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Mensch-Computer-Interaktion
by Andreas M. HeineckeJeder hat schon die Erfahrung gemacht, dass Webseiten nicht lesbar sind oder Programme unverständliche Meldungen hervorbringen. Kurz: Die Software ist nicht gebrauchstauglich. Ausgehend von der menschlichen Informationsverarbeitung legt der Autor dar, wie Schnittstellen beschaffen sein müssen und wie bei der Entwicklung vorgegangen werden muss, damit die Software gebrauchstauglich wird. Dabei werden neueste Normen und Vorschriften berücksichtigt. Die begleitende Website bietet weitere Beispiele und Übungsaufgaben, Lösungen und weiterführende Links.
Übungen zu Public Health und Gesundheitsökonomie
by J.-Matthias Graf von der Schulenburg Jan Zeidler Anne PrenzlerDer Band enthält vielfältige Übungsaufgaben zur Epidemiologie, zur deskriptiven und induktiven Statistik sowie zur Gesundheitsökonomie. Dabei sind alle Aufgaben von ausführlichen Lösungen begleitet. Das Übungsbuch ist für alle Public-Health-Studiengänge und gesundheitsökonomischen Lehrveranstaltungen geeignet, ob an wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen oder medizinischen Fakultäten von Universitäten und Fachhochschulen.
Rare and Uncommon Gynecological Cancers
by David M. Gershenson John Alan Green Nadeem Siddiqui Nicholas Reed Rachel ConnorThis book is intended as a reference manual that will provide the busy clinician with up-to-date information on the diagnosis and treatment of uncommon and rare gynecological cancers. While standard textbooks briefly cover these tumors, this is intended as a more comprehensive yet easy-to-use guide. After opening chapters on epidemiology, pathology, and diagnostic imaging, the full range of infrequently encountered gynecological cancers (ovarian, uterine, cervical, vaginal, and vulval) is presented and discussed with the aid of high-quality illustrations. In each case, detailed attention is paid to both differential diagnosis and current treatment options. The book has been written by an international panel of experts and is the first to gather all the uncommon and rare gynecological cancers together within one volume.
High Frequency Acoustics in Colloid-Based Meso- and Nanostructures by Spontaneous Brillouin Light Scattering
by Tim StillThe present thesis deals with the exploration of phononic properties of meso- and nanostructured colloid-based composite materials at hypersonic (GHz) frequencies. The emerging field of phononics, the mechanical analogue of photonics, treats the propagation and manipulation of acoustic waves in structured materials. Due to their widely tunable properties (size, density, etc.) and their ability to self-assembly, polymer colloids are ideal systems to realize hypersonic phononics, which are investigated by Brillouin light scattering herein. Therefore, both the mechanical and physical properties of the individual colloidal particles, which manifest in their resonance vibrations (eigenmodes), as well as the acoustic propagation in colloidal structures have been investigated. This thesis already lead to several journal publications and seven presentations at international conferences, and was honored summa cum laude.
Trends in Colloid and Interface Science XXIII
by Seyda BucakThis volume includes 11 contributions to the 23rd Conference of the European Colloid and Interface Society which took in Antalya, Turkey between September 6th and 11th, 2009. The contributions from leading scientists cover a broad spectrum of topics concerning* Self Assembly* Interfacial Phenomena* Colloidal Dispersions and Colloidal Stability* Polymer Solution, Gels and Phase Behaviour* Nanostructured Materials* Biomaterials and Medical AspectsDue to the increasing significance of Colloid and Interface Science for both scientific and technical applications where scientific principles also contribute to new technologies in fast improving Nanotechnology and Medical Science, this book will be an essential source of information with respect to recent developments and results related to this field.
Mangrove Dynamics and Management in North Brazil
by Horacio Schneider Ulrich Saint-PaulMangrove ecosystems are being increasingly threatened by human activities. Their biotic productivity supplies food and other resources to the human populations that inhabit or make use of them. This volume highlights the results of a ten-year German / Brazilian research project, called MADAM, in one of the largest continuous mangrove areas of the world, located in northern Brazil. Based on the analysis of the ecosystem dynamics, management strategies for the conservation and sustainable use of mangroves are presented and discussed. Beyond the scientific results, this book also provides guidelines for the development of international cooperation projects.
Methylxanthines
by Bertil B. FredholmIn the present volume of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology well known experts describe the actions of different xanthines with a focus on caffeine and theophylline. A special chapter is devoted to theobromine, an active component of chocolate, the actions of which are less well characterized. This book also presents the pharmacology of one xanthine derivative, propentofylline, as an example of a xanthine that has gone through extensive development for a novel therapeutic area.
Plant Biotechnology for Sustainable Production of Energy and Co-products
by Jürgen Scheffran Jack M. Widholm Peter N. MasciaThe successful use of plant biomass for the sustainable production of energy and co-products such as chemicals is critically important for the future of humanity. Large scale exploitation of biomass is needed to decrease the production of greenhouse gases and help mitigate global warming, to provide energy security in the face of declining petroleum reserves, to improve balance of payment imbalances, and to spur local economic development. This volume discusses such uses of plant biomass as well as ways to improve the productivity and composition of plant species, including trees, perennial and annual grasses, oil-producing plants and algae, that have the potential to produce substrates such as sugar, starch, oil and cell walls, as well as energy and co-product substrates. The problems of invasiveness and gene dispersal are discussed, as are ways to mitigate these. Among the topics covered are models for integrated biorefineries to produce many co-product chemicals, the use of corn stover to power ethanol plants, life cycle analysis of biofuels, and criteria for biomass sustainability and certification. This is indeed an exciting and fast-moving time for advocates of plant biomass-based technology.
The Plant Plasma Membrane
by Burkhard Schulz Wendy Peer Angus S. MurphyIn plant cells, the plasma membrane is a highly elaborated structure that functions as the point of exchange with adjoining cells, cell walls and the external environment. Transactions at the plasma membrane include uptake of water and essential mineral nutrients, gas exchange, movement of metabolites, transport and perception of signaling molecules, and initial responses to external biota. Selective transporters control the rates and direction of small molecule movement across the membrane barrier and manipulate the turgor that maintains plant form and drives plant cell expansion. The plasma membrane provides an environment in which molecular and macromolecular interactions are enhanced by the clustering of proteins in oligimeric complexes for more efficient retention of biosynthetic intermediates, and by the anchoring of protein complexes to promote regulatory interactions. The coupling of signal perception at the membrane surface with intracellular second messengers also involves transduction across the plasma membrane. Finally, the generation and ordering of the external cell walls involves processes mediated at the plant cell surface by the plasma membrane. This volume is divided into three sections. The first section describes the basic mechanisms that regulate all plasma membrane functions. The second describes plasma membrane transport activity. The final section of the book describes signaling interactions at the plasma membrane. These topics are given a unique treatment in this volume, as the discussions are restricted to the plasma membrane itself as much as possible. A more complete knowledge of the plasma membrane's structure and function is essential to current efforts to increase the sustainability of agricultural production of food, fiber, and fuel crops.
Atlas of Skin Cancers: Practical Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment
by Ali Hendi Juan Carlos MartinezThe incidence of skin cancer has risen rapidly in recent decades, and patients often present initially to practitioners in many different specialties. Because skin cancer can vary in clinical appearance, even dermatologists may experience difficulty in reaching a clinical diagnosis. For primary care physicians and physician extenders (physician assistants, nurses, and nurse practitioners), who have had very little or no formal training in dermatology, the task can be still more daunting. In this atlas, the authors set out to provide a practical resource that will help improve the 'visual vocabulary' of physicians and physician extenders, helping them identify lesions that should be biopsied. Hundreds of high-quality color images are included to assist the reader in the task of recognition and identification. All of the common cutaneous malignancies are illustrated, with a number of examples of each entity and of common mimickers. In addition, biopsy techniques and treatment options are presented in step-by step detail with the use of high resolution clinical images, and potential complications of treatment are discussed. This atlas is ideal for all providers who wish to sharpen their clinical acumen and gain confidence in identifying skin cancers.
Collaborative Promotions: Optimizing Retail Supply Chains with Upstream Information Sharing (Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems #643)
by Daniela WiehenbraukPromotions are at the same time beloved and feared by both food retailers and branded goods manufacturers in today's retail environment. Beloved because they attract smart customers and generate an immediate effect on a brand's sale. Feared because there is uncertainty about the competitors' behavior and the actual customer demand leading to high forecast errors. For the retailer, this results in a doom loop of over- or understocking with high inventory costs in the supply chain. Collaboration between retailers and the manufacturer disentangles the doom loop. The thesis reveals the appropriate kind and timing of information and develops a so called Competition Index. Inventory in the supply chain is eliminated and the customer is served better at a lower price. Based on a joint inventory and pricing model and an empirical analysis, it shows that the supply chain efficiency gains from collaborative promotions result in a win for customers, retailers and the manufacturer.
Behavioral Operations in Planning and Scheduling
by Jan C. Fransoo John R. Wilson Toni WaeflerHuman and organizational factors have a substantial impact on the performance of planning and scheduling processes. Despite widespread and advanced decision support systems, human decision makers are still crucial to improve the operational performance in manufacturing industries. In this text, the state of the art in this area is discussed by experts from a wide variety of engineering and social science disciplines. Moreover, recent results from collaborative studies and a number of field cases are presented. The text is targeted at researchers and graduate students, but is also particularly useful for managers, consultants, and system developers to better understand how human performance can be advanced.
FREIGHTVISION - Sustainable European Freight Transport 2050
by Stephan Helmreich Hartmut KellerThis book has been written on the basis of the research done between 2008 and 2010 as part of the European Commission funded FREIGHTVISION project. The "FREIGHTVISION - Freight Transport 2050 Foresight" project was funded by the Directorate General MOVE to design a long term vision for European freight transport in 2050 and to identify actions and research to progress appropriate freight transport measures in Europe. The project was carried out as a foresight process encompassing four conferences in which the project team identified and developed with the aid of more than 100 experts an action plan for securing long term freight transport in Europe. The book provides insights into the freight transport visions and Backcasts identified for 2035 and 2050, issues which need to be addressed and measures which were assessed to be part of future paths to assure an economical, environmental, and social freight transport system.
The Culture Factory
by Walter Santagata Susan Finnel"Where are your factories that produce culture? Where are your painters, your composers, your architects, your writers, your filmmakers?" The book opens with Leonardo da Vinci and Qin Shi Huang asking embarrassed contemporary policy makers these questions. The first part of the book is therefore devoted to elaborating a model for producing culture. The model takes into account both the role played by creativity in the production of culture in a technologically advanced knowledge society. The second part of the book examines a selection of strategic sectors: fashion, material culture districts, gastronomy, creative industries, entertainment, contemporary art, museums. Special attention is paid to the role collective intellectual property rights play in increasing the quality of culture-based goods and services. In the conclusion policy makers in both developed and developing countries are urged to adopt policies that can foster creativity and promote culture.
Geothermal Energy
by Kurt Bucher Ingrid StoberThe internal heat of the planet Earth represents an inexhaustible reservoir of thermal energy. This form of energy, known as geothermal energy has been utilized throughout human history in the form of hot water from hot springs. Modern utilization of geothermal energy includes direct use of the heat and its conversion to other forms of energy, mainly electricity. Geothermal energy is a form of renewable energy and its use is associated with very little or no CO2-emissions and its importance as an energy source has greatly increased as the effects of climate change become more prominent. Because of its inexhaustibility it is obvious that utilization of geothermal energy will become a cornerstone of future energy supplies. The exploration of geothermal resources has become an important topic of study as geology and earth science students prepare to meet the demands of a rapidly growing industry, which involves an increasing number professionals and public institutions participating in geothermal energy related projects. This book meets the demands of both groups of readers, students and professionals. Geothermal Energy and its utilization is systematically presented and contains the necessary technical information needed for developing and understanding geothermal energy projects. It presents basic knowledge on the Earth's thermal regime and its geothermal energy resources, the types of geothermal energy used as well as its future potential and the perspectives of the industry. Specific chapters of the book deal with borehole heat exchangers and with the direct use of groundwater and thermal water in hydrogeothermal systems. A central topic are Enhanced Geothermal Systems (hot-dry-rock systems), a key technology for energy supply in the near future. Pre-drilling site investigations, drilling technology, well logging and hydraulic test programs are important subjects related to the exploration phase of developing Geothermal Energy sites. The chemical composition of the natural waters used as a heat transport medium in geothermal systems can be used as an exploration tool, but chemistry is also important during operation of a geothermal power plant because of potential scale formation and corrosion of pipes and installations, which needs to be prevented. Graduate students and professionals will find in depth information on Geothermal Energy, its exploration and utilization.
Cell Entry by Non-Enveloped Viruses (Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology #343)
by John E. JohnsonThe means by which non-enveloped viruses penetrate cellular membranes during cell entry remain poorly defined. Recent findings indicate several members of this group share a common mechanism of membrane penetration in which the virus particle undergoes programmed conformational changes, leading to capsid disassembly and release of small membrane-interacting peptides. A complete understanding of host cell entry by this minimal system will help elucidate the mechanisms of non-enveloped virus membrane penetration in general
Diverse Effects of Hypoxia on Tumor Progression
by M. Celeste SimonHypoxia, defined as reduced oxygen tension, is a common physiological phenomenon in both normal embryonic development and malignancy progression. Although severe hypoxia is generally toxic for both normal tissue and tumors, neoplastic cells gradually adapt to prolonged hypoxia though additional genetic and genomic changes with a net result that hypoxia promotes tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. Hypoxia promotes cancer progression by regulating various aspects of cancer biology, including radiotherapy resistance, metabolism, angiogenesis and invasion/migration
Abdominal Imaging (Learning Imaging Ser.)
by Pablo R. Ros Bernd HammIn this book a team of leading experts come together to provide a comprehensive overview of modern imaging of the abdomen and pelvis, with detailed sections on both gastrointestinal and genitourinary imaging. Each chapter has an identical structure and focuses on a particular organ or organ system, allowing the reader to approach the field one topic at a time. Indications for a variety of imaging techniques and examination protocols are clearly described, and the imaging features of normal anatomy and pathologic entities are depicted in an abundance of high-quality images. Care is taken to consider all recent technical developments and new indications, and the diagnostic performance of different imaging modalities is carefully compared. It is anticipated that this book will come to be regarded as the standard work of reference on abdominal and pelvic radiology.
Prozessexzellenz im HR-Management
by Ulrich SchönenbergProzessmängel sind ein wesentliches Hindernis bei der Umsetzung des Business Partner Konzepts. Das Maturity Model, ein Prozessmodell für den Personalbereich, unterstützt die Professionalisierung von Personalprozessen. In dem Band werden Modell und Prozessmanagement-Module detailliert und anwendungsorientiert beschrieben. Eine Anleitung für die Auslagerung von Personalaufgaben sowie ein Planungsbeispiel für ein Prozessprojekt auf der Basis des Maturity Models bieten weitere Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe für mehr Qualität in Personalprozessen.
Handbook for Heat Exchangers and Tube Banks design
by Donatello AnnaratoneWhen a heating fluid transfers heat to a heated fluid through a wall, if the fluids are in parallel flow or counter flow it is possible to compute exactly both the transferred heat and the temperatures of the fluids via well-known equations. This holds true both for design and verification computation. However, the motion of the fluids is never in parallel flow or counter flow in heat exchangers and in tube banks. Instead, it is rather complex and consists of a combination of various cross flows. Hence, a precise design of the above components requires, on a case-by-case basis, the availability of the value of certain crucial factors or of corrective factors so as to make it possible to use the equations relative to parallel flow or counter flow. This handbook contains the introduction to the problem, its design criteria, and about 70 tables for the exact design and verification computation. It also indicates how to proceed in the case of cross flow.
Gastrointestinal Oncology
by Claus Rödel Charles D. Blanke Mark S. TalamontiGastrointestinal Oncology is an evidence-based, practical reference intended to assist in the diagnosis and management of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies. It is designed to be as user friendly as possible and is distinguished by the extremely practical, concrete nature of the information presented and by the multidisciplinary approach adopted. In addition to disease-oriented chapters spanning sites from the esophagus to the anus, non-anatomic subjects such as modern imaging techniques are also addressed. Translational science is supplied where useful in the decision-making process. All of the authors are internationally recognized experts. This book is an ideal resource for oncologists, surgeons, gastroenterologists, and primary-care providers looking for the latest and best information on how to deal with a wide variety of gastrointestinal neoplasms.
An Introduction to Quantum Spin Systems (Lecture Notes in Physics #816)
by Damian J. Farnell John B. ParkinsonThe topic of lattice quantum spin systems is a fascinating and by now well-established branch of theoretical physics. However, many important questions remain to be answered. Their intrinsically quantum mechanical nature and the large (usually effectively infinite) number of spins in macroscopic materials often leads to unexpected or counter-intuitive results and insights. Spin systems are not only the basic models for a whole host of magnetic materials but they are also important as prototypical models of quantum systems. Low dimensional systems (as treated in this primer), in 2D and especially 1D, have been particularly fruitful because their simplicity has enabled exact solutions to be determined in many cases. These exact solutions contain many highly nontrivial features. This book was inspired by a set of lectures on quantum spin systems and it is set at a level of practical detail that is missing in other textbooks in the area. It will guide the reader through the foundations of the field. In particular, the solutions of the Heisenberg and XY models at zero temperature using the Bethe Ansatz and the Jordan-Wigner transformation are covered in some detail. The use of approximate methods, both theoretical and numerical, to tackle more advanced topics is considered. The final chapter describes some very recent applications of approximate methods in order to show some of the directions in which the study of these systems is currently developing.
Handbook of Particle Detection and Imaging
by Claus Grupen Irène BuvatThe handbook centers on detection techniques in the field of particle physics, medical imaging and related subjects. It is structured into three parts. The first one is dealing with basic ideas of particle detectors, followed by applications of these devices in high energy physics and other fields. In the last part the large field of medical imaging using similar detection techniques is described. The different chapters of the book are written by world experts in their field. Clear instructions on the detection techniques and principles in terms of relevant operation parameters for scientists and graduate students are given.Detailed tables and diagrams will make this a very useful handbook for the application of these techniques in many different fields like physics, medicine, biology and other areas of natural science.
Astromineralogy (Lecture Notes in Physics #815)
by Thomas HenningAstromineralogy deals with the science of gathering mineralogical information from the astronomical spectroscopy of asteroids, comets and dust in the circumstellar environments in general. This field has received a tremendous boost with the reliable identification of minerals by the Infrared Space Observatory. The first edition of this book, published in 2003, was the first comprehensive and coherent account of this exciting field. Data obtained in the meantime with the Spitzer Infrared Space Telescope, the stardust mission to the comet 81P / Wild 2, and with the Cassini mission, together with progress in ground-based observations and laboratory astrophysics form the basis for this updated and widely extended second edition.Beyond addressing the specialist in the field, the book is intended as a high-level but readable introduction to astromineralogy for both the nonspecialist researcher and the advanced student.
Forests to Climate Change Mitigation
by Man Yong Shin Masao Koike Md. Danesh MiahToday, the effect of global climate change is clear to all. It is clearly dangerous in developing countries such as Bangladesh. The industrial revolution caused major changes in technology, socio-economy and cultures in the late 18th and early 19th century, beginning in Britain and spreading throughout the world. The technology dominated economy was mostly dependent on energy produced from fossil fuel, which still holds true today. It is well known that fossil fuel burning has increased the GHGs to the atmosphere, thus creating global warming. Among the GHGs, the concentration of CO2 has been confirmed as the largest. Terrestrial ecosystems are clearly influencing the concentration of GHGs in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases are constantly entering and leaving the atmosphere. Actively growing trees and other plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere, combine it with water through photosynthesis and create sugars and more stable carbohydrates. Through this process, trees capture and store atmospheric CO2 in vegetation, soils and biomass products. The Kyoto Protocol, in 1997, explored a flexible mechanism, CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) where Annex I and non-Annex I parties interact for climate change mitigation. Forestry activities have been considered important in the arena of climate change as they act both as a sink and sources of carbon. The purpose of this book is to highlight the means of efficiently reducing global warming through forestry options in Bangladesh and the positive implications of CDM.