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Identity Formation, Youth, and Development: A Simplified Approach
by James E. Côté Charles G. Levine Kyle EichasA landmark volume in the scientific study of identity formation and youth development, this fully revised second edition synthesizes sociological and psychological approaches to the study of identity. It illuminates the challenges and opportunities that contemporary young people face as they attempt to form identities in societies undergoing transition.The book introduces simplified identity formation theory, which helps newcomers connect the dots across a broad and promising area of study. Part I places the “identity question” in historical and cultural context, providing a multidimensional framework for studying the developmental dynamics of identity formation. Part II examines the development of perspective taking and moral reasoning, exploring their relationship to ethics and agency in identity formation. Part III investigates scientific evidence concerning identity formation in various societal contexts, implications for understanding youth mental health problems, and the most promising treatments, programs, and practices for addressing the identity issues young people face today.This book is an essential text for advanced undergraduate and graduate students studying self and identity development within developmental psychology, social psychology, clinical psychology, and sociology. Educators and practitioners in child welfare, mental health services, social work, youth and community work, and counseling will also benefit from its introductory and jargon-free nature.
Identity and Ageing: 'Learning to Be' as an Older Adult
by Mark Cameron TennantExamining the fundamental social and cultural changes faced by older adults, this book explores ageing and the psychological issues encountered in ‘learning to be’ as an older person.Many of these issues are present throughout the lifespan but take on a new complexion with advancing age, such as the significance of past, present, and future in our lives; how we relate to others in our world; the impact of our gendered lives; the tension between autonomy and dependence, consumption and production, cognition and emotion; and the psychological impact of biological ageing. Adopting a lifespan developmental approach, this text draws together the psychology of late adulthood, contemporary views about identity, and how we learn and develop in late adulthood. Acknowledging the historical, social, cultural, biological, and technological factors that impact the psychological experience of identity as we age, this book will be of interest to psychology and social work students studying lifespan development. It will also appeal more broadly to a range of professions that provide services for older adults.
Ideologies of English in Taiwan’s Language Schools: Storying Identity, Power, Privilege and Hope (Routledge Critical Studies in Asian Education)
by Amanda J. FioreThis timely, critical book presents an accessible glimpse into the beliefs and ideologies of English that govern Taiwan’s private language schools.Drawing on the original analysis of over sixty hours of in-depth interviews with 43 teachers and students, as well as the author’s personal experience teaching English in Asia, a combination of thematic analysis and storytelling are used to better understand the meaning of English in Taiwan, and its impact on Taiwanese and foreign teachers. Importantly, her findings extend current critical scholarship in the interdisciplinary fields of language and identity, critical race theory, and critical linguistics, to the specific context of Taiwan’s private language schools, shining a light on hierarchies of race, nationality, and linguistic identity in these unique cross-cultural spaces. When viewed against the backdrop of Taiwan’s “Bilingual by 2030” policy, and China’s relations with Taiwan, these powerful beliefs about English and the West take on new meaning.The author’s book offers much needed insight into the belief systems and ideologies of English that create power and privilege in Taiwan’s schools, thereby serving as a guide for academics, policymakers, teachers, students, and English school owners alike.
Images, Reality, and Digital Culture: Towards a Post-Pictorial Condition (Routledge Advances in Art and Visual Studies)
by Krešimir PurgarFocusing on the moment of transition from the pictorial to the post-pictorial condition, this book advocates the opinion that what fundamentally distinguishes pictorial representation in Western civilization is one’s ability to distinguish what the picture shows from what the picture refers to, and to that extent the reality inside the picture cannot be confused with what is outside it.The contributions in this book serve as kind of a “missing link”, connecting the genealogy of traditional images with contemporary environmental visualizations in the world that in this very moment undergoes a transition into a new, exciting age in which many old knowledges are rapidly becoming obsolete, and new ones are seeking their legitimacy. Instead of leading the reader to reconciliation with the fatal diagnosis of the world under the rule of technological determinism, this book indicates the key points of transition between the pictorial representation that traditionally “belonged” to the history of art and the virtual presence that is approached in quite different ways today.This book will be of interest to scholars working in art history, image philosophy, image studies, and digital studies.
Imagining Animals: Art, Psychotherapy and Primitive States of Mind (Routledge Mental Health Classic Editions)
by Caroline CaseThis classic edition of Imagining Animals explores how the making of animal images in art therapy and child psychotherapy can act as a powerful catalyst for children who may be struggling with communication. Readers will benefit from learning about the different ways that animal symbolism can support autistic children and children navigating trauma, abuse and depression in engaging with the therapeutic process.This essential book explores two contrasting primitive states of mind throughout: the investing of the world around us with life through animism and participation mystique, and the lifeless world in the states of mind encountered in children who are hard to reach. Featuring a new introduction by the author, subjects covered in subsequent chapters include, but are not limited to: Animal/human relationships Animal symbolism Animals on stage in therapy and anthropomorphic animal objects Three-dimensional clay-work The location of the self in animals Imagining Animals offers a unique insight into the role and representation of animal imagery in art therapy and child psychotherapy. This is an essential read for all arts and play therapists working with children as well as adult psychotherapists interested in the use of imagery.
Imagining Ecocatastrophe: Reading Literary and Cultural Texts in the Global Context
by Scott Slovic Joyjit Ghosh Samit Kumar MaitiThis volume examines scholarly perspectives on eco-imaginaries, focusing in particular on how eco-catastrophes have been represented in literature and different visual forms, including film, television and cartoons, among other cultural media. It draws on literary genres such as science fiction, climate fiction, speculative fiction, petrofiction, post-apocalyptic narratives and nuclear fiction to examine the role that literature plays in the dissemination of information about environmental crisis in the Anthropocene and in preparing mankind for a better and sustainable future. Deeply embedded in theoretical conceptualisations, the essays in this volume address issues of natural disasters, deforestation, nuclear disasters and pandemics, among others, which constitute the core subjects of environmental humanities. A seminal study on the literary and cultural representations of ecodisaster in the global context, and with contributions from across the world, this book, truly interdisciplinary in nature, will be an invaluable read for students, academicians and researchers in literature, film studies, climate change studies, disaster studies, gender studies and cultural studies.
Immersive Learning Research Network: 11th International Conference, iLRN 2025, Chicago, IL, USA, June 15–19, 2025, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #2598)
by Dennis Beck Jonathon Richter Anasol Peña-Rios Matthew Schmidt Anastasios Mikropoulos Genevieve Smith-Nunes Jule M. Krüger Daniela Pedrosa George Koutromanos Stylianos MystakidisThis book constitutes the revised selected papers of the 11th International Conference on Immersive Learning, iLRN 2025, held in Chicago, IL, USA, during June 15–19, 2025. The 23 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 57 submissions. They were categorized under the topical sections as follows: Foundations in Immersive Learning Research and Theory; Assessment and Evaluation (A&E); Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, Access, and Social Justice (IDEAS); STEM Education (STEM); Medical & Healthcare Education (MHE); Workforce Development & Industry Training (WDIT); Self and Co-regulated Learning with Immersive Learning Environments (SCILE); Special Track 1: Immersive learning across Latin America: State of Research, Use Cases and Projects; Special Track 2: Navigating Grand Challenges: Immersive Learning & Global Solutions (iLRNGrandChallenges); and Special Track 3: Sustainable Development and Immerse Learning in the Climate Emergency.
Immigrant Englishes Around the World
by Erik R. ThomasImmigrant Englishes Around the World is a collection that explores the varieties of English that emerge when speakers whose native languages are not English immigrate to an English-speaking country. The book examines the commonalities and diversity of immigrant varieties of English that may be seen from a comparison of groups with different heritage languages in different English-speaking nations around the world.Written by established researchers who all have conducted work with communities of immigrants or their descendants, the chapters explore immigrant Englishes across Great Britain, Australia, South Africa, and North America. Covering the theoretical grounding that unifies immigrant Englishes across the globe and using a model that is designed specifically for immigrant groups, the book focusses on how the communities as a whole develop their own distinctive ways of speaking English.This comprehensive comparison of immigrant dialects across the English-speaking world is essential reading for advanced students and researchers of sociolinguistics, language and migration, and language variation.
Immigrant Entrepreneurship: Opportunities, Ventures and Outcomes in a Global Market (Topics in Entrepreneurship)
by Tamaralaiyefa TiemoAnalysing immigration around the world, Immigrant Entrepreneurship: Opportunities, Ventures and Outcomes in a Global Market illuminates how immigrant entrepreneurs overcome barriers to mobilise resources across diverse socio-economic environments. Drawing on case studies from Africa, the Americas, Europe, the Middle East and elsewhere, the author explores how contemporary migration patterns, informal economies and digitalisation influence entrepreneurial outcomes. In emphasising entrepreneurial strategies that help adapt to exclusion and regulatory complexity, this book provides a nuanced understanding of the entire field of immigrant entrepreneurship. The global comparative approach taken by this book sheds light on the vital role that immigration plays in driving entrepreneurial growth in economic development around the world. The result is a resource that is enlightening reading for researchers and advanced students of entrepreneurship, international business and development studies.
Impact of Climate Change on Medicinal and Herbal Plant microRNA (Exploring Medicinal Plants)
by Sachidanand Singh Parul Johri Kanchanlata Tungare Surojeet DasClimate change poses unprecedented challenges to plant growth, biodiversity, and productivity, necessitating innovative strategies for sustainability. Impact of Climate Change on Medicinal and Herbal Plant microRNA delves into the intricate relationship between climate‑induced stress and the molecular mechanisms underpinning plant adaptation, with a special focus on microRNAs (miRNAs). This book provides an in‑depth exploration of miRNAs as pivotal regulators in plant biology, offering insights into their biogenesis, functional roles, and applications in stress management and crop improvement.Highlighting the interdisciplinary approach to understanding plant resilience, this book examines critical topics, including the impact of abiotic stressors like heavy metals and elevated CO2 levels, regulatory roles of miRNAs in photosynthesis and productivity, and the integration of bioinformatics and epigenetics in miRNA research. Through comprehensive chapters, readers gain knowledge about miRNA‑mediated bioengineering, genome stability, and the emerging potential of omics technologies to combat the effects of climate change on agriculture.Key Features: A thorough analysis of miRNA biogenesis, regulation, and degradation, along with their myriad functional roles in plant biology Exploration of abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms in medicinal, cereal, legume, tuber, fruit, biofuel, and beverage crops Insights into bioinformatics tools and databases for miRNA analysis and their implications for stress tolerance studies Discussions on miRNA‑mediated bioengineering for climate‑resilient crops and recent advances in omics approaches Designed for researchers, students, and professionals in plant sciences, bioinformatics, and climate studies, this book bridges fundamental and applied research, making it an essential resource for addressing climate variability through molecular innovations.
Impact: A Complete Guide to Creating a User Research Practice at Your Organization
by Nikki AndersonEmbark on a transformative journey into the world of user research with Impact by Nikki Anderson. In the realm of product creation, understanding your users is the cornerstone of building life-changing products. This comprehensive guide is your key to establishing a robust user research practice within your organization, ensuring that decisions are rooted in empathy, understanding, and a deep connection with your audience.Impact goes beyond the surface of having a great idea; it delves into the intricacies of creating competent, passionate, and skillful teams. Nikki Anderson, drawing from her wealth of experience, provides invaluable insights into setting up a research practice that becomes an indispensable resource for your colleagues. This book is not just a guide; it’s a thought partner, offering a step-by-step approach to navigate the complexities of establishing a research practice, making it accessible even for those new to the field.
Imperialism and Appropriation in Rural Roman Syria
by Paul NewsonThis book reassesses our understanding of rural landscapes in the Near East between the first and fourth centuries CE. Previous histories of the Roman Near East have been influenced by an underlying set of assumptions, based mainly on readings of Classical literature, regarding the impact of Rome on this region.To achieve these aims the book explores the nature of rural settlement in the Near East during the period through an in-depth examination of the material evidence. It also assesses current theories of Roman imperialism and acculturation and the extent to which the rural environment of the Near East was affected by such processes. Most work in this area is on the Roman West and this book offers an eastern model using archaeological examples. Recent archaeological data is introduced through a series of thematic chapters that address some of the most important factors that have shaped the rural environment including the ways in which the countryside was used and exploited, the changes triggered by the arrival of Rome and the extent to which the ritual and funerary landscapes of the rural environment were transformed during this period. Taken all together, this volume evaluates the impact of Roman rule on the Greek East as experienced in the realm of the rural.Offering a new framework by which comparisons with other areas of the eastern half of the Roman Empire and the western provinces can be made, this book is for students and researchers interested in the process of imperialism, and the archaeology of the Near East and Roman Empire.
Implementation and Application of Automata: 29th International Conference, CIAA 2025, Palermo, Italy, September 22–25, 2025, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #15981)
by Giuseppa Castiglione Sabrina MantaciThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Implementation and Application of Automata, CIAA 2025, held in Palermo, Italy, during September 22–25, 2025. The 22 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 32 submissions. They focus on all aspects on the field of automata theory and implementation, and theory of automata and related structures.
Implementing Competency-Based Training and Assessment in Aviation
by Norman MacLeodImplementing Competency-Based Training and Assessment in Aviation explains in detail, with examples, how to implement Competency‑Based Training and Assessment in aviation. It describes how to develop competence models, assess workplace competence and understand the role of competence models in recruitment and selection.Taking the framework published by ICAO, this book breaks it down into its component parts and explains how to identify the changes in behaviour needed to enable individuals to act safely and efficiently in hazardous environments. It outlines the framework that underpins training intervention design and investigates tactics of intervention based on current evidence around efficacy. This book acts as a guide to constructing classroom activities that serve as vehicles for addressing the link between declarative and process knowledge under controlled conditions.Airline personnel, pilots and aviation industry professionals involved in performance assessments and training will benefit from this book.
Implementing School-Based Occupational Therapy Services: A Multi-Tired Approach to Sensory Processing Needs
by Aimee PillerThis book focuses on providing occupational therapy sensory interventions through a tiered approach to help improve academic participation, covering assessment of the sensory aspects of the environment and population as well as at the group level.Chapters showcase how occupational therapy practitioners can effectively contribute to each tier of the multi-tiered system of supports (MTSS) framework, with an emphasis on Tiers 1 and 2. The book also provides evidence-based methods to monitor outcomes of provided interventions and discuss how and when to modify the interventions, and highlights innovative strategies to support a broad range of students, especially those who may need additional assistance but do not qualify for specialized services.While there are many reasons students might require support, this book zeroes in on sensory processing challenges and their impact on classroom participation and academic performance. By addressing these needs, occupational therapy practitioners can foster a more inclusive, engaging, and supportive learning environment for every student.
Implementing Single-Session Psychotherapy: When No Appointment Is Necessary
by Monte Bobele Arnold SliveThis book provides the theoretical underpinnings, research, support, and techniques, to implement open-access/single-session therapy.Open-access services have moved beyond walk-in or drop-in services and expanded to on-demand teletherapy, virtual, or same-day scheduling. This book explains how best to implement single-session therapy in all such services, highlighting how this kind of therapy can reduce barriers to care. It includes chapters on training single-session therapists, global applications, and major obstacles. A team of expert contributors provide clinical examples and applications from around the world.This book is essential for clinicians and professionals offering or thinking about offering single-session therapy in open-access services.
Improving Equity through Fiscal Policy: Dashed Dreams (Routledge Public Budgeting and Finance)
by Marc Holzer Marc K. FudgeImproving Equity through Fiscal Policy: Dashed Dreams explores the delivery of key services to the public and to what extent equity is considered when government allocates resources. Authors Marc K. Fudge and Marc Holzer examine the key topics in a typical public budgeting, finance or policy course including taxation, public choice and political economics from an equity-based lens. They then offer a deep dive into the development of US public policies, tackling a complex history of policies written expressly to undermine or suppress the advancement of Blacks and people of color. The result is a timely supplement to public budgeting and finance courses that encourages readers to recognize and reckon with the persistence of deep disparities – and the ways in which contemporary public budgeting cannot be understood without considering equity.The book begins with a discussion of the value of social equity and how it emerged as a critical component of public administration and policy. It then provides coverage of the economic role of government in society, taxation and its distributional effects, voter suppression, as well as inequities in housing, education and health. It further explores the racial wealth gap as well as positive examples of strategies that have helped to support a fairer and more equal allocation of resources. Improving Equity through Fiscal Policy: Dashed Dreams offers instructors, students, policymakers, elected officials, managers and leaders a critical and necessary re-examination of this important topic.
Improvisation Methods and Practices in Southeast Asia: Music, Dance and Theatre (Routledge Contemporary Southeast Asia Series)
by Stephanie Burridge Darren MooreMoore, Burridge, and the contributors explore the multifaceted role of improvisation, from rehearsal to performance and teaching to learning within the Southeast Asian performing arts scene. They feature a vital overview of how contemporary Southeast Asian artists use improvisation in their practice through diverse theoretical perspectives, innovative methods, and idiosyncratic strategies.The book highlights the strength of improvisation as a connective tissue facilitating collaboration and interdisciplinarity across the performing arts. It shows how artists and practitioners navigate the dynamic landscape of Southeast Asian arts, blurring taxonomical boundaries to embrace change and innovation. From interrogative full-length chapters to insightful personal case narratives, each contribution showcases the practical application of improvisation in real-world projects. The chapters affirm improvisation as both a creative process and a performance strategy, unlocking new possibilities in performing arts and providing an inspired snapshot of contemporary Southeast Asian creative practice.With discourse extending beyond conventional disciplinary confines, this book is a valuable read for graduate and postgraduate students, educators, and researchers in diverse fields encompassing dance, music, theatre studies, performance studies, aesthetics, and interdisciplinary arts. It is also a viable resource for professionals in the performing arts industry as it provides invaluable insights into the transformative power of improvisation.
In Pursuit of Epistemic Healing in South African Universities: Black Students’ Encounters with the Structural and Spiritual Violence of Coloniality in Higher Education (Routledge Advances in Feminist Studies and Intersectionality)
by Wanelisa XabaThis book demonstrates the epistemic challenges in the South African education system and asks readers to think critically about the university's role in a decolonial future. Wanelisa Xaba reveals how Western colonial educational models severed indigenous ways of knowing and learning across the Global South and settler colonial contexts.Presenting narratives capturing ongoing histories of violence, this book shows how Black South African students navigate intersecting identities of race, class, gender, and spirituality within university settings. It shows how racial discrimination from fellow students, academics, and staff, coupled with discriminatory language policies, financial exclusion, and violent colonial curricula, affects Black students' wellbeing on university campuses. Xaba argues that these intersecting colonial violences mirror spiritual violence, hinder their holistic citizenship in South African universities, and result in psycho-spiritual disease.By centring Black students' voices, this book provides crucial insights for educators, policymakers, activists, healers, and institutions committed to creating affirming academic spaces and epistemic healing. It is an insightful read for scholars researching decoloniality in higher education, as well as students of feminist studies, decolonial theory, educational justice, and critical university studies.
In Space
by Laura StickneySpace is a huge place filled with many planets, stars, and moons. Beginning readers hone their phonics skills while learning how people explore space and bring knowledge back to Earth. As readers practice decoding words with silent e, soft c, and soft g, readers gain science knowledge. Every Stairway Decodables book combines multiple aspects of the Science of Reading to support small group instruction, independent reading, and reading practice at home.
In the Room of the Circles: The Inquisition and Books of Magic in Early Modern Venice (Routledge Studies in Early Modern Religious Dissents and Radicalism)
by Federico BarbieratoThis book investigates the circulation, regulation, and interpretation of magical texts, focusing on the Clavicula Salomonis (Key of Solomon), one of the most sought-after and feared books of the time. Drawing on inquisitorial records, trial proceedings, and archival sources, Federico Barbierato uncovers how these texts were read, copied, and exchanged, illuminating the blurred boundaries between religious orthodoxy, scientific inquiry, and the occult.The Early Modern period was marked by a deep ambivalence toward books of magic, which were revered as sources of hidden knowledge yet condemned as dangerous and subversive. Nowhere was this tension more evident than in Venice, a city where inquisitorial censorship clashed with a vibrant book culture. At the heart of this volume lies a detailed exploration of the people who interacted with magical writings—monks, exorcists, book dealers, artisans, and even suspected heretics—revealing how these texts served multiple purposes, from spiritual protection to financial speculation. By examining how authorities sought to suppress, reinterpret, and sometimes co-opt magical knowledge, the book provides fresh insights into the dynamics of censorship, literacy, and power. Barbierato moves beyond the history of forbidden books to reconstruct a network of exchanges that shaped Early Modern attitudes toward magic and heterodox knowledge.In the Room of the Circles will appeal to scholars and students of Early Modern history, book history, religious studies, and intellectual history, as well as readers interested in the history of censorship and the relationship between knowledge and power.
Incivility and Workplace Toxicity in P-12 Schools: The Causes, Costs, and Solutions for Educational Leaders
by Kristina N. LaVenia Kara Lasater James W. KoschoreckThis edited volume examines the causes, consequences, and costs of workplace incivility in P-12 education and provides practical strategies for leaders to prevent toxicity in their schools and districts. The resource provides a broad range of thought-provoking and practical contributions that situate incivility within the current sociopolitical landscape of education. It also offers interventions to support civility and reduce harm within P-12 schools and districts. The volume is divided into three parts: considering the role of leaders and preparation programs in fostering civility; vulnerability, marginalization, and incivility; and incivility in context. Each chapter focuses on a central thesis related to incivility in P-12 educational contexts and includes key points and extension activities to guide leadership development and practice. This volume is for faculty and scholars of educational leadership as well as for current and aspiring leaders who are interested in cultivating educational spaces that are welcoming, affirming, healing, and connective.
Inclusion: A Principled Guide for Early Career Teachers (nasen spotlight)
by Des Hewitt Nicola CrossleyThis accessible book guides early career teachers (ECTs) through key areas of inclusion, providing context and understanding, sharing diverse reflections from practice, and introducing the essential principles of inclusive teaching.Chapters explore a range of pertinent topics and perspectives on inclusion, from our values and pedagogy to understanding behaviour and disadvantage in the classroom. Each area is aligned with the Teachers’ Standards to provide clarity on professional responsibilities and to show how inclusive practice weaves through every area of teaching. The book includes: A comprehensive overview of inclusion, with tools that can be utilised immediately Advice on adapting the curriculum and teaching to embrace inclusion Consideration of SEND and neurodiversity over time, with attention paid to reasonable adjustments to ensure all learners can thrive Recognition of the importance of culture and community, with guidance on working effectively with families to best support pupils Illustrative think pieces written by ECTs to bring theory to life and stimulate debate and reflection. With accompanying infographics included to summarise key themes, this valuable book places inclusion at the core of high-quality teaching and ensures all ECTs are supported to be the best they can be in an ever-changing world. It is essential reading for all early career teachers, as well as trainee teachers and teacher training providers.
Inclusive Journeys: Addressing Marginalisation in Schools
by Kyriaki MessiouThere is considerable interest in inclusion and equity in schools internationally; however, widespread confusion accompanies what this means for policy and practice in the field. Recent policy proclaims, "All Means All", yet the focus lies on particular groups of learners who continue to be marginalised, such as children from ethnic minorities or those who have special educational needs.In Inclusive Journeys, renowned researcher Kyriaki Messiou draws on her involvement in a series of international development and research projects over 30 years to propose a new way of thinking about inclusive education. This book explores how “All Means All” can be conceptualised by adopting a broader view of who is marginalised within school contexts. Central to this approach is the creation of new relationships amongst teachers and students, encouraging dialogue to identify barriers experienced by some learners, as well as co-constructing solutions. Extensive use is made of examples to illustrate how this can be put into practice both within schools and across education systems. The challenges involved in taking these "inclusive journeys" are also addressed. The central argument made by Kyriaki is that progress regarding inclusive education requires collaborative forms of research. This involves researchers, practitioners, and students to become co-researchers and ensures that no child is left out of school or marginalised within education systems.The book is relevant to researchers and academics focusing on developing inclusion in schools through collaborative forms of research. It will also be of interest to teachers of students of all ages and to students on initial teacher education courses, undergraduate and postgraduate courses.
Inclusive Practice for Learning Support Assistants: Practical Tips and Reflections from the LSA Perspective
by Zoe HosierInclusive Practice for Learning Support Assistants explores the role of the LSA and, drawing from first-hand interviews, sheds light on a variety of LSA experiences and perspectives, detailing the (often hidden) aspects of their work to support the learning of special educational needs and neurodivergent students. Covering key areas including wellbeing support, challenging behaviour and student independence, chapters: Provide LSAs with practical tips and reflective insights to improve their work supporting children and young people in schools Explore dialogic education and assistive technologies, with muchneeded reflection opportunities Include guidance on working with students one to one as well as in small groups Offer advice on how LSAs and teachers can foster strong working relationships in class This informative and accessible guide will give both new starter and more experienced LSAs a strong and holistic understanding of the role, inclusive practice and where they can really make a difference for their students. It will be valuable reading for LSAs, as well as the teachers and SENCOs who work closely with them.