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Laws of the Land: Fengshui and the State in Qing Dynasty China
by Tristan G. BrownA groundbreaking history of fengshui&’s roles in public life and law during China&’s last imperial dynastyToday the term fengshui, which literally means &“wind and water,&” is recognized around the world. Yet few know exactly what it means, let alone its fascinating history. In Laws of the Land, Tristan Brown tells the story of the important roles—especially legal ones—played by fengshui in Chinese society during China&’s last imperial dynasty, the Manchu Qing (1644–1912).Employing archives from Mainland China and Taiwan that have only recently become available, this is the first book to document fengshui&’s invocations in Chinese law during the Qing dynasty. Facing a growing population, dwindling natural resources, and an overburdened rural government, judicial administrators across China grappled with disputes and petitions about fengshui in their efforts to sustain forestry, farming, mining, and city planning. Laws of the Land offers a radically new interpretation of these legal arrangements: they worked. An intelligent, considered, and sustained engagement with fengshui on the ground helped the imperial state keep the peace and maintain its legitimacy, especially during the increasingly turbulent decades of the nineteenth century. As the century came to an end, contentious debates over industrialization swept across the bureaucracy, with fengshui invoked by officials and scholars opposed to the establishment of railways, telegraphs, and foreign-owned mines.Demonstrating that the only way to understand those debates and their profound stakes is to grasp fengshui&’s longstanding roles in Chinese public life, Laws of the Land rethinks key issues in the history of Chinese law, politics, science, religion, and economics.
Rewilding Food and the Self: Critical Conversations from Europe (Routledge Studies in Food, Society and the Environment)
by Tristan Fournier Sébastien DalgalarrondoThis volume contributes to the return to nature movement that is very much in vogue in contemporary European societies, by examining the place of food and eating in the "rewilding" process. It is divided into three parts, each of which consists of conversations between social scientists, with fieldwork collected from across Denmark, Finland, France, Italy, Norway and Switzerland. The first part focuses on the ways in which the hunter-gatherer livelihood has been transformed into a resilient, simpler and ecological way of life. It is dedicated to hunting and identifies the contexts in which large wild game meat is consumed and the reasons why such a product is still valued today. The second part shows how some practices that aim to reconnect with natural processes are developing within a market economy. Case studies on natural wine and fasting retreats help us to identify the promises that producers and promoters are relying on in order to disseminate them. Finally, the third part considers how this process of rewilding food is expressed in post-modernity. By focusing on two normative frameworks in which the rhetoric of the wild is mobilized although it is not expected to be in these terms – urbanity and the gender order – the goal is to understand the extent to which referring to the wild in food discourses and practices contributes to challenging our identities, and to creating possible forms of emancipation. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars interested in food cultures, human nature relationships, and sustainable diets.
Commentary on the First Geneva Convention: Convention (I) for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field (Commentaries on the 1949 Geneva Conventions)
by Michael Meyer Lindsey Cameron Knut Dörmann Bruno Demeyere Iris Müller Jean-Marie Henckaerts Heike Niebergall-Lackner Tristan Ferraro Eve La Haye Cordula Droege Robin Geiss Laurent Gisel François Bugnion Sylvain Vité Helen Durham Sandesh Sivakumaran Alexander Breitegger Jann K. Kleffner Geoffrey S. Corn Dana Constantin Stephan Michel Claude SchenkerThe application and interpretation of the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their two Additional Protocols of 1977 have developed significantly in the sixty years since the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) first published its Commentaries on these important humanitarian treaties. To promote a better understanding of, and respect for, this body of law, the ICRC commissioned a comprehensive update of its original Commentaries. Its preparation was coordinated by Jean-Marie Henckaerts, ICRC legal adviser and head of the project to update the Commentaries. The First Convention is a foundational text of international humanitarian law. It contains the essential rules on the protection of the wounded and sick, those assigned to their care, and the red cross and red crescent emblems. This article-by-article Commentary takes into account developments in the law and practice to provide up-to-date interpretations of the Convention. The new Commentary has been reviewed by humanitarian-law practitioners and academics from around the world. It is an essential tool for anyone working or studying within this field. An article-by-article Commentary on the First Geneva Convention and Additional Protocols issued by the International Committee of the Red Cross, capturing contemporary developments in their application and interpretation. Contains thorough and up-to-date interpretations from an extensive process involving both International Committee of the Red Cross and external contributors, as well as peer review by academics and international humanitarian law practitioners, ensuring coherent content while accurately reflecting diverging views. Provides practitioners and scholars with easy access to comprehensive, high-quality legal information.
A Wolf at the Door
by Ellen Datlow Terri Windling Tristan EllwellDid you ever wonder what happened to the seven dwarfs after Snow White ditched them, or what life was like for the giant in "Jack and the Beanstalk?" Can you imagine a wicked stepsister who really gets what she deserves, and a Cinderella who isn't dainty, but actually rather plump? Then this is the book for you. All the fairy tales you've heard over and over again are revisted here, made new by award-winning fantasy and science fiction authors: Garth Nix tells a twisted new version of "Hansel and Gretel," Nancy Farmer shows us what life was like for the princess's magical horse, Gregory Maguire provides a side of the seven dwarfs you've never seen, and Neil Gaiman lays out the "Instructions" that fairy tales should have taught you. In all, thirteen new stories are born from old fairy tales, some disturbing and dark, others strange and funny, but each offering something original and unexpected -- and as surprising as a wolf at the door.
A Wolf at the Door: and Other Retold Fairy Tales
by Ellen Datlow Terri Windling Tristan EllwellThese are not your mother's fairy tales...Did you ever wonder how the dwarves felt after Snow White ditched them for the prince? Do you sometimes wish Cinderella hadn't been so helpless and petite? Are you ready to hear the Giant's point of view on Jack and his beanstalk? Then this is the book for you. Thirteen award-winning fantasy and science fiction writers offer up their versions of these classic fairy tales as well as other favorites, including The Ugly Duckling, Ali Baba, Hansel and Gretel, and more. Some of the stories are funny, some are strange, and others are dark and disturbing -- but each offers something as unexpected as a wolf at the door.
Hamas, Jihad and Popular Legitimacy: Reinterpreting Resistance in Palestine (Routledge Critical Terrorism Studies)
by Tristan DunningThis book investigates the many faces of Hamas and examines its ongoing evolution as a resistance organisation in the context of the Israel/Palestine conflict. Specifically, the work interrogates Hamas’ interpretation, reinterpretation and application of the twin concepts of muqawama (resistance) and jihad (striving in the name of God). The text frames the movement’s capacity to accrue popular legitimacy through its evolving resistance discourses, centred on the notion of jihad, and the practical applications thereof. Moving beyond the dominant security-orientated approaches to Hamas, the book investigates the malleable nature of both resistance and jihad including their social, symbolic, political and ideational applications. The diverse interpretations of these concepts allow Hamas to function as a comprehensive social movement. Where possible, this volume attempts to privilege first-order or experiential knowledge emanating from the movement itself, its political representatives, and the Palestinian population in general. Many of these accounts were collected by the author during fieldwork in the Middle East. Not only does this work present new primary data, but it also investigates a variety of contemporary empirical events related to Palestine and the Middle East. This book offers an alternative way of viewing the movement’s popular legitimacy grounded in theoretical, empirical and ethnographic terms. This book will be of much interest to students of Hamas, political violence, critical terrorism studies, Middle Eastern politics, security studies and IR in general.
Feral Cities: Adventures with Animals in the Urban Jungle
by Tristan DonovanWe tend to think of cities as a realm apart, somehow separate from nature, but nothing could be further from the truth. In Feral Cities, Tristan Donovan digsbelow the urban gloss to uncover the wild creatures that we share our streets and homes with, and profiles the brave and fascinating people who try to manage them. Along the way readers will meet the wall-eating snails that are invading Miami, the boars that roam Berlin, and the monkey gangs of Cape Town. From feral chickens and carpet-roaming bugs to coyotes hanging out in sandwich shops and birds crashing into skyscrapers, Feral Cities takes readers on a journey through streets and neighborhoods that are far more alive than we often realize, shows how animals are adjusting to urban living, and asks what messages the wildlife in our metropolises have for us.
Fizz: How Soda Shook Up the World
by Tristan DonovanThis social, cultural, and culinary history charts soda's remarkable, world-changing journey from awe-inspiring natural mystery to ubiquity. Off-the-wall and offbeat stories abound, including how quack medicine peddlers spawned some of the world's biggest brands, how fizzy pop cashed in on Prohibition, how soda helped presidents reach the White House, and even how Pepsi influenced Apple's marketing of the iPod. This history of carbonated drinks follows a seemingly simple everyday refreshment as it zinged and pinged over society's taste buds and, in doing so, changed the world.
It's All a Game: The History of Board Games from Monopoly to Settlers of Catan
by Tristan Donovan“[A] timely book . . . a wonderfully entertaining trip around the board, through 4,000 years of game history.” —The Wall Street JournalBoard games have been with us even longer than the written word. But what is it about this pastime that continues to captivate us well into the age of smartphones and instant gratification?In It’s All a Game, Tristan Donovan, British journalist and author of Replay: The History of Video Games, opens the box on the incredible and often surprising history and psychology of board games. He traces the evolution of the game across cultures, time periods, and continents, from the paranoid Chicago toy genius behind classics like Operation and Mouse Trap, to the role of Monopoly in helping prisoners of war escape the Nazis, and even the scientific use of board games today to teach artificial intelligence how to reason and how to win. With these compelling stories and characters, Donovan ultimately reveals why board games—from chess to Monopoly to Risk and more—have captured hearts and minds all over the world for generations.“Splendid . . . A quick and breezy read, it doesn’t just tell the fascinating stories of the (often struggling) individuals who created our favorite games. It also manages to convey the entire sweep of board game history, from the earliest forms of checkers to modern-day surprise hits like Settlers of Catan.” —Mashable“Artfully weaves together culture, business, and ways games impact society.” —Booklist“A fascinating and insightful discussion not only of games past, but the socioeconomic and historical factors that contributed to their popularity.” —Chicago Review of Books
Byronism, Napoleonism, and Nineteenth-Century Realism: Heroes of Their Own Lives? (Among the Victorians and Modernists)
by Tristan Donal BurkeByronism, Napoleonism and Nineteenth-Century Realism offers a fresh analysis of the nineteenth-century European novel, exploring the cultural images of Byron and Napoleon as they appear in the construction of ‘bourgeois heroism.’ Utilizing a unique pan-European perspective, this volume draws together concepts of heroism with theoretically informed questions of form, particularly the role of the hero-protagonist and development of literary realism. Observing Byron and Napoleon as parallel entities, whose rise and twin fame cast long shadows in the first decades of the nineteenth century, this text exemplifies the force of personality which made them heroes. Even where they were reviled, their commitment to challenging moribund cultural and social values make them touchstones for all those who attempted to understand the nineteenth century’s modernity. Integrating the study of heroism in the nineteenth-century novel with key developments in critical theory, Byronism, Napoleonism and Nineteenth-Century Realism is essential reading for students and scholars of the bourgeois hero, as well as those with a wider interest in nineteenth century literature.
The Making of a Rag Doll
by Tristan Davidson Jess BrownWith cameos on Fashion Week runways and in designer store windows, the starry-eyed Jess Brown rag doll has captured the hearts of many. In this book, Brown shares her sought-after doll pattern for the first time and shows how to sew, customize, and accessorize each doll for a true modern heirloom. More than a craft how-to book, The Making of a Rag Doll reveals the creative process behind these whimsical dolls, placing emphasis on quality sustainable materials and handwork made to last for generations. The book brims with gorgeous lifestyle photography, includes two patterns, and features instructions for nine accessories such as a little apron and cute-as- can-be knickers.
Anime and Philosophy
by Tristan D. Tamplin Josef SteiffAnime and Philosophy focuses on some of the most-loved, most-intriguing anime films and series, as well as lesser-known works, to find what lies at their core. Astro Boy, Dragon Ball Z, Ghost in the Shell, and Spirited Away are just a few of the films analyzed in this book. In these stories about monsters, robots, children, and spirits who grapple with the important questions in life we find insight crucial to our times: lessons on morality, justice, and heroism, as well as meditations on identity, the soul, and the meaning - or meaninglessness - of life. Anime has become a worldwide phenomenon, reaching across genres, mediums, and cultures. For those wondering why so many people love anime or for die-hard fans who want to know more, Anime and Philosophy provides a deeper appreciation of the art and storytelling of this distinctive Japanese culture.
Battlestar Galactica and Philosophy
by Tristan D. Tamplin Josef SteiffIn attempting to retain her "human" side, does Sharon really have free will? Is killing a Cylon murder or garbage disposal? These are some of the questions addressed in this thoughtful collection of writings on the philosophical underpinnings of Battlestar, Galactica. The book includes a brief analysis of the original 1970s and 80s series but concentrates primarily on the episodes, characters, and issues from the entirely reimagined current series (including its fourth and final season, scheduled for airing in early 2008) as well as the two-hour TV movie and direct-to-DVD release Razor.
A Modal Approach to the Space-Time Dynamics of Cognitive Biomarkers (Synthesis Lectures on Biomedical Engineering)
by Tristan D. Griffith James E. Hubbard Jr. Mark J. BalasThis book develops and details a rigorous, canonical modeling approach for analyzing spatio-temporal brain wave dynamics. The nonlinear, nonstationary behavior of brain wave measures and general uncertainty associated with the brain makes it difficult to apply modern system identification techniques to such systems. While there is a substantial amount of literature on the use of stationary analyses for brain waves, relatively less work has considered real-time estimation and imaging of brain waves from noninvasive measurements. This book addresses the issue of modeling and imaging brain waves and biomarkers generally, treating the nonlinear and nonstationary dynamics in near real-time. Using a modal state-space formulation leads to intuitive, physically significant models which are used for analysis and diagnosis.A Modal Approach to the Space-Time Dynamics of Cognitive Biomarkers provides a much-needed reference for practicing researchers in biomarker modeling leveraging the lens of engineering dynamics.
Advances in Computer Games: 16th International Conference, ACG 2019, Macao, China, August 11–13, 2019, Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12516)
by Tristan Cazenave Jaap van den Herik Abdallah Saffidine I-Chen WuThis book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Advances in Computer Games, ACG 2019, held in Macao, China, in August 2019. The 12 full papers presented together with 2 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 19 submissions. The selected papers are devoted to topics such as cooperation; single player games; mathematical approaches; nonogram: general and specific approaches; and deep learning.
Computer Games
by Tristan Cazenave Mark H.M. Winands Abdallah SaffidineThis book constitutes revised selected papers from the 6th Workshop on Computer Games, CGW 2017, held in conjunction with the 26th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2017, in Melbourne, Australia, in August 2017. The 12 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 18 submissions. They cover a wide range of topics related to computer games; discussing six abstract games: Chinese Checkers, Chinese Dark Chess, Hex, Othello, Poker, and SameGame.
Computer Games: 5th Workshop on Computer Games, CGW 2016, and 5th Workshop on General Intelligence in Game-Playing Agents, GIGA 2016, Held in Conjunction with the 25th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2016, New York, USA, July 9-10, 2016, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #705)
by Tristan Cazenave Mark H.M. Winands Stefan Edelkamp Stephan Schiffel Michael Thielscher Julian TogeliusThis book contains the papers of the 6th Computers and Games Conference (CG 2008)held in Beijing, China. The conference took place from September 29 th to October 1, 2008 in conjunction with the 13 International Computer Games th Championship and the 16 World Computer Chess Championship. The Computers and Games conference series is a major international forum for researchers and developers interested in all aspects of arti?cial intelligence and computer game playing. The Beijing conference was de?nitively charact- ized by fresh ideas for a large variety of games. Earlier conferences took place in Tsukuba, Japan (1998), Hamamatsu, Japan (2000), Edmonton, Canada, (2002), Ramat-Gan, Israel (2004), and Turin, Italy (2006). The Programme Committee (PC) received 40 submissions. Each paper was initiallysenttoatleasttworeferees. Ifcon?ictingviewsonapaperwerereported, itwassenttoanadditionalreferee. Outofthe40submissions, onewaswithdrawn before the ?nal decisions weremade. With the help of many referees (listed after the preface), the PC accepted 24 papers for presentation at the conference and publication in these proceedings. Theabove-mentionedsetof24paperscoversawiderangeofcomputergames. Twelve of the games are played in practice by human players, viz. , Go, We- ern Chess, Chinese Chess (Xiangqi), Japanese Chess (Shogi), Amazons, Chinese Checkers, Hearts, Hex, Lines of Action, Othello, Siguo, and Spades. Moreover, there was onepuzzle, viz. , SameGame, andtwo theoreticalgames, viz. , Synch- nized Domineering and multi-player Can t Stop. Thepapersdealwithmanydi?erentresearchtopicsincludingcognition, c- binatorial game theory, search, knowledge representation, and optimization. We hope that the readerswill enjoy the researche?orts of the authors. Below we provide a brief outline of the 24 contributions, in the order in which they are printed in the book
Computer Games: 7th Workshop, CGW 2018, Held in Conjunction with the 27th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2018, Stockholm, Sweden, July 13, 2018, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1017)
by Tristan Cazenave Abdallah Saffidine Nathan SturtevantThis book constitutes revised selected papers from the 7th Workshop on Computer Games, CGW 2018, held in conjunction with the 27th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2018 in Stockholm, Sweden, in July 2018.The 8 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 15 submissions. They cover a wide range of topics related to video games; general game playing.- machine learning and Monte Carlo tree search.
Computer Games: Fourth Workshop on Computer Games, CGW 2015, and the Fourth Workshop on General Intelligence in Game-Playing Agents, GIGA 2015, Held in Conjunction with the 24th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2015, Buenos Aires, Argentina, July 26-27, 2015, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #614)
by Tristan Cazenave Mark H.M. Winands Stefan Edelkamp Stephan Schiffel Michael Thielscher Julian TogeliusThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Fourth Computer Games Workshop, CGW 2015, and the Fourth Workshop on General Intelligence in Game-Playing Agents, GIGA 2015, held in conjunction with the 24th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2015, Buenos Aires, Argentina, in July 2015. The 12 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 27 submissions. The papers address all aspects of artificial intelligence and computer game playing. They discuss topics such as Monte-Carlo methods; heuristic search; board games; card games; video games; perfect and imperfect information games; puzzles and single player games; multi-player games; combinatorial game theory; applications; computational creativity; computational game theory; evaluation and analysis; game design; knowledge representation; machine learning; multi-agent systems; opponent modeling; planning; reasoning; search.
Computer Games: Workshop on Computer Games, CGW 2013, Held in Conjunction with the 23rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2013, Beijing, China, August 3, 2013, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #408)
by Tristan Cazenave Mark H.M. Winands Hiroyuki IidaThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Computer Games Workshop, CGW 2013, held in Beijing, China, in August 2013, in conjunction with the Twenty-third International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2013. The 9 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 15 submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics related to computer games. They discuss six games that are played by humans in practice: Chess, Domineering, Chinese Checkers, Go, Goofspiel, and Tzaar. Moreover, there are papers about the Sliding Tile Puzzle, an application, namely, Cooperative Path-Finding Problems, and on general game playing.
Monte Carlo Search: First Workshop, MCS 2020, Held in Conjunction with IJCAI 2020, Virtual Event, January 7, 2021, Proceedings (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1379)
by Tristan Cazenave Mark H. M. Winands Olivier TeytaudThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First Workshop on Monte Carlo Search, MCS 2020, organized in conjunction with IJCAI 2020. The event was supposed to take place in Yokohama, Japan, in July 2020, but due to the Covid-19 pandemic was held virtually on January 7, 2021. The 9 full papers of the specialized project were carefully reviewed and selected from 15 submissions. The following topics are covered in the contributions: discrete mathematics in computer science, games, optimization, search algorithms, Monte Carlo methods, neural networks, reinforcement learning, machine learning.
The Changing Landscape of International Schooling: Implications for theory and practice (Routledge Research in International and Comparative Education)
by Tristan BunnellThe number of English-medium international schools that deliver their curriculum wholly or partly in the English language reportedly reached 6,000 in January 2012. It is anticipated this number will rise to over 11,000 schools by 2022, employing over 500,000 English-speaking teachers. The number of children being taught in these schools reportedly reached 3 million in March 2012. Alongside this phenomenal growth the landscape of international schooling has changed fundamentally, moving away from largely serving the children of the expat and globally mobile business community and Embassies, towards serving the ‘local’ children of the wealthy and emerging middle-class. This has been reflected in the shift away from non-profit ownership by the school community towards ownership by for-profit companies and proprietors. In this book, Tristan Bunnell explores the changing landscape of international schooling and discusses the implications of these changes, both in terms of theoretically conceptualizing the scale, nature and purpose of the field, and in terms of practically serving and administering the growing industry that international education is becoming. The Changing Landscape of International Schooling will be worthwhile reading for researchers, academics and students of international schooling, leaders and teachers in international schools, and those interested in the broader development of international education.