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Intellectual Property and Free Trade Agreements in the Asia-Pacific Region
by Reto M. Hilty Christoph AntonsThis book is highly topical. The shift from the multilateral WTO negotiations to bilateral and regional Free Trade Agreements has been going on for some time, but it is bound to accelerate after the WTO Doha round of negotiations is now widely regarded as a failure. However, there is a particular regional angle to this topic as well. After concluding that further progress in the Doha round was unlikely, Pacific Rim nations recently have progressed with the negotiations of a greatly expanded Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement that includes industrialised economies and developed countries such as the United States, Japan, Australia and New Zealand, recently emerged economies such as Singapore, but also several developing countries in Asia and Latin America such as Malaysia and Vietnam. US and EU led efforts to conclude FTAs with Asia-Pacific nations are also bound to accelerate again, after a temporary slowdown in the negotiations following the change of government in the United States and the expiry of the US President's fast-track negotiation authority. The book will provide an assessment of these dynamics in the world's fastest growing region. It will look at the IP chapters from a legal perspective, but also put the developments into a socio-economic and political context. Many agreements in fact are concluded because of this context rather than for purely economic reasons or to achieve progress in fields like IP law. The structure of the book follows an outline that groups countries into interest alliances according to their respective IP priorities. This ranges from the driving forces of the EU, US and Japan, via Asia-Pacific resource-rich but IP poor economies such as Australia and New Zealand, recently emerged economies with strong IP systems such as Singapore and Korea to leading developing countries such as China and India and 'second tier industrializing economies' such as Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia.
The Parathyroid Glands
by Alexey V. Pavlov Arian P. Kalinin Irina V. Kotova Sergey N. Pamputis Yury K. Alexandrov Yury N. PatrunovThis book is based on the authors' extensive practical experience in the use of modern radiological methods to diagnose parathyroid diseases and the application of advanced surgical techniques. Detailed attention is devoted to the embryological background to emphasize the significance of diagnostic and surgical peculiarities. Pre- and intraoperative imaging is discussed in depth, with a special focus on localizing techniques. Ultrasound-guided minimally invasive techniques, including percutaneous laser ablation, are fully considered. This up-to-date and richly illustrated book will interest and assist specialists in ultrasound diagnostics, radiologists, endocrinologists, and surgeons.
Mechanical and Chemical Signaling in Angiogenesis
by Cynthia A. Reinhart-KingThis volume describes and discusses recent advances in angiogenesis research. The chapters are organized to address all biological length scales of angiogenesis: molecular, cellular and tissue in both in vivo and in vitro settings. Specific emphasis is given to novel methodologies and biomaterials that have been developed and applied to angiogenesis research. Angiogenesis experts from diverse fields including engineering, cell and developmental biology, chemistry and physics will be invited to contribute chapters which focus on the mechanical and chemical signals which affect and promote angiogenesis.
The Use of Smart Mobile Equipment for the Innovation in Organizational Coordination
by Namjae ChoRecent increases in uncertainty and speed of market change are driving the adoption of new intelligent mobile office systems. Organizational information systems paradigm suggests that a right match between organizational characteristics and the use of technology is critical in producing desired results. Following such perspective this study focused on the relationship between task characteristics and the use of mobile office systems with an intention to find out factors that affect the adoption of modern mobile office systems. The research results show that in performing tasks with high mobility users tend to use extensive mobile office functions. When the task has a high level of interdependency with external business partners, users relied on specialized mobile functions such as FFA, SFA and ERP. Highly volatile environment with many unexpected task changes caused an extensive use of task specific functions that help to solve problems at hand. Further, analyses of the differences of mobile office use by department showed that sales department used more communication functions than others, while administrative departments rely more on such task specific functions as mobile CRM and KM than others. Additional case study shows how the application of new technology the effectiveness of organizational coordination. Based on the research the concept of convergent coordination is suggested as well as the direction for future research.
From the PS to the LHC - 50 Years of Nobel Memories in High-Energy Physics
by Luis Alvarez-Gaumé Emmanuel Tsesmelis Michelangelo ManganoThis collection of lectures and essays by eminent researchers in the field, many of them nobel laureates, is an outgrow of a special event held at CERN in late 2009, coinciding with the start of LHC operations. Careful transcriptions of the lectures have been worked out, subsequently validated and edited by the lecturers themselves. This unique insight into the history of the field includes also some perspectives on modern developments and will benefit everyone working in the field, as well as historians of science.
Fungal Associations
by Bertold HockThis new edition of Fungal Associations focuses on mycorrhizas, lichens and fungal-bacterial symbioses. It has been completely revised, updated and expanded. Renowned experts present thorough reviews and discuss the most recent findings on molecular interactions between fungi and plants or bacteria that lead to morphological alterations and novel properties in the symbionts. New insights into the beneficial impact of fungal associations on ecosystem health are provided and documented with striking examples.
Electron Density and Chemical Bonding I
by Dietmar StalkeD. Stalke, U. Flierler: More than Just Distances from Electron Density Studies.- A.O. Madsen: Modeling and Analysis of Hydrogen Atoms.- B.B. Iversen/J. Overgaard: Charge Density Methods in Hydrogen Bond Studies.- U. Flierler, D. Stalke: Some Main Group Chemical Perceptions in the Light of Experimental Charge Density Investigations.- D. Leusser: Electronic Structure and Chemical Properties of Lithium Organics Seen Through the Glasses of Charge Density.- L. J. Farrugia, P. Macchi: Bond Orders in Metal-Metal Interactions Through Electron Density Analysis.- W. Scherer, V. Herz, Ch. Hauf: On the Nature of β-Agostic Interactions: A Comparison Between the Molecular Orbital and Charge Density Picture.
An Introduction to Non-Abelian Discrete Symmetries for Particle Physicists (Lecture Notes in Physics #858)
by Morimitsu Tanimoto Hiroshi Ohki Hiroshi Okada Yusuke Shimizu Hajime Ishimori Tatsuo KobayashiThese lecture notes provide a tutorial review of non-Abelian discrete groups and show some applications to issues in physics where discrete symmetries constitute an important principle for model building in particle physics. While Abelian discrete symmetries are often imposed in order to control couplings for particle physics - in particular model building beyond the standard model - non-Abelian discrete symmetries have been applied to understand the three-generation flavor structure in particular. Indeed, non-Abelian discrete symmetries are considered to be the most attractive choice for the flavor sector: model builders have tried to derive experimental values of quark and lepton masses, and mixing angles by assuming non-Abelian discrete flavor symmetries of quarks and leptons, yet, lepton mixing has already been intensively discussed in this context, as well. The possible origins of the non-Abelian discrete symmetry for flavors is another topic of interest, as they can arise from an underlying theory - e.g. the string theory or compactification via orbifolding - thereby providing a possible bridge between the underlying theory and the corresponding low-energy sector of particle physics. This text explicitly introduces and studies the group-theoretical aspects of many concrete groups and shows how to derive conjugacy classes, characters, representations, and tensor products for these groups (with a finite number) when algebraic relations are given, thereby enabling readers to apply this to other groups of interest.
Projektverträge im Anlagenbau und für vergleichbare Investitionsprojekte
by Christoph Schmitt Eberhard KrüglerProjektverträge regeln das Rechtsverhältnis zwischen dem Investor als Auftraggeber und dem Unternehmer als Auftragnehmer. Sie sind bei der Realisierung komplexer Projekte weit verbreitet, vor allem im Anlagenbau, aber auch bei der Beschaffung von Gütern und bei der Softwareentwicklung. In dem Buch werden die wesentlichen Aspekte und Inhalte vor dem Hintergrund der einschlägigen gesetzlichen Regelungen besprochen. Hinweise und Vorschläge zur Vertragsgestaltung berücksichtigen die aktuelle nationale und internationale Unternehmens- und Vertragspraxis.
Z Boson Transverse Momentum Distribution, and ZZ and WZ Production
by Mika VesterinenThis work develops novel data analysis techniques enabling aspects of the Standard Model of particle physics to be tested with unprecedented precision using data from the DZero experiment at the high energy "Tevatron" proton-antiproton collider at Fermilab, Chicago. Vesterinen's measurements of the transverse momentum of Z bosons using the novel variable φ* have exposed deficiencies in the current state-of-the-art theoretical predictions for vector boson production at hadron colliders. These techniques are now being used in the experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and have stimulated considerable interest in the theoretical particle physics community. Furthermore, Vesterinen's measurements of the cross sections for the production of pairs of vector bosons (WZ and ZZ) are to date the most precise ever made.
Shall We Play the Festschrift Game?
by Krister Lindén Diana Santos Wanjiku Ng’ang’aThere are not many people who can be said to have influenced and impressed researchers in so many disparate areas and language-geographic fields as Lauri Carlson, as is evidenced in the present Festschrift. His insight and acute linguistic sensitivity and linguistic rationality have spawned findings and research work in many areas, from non-standard etymology to hardcore formal linguistics, not forgetting computational areas such as parsing, terminological databases, and, last but not least, machine translation. In addition to his renowned and widely acknowledged insights in tense and aspect and its relationship with nominal quantification, and his ground-breaking work in dialog using game-theoretic machinery, Lauri has in the last fifteen years as Professor of Language Theory and Translation Technology contributed immensely to areas such as translation, terminology and general applications of computational linguistics. The three editors of the present volume have successfully performed doctoral studies under Lauri's supervision, and wish with this volume to pay tribute to his supervision and to his influence in matters associated with research and scientific, linguistic and philosophical inquiry, as well as to his humanity and friendship.
Cleft Lip and Palate: Diagnosis and Management
by Samuel BerkowitzCleft Lip and Palate: Diagnosis and Management is an unparalleled review of treatment concepts in all areas of cleft involvement presented by an international team of experienced clinicians. A unique feature of the book is that it largely consists of longitudinal facial and palatal growth studies of dental casts, photographs, panorexes, and cephalographs from birth to adolescence. Throughout the discussion of growth and treatment concepts, the importance of differential diagnosis in treatment planning is underscored. The underlying argument is that all the treatment goals - good speech, facial aesthetics, dental occlusion, and psychological development - may be realized without the need to sacrifice one for another. This updated third edition includes new chapters on further successful physiological treatment protocols, strategies for coping with psychological effects, the excellent clinical work being undertaken in Asia, future multicenter palatal growth studies, and other topics.
Software Cost Estimation, Benchmarking, and Risk Assessment
by Adam TrendowiczSoftware effort estimation is a key element of software project planning and management. Yet, in industrial practice, the important role of effort estimation is often underestimated and/or misunderstood. In this book, Adam Trendowicz presents the CoBRA method (an abbreviation for Cost Estimation, Benchmarking, and Risk Assessment) for estimating the effort required to successfully complete a software development project, which uniquely combines human judgment and measurement data in order to systematically create a custom-specific effort estimation model. CoBRA goes far beyond simply predicting the development effort; it supports project decision-makers in negotiating the project scope, managing project risks, benchmarking productivity, and directing improvement activities. To illustrate the method's practical use, the book reports several real-world cases where CoBRA was applied in various industrial contexts. These cases represent different estimation contexts in terms of software project environment, estimation objectives, and estimation constraints. This book is the result of a successful collaboration between the process management division of Fraunhofer IESE and many software companies in the field of software engineering technology transfer. It mainly addresses software practitioners who deal with planning and managing software development projects as part of their daily work, and is also of interest for students or courses specializing in software engineering or software project management.
On Statistical Pattern Recognition in Independent Component Analysis Mixture Modelling
by Addisson SalazarA natural evolution of statistical signal processing, in connection with the progressive increase in computational power, has been exploiting higher-order information. Thus, high-order spectral analysis and nonlinear adaptive filtering have received the attention of many researchers. One of the most successful techniques for non-linear processing of data with complex non-Gaussian distributions is the independent component analysis mixture modelling (ICAMM). This thesis defines a novel formalism for pattern recognition and classification based on ICAMM, which unifies a certain number of pattern recognition tasks allowing generalization. The versatile and powerful framework developed in this work can deal with data obtained from quite different areas, such as image processing, impact-echo testing, cultural heritage, hypnograms analysis, web-mining and might therefore be employed to solve many different real-world problems.
Robust Manufacturing Control
by Katja WindtThis contributed volume collects research papers, presented at the CIRP Sponsored Conference Robust Manufacturing Control: Innovative and Interdisciplinary Approaches for Global Networks (RoMaC 2012, Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany, June 18th-20th 2012). These research papers present the latest developments and new ideas focusing on robust manufacturing control for global networks. Today, Global Production Networks (i.e. the nexus of interconnected material and information flows through which products and services are manufactured, assembled and distributed) are confronted with and expected to adapt to: sudden and unpredictable large-scale changes of important parameters which are occurring more and more frequently,event propagation in networks with high degree of interconnectivity which leads to unforeseen fluctuations, andnon-equilibrium states which increasingly characterize daily business. These multi-scale changes deeply influence logistic target achievement and call for robust planning and control strategies. Therefore, understanding the cause and effects of multi-scale changes in production networks is of major interest. New methodological approaches from different science disciplines are promising to contribute to a new level comprehension of network processes. Unconventional methods from biology, perturbation ecology or auditory display are gaining increasing importance as they are confronted with similar challenges. Advancements from the classical disciplines such as mathematics, physics and engineering are also becoming of continuing importance.
Advanced Methods of Fatigue Assessment
by Dieter Radaj Michael VormwaldIn five chapters, this volume presents recent developments in fatigue assessment. In the first chapter, a generalized Neuber concept of fictitious notch rounding is presented where the microstructural support factors depend on the notch opening angle besides the loading mode. The second chapter specifies the notch stress factor including the strain energy density and J-integral concept while the SED approach is applied to common fillet welded joints and to thin-sheet lap welded joints in the third chapter. The forth chapter analyses elastic-plastic deformations in the near crack tip zone and discusses driving force parameters. The last chapter discusses thermomechanical fatigue, stress, and strain ranges.
Sex and Gender Differences in Pharmacology
by Vera Regitz-ZagrosekThis is the very first book to deal with sex and gender differences in drug therapy - an increasingly recognized medical need. It starts with an overview on S/G in clinical syndromes and a documentation of the medical and socioeconomic damage caused by gender specific adverse drug effects. Part I covers S/G differences in pharmacokinetics. Researchers will be satisfied by the detailed discussion of the mechanisms of S/G differences in drug effects that represents cutting edge science and includes interaction of drugs with sex hormones, genomic and epigenetic mechanisms. It also covers S/G in drug development, in animal models and clinical development and S/G in drug prescriptions. Part II targets S/G differences in drug effects in cardiovascular, pulmonary, CNS, neuromuscular, neuropsychiatric and metabolic diseases, in cancer, inflammation, and rheumatic diseases, in bacterial and retroviral infections, thrombosis, embolism. New drugs will be discussed.
Interne Unternehmenskommunikation in resilienten Organisationen
by Susanne Knorre Ulrike BuchholzAus der Psychologie entlehnt, erobert der Begriff der Resilienz derzeit die Diskussion um das Führungshandeln in Unternehmen. Resiliente Unternehmen zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass Rückschläge verarbeitet werden können, weil Strukturen und Prozesse flexibel anpassbar sind - ohne die organisatorische Einheit und kulturelle Identität zu gefährden. Verstanden als Teil der allgemeinen Managementlehre, erläutern die Autorinnen die interne Kommunikation in resilienten Organisationen und liefern fundierte Handlungsempfehlungen für deren Umsetzung.
Scientific Workflows
by Jun Qin Thomas FahringerCreating scientific workflow applications is a very challenging task due to the complexity of the distributed computing environments involved, the complex control and data flow requirements of scientific applications, and the lack of high-level languages and tools support. Particularly, sophisticated expertise in distributed computing is commonly required to determine the software entities to perform computations of workflow tasks, the computers on which workflow tasks are to be executed, the actual execution order of workflow tasks, and the data transfer between them. Qin and Fahringer present a novel workflow language called Abstract Workflow Description Language (AWDL) and the corresponding standards-based, knowledge-enabled tool support, which simplifies the development of scientific workflow applications. AWDL is an XML-based language for describing scientific workflow applications at a high level of abstraction. It is designed in a way that allows users to concentrate on specifying such workflow applications without dealing with either the complexity of distributed computing environments or any specific implementation technology. This research monograph is organized into five parts: overview, programming, optimization, synthesis, and conclusion, and is complemented by an appendix and an extensive reference list. The topics covered in this book will be of interest to both computer science researchers (e.g. in distributed programming, grid computing, or large-scale scientific applications) and domain scientists who need to apply workflow technologies in their work, as well as engineers who want to develop distributed and high-throughput workflow applications, languages and tools.
Interference Cancellation Using Space-Time Processing and Precoding Design
by Feng LiInterference Cancellation Using Space-Time Processing and Precoding Design introduces original design methods to achieve interference cancellation, low-complexity decoding and full diversity for a series of multi-user systems. In multi-user environments, co-channel interference will diminish the performance of wireless communications systems. In this book, we investigate how to design robust space-time codes and pre-coders to suppress the co-channel interference when multiple antennas are available. This book offers a valuable reference work for graduate students, academic researchers and engineers who are interested in interference cancellation in wireless communications. Rigorous performance analysis and various simulation illustrations are included for each design method. Dr. Feng Li is a scientific researcher at Cornell University.
Variational, Topological, and Partial Order Methods with Their Applications
by Zhitao ZhangNonlinear functional analysis is an important branch of contemporary mathematics. It's related to topology, ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, groups, dynamical systems, differential geometry, measure theory, and more. In this book, the author presents some new and interesting results on fundamental methods in nonlinear functional analysis, namely variational, topological and partial order methods, which have been used extensively to solve existence of solutions for elliptic equations, wave equations, Schrödinger equations, Hamiltonian systems etc., and are also used to study the existence of multiple solutions and properties of solutions. This book is useful for researchers and graduate students in the field of nonlinear functional analysis.
Rational Points and Arithmetic of Fundamental Groups
by Jakob StixThe section conjecture in anabelian geometry, announced by Grothendieck in 1983, is concerned with a description of the set of rational points of a hyperbolic algebraic curve over a number field in terms of the arithmetic of its fundamental group. While the conjecture is still open today in 2012, its study has revealed interesting arithmetic for curves and opened connections, for example, to the question whether the Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only one against rational points on curves. This monograph begins by laying the foundations for the space of sections of the fundamental group extension of an algebraic variety. Then, arithmetic assumptions on the base field are imposed and the local-to-global approach is studied in detail. The monograph concludes by discussing analogues of the section conjecture created by varying the base field or the type of variety, or by using a characteristic quotient or its birational analogue in lieu of the fundamental group extension.
Reaktorsicherheit für Leistungskernkraftwerke
by Paul LaufsIn dem Band wird die Entwicklung der Reaktorsicherheit in deutschen Leichtwasser-Kernkraftwerken nachgezeichnet. Dabei wird auf die Rolle internationaler Vorbilder ebenso Bezug genommen wie auf nationale und internationale Risikostudien. Anhand des Beispiels Reaktorsicherheit wird deutlich, unter welchen politischen Bedingungen internationale Großforschungsprojekte entwickelt werden: Sicherheitsreserven und -kultur wurden in dem Moment verbessert, als die Frage der Nutzung der Kernenergie in das Zentrum der politischen Auseinandersetzungen rückte.
Reaktorsicherheit für Leistungskernkraftwerke: Die Entwicklung im politischen und technischen Umfeld der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
by Paul LaufsIn dem Band wird die Entwicklung der Reaktorsicherheit in deutschen Leichtwasser-Kernkraftwerken nachgezeichnet. Dabei wird auf die Rolle internationaler Vorbilder ebenso Bezug genommen wie auf nationale und internationale Risikostudien. Anhand des Beispiels Reaktorsicherheit wird deutlich, unter welchen politischen Bedingungen internationale Großforschungsprojekte entwickelt werden: Sicherheitsreserven und -kultur wurden in dem Moment verbessert, als die Frage der Nutzung der Kernenergie in das Zentrum der politischen Auseinandersetzungen rückte.
Handbuch Lithium-Ionen-Batterien
by Reiner KorthauerDie Lithium-Ionen-Batterie wird zuk#65533;nftig zwei Anwendungen dominieren: als Speicher in Hybrid- und Elektrofahrzeugen und als Zwischenspeicher elektrischer Energie im Dienste der Dezentralisierung der Energieerzeugung. In dem Fachbuch stellen die Autoren das Speichersystem in all seinen Facetten vor: von den einzelnen Komponenten, den Dichtungen und Sensoren #65533;ber thermisches Management, Batterie-Management-System und Fertigungsverfahren bis zu den wichtigsten Anwendungsbereichen. Der Band enth#65533;lt ein umfangreiches Glossar der Fachbegriffe.