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Behavioral Insights (The MIT Press Essential Knowledge Series)
by Michael Hallsworth Elspeth KirkmanAn accessible introduction to the behavioral insights approach, which applies evidence about human behavior to practical problems.Our behavior is strongly influenced by factors that lie outside our conscious awareness, although we tend to underestimate the power of this "automatic" side of our behavior. As a result, governments make ineffective policies, businesses create bad products, and individuals make unrealistic plans. In contrast, the behavioral insights approach applies evidence about actual human behavior--rather than assumptions about it--to practical problems. This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series, written by two leading experts in the field, offers an accessible introduction to behavioral insights, describing core features, origins, and practical examples.
Behavioral Insights for Policy Design: A New Framework for Understanding Wicked Social Problems and Designing Policies for Real Citizens
by Guilherme Lichand Amiris de Serdeira Bruno RizardiThis textbook is an introductory guide to applying behavioral sciences and systemic thinking into public policy design and implementation. It presents an innovative public management toolkit to handle ‘wicked’ social problems – those not very responsive to traditional public policy instruments – by incorporating insights from the behavioral sciences and systemic design in the diagnostics of public problems, based on the motivations and constraints of the ‘real citizen’ – beyond the ideal citizen’s perfectly rational intentions and plans devoid of social context or self-control problems. This volume aims to motivate the inclusion of broader and deeper insights from the behavioral sciences – especially behavioral economics, cognitive psychology, and social psychology – to the repertoire of public managers by introducing new methodologies for diagnosing the root causes behind public problems and for designing effective policies to address them. The new diagnosis tool – the MSI framework (an acronym for Motivation, Self-control, and Inattention problems) –, will help identify new mechanisms underlying social problems or reinterpret known problems based on behavioral insights. The new methodology for policy design – the PRIx framework (an acronym for Pricing policies, Regulatory policies, and Information policies) –, will enrich existing policy tools with such behavioral insights. Behavioral Insights for Policy Design: A New Framework for Understanding Wicked Social Problems and Designing Policies for Real Citizens will be a useful and practical guide to public managers and students of graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in public management interested in learning how to apply innovative tools and methodologies inspired by the behavioral sciences into public policy design in a simple and practical way, even when dealing with complex social problems.
Behavioral Insights for Public Policy: Contextualizing our Science (Elements in Applied Social Psychology)
by Crystal C. Hall Ines JurcevicThere has been an increasing effort to integrate behavioral insights into public policy. These insights are often reliant on social psychological research and theory. However, in this relatively young field, policy interventions and behavioral insights are often built on laboratory-based psychological research with effects that can prove to be unstable in the 'real world'. In this Element, the author provides a brief history of how behavioral insights have been applied to complex policy problems. The author describes ways in which behavioral insights have been successful and where they have fallen short. In addition, the author examines unintended negative consequences of nudges and provides a more nuanced examination of their impacts on behavior change. Finally, the author concludes with a set of recommendations for generating more effective practical applications of psychology to the field of public policy.
Behavioral Insights for Public Policy: Concepts and Cases
by Kai RuggeriThe first decades of the 21st century have offered a remarkable shift in how policies are made as well as who designs them. Until this period, local, regional, and national policy advisors largely comprised economists, lawyers, and financial experts. But in an era when behavioral scientists are increasingly being asked to demonstrate the impact of their research, many are playing a much greater role in policy making across a range of sectors as a result. Written by a team of authors working across both academia and government, Behavioral Insights for Public Policy is the first textbook to fully examine how psychology can be applied to a range of public policy areas. It addresses a wide variety of topics from the origins of policy as well as major findings from behavioral economics and nudge theory, to large-scale applications of behavioral insights. The compilation is the first of its kind to broadly cover the underlying theory, history, major empirical examples, and practical applications to policy of nudges (or behavioral insights) for teaching and study in higher education. Featuring over 100 empirical examples of how behavioral insights are being used to address some of the most critical challenges faced globally, the book also includes a unique chapter from an organization actively implementing behavioral insights in policies along with various government institutions. Also featuring case studies looking at key policy issues, learning outcomes, a glossary of key terms, and an accompanying website, this important book will be essential reading for any student of applied psychology. It has also been produced for others interested in the topic from social, political, and economic sciences, as well as those in government looking for an overview of the key issues.
Behavioral Integrative Care: Treatments That Work in the Primary Care Setting
by William T. O'Donohue Michelle R. Byrd Nicholas A. Cummings Deborah A. HendersonIntegrated care is arguably one of the most important developments in the delivery of health care over the last few years. This new approach to health care, roughly defined as the provision of behavioral or mental health care in a way that is more coordinated with the primary medical healthcare setting, has the focused goal of providing a more complete care for the patient. This book focuses on three main content areas. Firstly, the treatment of psychological problems in the context of primary medical care will be addressed in several chapters. Secondly, several chapters address co-morbid psychological factors that play a key role in the effective medical management of physical diseases, either acute or chronic. Finally, several chapters address issues relevant to the overall practice of integrated care. This book is intended to extend and bridge the existing literatures of integrated care, behavioral medicine, consultation-liaison psychiatry, medical cost offset, and healthcare economics, by providing a comprehensive and current handbook of the clinical protocols that might be applied to the practice of integrated care.
Behavioral Interactions, Markets, and Economic Dynamics: Topics in Behavioral Economics
by Shinsuke Ikeda Hideaki Kiyoshi Kato Fumio Ohtake Yoshiro TsutsuiThis book collects important contributions in behavioral economics and related topics, mainly by Japanese researchers, to provide new perspectives for the future development of economics and behavioral economics. The volume focuses especially on economic studies that examine interactions of multiple agents and/or market phenomena by using behavioral economics models. Reflecting the diverse fields of the editors, the book captures broad influences of behavioral economics on various topics in economics. Those subjects include parental altruism, economic growth and development, the relative and permanent income hypotheses, wealth distribution, asset price bubbles, auctions, search, contracts, personnel management and market efficiency and anomalies in financial markets. The chapter authors have added newly written addenda to the original articles in which they address their own subsequent works, supplementary analyses, detailed information on the underlying data and/or recent literature surveys. This will help readers to further understand recent developments in behavioral economics and related research.
Behavioral Intervention In Health Care
by Laura B. GordonIn this book, the author presents a behavioral-psychological perspective on intervention in health care, beginning with a definition of behavioral medicine and introducing the related issues of stress and patient compliance.
Behavioral Interventions in Cognitive Behavior Therapy: Practical Guidance for Putting Theory Into Action
by Richard F. Farmer Alexander L. ChapmanAn authoritative introduction to behavior therapy as well as a comprehensive resource for those with a firm background in this area. This book clearly and methodically introduces the behavioral perspective to readers new to cognitive-behavioral therapy, while also applying a fresh lens for connecting theory, research, and practice for more experienced practitioners. Instead of matching interventions with client populations or diagnoses, the authors emphasize a framework and set of principles that are broadly applicable to adult clients. Readers will learn how therapists use a behavioral perspective to conceptualize their clients, their problem areas, and the therapeutic process. The chapters facilitate systematic, coherent, and flexible thinking about people and their behavior, and they offer guidance for addressing both common and novel clinical problems not addressed in standard therapy manuals. This third edition includes: New chapters on problem‑solving therapies, self‑management interventions, and contemporary ethical and professional issues. A renewed focus on interventions for strengthening mindfulness and acceptance skills. Expanded discussions of behavioral case formulation and treatment planning. Extensive updates in clinical research.
Behavioral Interventions in Schools: A Response-to-Intervention Guidebook (School-Based Practice in Action)
by David Hulac Joy Terrell Odell Vining Joshua BernsteinThis book is a how-to manual for school mental health professionals, educators, and administrators that discusses a series of steps that can be used to proactively manage and prevent many different types of behavioral problems in a positive manner. It incorporates both the high structure and high behavioral expectations that are crucial for school success, but also describes following this structure in such a way that students feel included, important, and respected. Rather than requiring the mental health providers to investigate the research themselves and come up with a behavioral problem solving model, this book includes step-by-step guides on how to implement school-wide and classroom-wide interventions in a response-to-intervention format. For those students who demonstrate more behavior problems, more intensive interventions are included to help alleviate those problems. The first section of the book discusses Tier I interventions and assessments designed to ensure that the school is effectively implementing a high quality, research-based behavioral management system. The next section covers Tier II interventions, those used for students who do not respond adequately to those of Tier I. These interventions are research-based, rigorous, and designed to address a broad range of behavior problems. Finally, the last section discusses Tier III interventions for students in need of highly individualized and intensive interventions to manage behavior problems.
Behavioral Issues in Operations Management: New Trends in Design, Management, and Methodologies
by Ilaria GiannoccaroBehavioral Operations Management has been identified in the last years as one of the most promising emerging fields in Operations Management. Behavioral Issues in Operations Management explains and examines up-to-date research in this field, which works to analyze the impact of human behavior on the management of complex operating systems. A collection of studies from leading scholars presents different methodologies and approaches, supported by real data and case studies. Issues such as building trust and strong cooperative relationships with suppliers, enhancing motivation and designing proper incentives for stimulating more effective decision maker behaviours are considered. The main decision-making processes affected by behavioral issues are also analyzed with a focus on new product development, logistics, and supply chain integration. The broad coverage of methodologies and practical implications makes Behavioral Issues in Operations Management an ideal reference for both researchers developing new topics such as NK fitness landscapes and managers with an interest in behavioral management operations.
Behavioral Lateralization in Vertebrates: Two Sides of the Same Coin
by Lucia Regolin Davide CsermelyFunctional lateralization in the human brain was first identified in the classic observations by Broca in the 19th century. Only one hundred years later, however, research on this topic began anew, discovering that humans share brain lateralization not only with other mammals, but with other vertebrates and even invertebrates. Studies on lateralization have also received considerable attention in recent years due to their important evolutionary implications, becoming an important and flourishing field of investigation worldwide among ethnologists and psychologists. The chapters of this book concern the emergence and adaptive function of lateralization in several aspects of behavior for a wide range of vertebrate taxa. These studies span from how lateralization affects some aspects of fitness in fishes, or how it affects the predatory and the exploratory behavior of lizards, to navigation in the homing flights of pigeons, social learning in chicks, the influence of lateralization on the ontogeny process of chicks, and the similarity of manual lateralization (handedness) between humans and apes, our closest relatives.
Behavioral Marketing: Delivering Personalized Experiences at Scale
by Dave WaltersGrow revenue by leveraging behavioral marketing during your next campaign Behavioral Marketing guides you in using relatively new marketing tactics to grow revenue and create process efficiencies. An incredibly valuable text, this book defines the key principles of behavioral marketing—including customer journey mapping, channel-level planning, data capture and hygiene, campaign creation, delivery best practices, and measurement/optimization—and shows you how to fix highly inefficient processes while implementing your next marketing initiative. Within the pages of this resource are the secrets to improving processes and becoming more 'revenue predictable'—things that benefit businesses in virtually any industry. Additionally, this book provides you with case studies that spotlight the successes and challenges experienced by other marketing pros, and offer up key lessons to assist you in sharing their triumphs and avoiding their pitfalls. Behavioral marketing, a term first coined in 2008, has become increasingly important as digital marketing tactics have becoming increasingly popular. This particular facet of marketing focuses on responding to the actions, clicks, and behaviors of both current and prospective customers—and allows you to use this data to adapt your marketing efforts to customer preferences. The results of this dynamic marketing approach are often a more predictable revenue stream and a more efficient marketing department, both of which any business would welcome! Understand the key principles of behavioral marketing Create a more 'revenue predictable' business environment Examine case studies across multiple industries Discover how to achieve revenue growth and process efficiencies with the right behavioral marketing tactics Behavioral Marketing is a unique resource that brings value and insight to all marketing professionals using digital marketing tactics.
Behavioral Medicine: An Evidence-Based Biobehavioral Approach
by Yori GidronThis ambitious book provides the latest research in leading topics of behavioral medicine and evidence-based strategies for its application in solving clinical problems. Each of the book’s clinical chapters, covering a breadth of topics from doctor-patient communication to patient adherence, preparation for surgery and cancer, begins with a clinical case study that guides the reader through the chapter. The author expertly takes the reader through relevant background information, including the epidemiology and medical background of the disease, the psychological predictors of onset or prognosis in the condition, and relevant psychological interventions. The chapters conclude by revisiting the case study with an evidence-based solution that applies the topics discussed to better treat the patient’s body and mind. Included among the topics: Models of stress and methodological considerations in behavioral medicineDoctor-patient communication and increasing patient adherencePsychosocial factors in coronary heart diseasePsychosocial factors and the prognosis of cancerPsychological aspects of health and illness in the elderlyEmergency mental health after traumatic events This depth of clinical guidance and exploration of biobehavioral mechanisms makes Behavioral Medicine: An Evidence-Based Biobehavioral Approach an essential resource for practitioners and practitioners-in-training, including medical students, health psychologists and other professionals in health promotion, disease prevention, psychotherapy and counseling, and primary care medicine.
Behavioral Medicine: A Social Worker's Guide
by John S. WodarskiHealth care costs and the effective management of health care are of primary importance and concern to federal, state, and local governments. Consequently, it is necessary to develop innovative, successful, and integrated cost-effective treatments and procedures. Behavioral Medicine presents a new model to address these needs. Behavioral Medicine discusses the composition of effective psychosocial treatment and presents a cost analysis of social work and its services. By defining the problems that need to be addressed in health care costs and management, applying research and using studies, this text presents an effective model for health care organizations. It also presents a profile of the Behavioral Social Worker, which defines the abilities needed to be effective in the role and looks at the key impact areas for a behavioral health model. This is a comprehensive guide for social workers preparing to work in health care organizations, and for existing social workers, academics, and practitioners of behavioral medicine in health settings.
Behavioral Medicine and Integrated Care: Efficient Delivery Of Effective Treatments
by William T. O’Donohue Melanie P. DuckworthThis evidence-to-practice volume deftly analyzes the processes and skills of integrating mental healthcare with primary care, using multiple perspectives to address challenges that often derail these joint efforts. Experts across integrative medicine offer accessible blueprints for smoothly implementing data-based behavioral interventions, from disease management strategies to treatment of psychological problems, into patient-centered, cost-effective integrated care. Coverage highlights training and technology issues, key healthcare constructs that often get lost in translation, and other knowledge necessary to create systems that are rooted in—and contribute to—a robust evidence base. Contributors also provide step-by-step guidelines for integrating behavioral health care delivery in treating cancer, dementia, and chronic pain. Among the topics covered: The epidemiology of medical diseases and associated behavioral risk factors.Provider training: recognizing the relevance of behavioral medicine and the importance of behavioral health consultations and referrals.Screening for behavioral health problems in adult primary care.Health care transformation: the electronic health record.Meeting the care needs of patients with multiple medical conditions.Smoking cessation in the context of integrated care. This depth of clinical guidance makes Behavioral Medicine and Integrated Care an essential reference for practitioners on all sides of the equation, including health psychologists and other professionals in health promotion, disease prevention, psychotherapy and counseling, and primary care medicine.
Behavioral Medicine Approaches to Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
by Kristina Orth-Gomér Neil SchneidermanCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one killer of men and women in industrialized countries. In older age groups, CVD is also the most important cause for hospitalization, and, in many countries, it is the basis of early retirement from work. Thus, CVD is associated with enormous costs for care and loss of productivity, as well as for disabilities, pensions, etc. All this has motivated clinicians and scientists to develop and implement new methodologies and technologies to better care for patients who are hospitalized for heart disease. Efforts to improve care in the acute phases of coronary heart disease (CHD) have been successful. During the last decade, the immediate mortality risk of a patient admitted to coronary care for a suspected myocardial infarction or other acute coronary syndrome has decreased to less than 10%. Despite these achievements, CVD continues to represent a major threat to the health of middle-aged and elderly men and women. This volume addresses myriad aspects of CHD prevention, including biobehavioral and psychosocial factors, behavioral epidemiology, behavioral intervention models, and policy. The first section of the text provides an introduction to CVD prevention and behavioral medicine. The second section introduces two theoretically different approaches to preventive action, high-risk and population-based strategies. The third section describes and discusses the important questions of how behavioral sciences can be conceptually integrated into traditional, medically based, preventive efforts. The fourth section presents both population and high-risk behavioral intervention approaches. In summary, this volume examines the social environment and its potentials for preventive actions, reviews the psychosocial and biobehavioral mechanisms involved in these effects, and describes concrete and practical implementations of behavioral medicine knowledge as they have been applied to CHD prevention.
Behavioral Methods in Social Welfare: Helping Children, Adults, And Families In Community Settings
by Steven Paul Schinke James. K Whittaker Scott Briar"Behavioral Methods in Social Welfare" offers positive proof that behaviorism has come of age in social work. Steven Paul Schinke and the contributors to this volume are social work practitioners who document their attempts to extend the basic tenets of behavioral psychology from the laboratory, clinic, and classroom to the full range of client groups and social problems that make up the practice of social work. In social work education, traditionally to the extent it appeared in the curriculum at all, behavioral content appeared in electives or in courses not focused on practice. It is a true measure of progress that behavioral methods are now visible, integral component of social work education and practice.The authors of each piece in this collection indicate progress in developing an empirically based approach to social work practice. Despite the impressive documentation contained in the present volume, no conclusive evidence as to the effectiveness of behavioral methods exists. What behavioral methods do offer, however, is a systematic format for both problem intervention and evaluation that, over time, should produce a more empirically based practice. A promising sign, well documented in the present effort, is the facility with which this book has subjected practice procedures to the rigor of research and evaluation.This blending of clinical practice and research develops the sense of competence that student-practitioners acquire in understanding and controlling both the art and science of their clinical practice. Steven Schinke and his colleagues offer a series of "snapshots" of important work in process. Their collective portrait provides a fresh perspective and new stimulus for all social work practice, as well as an affirmation that disciplined, responsive, and sensitive social work intervention can make a difference in the lives of people.
Behavioral Modeling and Predistortion of Wideband Wireless Transmitters
by Fadhel M. Ghannouchi Oualid Hammi Mohamed HelaouiCovers theoretical and practical aspects related to the behavioral modelling and predistortion of wireless transmitters and power amplifiers. It includes simulation software that enables the users to apply the theory presented in the book. In the first section, the reader is given the general background of nonlinear dynamic systems along with their behavioral modelling from all its aspects. In the second part, a comprehensive compilation of behavioral models formulations and structures is provided including memory polynomial based models, box oriented models such as Hammerstein-based and Wiener-based models, and neural networks-based models. The book will be a valuable resource for design engineers, industrial engineers, applications engineers, postgraduate students, and researchers working on power amplifiers modelling, linearization, and design.
Behavioral Modeling And Simulation: From Individuals To Societies
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesToday’s military missions have shifted away from fighting nation states using conventional weapons toward combating insurgents and terrorist networks in a battlespace in which the attitudes and behaviors of civilian noncombatants may be the primary effects of military actions. To support these new missions, the military services are increasingly interested in using models of the behavior of humans, as individuals and in groups of various kinds and sizes. Behavioral Modeling and Simulation reviews relevant individual, organizational, and societal (IOS) modeling research programs, evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the programs and their methodologies, determines which have the greatest potential for military use, and provides guidance for the design of a research program to effectively foster the development of IOS models useful to the military. This book will be of interest to model developers, operational military users of the models and their managers, and government personnel making funding decisions regarding model development.
Behavioral Network Science: Language, Mind, and Society
by Thomas T. HillsBehavioral Network Science explains how and why structure matters in the behavioral sciences. Exploring open questions in language evolution, child language learning, memory search, age-related cognitive decline, creativity, group problem solving, opinion dynamics, conspiracies, and conflict, readers will learn essential behavioral science theory alongside novel network science applications. This book also contains an introductory guide to network science, demonstrating how to turn data into networks, quantify network structure across scales, and hone one's intuition for how structure arises and evolves. Online R code allows readers to explore the data and reproduce all the visualizations and simulations for themselves, empowering them to make contributions of their own. For data scientists interested in gaining a professional understanding of how the behavioral sciences inform network science, or behavioral scientists interested in learning how to apply network science from the ground up, this book is an essential guide.
Behavioral Neurobiology of Aging (Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences #10)
by Marie-Christine Pardon Mark W. BondiThis volume discusses the current state of research findings related to healthy brain aging by integrating human clinical studies and translational research in animal models. Several chapters offer a unique overview of successful aging, age-related cognitive decline and its associated structural and functional brain changes, as well as how these changes are influenced by reproductive aging. Insights provided by preclinical studies in mouse models and advanced neuroimaging techniques in humans are also presented.
Behavioral Neurobiology of Alcohol Addiction (Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences #13)
by Rainer Spanagel Wolfgang SommerThe question how alcohol alters mood states and why this may end up becoming an addiction is puzzling alcohol researchers since decades. In this volume, an assembly of highly distinguished experts and leaders in alcohol addiction research provides lucid presentations of the current knowledge and research challenges as well as interesting viewpoints on future research directions aimed to stimulate communication and convergence between clinical and preclinical researchers, and to renew interest in the vibrant field of alcohol addiction research among a wide scientifically minded audience. Five Current Topics are discussed in this volume: Neurobiological mechanisms of alcoholism, Genetics, Clinical phenotypes and their preclinical models, Brain imaging, and Translational approaches for treatment development, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological. These areas have in our opinion brought alcohol research substantially forward and influenced our thinking about how to reach our common paramount goal, namely to offer effective treatment solutions for an extensive group of patients with largely unmet medical needs.
Behavioral Neurobiology of Anxiety and Its Treatment (Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences #2)
by Murray B. Stein Thomas StecklerThe book aims to cover a broad range of topics related to anxiety disorders, including symptomatology, etiology, epidemiology, diagnostic features, comorbidity, clinical neuroscience, genetics, neuroanatomy, neuroendocrinology, neurochemistry, animal models, translational science, functional neuroimaging, and preclinical and clinical psychopharmacology. The book aims at bringing these disciplines together to provide an update of the field and outlook to the future. Therefore, it will be of use to both the non-clinical and clinical expert, who may use it as a detailed reference book, and the novist to the field, to whom it may serve as an introductory text, providing an overview.
Behavioral Neurobiology of Bipolar Disorder and its Treatment (Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences #5)
by Husseini K. Manji Carlos A. Zarate Jr.This book offers the most up-to-date information about research surrounding the neurobiology of bipolar disorder as well as currently available and novel therapeutic options. The volume has assembled a widely respected group of preclinical and clinical researchers who bring their expertise to bear upon this illness by reviewing cutting-edge research and clinical evidence regarding the pathophysiology and treatment of bipolar disorder. Early chapters review the course and outcome and genetics of this highly heritable condition, including chapters on epigenetics and clinical endophenotypes. Several chapters offer a remarkably thorough and unique overview of the neurobiology of the disorder, including what is known from neuroimaging work and the development of animal models. Finally, the book covers treatment strategies for bipolar disorder, including both traditional and novel therapeutics, as well as non-pharmacological treatments. It offers both researchers and clinicians key insights into this devastating disorder.
Behavioral Neurobiology of Chronic Pain (Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences #20)
by Bradley K. Taylor David P. FinnPain is the most common reason people seek medical help. The treatment of chronic pain is a major unmet clinical need and its impact on health, well-being, society and the economy is immense. Pain is an integrative, whole-systems (patho)physiological phenomenon and behavioural neuroscience plays a key role in advancing our understanding of pain. This volume brings together a series of authoritative chapters written by leading experts in preclinical and clinical aspects of pain neurobiology. Behavioural approaches to the study of persistent or chronic pain in animal models or humans are at the core of the volume, but the anatomical, physiological, neurochemical and molecular mechanisms that underpin behavioural alterations are also emphasized.