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Punishment: A Philosophy and Public Affairs Reader (Philosophy and Public Affairs Readers #2)
by A. John SimmonsThe problem of justifying legal punishment has been at the heart of legal and social philosophy from the very earliest recorded philosophical texts. However, despite several hundred years of debate, philosophers have not reached agreement about how legal punishment can be morally justified. That is the central issue addressed by the contributors to this volume. All of the essays collected here have been published in the highly respected journal Philosophy & Public Affairs. Taken together, they offer not only significant proposals for improving established theories of punishment and compelling arguments against long-held positions, but also ori-ginal and important answers to the question, "How is punishment to be justified?" Part I of this collection, "Justifications of Punishment," examines how any practice of punishment can be morally justified. Contributors include Jeffrie G. Murphy, Alan H. Goldman, Warren Quinn, C. S. Nino, and Jean Hampton. The papers in Part II, "Problems of Punishment," address more specific issues arising in established theories. The authors are Martha C. Nussbaum, Michael Davis, and A. John Simmons. In the final section, "Capital Punishment," contributors discuss the justifiability of capital punishment, one of the most debated philosophical topics of this century. Essayists include David A. Conway, Jeffrey H. Reiman, Stephen Nathanson, and Ernest van den Haag.
The Lockean Theory of Rights (Studies in Moral, Political, and Legal Philosophy #2)
by A. John SimmonsJohn Locke's political theory has been the subject of many detailed treatments by philosophers and political scientists. But The Lockean Theory of Rights is the first systematic, full-length study of Locke's theory of rights and of its potential for making genuine contributions to contemporary debates about rights and their place in political philosophy. Given that the rights of persons are the central moral concept at work in Locke's and Lockean political philosophy, such a study is long overdue.
Unit 416
by J. Leon Pridgen II A. John VinciFive tough as nails men. One hard-assed Sergeant. The only chance to change their lives. These are the men of Unit 416. Push them hard and they push harder. Things are about to get deadly—but with the skill and swagger of Unit 416, no mission is impossible…Born and raised in America’s hardest streets, five men are faced with the ultimate choice: continue their lives of crime and incarceration or serve their country and join the Army. Master Sergeant Keeble is faced with no good choice: be the leader of a new section called Unit 416 or take him and his surgically-repaired leg out of the game for good. At first, all Keeble has to work with is a ragtag group of men with no regard for the rules and a huge chip on their shoulders. But as the men go through training and more together, they form a group so tight, so formidable, that nothing can break them apart. And when a secretive CIA directive leads them straight into the heart of Uzbekistan to infiltrate an arms cartel, Unit 416’s men will need all the grit, tough—and heart—they have in order to see this mission home.
Conducting Psychological Assessment
by A. Jordan WrightA Valuable Guide to the Entire Process of Psychological AssessmentCarefully working through all the phases of assessment, including integrating, conceptualizing, test selection, administering, scoring, and report writing, Conducting Psychological Assessment provides clinicians with a step-by-step methodology for conducting skilled individual assessments, from beginning to end.Unlike most guides to assessment, this book addresses the critical steps that follow administration, scoring, and interpretation--namely the integration of the data into a fully conceptualized report. Rich with case studies that illustrate every major point, this text provides a coherent structure for the entire process, taking into account the imperfection of both clinical intuition and specific psychological tests.Conducting Psychological Assessment presents practitioners with an accessible framework to help make the process of psychological assessment quicker, easier, and more efficient. It offers a model designed to ensure that assessors provide ethical and competent services and make useful contributions to the lives of the individuals they assess.
Conducting Psychological Assessment: A Guide for Practitioners
by A. Jordan WrightPraise for CONDUCTING PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT "This new addition of Wright's useful text is a tour de force. No one else writes more clearly, practically, and helpfully than Wright about psychological assessment—especially about the complex process of case conceptualization. This book should be required reading in every graduate course on psychological assessment." —Stephen E. Finn, PhD, Founder, Center for Therapeutic Assessment "A. Jordan Wright's Conducting Psychological Assessment is a comprehensive step-by-step guide to every aspect of psychological testing and assessment. Blending clinical wisdom with rigorous empirical evidence, the author guides readers though every phase of the assessment process, from selecting appropriate measures and collecting test data through writing assessment reports and providing feedback to clients. Experienced clinicians, early career psychologists, and students will all benefit from this important book; it should be on every clinician's bookshelf." —Robert F. Bornstein, PhD, Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University "Conducting Psychological Assessment (2nd ed) provides a clear, concise, practical guide to essential aspects of clinical assessment. Dr. Wright presents scholarly research, draws on extensive clinical experience, and illustrates his guidelines with rich case examples. Much of this information is typically not included in other assessment books, such as how to select tests, strategies to integrate contradictory data, and how to work with clients who disagree with assessment results. Accordingly, I recommend this to all health professionals involved with clinical assessment." —Gary Groth-Marnat, PhD, ABPP, ABAP
Essentials of Culture in Psychological Assessment (Essentials of Psychological Assessment)
by A. Jordan WrightIntegrate cultural awareness and humility into your psychological assessments In Essentials of Culture in Psychological Assessment, editor Jordan A. Wright curates a collection of invaluable work that helps psychological assessors be more deliberate in acknowledging—and, in some cases, mitigating—the role that culture and cultural experiences can play in the psychological assessment process. It encourages assessors to think about cultural issues as they relate to clients, including the cultural background clients bring with them to the assessment and the oppressive experiences they may have endured. You'll explore the roles that power and privilege might play in the assessment process and the cultural variables that affect the interaction with clients and the process as it unfolds. You'll also discover how culture and oppression can be considered and accounted for throughout the entire lifecycle of a psychological assessment. Readers will also find: Tools and strategies for conducting culture-informed and diversity-sensitive psychological assessment Techniques for understanding the data that arises from clients from various backgrounds Ways to integrate culture into every aspect of psychological assessment Perfect for psychology clinicians of all kinds, Essentials of Culture in Psychological Assessment is a can't-miss resource that will inform, improve, and transform the way you conduct psychological testing and assessment on clients from a variety of cultural backgrounds.
Essentials of Psychological Assessment Supervision (Essentials of Psychological Assessment)
by A. Jordan WrightThe only pocket-size reference on supervising psychological testing and assessment In 2014, the American Psychological Association (APA) adopted a set of guidelines for clinical supervision for health service psychology. While technically covered by these guidelines, supervising clinical psychological assessment includes additional tasks (such as ensuring accurate administration, scoring, and interpretation of tests) and tensions. Supervisors must often instruct supervisees on the data-integration process—which can involve more direct teaching than standard clinical supervision—while encompassing the same interpersonal, therapeutic, and less structured guiding aspects as psychotherapy supervision. It is increasingly common to view clinical supervision in the assessment process and supervision of psychotherapy as two significantly different tasks. Surprisingly, there is very little training and guidance available on appropriate, effective, and beneficial methods of psychological assessment supervision. Essentials of Psychological Assessment Supervision seeks to remedy the lack of literature in this area, offering guidance on supervising psychological testing and assessment. This much-needed guide provides supervisors with authoritative, up-to-date information on guidelines relevant to assessment supervision. Additionally, detailed coverage of supervision of cognitive, personality/emotional, psychoeducational, neuropsychological, forensic, and therapeutic assessments, among others, provide supervisors with guidance and structure in the supervision process. Focusing on practical application, this book offers guidance on topics such as assessment models appropriate in different areas of assessment; diversity issues; evaluation and feedback of supervisee performance; and ethical, legal, and regulatory considerations relevant in each assessment context. An invaluable resource for practitioners, this book: Offers practical advice on supervising a wide range of clinical psychological assessments Includes contributions from experts in their respective subfields Provides guidance on incorporating new American Psychological Association (APA) and Society for Personality Assessment (SPA) guidelines into the supervision process Fills an urgent need for an up-to-date reference on assessment supervision Essentials of Psychological Assessment Supervision is a must-have reference for both psychology practitioners who supervise the assessment process and instructors of psychological testing and assessment.
Essentials of Psychological Tele-Assessment (Essentials of Psychological Assessment)
by A. Jordan Wright Susan Engi RaifordDiscover a comprehensive and practical guide to the use of tele-assessments in psychological testing from two leading voices in psychology. Essentials of Psychological Tele-Assessment delivers a primer on the current state of professional knowledge related to psychological tele-assessment, ranging from the ethical and empirical considerations to the practical applications of tele-assessment procedures. The overarching framework encourages the balancing of the limitations of the current state of the research literature with the very real needs for assessment services to continue, even when in-person procedures are not feasible. This book includes discussion on a broad range of tests and measures, with information related to both the state of the empirical support for tele-tests and measures, with information related to both the state of the empirical support for tele-assessment utilizing them and the practical 'how-to' for administering, scoring and interpreting daa that emerge from them. Additionally, frameworks for integrating the data that emerge from tele-assessment procedures are discussed. The book is applicable to those transitioning to tele-assessment practice and those training in a wide variety of training programs. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: - Practical checklists and information about specific tests must be adapted to the realities of the tele-health environment. - Information about how the resutls of tests should be interpreted differently to account for the tele-health environment. -Case examples and studies to illustrate many of the challenges of working in tele-assessment -Guidance on how to balance the limitations of the state of the empirical literature on the validity of tele-assessment with the real-world needs of clients. Perfect for psychologists and trainees in a variety of health services, including clinical, counseling, school and forensic psychology, Essentials of Psychological Tele-Assessment will also earn a place in the libraries of anyone utilizing or training in cognitive, developmental, neuropsychological, psychoanalytic, psychodynamic, and interpersonal models of psychological assessment.
Handbook of Psychological Assessment
by Gary Groth-Marnat A. Jordan WrightOrganized according to the sequence mental health professionals follow when conducting an assessment, this classic resource covers principles of assessment, evaluation, referral, treatment planning, and report writing. Written in a practical, skills-based manner, the sixth editionprovides guidance on the most efficient methods for selecting and administering tests, interpreting assessment data, how to integrate test scores and develop treatment plans as well as instruction on ways to write effective, client-oriented psychological reports. The latest edition provides through coverage of the most commonly used assessment instruments including the Wechsler Intelligence Scales, Wechsler Memory Scales, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Personality Assessment Inventory, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, NEO Personality Inventory, Rorschach, Thematic Apperception Test, and brief assessment instruments for treatment planning, monitoring, and outcome assessment. In addition, this sixth edition includes: Fully updated with new research and the DSM-5 and ICD-10 New chapter on the NEO Personality Inventory-3. The NEO inventories provide a comprehensive assessment of adult and adolescent personality based on the strongly empirically supported Five Factor Model of personality. New chapter on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI), which has gained both strong empirical support and wide clinical popularity. Includes updated information on the newly developed Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition (WISC-V). The chapter on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory includes coverage of both the MMPI-2 and the MMPI-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) The chapter on the Rorschach discusses both the Comprehensive System and the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS). The "Use with Diverse Groups" sections reflect the more extensive use of assessment for a wide variety of populations and the importance of competently and sensitively working with diverse populations. Greater emphasis on making assessment more user friendly and consumer oriented. This is reflected in suggestions for using everyday language in reports, connecting interpretations to actual client behavior, strategies for wording interpretations in a manner likely to enhance client growth, and the importance of collaborating with clients. The treatment planning and clinical decision making chapter has been completely updated, and the psychological report writing chapter has been updated to include the American Psychological Association and Society for Personality Assessment's current thinking about proficiency in personality assessment.
Advanced Technologies for Smart Agriculture (River Publishers Series in Computing and Information Science and Technology)
by Poonam Tanwar K. Kalaiselvi A. Jose Anand Haider RazaThis book brings new smart farming methodologies to the forefront, sparked by pervasive applications with automated farming technology. New indigenous expertise on smart agricultural technologies is presented along with conceptual prototypes showing how the Internet of Things, cloud computing, machine learning, deep learning, precision farming, crop management systems, etc., will be used in large-scale production in the future. The necessity of available welfare systems for farmers’ well-being is also discussed in the book. It draws the conclusion that there is a greater need and demand today for smart farming methodologies driven by technology than ever before.
Artificial Intelligence-Based System Models in Healthcare
by K. Kalaiselvi A. Jose Anand Jyotir Moy ChatterjeArtificial Intelligence-Based System Models in Healthcare provides a comprehensive and insightful guide to the transformative applications of AI in the healthcare system. This book is a groundbreaking exploration of the synergies between artificial intelligence and healthcare innovation. In an era where technological advancements are reshaping the landscape of medical practices, this book provides a comprehensive and insightful guide to the transformative applications of AI in healthcare systems. From conceptual foundations to practical implementations, the book serves as a roadmap for understanding the intricate relationships between AI-based system models and the evolution of healthcare delivery. The first section delves into the fundamental role of technology in reshaping the healthcare landscape. With a focus on daily life activities, decision support systems, vision-based management, and semantic frameworks, this section lays the groundwork for understanding the pivotal role of AI in revolutionizing traditional healthcare approaches. Each chapter offers a unique perspective, emphasizing the intricate integration of technology into healthcare ecosystems. The second section takes a deep dive into specific applications of AI, ranging from predictive analysis and machine learning to deep learning, image analysis, and biomedical text processing. With a focus on decision-making support systems, this section aims to demystify the complex world of AI algorithms in healthcare, offering valuable insights into their practical implications and potential impact on patient outcomes. The final section addresses the modernization of healthcare practices and envisions the future landscape of AI applications. From medical imaging and diagnostics to predicting ventilation needs in intensive care units, modernizing health record maintenance, natural language processing, chatbots for medical inquiries, secured health insurance management, and glimpses into the future, the book concludes by exploring the frontiers of AI-driven healthcare innovations. Audience This book is intended for researchers and postgraduate students in artificial intelligence and the biomedical and healthcare sectors. Medical administrators, policymakers and regulatory specialists will also have an interest.
Handbook of AI-Driven Threat Detection and Prevention: A Holistic Approach to Security
by Pankaj Bhambri A. Jose AnandIn today’s digital age, the risks to data and infrastructure have increased in both range and complexity. As a result, companies need to adopt cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) solutions to effectively detect and counter potential threats. This handbook fills the existing knowledge gap by bringing together a team of experts to discuss the latest advancements in security systems powered by AI. The handbook offers valuable insights on proactive strategies, threat mitigation techniques, and comprehensive tactics for safeguarding sensitive data.Handbook of AI-Driven Threat Detection and Prevention: A Holistic Approach to Security explores AI-driven threat detection and prevention, and covers a wide array of topics such as machine learning algorithms, deep learning, natural language processing, and so on. The holistic view offers a deep understanding of the subject matter as it brings together insights and contributions from experts from around the world and various disciplines including computer science, cybersecurity, data science, and ethics. This comprehensive resource provides a well-rounded perspective on the topic and includes real-world applications of AI in threat detection and prevention emphasized through case studies and practical examples that showcase how AI technologies are currently being utilized to enhance security measures. Ethical considerations in AI-driven security are highlighted, addressing important questions related to privacy, bias, and the responsible use of AI in a security context. The investigation of emerging trends and future possibilities in AI-driven security offers insights into the potential impact of technologies like quantum computing and blockchain on threat detection and prevention.This handbook serves as a valuable resource for security professionals, researchers, policymakers, and individuals interested in understanding the intersection of AI and security. It equips readers with the knowledge and expertise to navigate the complex world of AI-driven threat detection and prevention. This is accomplished by synthesizing current research, insights, and real-world experiences.
Handbook of Industrial and Business Applications with Digital Twins
by Saravanan Krishnan A. Jose Anand S. SendhilkumarA digital twin represents the indistinguishable digital counterpart of the physical object to simulate, monitor and test with real time synchronization. This book presents the framework and important key aspects of digital twins, including various technologies with coverage of the digital twins in various industry and business applications. It provides a background of modeling and simulation, computer sensor technology and other areas required creating the next wave of digital twins.Features: Presents exclusive material on industrial and business applications of digital twins Includes diversified digital twin applications with use cases Focuses on tools and methods for digital twins, platforms, application domains and industries Emphasizes advances and cutting-edge technologies throughout Reviews artificial intelligence (AI), fog/edge computing, industrial automation, blockchains and the Internet of Things (IoT) This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in cloud computing, simulation, the IoT and computer engineering.
Handbook on Federated Learning: Advances, Applications and Opportunities
by S. Suresh R. Srinivasan Saravanan Krishnan A. Jose Anand R. KavithaMobile, wearable, and self-driving telephones are just a few examples of modern distributed networks that generate enormous amount of information every day. Due to the growing computing capacity of these devices as well as concerns over the transfer of private information, it has become important to process the part of the data locally by moving the learning methods and computing to the border of devices. Federated learning has developed as a model of education in these situations. Federated learning (FL) is an expert form of decentralized machine learning (ML). It is essential in areas like privacy, large-scale machine education and distribution. It is also based on the current stage of ICT and new hardware technology and is the next generation of artificial intelligence (AI). In FL, central ML model is built with all the data available in a centralised environment in the traditional machine learning. It works without problems when the predictions can be served by a central server. Users require fast responses in mobile computing, but the model processing happens at the sight of the server, thus taking too long. The model can be placed in the end-user device, but continuous learning is a challenge to overcome, as models are programmed in a complete dataset and the end-user device lacks access to the entire data package. Another challenge with traditional machine learning is that user data is aggregated at a central location where it violates local privacy policies laws and make the data more vulnerable to data violation. This book provides a comprehensive approach in federated learning for various aspects.
Predictive Analytics in Smart Agriculture
by Saravanan Krishnan Sam Goundar Narayanan Prasanth Christo Ananth A. Jose AnandPredictive Analysis in Smart Agricultureexplores computational engineering techniques and applications in agriculture development. Recent technologies such as cloud computing, IoT, big data, and machine learning are focused on for smart agricultural engineering. The book also provides a case-oriented approach for IoT-based agricultural systems.This book deals with all aspects of smart agriculture with state-of-the-art predictive analysis in the complete 360-degree view spectrum. The book includes the concepts of urban and vertical farming using Agro IoT systems and renewable energy sources for modern agriculture trends. It discusses the real-world challenges, complexities in Agro IoT, and advantages of incorporating smart technology. It also presents the rapid advancement of the technologies in the existing Agri model by applying the various techniques. Novel architectural solutions in smart agricultural engineering are the core aspects of this book. Several predictive analysis tools and smart agriculture are also incorporated.This book can be used as a textbook for students in predictive analysis, agriculture engineering, precision farming, and smart agriculture. It can also be a reference book for practicing professionals in cloud computing, IoT, big data, machine learning, and deep learning working on smart agriculture applications.
Smart Technologies for Sustainable Development Goals: No Poverty
by Saravanan Krishnan A. Jose AnandSustainable Development Goals or SDGs refer to the UN stipulated road-map for development in 17 defined areas, by 2030. It was built on the previously established Millennium Development Goals (MDG). This first volume (SDG-1) deals with eradicating poverty with the help of modern ICT technologies needed to end poverty and create a better society. This much needed book, which is the first of its type to offer a specific focus on the relationship between technology and the SDG-1 goal, will be valuable for all working in the subject of global sustainable development. Global organisations and representatives of governments targeting no poverty share knowledge on these ICT practices to eradicate poverty in all means.
Smart Technologies for Sustainable Development Goals: Zero Hunger
by Saravanan Krishnan A. Jose AnandSustainable Development Goals (SDGs) give the UN a road-map for development, with Agenda 2030 as the target. It was built on the previously established Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This book examines the supporting technologies needed to achieve SDG 2: reducing hunger and creating a better society. This much-needed book, the first of its type to offer a specific focus on the relationship between technology and SDG 2, will be valuable for academics working in the subject of global sustainable development. This book will also be useful for international organisations and representatives, who will be able to share knowledge on technological views to minimise hunger rates.
Sustainable Development Goals: Technologies and Opportunities
by Raghvendra Kumar Saravanan Krishnan A. Jose AnandSustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are goals set by the United Nations to address the global challenges and foster sustainable development and harmony. To effectively achieve these goals, leveraging advanced technologies and engineering techniques is paramount. This edited volume explores the pivotal role of technology and engineering in advancing the SDGs across various sectors such as green energy, water management, healthcare, agriculture, and smart manufacturing. From innovative solutions in clean energy production to precision agriculture and smart cities, technological advancements offer scalable and efficient approaches to tackle complex sustainability issues.
Civetta, Taylor, & Kirby's Critical Care Medicine
by A. Joseph Layon Andrea Gabrielli Mihae Yu Kenneth E. WoodCovering every problem encountered in today’s intensive care unit, this leading critical care textbook presents the knowledge and expertise of more than 350 global experts in this fast-changing field. Beginning with the social aspects of medicine, it then discusses monitoring and organ system pathobiology followed by specific diseases states/syndromes. Each chapter begins with immediate concerns and proceeds to broader-based discussions of relevant pathophysiologic and clinical issues.
Textbook of Neurointensive Care
by William A. Friedman A. Joseph Layon Andrea GabrielliThis updated and refined new edition is the only book to provide a comprehensive approach to the intensive care of neurologically injured patients from the emergency room and ICU through the operating room and post-surgical period. It reviews neuroanatomy, neuroradiology, and neurophysiology, examines the neurological problems most frequently seen in intensive care, and describes the various types of neurosurgery. General issues are discussed, such as cardiac care, fluids and electrolytes, nutrition, and monitoring as well as more specific conditions and complications including elevated intracranial pressure, seizures, and altered mental states.
Textbook of Neurointensive Care: Neuroanatomy, Diagnostic Assessment, Disease Management
by Joshua Levine A. Joseph Layon Andrea Gabrielli Elizabeth Mahanna Gabrielli Kristine H. O’Phelan Monisha A. Kumar Peter Le RouxThis extensively updated edition provides a comprehensive review of intensive care for neurologically injured patients from the emergency room and ICU through the operating room and post-surgical period in two comprehensive volumes. The Editors of this first volume present a comprehensive textbook that incorporates best practice/evidence-based medicine and performance improvement, while it champions the three characteristics needed in our neuro–ICUs: patient and family centered high-quality care, education, and discovery. This volume concentrates on neuroanatomy, diagnostic assessment and disease management, examining the neurological problems most frequently seen in intensive care, and describes the various types of neurosurgery and critical features of the management of patients. General issues are discussed across the textbook, such as cardiac care, fluids and electrolytes, nutrition, and monitoring as well as more specific conditions and complications including elevated intracranial pressure, seizures, and altered mental states. Listening to an injured brain is not easy. It takes knowledge, dedication, and understanding of the critically ill patient and their family. Textbook of Neurointensive Care Volume 1: Neuroanatomy, Diagnostic Assessment, Disease Management provides the reader with a detailed resource for studying this most complex area of medicine. It is thus essential reading for all trainees and professionals in critical care, neurosurgery, anesthesia and neurology.
Textbook of Neurointensive Care: Perioperative Management, Monitoring, Pharmacotherapy
by Joshua Levine A. Joseph Layon Andrea Gabrielli Elizabeth Mahanna Gabrielli Kristine H. O’Phelan Monisha A. Kumar Peter Le RouxThis extensively updated edition provides a comprehensive review of intensive care for neurologically injured patients from the emergency room and ICU through the operating room and post-surgical period in two comprehensive volumes. The Editors of this second volume present a comprehensive textbook that incorporates best practice/evidence-based medicine and performance improvement, while it champions the three characteristics needed in our neuro–ICUs: patient and family centered high-quality care, education, and discovery. This volume concentrates on perioperative management, monitoring and pharmacotherapy, examining the neurological problems most frequently seen in intensive care, and describes the various types of neurosurgery and critical features of the management of patients. General issues are discussed across the textbook, such as cardiac care, fluids and electrolytes, nutrition, and monitoring as well as more specific conditions and complications including elevated intracranial pressure, seizures, and altered mental states. Listening to an injured brain is not easy. It takes knowledge, dedication, and understanding of the critically ill patient and their family. Textbook of Neurointensive Care Volume 2: Perioperative Management, Monitoring, Pharmacotherapy provides the reader with a detailed resource for studying this most complex area of medicine. It is thus essential reading for all trainees and professionals in critical care, neurosurgery, anesthesia and neurology.
Typology of Industrialization Processes in the Nineteenth Century
by A. Joseph PollardThe industrial revolution in Great Britain was the first example of the transition to a modern industrial economy. Certain features of this transition were later copied and modified by other coutries undergoing the same process. This book considers the main similarities and differences in the process of industrialization, grouping the main countries
Lithium Isotopes: A Tracer of Past and Present Silicate Weathering (Elements in Geochemical Tracers in Earth System Science)
by Philip A. Strandmann Mathieu Dellinger A. Joshua WestLithium isotopes are a relatively novel tracer of present and past silicate weathering processes. Given that silicate weathering is the primary long-term method by which CO2 is removed from the atmosphere, Li isotope research is going through an exciting phase. We show the weathering processes that fractionate dissolved and sedimentary Li isotope ratios, focusing on weathering intensity and clay formation. We then discuss the carbonate and silicate archive potential of past seawater δ7Li. These archives have been used to examine Li isotope changes across both short and long timescales. The former can demonstrate the rates at which the climate is stabilised from perturbations via weathering, a fundamental piece of the puzzle of the long-term carbon cycle.
An Archaeology of the Margins: Colonialism, Amazighity and Heritage Management in the Canary Islands (SpringerBriefs in Archaeology)
by A. José Farrujia de la RosaThis book analyses the problematics of archaeological heritage management in the Canary Islands, which are echoed in other parts of the world where the indigenous heritage is under-represented. The present-day management of Canarian archaeological heritage has a very specific and unusual context given that the archipelago is located on the fringes of Europe, belonging to Spain and therefore to the European Unión, but geographically and in terms of early history being part of Africa. From a theoretical perspective, then, the proposed book analyzes issues such as the effects of colonialism and eurocentrism on the management of the archaeological heritage. It also examines the evolutionist and historico-cultural models used to analyze past societies and, ultimately, used to create identities that influence archaeological heritage management itself. From a practical point of view, the book presents a proposal for enhancing the archaeological heritage of the Canary Islands through the creation of archaeological parks (providing some concrete examples in the case of the city of La Laguna) and the active involvement of the local community. Parallel to this, the book considers the Canarian Archipelago as part of a problematic that is not unique to this area but is an example of poor indigenous heritage management overall. It demonstrates how the course of history and the politics of the past still have an excessive influence on the way in which the present-day archaeological heritage is interpreted and managed. Therefore, this book provides an almost unique opportunity for uncovering the history of archaeology within the margins of Europe (in fact, in an African region) and exploring colonial and foreign influences. In many ways it is a mirror of archaeological mainstreams and an exercise in (re)thinking the aim and status of present-day archaeology.