miss resource for everyone preparing for the Google Cloud Certified Professional Machine Learning certification exam, or for a new career in ML powered by the Google Cloud Platform, this Sybex Study Guide has everything you need to take the next step in your career.
Biomass Hydrolyzing Enzymes: Basics, Advancements, and Applications (Sustainable Industrial and Environmental Bioprocesses)
by Reeta Rani Singhania, Anil Kumar Patel, Héctor A. Ruiz, Ashok PandeyThis reference book provides advanced knowledge about lignocellulosic biomass production and its application in biomass hydrolysis. Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant, ubiquitous, and renewable raw material in the world. Though biomass can be deconstructed by other means, biological ways through enzymes are eco-friendly and sustainable. Biomass Hydrolyzing Enzymes: Basics, Advancements, and Applications discusses the different enzymes used for degrading biomass into its monomeric components. It covers important topics like biorefineries, hydrolysis of algal mass, kinetic modelling for hydrolysis, inhibitory effects, and more.Key Features Highlights recent developments in biorefineries, specific enzymes, inhibitor tolerance, and enhanced efficiencies Provides details on various kinds of biomass hydrolysis including algal biomass Includes the best practices for getting economic and efficient high conversions of biomass Covers strategies to be adopted for increasing the production of highly efficient enzymes Explores the advancements in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysis The book is suitable for researchers and students in biotechnology, applied microbiology, and environmental sciences.
Teaching and Learning with Technologies in the Primary School
by Marilyn Leask Sarah YounieThis fully updated third edition of Teaching and Learning with Technologies in the Primary School introduces practising and student teachers to the range of ways in which technology can be used to support and extend teaching and learning opportunities in their classrooms.Newly expanded to include 50% brand new chapters reflecting the abundant changes in the field since the last edition was published, it offers practical guidance underpinned by the latest research and teaching in the field. The authors draw on the extensive experience of educators in Australia, England, Ireland, Scotland, South Africa, the U.S.A. and Wales to provide local, national and international examples of the application of digital technologies to teaching and learning across the primary curriculum.Illustrated throughout with case studies and examples together with a glossary explaining key terms, chapters focus on how technology-based practices can support the teaching of individual subjects, as well as a range of teaching and learning styles. Key and new topics covered include:- Supporting reading and writing with technology- Technology in the early years- Developing e-skills of parents- Use of Virtual Reality in learning- PedTech- Resilience in the digital worldWritten for all training primary teachers, as well as more experienced teachers and technology co-ordinators looking for guidance on the latest innovative practice, Teaching and Learning with Technologies in the Primary School, 3rd edition, offers advice and ideas for creative, engaging and successful teaching and learning.
Non-Metallic Technical Textiles: Materials and Technologies (Emerging Materials and Technologies)
by Mukesh Kumar Sinha Ritu PandeyThis book describes various aspects of technical textiles and materials, emerging technologies, plant by-products, ultrafine fibers, functional fibers, and fabrics, covering the entire spectrum of technical textiles. It covers the fundamental aspects of emerging technology, materials, and processes. It also discusses various futuristic potential nanofibrous material spun via needleless technology and their inherent properties utilized for creating functional applications in the field of technical textiles.Features: Covers the fundamentals of technical fibers and their processing technologies. Explores natural fibers from agro-residue for high-value technical textiles. Presents up-to-date summary of technical textiles and associated technology. Highlights research and development studies data translated into product-oriented research and practical applications. Identifies the coloring ability of prevailing and new sources of pigments from bioresources. The book is aimed at researchers, professionals, and graduate students in textile and industrial engineering, materials science, and engineering, including apparel engineering.
Transgenerational Trauma: A Contemporary Introduction (Routledge Introductions to Contemporary Psychoanalysis)
by Jill Salberg Sue GrandIn this book, Jill Salberg and Sue Grand offer an overview of the psychoanalytic work on transgenerational trauma, rooting their perspective in attachment theory, and the social-ethical turn of Relational psychoanalysis.Transgenerational Trauma: A Contemporary Introduction is a cutting-edge study of trauma transmission across generations. Salberg and Grand consider how our forebears' trauma can leave a scar on our lives, our bodies, and on our world. They posit that, too often, we re-cycle the social violence that we were subjected to. Their unique approach embraces diverse psychoanalytic and psychodynamic theories, as they look at attachment, legacies of violence, and the role of witnessing in healing. Clinical and personal stories are interwoven with theory to elucidate the socio-historical positions that we inherit and live out. Social justice concerns are addressed throughout, in a mission to heal both individual and collective wounds.Transgenerational Trauma: A Contemporary Introduction offers a nuanced and comprehensive approach to this vital topic, and will be of interest to psychoanalysts, psychologists and other mental health professionals, as well as students and scholars of trauma studies, race and gender studies, sociology, conflict resolution, and others.
Time and Trauma in Analytical Psychology and Psychotherapy: The Wisdom of Andean Shamanism
by Deborah BryonThis book explores the experience of time in psychoanalysis and Andean shamanism. It plots ways to work through unresolved trauma by expanding how we conceptualize both implicit and nonverbal atemporal experience, drawing from the rituals, narratives, and medicine of Andean shamans and quantum theory.Shifting between subjective states in time is fundamental in trauma work and psychoanalysis. Integrating traumatic experiences that have become split off and held in “timeless” unconscious states of implicit memory is an essential aspect of psychic healing. Becoming familiar with the Andean shamans’ understanding of atemporal experience, as well as learning about their ways of “grounding” the experience consciously, can offer a route through which psychoanalysis and therapy may deepen the therapeutic process and open new states of consciousness. Theories developed in quantum physics are included to parallel the shamans’ experience and for describing the analytic process.Written by a noted expert in this field, this insightful volume will interest trainee and practitioner analytical psychologists, as well as any professional interested in the resolution of trauma within a psychotherapeutic setting.
Anthropology of Ascendant China: Histories, Attainments, and Tribulations (Anthropology of Now)
by Mayfair YangThis volume represents the latest research in cultural anthropology on an ascendant and globalizing China, covering the many different dimensions of China’s ascendancy both within China itself and beyond.It focuses not only on the real and perceived successes of China in the past four decades, but also on the difficulties, tensions, and dangers that have emerged as a result of rapid economic development: class polarization, state expansion, psychological distress, and environmental degradation. Including contributions by some of the most well-known cultural anthropologists of China, as well as rising innovative younger scholars, this book documents and analyzes China’s multifaceted transformations in the modern era—both within Chinese society and in Chinese relations with the outside world. It features the unique perspective of anthropology, with its on-the-ground deep cultural immersion through long-term fieldwork, coupled with a macrolevel global perspective, a strong historical perspective, and theoretically engaged analyses to present a balanced account of China’s ascendancy.Anthropology of Ascendant China: Histories, Attainments, and Tribulations is suitable for students and scholars in Anthropology, Sociology, History, Political Science, and East Asian Studies, as well as those working on contemporary Chinese society and culture more broadly.
American Farming Culture and the History of Technology (Routledge Studies in Food, Society and the Environment)
by Joshua T. BrinkmanPresenting a history of agriculture in the American Corn Belt, this book argues that modernization occurred not only for economic reasons but also because of how farmers use technology as a part of their identity and culture.Histories of agriculture often fail to give agency to farmers in bringing about change and ignore how people embed technology with social meaning. This book, however, shows how farmers use technology to express their identities in unspoken ways and provides a framework for bridging the current rural-urban divide by presenting a fresh perspective on rural cultural practices. Focusing on German and Jeffersonian farmers in the 18th century and Corn Belt producers in the 1920s, the Cold War, and the recent period of globalization, this book traces how farmers formed their own versions of rural modernity. Rural people use technology to contest urban modernity and debunk yokel stereotypes and women specifically employed technology to resist urban gender conceptions. This book shows how this performance of rural identity through technological use impacts a variety of current policy issues and business interests surrounding contemporary agriculture from the controversy over genetically modified organisms and hog confinement facilities to the growth of wind energy and precision technologies. Inspired by the author's own experience on his family’s farm, this book provides a novel and important approach to understanding how farmers’ culture has changed over time, and why machinery is such a potent part of their identity.This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of agricultural history, technology and policy, rural studies, the history of science and technology, and the history of farming culture in the USA.
Reimagining Community Festivals and Events: Critical and Interdisciplinary Perspectives (ISSN)
by Allan Stewart Jepson Raphaela Stadler Trudie WaltersThis book celebrates and builds on Alan Clarke (1956–2021) and Allan Jepson’s 2015 book Exploring Community Festivals and Events. It showcases how far the study of community festivals and events has come in the intervening years, and in so doing it is a response to recent calls for researchers to take a more critical approach to event studies.This is an interdisciplinary book that draws together empirical research across a wide range of community event types, sizes and within diverse communities. Chapters in this book are grouped into four themes that highlight the breadth and depth of work being done: reviving and maintaining tradition(s); a focus on belonging; challenges and tensions; and innovations in teaching and research. Another of its core strengths is its international perspective – the book encompasses research from around the world including Turkey, Portugal, Greece, India, the UK, the US, Austria and New Zealand. There is also a diverse range of theoretical lenses applied to the study of community events, and some innovative methodologies used to achieve research aims and objectives.This volume will appeal to students and researchers in the fields of critical event studies, cultural studies, place-making, tourism, music, sociology and geography. Several chapters also provide insights and key learnings for those lecturing and working in event management and industry professionals.
Self-Concept in Foreign Language Learning: A Longitudinal Study of Japanese Language Learners (Routledge Studies in Applied Linguistics)
by Reiko YoshidaThis book explores self-concept in foreign language (FL) learning, tracing the trajectories of a group of Japanese language learners at an Australian university to illuminate new insights about the factors impacting positive self-concept and implications for language learning more broadly.The volume calls attention to the ways in which learners’ perception of themselves as FL learners plays a fundamental role in FL learning. Drawing on data from a longitudinal study, including student diaries, interviews and classroom observations, Yoshida outlines shifts in self-concept as learners progress from secondary school to university courses to study abroad and beyond. The book demonstrates how the learner journey is marked by a growing recognition of the importance of practice for achievement but also a greater sense of self-consciousness, with learners’ agency in creating opportunities for themselves to practice their FL as a key factor in improving self-concept over time. This work offers unique observations about self-concept for learners who already ‘have’ global English as a first language, inspiring ways forward for future research and language teaching in other under-studied languages. The book will appeal to students and researchers in applied linguistics, SLA and foreign language learning, as well as stakeholders in Japanese language programs.
Death at the Hunting Lodge: A brand new totally addictive murder mystery (Amelia Adams)
by Laura StewartA Scottish village is turned upside-down by a Gaelic pagan festival, an archaeological dig, and a murder, in this absorbing new cozy mystery. Amelia Adams, proprietor of Stone Manor, is hosting four archaeologists at her luxurious hotel as they excavate a ruined abbey. Meanwhile, the village is preparing for a festival that heralds the start of summer—an event that&’s brought Moira, a tarot reader and practicing white witch, back to her hometown. But relics aren&’t the only things being unearthed—as the locals air resentments about the dig, an old mystery is resurrected and a dead body turns up. Has a peace-loving Wiccan become a predator, or is something deeper going on?
International Investment Law and Arbitration from a Latin American Perspective (International Law and the Global South)
by Nitish Monebhurrun Carolina Olarte-Bácares Marco A. Velasquez-RuizThe book brings to light how Latin American states have traditionally stood before the field of International Investment Law and Arbitration. It delves into their posture of resistance to critically examine how their perspective has gradually changed and how they have adapted and molded their investment agreements so as not to leave their position as players in the field of International Investment Law. Many Latin American states have appeared as defendants before international investment tribunals and some of these, like Venezuela, Bolivia or Ecuador, have denounced their international investment agreements. Deeming the law field as imbalanced, they have looked for alternatives to continue providing legal protection to foreign investors while protecting their right to regulate in the name of public interest. Some interesting investment agreements models, sometimes of a different ilk, have consequently flourished and have arrested the attention of those studying or working with international investment law.The main objective of this book is to critically discuss how Latin American states have accepted, resisted, or adapted themselves to international investment law and arbitration. Accordingly, the general connection between these states and international investment law are explained in an introduction which examines the general trends as per which Latin American states have offered a legal protection to foreign investments. The first part enters the merits of where international investment law and arbitration stand in some Latin American states whereby the experience of Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Venezuela, and Uruguay are discussed. The following parts explain the trends in international investment law and arbitration in Latin America. These trends are namely related to dispute settlement and governance, to the connection between investment law and human rights and finally to regionalization. In these parts, the experience of states like Brazil,Colombia, Peru, and Mexico are perused.