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Handbook of Biopolymer-Based Materials
by Sabu Thomas P. Jyotishkumar Christophe Chassenieux Dominique DurandThis first systematic scientific reference in the area of micro- and nanostructured biopolymer systems discusses in two volumes the morphology, structure, dynamics, properties and applications of all important biopolymers, as well as their blends, composites, interpenetrating networks and gels.Selected leading researchers from industry, academia, government and private research institutions around the globe comprehensively review recent accomplishments in the field. They examine the current state of the art, new challenges, and opportunities, discussing allthe synthetic routes to the generation of both micro- and nano-morphologies, as well as the synthesis, characterization and application of porous biopolymers.An outstanding resource for anyone involved in the fi eld of eco-friendly biomaterials for advanced technologies.
Industrial Moisture and Humidity Measurement
by Jan Wernecke Roland WerneckeMoisture analysis covers a variety of methods for measuring high levels of moisture, as well as trace amounts, in solids, liquids, or gases. There are many applications where trace moisture measurements are indispensable for manufacturing and for process quality assurance. Trace moisture in solids must be controlled for plastics, pharmaceuticals and heat treatment processes. Measurement applications in gases and liquids include, for example, drying processes, hydrocarbon processing, pure gases in the semiconductor industry, natural gas pipeline transport, the conditioning of food and other products.Written by experts with over 20 years of experience in the field, this one-stop guide covers all aspects of these measurements, including both the theory and a wealth of practical know-how. As such, it includes guidelines on installation, on the realization of standards for absolute and relative humidity, verification and traceability measurements, equipment calibration methods and the latest research developments.Backed by numerous case studies, this practical book serves the needs of those working in the industry tasked with performing or developing new techniques and processes for moisture and humidity measurement. As a result, the scientist or engineer has all the information required for accurate, reliable, economically viable and efficient moisture measurement.
Polymer Composites, Nanocomposites
by Sabu Thomas S. K. Malhotra Kuruvilla Joseph M. S. Sreekala Koichi GodaPolymer composites are materials in which the matrix polymer is reinforced with organic/inorganic fillers of a definite size and shape, leading to enhanced performance of the resultant composite. These materials find a wide number of applications in such diverse fields as geotextiles, building, electronics, medical, packaging, and automobiles. This first systematic reference on the topic emphasizes the characteristics and dimension of this reinforcement. The authors are leading researchers in the field from academia, government, industry, as well as private research institutions across the globe, and adopt a practical approach here, covering such aspects as the preparation, characterization, properties and theory of polymer composites. The book begins by discussing the state of the art, new challenges, and opportunities of various polymer composite systems. Interfacial characterization of the composites is discussed in detail, as is the macro- and micromechanics of the composites. Structure-property relationships in various composite systems are explained with the help of theoretical models, while processing techniques for various macro- to nanocomposite systems and the influence of processing parameters on the properties of the composite are reviewed in detail. The characterization of microstructure, elastic, viscoelastic, static and dynamic mechanical, thermal, tribological, rheological, optical, electrical and barrier properties are highlighted, as well as their myriad applications. Divided into three volumes: Vol. 1. Macro- and Microcomposites; Vol. 2. Nanocomposites; and Vol. 3. Biocomposites.
Biomimetic Approaches for Biomaterials Development
by Joao F. ManoBiomimetics, in general terms, aims at understanding biological principles and applying them for the development of man-made toolsand technologies. This approach is particularly important for the purposeful design of passive as well as functional biomaterials that mimicphysicochemical, mechanical and biological properties of natural materials, making them suitable, for example, for biomedical devices oras scaffolds for tissue regeneration.The book comprehensively covers biomimetic approaches to the development of biomaterials, including: an overview of naturally occurringor nature inspired biomaterials; an in-depth treatment of the surface aspects pivotal for the functionality; synthesis and self-assemblymethods to prepare devices to be used in mineralized tissues such as bone and teeth; and preparation of biomaterials for the controlled/sustained release of bioactive agents. The last part reviews the applications of bioinspired materials and principles of design in regenerativemedicine such as in-situ grown bone or cartilage as well as the biomimetic techniques for soft tissue engineering.The comprehensive scope of this book makes it a must-have addition to the bookshelf of everyone in the fields of Materials Science/Engineering, Nanotechnologies / Nanosciences, Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Polymer Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering.
Wissenschaft kommunizieren: Ein Handbuch mit vielen praktischen Beispielen
by Carsten KönnekerDas Buch ist eine systematische Einführung in die Praxis guter Wissenschaftskommunikation. Anhand zahlreicher Beispiele erklärt es, wie Wissenschaftler, Öffentlichkeitsarbeiter und Journalisten unterschiedliche Zielgruppen über Forschung informieren können und dabei die wichtigsten medialen Formate nutzen: Meldungen, Artikel, Kommentare, Vorträge, Interviews, soziale Netzwerke, Weblogs usw. Aus dem Inhalt: - Allgemeine Regeln für gutes Formulieren - Praxis guter Wissenschaftskommunikation: Überschrift, Vorspann, Bildunterschrift, Metaphern usw. - Spezielle mediale Formen: Meldungen, Kommentare, Rezensionen, Vorträge, Interviews usw. - Wissenschaftskommunikation per Internet: Blogs, soziale Netzwerke, die persönliche Webseite - Ausblick: 10 Thesen zur Zukunft der Wissenschaftskommunikation
In-situ Electron Microscopy
by Gerhard Dehm James M. Howe Josef ZweckAdopting a didactical approach from fundamentals to actual experiments and applications, this handbook and ready reference coversreal-time observations using modern scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, while also providing informationon the required stages and samples. The text begins with introductory material and the basics, before describing advancements and applications in dynamic transmission electron microscopy and reflection electron microscopy. Subsequently, the techniques needed to determine growth processes, chemical reactions and oxidation, irradiation effects, mechanical, magnetic, and ferroelectric properties as well as cathodoluminiscence and electromigration are discussed.
Bakterien rüsten auf: EHEC & MRSA
by Gerhard GottschalkEin bemerkenswertes Büchlein; flott zu lesen, hochaktuell und trotzdem unterhaltsam. Gerhard Gottschalk, einer der prominentesten zeitgenössischen Mikrobiologen erklärt hier die Hintergründe der EHEC und MRSA Epidemien. Trotz des ernsten Themas liest sich das Buch leicht und man spürt keinen erhobenen Zeigefinger. Dafür lernt man erstaunliches, z.B. dass das EHEC zu Grunde liegende -harmlose- Darmbakterium Escherichia Coli schon sehr lange auf der Erde existiert und ein vielfaches länger in den Gedärmen von Dinosauriern als denen von Menschen hauste. Auch über MRSA, ein Bakterium mit dem mittlerweile eine erschreckend hohe Anzahl von Patienten in Kliniken konfrontiert wird, erfährt der Leser einiges, vor allem wie sich dieser ursprünglich ebenfalls relativ harmlose Keim zu so einem gefährlichen Dauerbewohner in vielen Krankenhäusern entwickeln konnte, und warum wir solche Schwierigkeiten haben, das Problem in den Griff zu bekommen. Last but not least ist dieses Buch ein schönes Beispiel dafür, dass Evolution kein abstrakter Vorgang in ferner Vergangenheit ist, sondern 'live` unser alltägliches Leben tiefgreifender beeinflussen kann als uns das zuweilen lieb ist.
Magnetoseismology
by Frederick W. Menk Colin L. WatersThis book provides a comprehensive account of magnetoseismology - the tool to monitor space weather. Written by researcher on the forefront of this field, it conveys the physics behind the phenomena and the methods to detect and investigate them, the relevance to communication, power supply and many other critical systems. In addition, it provides computational codes for analysis and evaluation.
Superconductivity in Nanowires: Fabrication and Quantum Transport
by Alexey BezryadinThe importance and actuality of nanotechnology is unabated and will be for years to come. <P><P>A main challenge is to understand the various properties of certain nanostructures, and how to generate structures with specific properties for use in actual applications in Electrical Engineering and Medicine.One of the most important structures are nanowires, in particular superconducting ones. They are highly promising for future electronics, transporting current without resistance and at scales of a few nanometers. To fabricate wires to certain defined standards however, is a major challenge, and so is the investigation and understanding of these properties in the first place. A promising approach is to use carbon nanotubes as well as DNA structures as templates.Many fundamental theoretical questions are still unanswered, e.g. related to the role of quantum fluctuations. This work is tackling them and provides a detailed analysis of the transport properties of such ultrathin wires. It presents an account of theoretical models, charge transport experiments, and also conveys the latest experimental findings regarding fabrication, measurements, and theoretical analysis. In particular, it is the only available resource for the approach of using DNA and carbon nanotubes for nanowire fabrication.It is intended for graduate students and young researchers interested in nanoscale superconductivity. The readers are assumed to have knowledge of the basics of quantum mechanics and superconductivity.
Linear and Nonlinear Rotordynamics: A Modern Treatment with Applications (Wiley Series In Nonlinear Science Ser. #Vol. 11)
by Yukio Ishida Toshio YamamotoA wide-ranging treatment of fundamental rotordynamics in order to serve engineers with the necessary knowledge to eliminate various vibration problems. New to this edition are three chapters on highly significant topics: Vibration Suppression - The chapter presents various methods and is a helpful guidance for professional engineers. Magnetic Bearings - The chapter provides fundamental knowledge and enables the reader to realize simple magnetic bearings in the laboratory. Some Practical Rotor Systems - The chapter explains various vibration characteristics of steam turbines and wind turbines. The contents of other chapters on Balancing, Vibrations due to Mechanical Elements, and Cracked Rotors are added to and revised extensively. The authors provide a classification of rotating shaft systems and general coverage of key ideas common to all branches of rotordynamics. They offers a unique analysis of dynamical problems, such as nonlinear rotordynamics, self-excited vibration, nonstationary vibration, and flow-induced oscillations. Nonlinear resonances are discussed in detail, as well as methods for shaft stability and various theoretical derivations and computational methods for analyzing rotors to determine and correct vibrations. This edition also includes case studies and problems.
Celestial Dynamics
by Rudolf Dvorak Christoph LhotkaWritten by an internationally renowned expert author and researcher, this monograph fills the need for a book conveying the sophisticated tools needed to calculate exo-planet motion and interplanetary space flight. It is unique in considering the critical problems of dynamics and stability, making use of the software Mathematica, including supplements for practical use of the formulae.A must-have for astronomers and applied mathematicians alike.
Handbook of Ultra-Wideband Short-Range Sensing
by Jürgen SachsRanging from the theoretical basis of UWB sensors via implementation issues to applications, this much-needed book bridges the gap between designers and appliers working in civil engineering, biotechnology, medical engineering, robotic, mechanical engineering, safety and homeland security.From the contents:* History* Signal and systems in time and frequency domain* Propagation of electromagnetic waves (in frequency and time domain)* UWB-Principles* UWB-antennas and applicators* Data processing* Applications
Electron Transfer: Mechanisms and Applications
by Shunichi FukuzumiWritten by one of the top scientists in this field, this is a systematic overview of the fundamental concepts and powerful applications. The author presents the central theories and mechanisms in electron transfer, followed by several systems in nature where this is important, while also covering modern green applications. An invaluable resource for graduate students and researchers working in this field in academia and industry.
Applied Homogeneous Catalysis with Organometallic Compounds: A Comprehensive Handbook in Four Volumes
by Matthias Beller Boy Cornils Wolfgang A. Herrmann Rocco PacielloHomogeneous catalysis is the success story of organometallic chemistry. Since the discovery of hydroformylation by O. Roelen in 1938, catalytic applications have paved the way of organometallic compounds in industry. Bulk and fine chemicals, and even natural products are being produced via homogeneous organometallic catalysis. The enormous breadth of this topic in view of both basic research and industrial application is met in this three volume handbook edited jointly by W. A. Herrmann and B. Cornils. The list of contributors reads like a who-is-who in organometallic chemistry and homogeneous catalysis. In this handbook, experts will find the current state-of-the-art in their field and advanced students will benefit from the concise treatment of important catalytic reactions and processes. With its balanced presentation of the truly interdisciplinary topic and its outstanding editor- and authorship, the 'Cornils/Herrmann' is beyond common standards. Now in its second, completely revised and enlarged edition!
Corrosion of Steel in Concrete
by Rob B. Polder Elena Redaelli Bernhard Elsener Luca Bertolini Pietro PedeferriSteel-reinforced concrete is used ubiquitously as a building material due to its unique combination of the high compressive strength of concrete and the high tensile strength of steel. Therefore, reinforced concrete is an ideal composite material that is used for a wide range of applications in structural engineering such as buildings, bridges, tunnels, harbor quays, foundations, tanks and pipes. To ensure durability of these structures, however, measures must be taken to prevent, diagnose and, if necessary, repair damage to the material especially due to corrosion of the steel reinforcement.The book examines the different aspects of corrosion of steel in concrete, starting from basic and essential mechanisms of the phenomenon,moving up to practical consequences for designers, contractors and owners both for new and existing reinforced and prestressed concretestructures. It covers general aspects of corrosion and protection of reinforcement, forms of attack in the presence of carbonation and chlorides,problems of hydrogen embrittlement as well as techniques of diagnosis, monitoring and repair. This second edition updates the contents withrecent findings on the different topics considered and bibliographic references, with particular attention to recent European standards. Thisbook is a self-contained treatment for civil and construction engineers, material scientists, advanced students and architects concerned with the design and maintenance of reinforced concrete structures. Readers will benefit from the knowledge, tools, and methods needed to understand corrosion in reinforced concrete and how to prevent it or keep it within acceptable limits.
Handbook of Ion Chromatography 3 Volume Set
by Joachim Weis Oleg ShpigunAuthored by the true pioneer of this method, this two-volume handbook is the standard reference in the field, unparalleled in its comprehensiveness. As such, it covers every conceivable topic related to the expanding and increasingly important field of ion chromatography. This fourth edition is completely updated and revised to include the latest developments in the instrumentation, with Volume 2 completely rewritten to reflect the current state of applications. Approximately 30% new material.
Nanomachines
by Joseph WangNanomachines represent one of the most fascinating topics in of nanotechnology. These tiny devices provide diverse opportunities towards a wide range of important applications, ranging from targeted delivery of drug payloads to environmental remediation. This book addresses comprehensively the latest developments and discoveries in the field of nano- and microscale machines. It covers the evolution of nanomachines in general from a historical perspective, the fundamental challenges for motion at the nanoscale, different categories of biological and synthetic nano/microscale motors based on different propulsion mechanisms, ways for controlling the movement directionalityand regulated speed, followed by detailed of major areas for which nanomachines has the potential to make a transformational impact. It ends with a futuristic look at nano/microscale machines and into their impact on the society.Key Features:* The only nanomachine introductory textbook currently available.* Written with college graduate level in mind to appeal to a broad interdisciplinary audience.* Covers the fundamental challenges for nanoscale motion.* Covers the latest advances in the design and operaton of a wide range of small-scale machines.* Covers diverse biomedical, environmental and technological applications of nanomachines.* Written in review format with cited articles to cover latest research and developments.
Modern Drying Technology, Process Intensification
by Evangelos Tsotsas Arun S. MujumdarThe five-volume series provides a comprehensive overview of all important aspects of drying technology like computational tools at different scales (Volume 1), modern experimental and analytical techniques (Volume 2), product quality and formulation (Volume 3), energy savings (Volume 4) and process intensification (Volume 5).Based on high-level cutting-edge results contributed by internationally recognized experts in the various treated fields, this book series is the ultimate reference in the area of industrial drying. Located at the intersection of the two main approaches in modern chemical engineering, product engineering and process systems engineering, the series aims at bringing theory into practice in order to improve the quality of high-value dried products, save energy, and cut the costs of drying processes.Volume 5 is dedicated to process intensification by more efficient distribution and flow of the drying medium, foaming, controlled freezing, and the application of superheated steam, infrared radiation, microwaves, power ultrasound and pulsed electric fields. Process efficiency is treated in conjunction with the quality of sensitive products, such as foods, for a variety of hybrid and combined drying processes. Other Volumes and Sets:Volume 1 - Modern Drying Technology, Computational Tools at Different ScalesVolume 1: Diverse model types for the drying of products and the design of drying processes (short-cut methods, homogenized, pore network, and continuous thermo-mechanical approaches) are treated, along with computational fluid dynamics, population balances, and process systems simulation tools. Emphasis is put on scale transitions. Volume 2 - Modern Drying Technology: Experimental TechniquesVolume 2: Comprises experimental methods used in various industries and in research in order to design and control drying processes, measure moisture and moisture distributions, characterize particulate material and the internal micro-structure of dried products, and investigate the behavior of particle systems in drying equipment. Key topics include acoustic levitation, near-infrared spectral imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray tomography, and positron emission tracking. Volume 3 - Modern Drying Technology: Product Quality and FormulationVolume 3: Discusses how desired properties of foods, biomaterials, active pharmaceutical ingredients, and fragile aerogels can be preserved during drying, and how spray drying and spray fluidized bed processes can be used for particle formation and formulation. Methods for monitoring product quality, such as process analytical technology, and modeling tools, such as Monte Carlo simulations, discrete particle modeling and neural networks, are presented with real examples from industry and academia. Volume 4 - Modern Drying Technology: Energy SavingsVolume 4: Deals with the reduction of energy demand in various drying processes and areas, highlighting the following topics: Energy analysis of dryers, efficient solid-liquid separation techniques, osmotic dehydration, heat pump assisted drying, zeolite usage, solar drying, drying and heat treatment for solid wood and other biomass sources, and sludge thermal processing.Available in print as 5 Volume Set or as individual volumes. Buy the Set and SAVE 30%!Also available in electronic formats.
Modern Fluoroorganic Chemistry
by Peer KirschThe second edition of this classic reference work has been completely revised and updated, as well as being enlarged by 20% to reflect the latest developments in synthetic organic fluorine chemistry, taking into account new applications in materials science and medicinal chemistry.The new developments in transition-metal-catalyzed methods for the introduction of fluorine and fluorinated groups are discussed. In addition, new chapters have been added on such important applications as organic electronics (OLEDs) and fluorinated dyes. Appendices containing synthetic procedures and conversions round off this comprehensive work.This work is a valuable reference for fluorine chemists that also provides nonspecialists with an introduction to the field.From reviews of the first edition:''... a well-produced book with attractive graphics, photos and schemes. Throughout the book, coloured electrostatic maps of small organofluorine compounds are used toillustrate charge distributions. These are effective as well as attractive. I would point any organic chemist to this book who wants to learn about and do some fluorine chemistry. It provides uncluttered descriptions and a clear orientation to the literature in this important area of the organic chemistry.''CHEMBIOCHEM - A European Journal of Chemical Biology
Microwaves in Organic Synthesis, 2 Volume Set
by André Loupy Antonio De HozThe third edition of the bestselling two-volume reference covers everything you need to know about microwave technology for synthesis- from the best equipment to nonthermal effects, from solid-support reactions to catalysis. Completely revised and updated with half of the authors completely new to the project, this comprehensive work is clearly divided into two parts on the fundamentals of microwave irradiation, and application of microwaves and synergies with other enabling techniques. Also new to this edition are chapters on on-line monitoring, flow chemistry, combination with ultrasounds and natural products, including multicomponent reactions.An indispensable source for organic, catalytic, physical, and medicinal chemists.
Diffusion in Nanoporous Materials
by Doros N. Theodorou Jörg Kärger Douglas M. RuthvenAtoms and molecules in all states of matter are subject to continuous irregular movement. This process, referred to as diffusion, is among the most general and basic phenomena in nature and determines the performance of many technological processes. This book provides an introduction to the fascinating world of diffusion in microporous solids. Jointly written by three well-known researchers in this field, it presents a coherent treatise, rather than a compilation of separate review articles, covering the theoretical fundamentals, molecular modeling, experimental observation and technical applications. Based on the book Diffusion in Zeolites and other Microporous Solids, originally published in 1992, it illustrates the remarkable speed with which this field has developed since that time. Specific topics include: new families of nanoporous materials, micro-imaging and single-particle tracking, direct monitoring of transient profiles by interference microscopy, single-file diffusion and new approaches to molecular modeling.
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: Drug Discovery and Clinical Applications
by Heribert Warzecha Oliver KayserThis second edition of a very successful book is thoroughly updated with existing chapters completely rewritten while the content has more than doubled from 16 to 36 chapters. As with the first edition, the focus is on industrial pharmaceutical research, written by a team of industry experts from around the world, while quality and safety management, drug approval and regulation, patenting issues, and biotechnology fundamentals are also covered. In addition, this new edition now not only includes biotech drug development but also the use of biopharmaceuticals in diagnostics and vaccinations. With a foreword by Robert Langer, Kenneth J Germeshausen Professor of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering at MIT and member of the National Academy of Engineering and the National Academy of Sciences.
Microcirculation Imaging
by Martin J. LeahyAdopting a multidisciplinary approach with input from physicists, researchers and medical professionals, this is the first book to introduce many different technical approaches for the visualization of microcirculation, including laser Doppler and laser speckle, optical coherence tomography and photo-acoustic tomography. It covers everything from basic research to medical applications, providing the technical details while also outlining the respective strengths and weaknesses of each imaging technique. Edited by an international team of top experts, this is the ultimate handbook for every clinician and researcher relying on microcirculation imaging.
Von Geckos, Garn und Goldwasser: Die Nanowelt lässt grüßen (Erlebnis Wissenschaft)
by Michael GrossThe lotus effect, which keeps leafs free from dirt, or the gecko, which climbs up glass fronts, are examples of nature being the true expert on nanotechnology. Michael Groß gives an impression of this fascinating world and its applications in medicine, technology and daily life.
Graphene
by C. N. Rao Ajay K. SoodSince its discovery in 2004, graphene has been a great sensation due to its unique structure and unusual properties, and it has only taken6 years for a Noble Prize to be awarded for the field of graphene research. This monograph gives a well-balanced overview on all areas ofscientific interest surrounding this fascinating nanocarbon. In one handy volume it offers comprehensive coverage of the topic, includingchemical, materials science, nanoscience, physics, engineering, life science, and potential applications. Other graphene-like, inorganic layered materials are also discussed.Edited by two highly honored scientists, this is an invaluable companion for inorganic, organic, and physical chemists, materials scientists,and physicists.From the Contents:* Synthesis, Characterization, and Selected Properties of Graphene* Understanding Graphene via Raman Scattering* Physics of Quanta and Quantum Fields in Graphene* Graphene and Graphene-Oxide-Based Materials for Electrochemical Energy Systems* Heterogeneous Catalysis by Metal Nanoparticles supported on Graphene* Graphenes in Supramolecular Gels and in Biological Systemsand many more