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Latin American Geopolitics: Migration, Cities and Globalization
by César Álvarez Alonso José Ignacio HernándezThis edited volume analyzes how migration, the conformation of urban areas, and globalization impact Latin American geopolitics. Globalization has decisively influenced Latin American nationhood and it has also helped create a global region with global cities that are the result of the urbanization process. Also, globalization and migration are changing Latin America's own vision as a collective community. This book tackles how migration triggers concerns about security, which lead to policies based on the protection of borders as a matter of national security. The contributors argue that economic regionalization-globalization promotes changes in the social and economic geography which refer to social phenomena, the dynamic of social classes and their spatial implications, all of which may impact economic growth on the region. The project will appeal to a wider audience including political scientists, scholars, researchers, students and non-academics interested in Latin American geopolitics.
The Growth of the Scholarly Publishing Industry in the U.S.: A Business History of a Changing Marketplace, 1939–1946
by Albert N. GrecoThis book analyzes the dynamic growth of the scholarly publishing industry in the United States during 1939-1946, a critical period in the business history of scholarly publications in STM and the humanities and the social sciences. It explains how the key publishing players positioned themselves to take advantage of the war economy and how they used different business and marketing strategies to create the market and demand for scholarly publications. Not only did the atomic threat necessitate a surge in scholarly research, but at the same time scholarly publishing managers prepared for the dramatic shift by anticipating the potential impact of the GI Bill on higher education, creating superb printed products, and by becoming the brand, the source of knowledge and information. The creation of strategic business units and value chains as well as the development of marketing targeting strategies resulted in brand loyalty to certain publishers and publications but also accelerated the growth of the US scholarly publishing industry. Business historians and marketing professors interested in the business strategies of scholarly publishers during World War II will find this book to be a valuable resource.
Lessons on Caffeine, Cannabis & Co: Plant-derived Drugs And Their Interaction With Human Receptors (Learning Materials in Biosciences)
by Alexander Wolf Angelika Böttger Ute Vothknecht Cordelia BolleThis textbook provides a structured, easy to understand and thorough insight into the mode of function of plant secondary metabolites in plants and humans. It explains the biosynthesis and molecular action of nicotine, cannabis, caffeine and Co, describes the effects of these drugs on signal transduction at receptors and ion channels in animals, their relevance for human health and their potential for recreational use and abuse. It also offers a broad and comprehensive understanding on the role and function of these diverse molecules for the plants that make them. This textbook is written for master students and scientist in biochemistry and biology as well as for pharmaceutical and medical students. It will be a valuable study tool for teachers and students alike.
Human Memory and Material Memory
by Christian LexcellentThis book investigates the fascinating concept of a continuum between human memory and memory of materials. The first part provides state-of-the-art information on shape memory alloys and outlines a brief history of memory from the ancient Greeks to the present day, describing phenomenological, philosophical, and technical approaches such as neuroscience. Then, using a wealth of anecdotes, data from academic literature, and original research, this short book discusses the concepts of post-memory, memristors and forgiveness, highlights the analogies between materials defects and memory traces in the human brain. Lastly, it tackles questions of how human memory and memory of materials work together and interact. With insights from materials mechanics, neuroscience and philosophy, it enables readers to understand and continue this open debate on human memory.
Modern Sensing Technologies (Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation #29)
by Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay Octavian Adrian Postolache Krishanthi P. JayasunderaThis book provides an overview of modern sensing technologies and reflects the remarkable advances that have been made in the field of intelligent and smart sensors, environmental monitoring, health monitoring, and many other sensing and monitoring contexts in today’s world. It addresses a broad range of aspects, from human health monitoring to the monitoring of environmental conditions, from wireless sensor networks and the Internet of Things to structural health monitoring. Given its breadth of scope, the book will benefit researchers, practitioners, technologists and graduate students involved in the monitoring of systems within the human body, functions and activities, healthcare technologies and services, the environment, etc.
Pseudo-Regularly Varying Functions and Generalized Renewal Processes (Probability Theory and Stochastic Modelling #91)
by Josef G. Steinebach Valeriĭ V. Buldygin Karl-Heinz Indlekofer Oleg I. KlesovOne of the main aims of this book is to exhibit some fruitful links between renewal theory and regular variation of functions. Applications of renewal processes play a key role in actuarial and financial mathematics as well as in engineering, operations research and other fields of applied mathematics. On the other hand, regular variation of functions is a property that features prominently in many fields of mathematics.The structure of the book reflects the historical development of the authors’ research work and approach – first some applications are discussed, after which a basic theory is created, and finally further applications are provided. The authors present a generalized and unified approach to the asymptotic behavior of renewal processes, involving cases of dependent inter-arrival times. This method works for other important functionals as well, such as first and last exit times or sojourn times (also under dependencies), and it can be used to solve several other problems. For example, various applications in function analysis concerning Abelian and Tauberian theorems can be studied as well as those in studies of the asymptotic behavior of solutions of stochastic differential equations. The classes of functions that are investigated and used in a probabilistic context extend the well-known Karamata theory of regularly varying functions and thus are also of interest in the theory of functions. The book provides a rigorous treatment of the subject and may serve as an introduction to the field. It is aimed at researchers and students working in probability, the theory of stochastic processes, operations research, mathematical statistics, the theory of functions, analytic number theory and complex analysis, as well as economists with a mathematical background. Readers should have completed introductory courses in analysis and probability theory.
Urban Galapagos: Transition to Sustainability in Complex Adaptive Systems (Social and Ecological Interactions in the Galapagos Islands)
by Thomas Kvan Justyna KarakiewiczThis book addresses the future of urbanisation on the Galapagos Islands from a systems, governance and design perspective with the competing parameters of liveability, economic and ecological, using the Galapagos as a laboratory for the theoretical and postulative understanding of evolving settlement and habitation. The Galapagos islands are one of the world’s most examined and reported examples of a series of naturally evolving ecosystems. The biodiversity of these island ecosystems are the focus of tourism and the image across the world yet human settlement are part of the local ecology. While human intervention is limited, the islands are a distinctive context in which to consider the impact of human habitation as a part of our ecosystems. In this book, authors take the framework of complex adaptive systems (CAS) in which to model systems that grow and evolve, the relations between these various sectors change; systems that get more complex as they evolve. Tested and applied discretely in the two realms of natural and urban, for the first time this text will bring the two together in understanding options for the future of urban settlements on the Galapagos Islands and, by extension, consider how the approach can be used globally in other contexts.
The Essence of Turbulence as a Physical Phenomenon: With Emphasis On Issues Of Paradigmatic Nature
by Arkady TsinoberNow in its second edition, this book clearly, concisely and comprehensively outlines the essence of turbulence. In view of the absence of a theory based on first principles and adequate tools to handle the problem, the “essence” of turbulence, i.e. what turbulence really is from a fundamental point of view, is understood empirically through observations from nature, laboratories and direct numerical simulations rather than explained by means of conventional formalistic aspects, models, etc., resulting in pertinent issues being described at a highly theoretical level in spite of the mentioned lack of theory.As such, the book highlights and critically reexamines fundamental issues, especially those of paradigmatic nature, related to conceptual and problematic aspects, key misconceptions and unresolved matters, and discusses why the problem is so difficult. As in the previous edition, the focus on fundamental issues is also a consequence of the view that without corresponding advances in fundamental aspects there is little chance of progress in any applications. More generally there is a desperate need for physical fundamentals of a great variety of processes in nature and technology in which turbulence plays a central role. Turbulence is omnipresent throughout the natural sciences and technology, but despite the vast sea of information available the book retains its brevity without oversimplifications, making it of interest to a broad audience.
Ethical and Legal Issues in Human Resource Development: Evolving Roles and Emerging Trends
by Claretha HughesThis book explores the role of HRD professionals in ethical and legal decision making in the workplace. While previous books have described the need for ethics in HRD, this book presents ways that HRD scholars and professionals can influence, through collaborative relationships, effective implementation of ethical policies and legal standards in the workplace. The ethical policies of an organization provide a key insight into its values, and this book shows the relationship between those values and HRD practices, such as training and development, career development, and organization development. Exploring such topics as protected classes, diversity intelligence, employee rights, and employee privacy, this book will inform HRD scholars and professionals on researching and enhancing ethical and legal decision making in the workplace.
Uncertainty Quantification and Predictive Computational Science: A Foundation for Physical Scientists and Engineers
by Ryan G. McClarrenThis textbook teaches the essential background and skills for understanding and quantifying uncertainties in a computational simulation, and for predicting the behavior of a system under those uncertainties. It addresses a critical knowledge gap in the widespread adoption of simulation in high-consequence decision-making throughout the engineering and physical sciences. Constructing sophisticated techniques for prediction from basic building blocks, the book first reviews the fundamentals that underpin later topics of the book including probability, sampling, and Bayesian statistics. Part II focuses on applying Local Sensitivity Analysis to apportion uncertainty in the model outputs to sources of uncertainty in its inputs. Part III demonstrates techniques for quantifying the impact of parametric uncertainties on a problem, specifically how input uncertainties affect outputs. The final section covers techniques for applying uncertainty quantification to make predictions under uncertainty, including treatment of epistemic uncertainties. It presents the theory and practice of predicting the behavior of a system based on the aggregation of data from simulation, theory, and experiment. The text focuses on simulations based on the solution of systems of partial differential equations and includes in-depth coverage of Monte Carlo methods, basic design of computer experiments, as well as regularized statistical techniques. Code references, in python, appear throughout the text and online as executable code, enabling readers to perform the analysis under discussion. Worked examples from realistic, model problems help readers understand the mechanics of applying the methods. Each chapter ends with several assignable problems. Uncertainty Quantification and Predictive Computational Science fills the growing need for a classroom text for senior undergraduate and early-career graduate students in the engineering and physical sciences and supports independent study by researchers and professionals who must include uncertainty quantification and predictive science in the simulations they develop and/or perform.
Dynamics of Parallel Robots (Parallel Robots: Theory and Applications)
by Stefan StaicuThis book establishes recursive relations concerning kinematics and dynamics of constrained robotic systems. It uses matrix modeling to determine the connectivity conditions on the relative velocities and accelerations in order to compare two efficient energetic ways in dynamics modeling: the principle of virtual work, and the formalism of Lagrange's equations. First, a brief fundamental theory is presented on matrix mechanics of the rigid body, which is then developed in the following five chapters treating matrix kinematics of the rigid body, matrix kinematics of the composed motion, kinetics of the rigid body, dynamics of the rigid body, and analytical mechanics. By using a set of successive mobile frames, the geometrical properties and the kinematics of the vector system of velocities and accelerations for each element of the robot are analysed. The dynamics problem is solved in two energetic ways: using an approach based on the principle of virtual work and applying the formalism of Lagrange's equations of the second kind. These are shown to be useful for real-time control of the robot's evolution. Then the recursive matrix method is applied to the kinematics and dynamics analysis of five distinct case studies: planar parallel manipulators, spatial parallel robots, planetary gear trains, mobile wheeled robots and, finally, two-module hybrid parallel robots.
First RILEM International Conference on Concrete and Digital Fabrication – Digital Concrete 2018 (Rilem Bookseries Ser. #19)
by Timothy Wangler Robert J. FlattDigital fabrication has been termed the “third industrial revolution”, and is promising to revolutionize many disciplines, including most recently the construction sector. Both academia and industry see immense promise in cementitious materials, which lend themselves well to additive manufacturing techniques for digital fabrication in construction. With this recent trend and high interest in this new research field, the 1st RILEM International Conference on Concrete and Digital Fabrication (Digital Concrete 2018) was organized. Since 2014, ETH Zurich has been host for the Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research (NCCR) for Digital Fabrication in Architecture, which is highly interdisciplinary and unique worldwide. In 2018, this NCCR opened the “DFAB House”, which incorporates many digital fabrication principles for architecture. It is also responsible for the 600 m2 Robotic Fabrication Lab and the first robotically built roof in the world. Held in tandem with Rob|Arch 2018, the leading conference for robotics in architecture, RILEM deemed it the right time to combine forces at this new conference, which will be the first large conference to feature the work of the recently created RILEM Technical Committee on Digital Fabrication with Cement-based Materials, among other leaders in this new field worldwide. This conference proceedings brings together papers that take into account the findings in this new area. Papers reflect the varying themes of the conference, including Materials, Processing, Structure, and Applications.
Internet of Things From Hype to Reality: The Road to Digitization
by Ammar Rayes Samer SalamThis textbook presents an end-to-end Internet of Things (IoT) architecture that comprises of devices, network, compute, storage, platform, applications along with management and security components with focus on the missing functionality in the current state of the art. As with the first edition, it is organized into six main parts: an IoT reference model; Fog computing and the drivers; IoT management and applications ranging from smart homes to manufacturing and energy conservation solutions; Smart Services in IoT; IoT standards; and case studies. The textbook edition features a new chapter entitled The Blockchain in IoT, updates based on latest standards and technologies, and new slide ware for professors. It features a full suite of classroom material for easy adoption.
From Biocultural Homogenization to Biocultural Conservation (Ecology and Ethics #3)
by Daniel Simberloff Aníbal Pauchard Irene J. Klaver Ricardo Rozzi Roy H. May F. Stuart Chapin Francisca Massardo Michael C. Gavin Martin A. NuñezTo assess the social processes of globalization that are changing the way in which we co-inhabit the world today, this book invites the reader to essay the diversity of worldviews, with the diversity of ways to sustainably co-inhabit the planet. With a biocultural perspective that highlights planetary ecological and cultural heterogeneity, this book examines three interrelated themes: (1) biocultural homogenization, a global, but little perceived, driver of biological and cultural diversity loss that frequently entail social and environmental injustices; (2) biocultural ethics that considers –ontologically and axiologically– the complex interrelationships between habits, habitats, and co-inhabitants that shape their identity and well-being; (3) biocultural conservation that seeks social and ecological well-being through the conservation of biological and cultural diversity and their interrelationships.
Malignant Mesothelioma and Pseudomyxoma
by Mikhail V. Kiselevskiy Amir G. Abdulaev Mikhail M. DavydovThe book discusses a vital problem of diagnostics and treatment of peritoneal malignancies, pseudomyxoma and malignant mesothelioma, which is still insufficiently developed. Compared to similar, earlier editions, this volume importantly presents cutting-edge approaches and up-to-date diagnostic methods.The authors place special emphasis on morphological/pathological characteristics of these tumors involving immunodiagnostic techniques, and a chapter on the immunotherapy of mesothelioma and pseudomyxoma will be of special interest to readers.Fully illustrated, the book will present an algorithm of diagnostics and complex treatment of these tumors.
Law and Migration in a Changing World (Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law #31)
by Marie-Claire Foblets Jean-Yves CarlierThis volume comprises national reports on migration and migration law from 17 countries representing all continents. The vast majority of these are countries of immigration, which means they face specific challenges in terms of managing migratory flows that are increasingly linked with climate change and scarce natural resources worldwide, and they need to find viable ways to integrate humanitarian migration. Unlike so many recent publications in the field of international migration law, this book brings together reports on diverse countries that are rarely regarded as part of one and the same picture, depicting globalized migration in the contemporary era that to a large extent challenges state sovereignty. The contributions delineate the legal regimes that individual states are continually developing and modifying with a view to managing and controlling access of individual persons to their respective territories. They also show how the restrictive measures that states resort to in the event of failure to manage migration could have a lasting legal impact. The General Report preceding the country reports provides a comparative overview of the national reports, and is divided into two parts. The first, more technical in nature, addresses the classic questions relating to admission to and residence in a country. The second, more reflective section, examines the relationship between laws and migration in a wider and multidisciplinary perspective. To allow a robust comparison, the country reports all follow a similarly wide-ranging structure; to the extent possible, they also cover the historical, sociological and demographic factors that help explain legal regimes and migratory flows in each country. Each country report includes analyses of recent legislative developments and delicate questions that are still awaiting adequate (legal) responses as well as perspectives for the future.
Collaboration and Technology: 24th International Conference, CRIWG 2018, Costa de Caparica, Portugal, September 5-7, 2018, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11001)
by Armanda Rodrigues Benjamim Fonseca Nuno PreguiçaThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Collaboration and Technology, CRIWG 2018, held in Costa de Caparica, Portugal, in September 2018.The 11 revised full papers presented together with 6 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 32 submissions. The papers published in the proceedings of this year span dierent areas of collaborative computing research, from collaborative learning to collaboration through social media and virtual communities.
Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing: 7th CCF International Conference, NLPCC 2018, Hohhot, China, August 26–30, 2018, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11109)
by Min Zhang Dongyan Zhao Vincent Ng Sujian Li Hongying ZanThis two volume set of LNAI 11108 and LNAI 11109 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th CCF Conference on Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, NLPCC 2018, held in Hohhot, China, in August 2018. The 55 full papers and 31 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 308 submissions. The papers of the first volume are organized in the following topics: conversational Bot/QA/IR; knowledge graph/IE; machine learning for NLP; machine translation; and NLP applications. The papers of the second volume are organized as follows: NLP for social network; NLP fundamentals; text mining; and short papers.
Reversible Computation: 10th International Conference, RC 2018, Leicester, UK, September 12-14, 2018, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11106)
by Jarkko Kari Irek UlidowskiThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Reversible Computation, RC 2018, held in Leicester, UK, in September 2018. The 13 full, 7 short, and one tutorial papers included in this volume together with four invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 28 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: reversible concurrent computation; quantum circuits; reversible programming languages; and applications.
Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing: 7th CCF International Conference, NLPCC 2018, Hohhot, China, August 26–30, 2018, Proceedings, Part I (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11108)
by Min Zhang Dongyan Zhao Vincent Ng Sujian Li Hongying ZanThis two volume set of LNAI 11108 and LNAI 11109 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th CCF Conference on Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, NLPCC 2018, held in Hohhot, China, in August 2018. The 55 full papers and 31 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 308 submissions. The papers of the first volume are organized in the following topics: conversational Bot/QA/IR; knowledge graph/IE; machine learning for NLP; machine translation; and NLP applications. The papers of the second volume are organized as follows: NLP for social network; NLP fundamentals; text mining; and short papers.
Braverman Readings in Machine Learning. Key Ideas from Inception to Current State: International Conference Commemorating the 40th Anniversary of Emmanuil Braverman's Decease, Boston, MA, USA, April 28-30, 2017, Invited Talks (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11100)
by Boris Mirkin Lev Rozonoer Ilya MuchnikThis state-of-the-art survey is dedicated to the memory of Emmanuil Markovich Braverman (1931-1977), a pioneer in developing machine learning theory.The 12 revised full papers and 4 short papers included in this volume were presented at the conference "Braverman Readings in Machine Learning: Key Ideas from Inception to Current State" held in Boston, MA, USA, in April 2017, commemorating the 40th anniversary of Emmanuil Braverman's decease. The papers present an overview of some of Braverman's ideas and approaches.The collection is divided in three parts. The first part bridges the past and the present and covers the concept of kernel function and its application to signal and image analysis as well as clustering. The second part presents a set of extensions of Braverman's work to issues of current interest both in theory and applications of machine learning. The third part includes short essays by a friend, a student, and a colleague.
The Lower Algebraic K-Theory of Virtually Cyclic Subgroups of the Braid Groups of the Sphere and of ZB4(S2)
by John Guaschi Daniel Juan-Pineda Silvia Millán LópezThis volume deals with the K-theoretical aspects of the group rings of braid groups of the 2-sphere. The lower algebraic K-theory of the finite subgroups of these groups up to eleven strings is computed using a wide variety of tools. Many of the techniques extend to the general case, and the results reveal new K-theoretical phenomena with respect to the previous study of other families of groups. The second part of the manuscript focusses on the case of the 4-string braid group of the 2-sphere, which is shown to be hyperbolic in the sense of Gromov. This permits the computation of the infinite maximal virtually cyclic subgroups of this group and their conjugacy classes, and applying the fact that this group satisfies the Fibred Isomorphism Conjecture of Farrell and Jones, leads to an explicit calculation of its lower K-theory. Researchers and graduate students working in K-theory and surface braid groups will constitute the primary audience of the manuscript, particularly those interested in the Fibred Isomorphism Conjecture, and the computation of Nil groups and the lower algebraic K-groups of group rings. The manuscript will also provide a useful resource to researchers who wish to learn the techniques needed to calculate lower algebraic K-groups, and the bibliography brings together a large number of references in this respect.
Almost Global Solutions of Capillary-Gravity Water Waves Equations on the Circle (Lecture Notes Of The Unione Matematica Italiana Ser. #24)
by Massimiliano Berti Jean-Marc DelortThe goal of this monograph is to prove that any solution of the Cauchy problem for the capillary-gravity water waves equations, in one space dimension, with periodic, even in space, small and smooth enough initial data, is almost globally defined in time on Sobolev spaces, provided the gravity-capillarity parameters are taken outside an exceptional subset of zero measure. In contrast to the many results known for these equations on the real line, with decaying Cauchy data, one cannot make use of dispersive properties of the linear flow. Instead, a normal forms-based procedure is used, eliminating those contributions to the Sobolev energy that are of lower degree of homogeneity in the solution. Since the water waves equations form a quasi-linear system, the usual normal forms approaches would face the well-known problem of losses of derivatives in the unbounded transformations. To overcome this, after a paralinearization of the capillary-gravity water waves equations, we perform several paradifferential reductions to obtain a diagonal system with constant coefficient symbols, up to smoothing remainders. Then we start with a normal form procedure where the small divisors are compensated by the previous paradifferential regularization. The reversible structure of the water waves equations, and the fact that we seek solutions even in space, guarantees a key cancellation which prevents the growth of the Sobolev norms of the solutions.
Kähler Immersions of Kähler Manifolds into Complex Space Forms (Lecture Notes of the Unione Matematica Italiana #23)
by Andrea Loi Michela ZeddaThe aim of this book is to describe Calabi's original work on Kähler immersions of Kähler manifolds into complex space forms, to provide a detailed account of what is known today on the subject and to point out some open problems. Calabi's pioneering work, making use of the powerful tool of the diastasis function, allowed him to obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for a neighbourhood of a point to be locally Kähler immersed into a finite or infinite-dimensional complex space form. This led to a classification of (finite-dimensional) complex space forms admitting a Kähler immersion into another, and to decades of further research on the subject. Each chapter begins with a brief summary of the topics to be discussed and ends with a list of exercises designed to test the reader's understanding. Apart from the section on Kähler immersions of homogeneous bounded domains into the infinite complex projective space, which could be skipped without compromising the understanding of the rest of the book, the prerequisites to read this book are a basic knowledge of complex and Kähler geometry.
Cliometrics of the Family (Studies in Economic History)
by Charlotte Störmer Claude Diebolt Auke Rijpma Sarah Carmichael Selin DilliThis contributed volume applies cliometric methods to the study of family and households in order to derive global patterns and determine their impact on economic development. Family and households are a fundamental feature of societies and economies. They are found throughout history and are the place where key decisions on fertility, labour force participation, education, consumption are made. This is especially relevant for the position of women. The book gathers key insights from a variety of fields – economics, history, demography, anthropology, biology – to shed light on the relation between family organisation and the long-term process of economic development.