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Organometallics as Catalysts in the Fine Chemical Industry
by Matthias Beller Hans-Ulrich BlaserJohannes G. de Vries: Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions.- Gregory T. Whiteker and Christopher J. Cobley: Applications of Rhodium-Catalyzed Hydroformylation in the Pharmaceutical, Agrochemical and Fragrance Industries.- Philippe Dupau: Ruthenium-catalyzed Selective Hydrogenation for Flavor and Fragrance Applications.- Hans-Ulrich Blaser, Benoît Pugin and Felix Spindler: Asymmetric Hydrogenation.- Ioannis Houpis: Case Study: Sequential Pd-catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions; Challenges on Scale-up.- Adriano F. Indolese: Pilot Plant Scale Synthesis of an Aryl-Indole - Scale up of a Suzuki Coupling.- Per Ryberg: Development of a Mild and Robust Method for Palladium Catalysed Cyanation on Large Scale.- Cheng-yi Chen: Application of Ring Closing Metathesis Strategy to the Synthesis of Vaniprevir (MK-7009), a 20-Membered Macrocyclic HCV Protease Inhibitor.
Let's do IT: Business-IT-Alignment im Dialog erreichen
by Christa WeidnerWertvolles Potenzial der IT bleibt zu Lasten des ROI in vielen Unternehmen ungenutzt. Doch sicherlich ist die Tatsache, dass die strategisch wichtige Unterstützung für das Business sich nicht voll entfalten kann, noch viel höher zu bewerten, da Marktanteile verloren oder gar nicht erst gewonnen werden. Der vorgestellte Ansatz geht davon aus, dass alles erforderliche Wissen für die beste Lösung bereits in der Organisation vorhanden ist. Dieser meist unentdeckte Schatz des kollektiven Wissens muss nur gehoben werden. Mithilfe von speziellen Methoden wird das kollektive Wissen aufgespürt, um so eine umfassende Liste mit Überlegungen, Anregungen, Konzepten oder Lösungen zu erhalten. Stakeholdermanagement und Change Management sind dabei inklusive. Der Ansatz verspricht, Wertschöpfung und Effizienzsteigerung durch die Einbindung und Motivation der Betroffenen. Die Projekte gewinnen an Planbarkeit und Risiken werden reduziert. Das Projektergebnis entspricht den Anforderungen und unterstützt das Business in optimaler Art und Weise.
Erfolgreiche ERP-Projekte
by Jürgen FingerDie Implementierung von komplexen ERP-Systemen (Enterprise Resource Planning) ist eine Herausforderung für Management und Projektverantwortliche. Dieses "Rezeptbuch" unterstützt nicht nur bei der Auswahl eines geeigneten Standardsystems, sondern schärft auch das Bewusstsein für eine zielstrebige Projektplanung und -abwicklung sowie für eine Intensivierung der Managementfunktion "Organisieren" (Geschäftsprozessoptimierung). Die Einführung von ERP-Systemen, die das gesamte Unternehmen betrifft, verursacht die weitreichendsten Veränderungen für die Mitarbeiter. Aus diesem Grunde wird in diesem Buch die Erkenntnis, dass der Mensch der "Erfolgsfaktor Nummer 1" in ERP-Projekten ist, in zweierlei Weise konsequent besonders zum Ausdruck gebracht: erstens: die Projektverantwortlichen agieren im Sinne einer "wertschätzenden Kommunikation (WSK)" und zweitens: in allen Phasen des Projekts werden die Mitarbeiter ,aktiv' in das Geschehen mit einbezogen, um die Akzeptanz für das "Neue" sukzessive aufzubauen. Auf diese beiden Faktoren wird quer durch die Ausführungen immer wieder hingewiesen.
Technological Change and Skill Development in Sudan
by Samia Mohamed NourWith the ongoing restructuring in Sudan, structural issues such as the need for skill development and interaction with technological change need an in-depth analysis that this book offers. The central themes of this book are- required skill formation, upskilling of the workers, and their interaction with technological change in lieu of a deficient educational system and its implications. An empirical investigation of the causes and consequences of low skill and technology indicators using a primary survey at macro and micro levels is undertaken. This is followed by an examination of the interaction between the low skill and technology indicators, the relationships between skill, upskilling and technology indicators, skills mismatch, the uses and impacts of ICT and differences at firm as well as industry level as well as knowledge transfer effects. A set of recommendations towards the need for implementation of consistent policies, increasing incentives and collaboration between public and private institutions completes the book.
Stardust
by Sun KwokHow did life originate on Earth? For over 50 years, scientists believed that life was the result of a chemical reaction involving simple molecules such as methane and ammonia cooking in a primordial soup. Recent space observations have revealed that old stars are capable of making very complex organic compounds. At some point in their evolution, stars eject those organics and spread them all over the Milky Way galaxy. There is evidence that these organic dust particles actually reached the early Solar System. Through bombardments by comets and asteroids, the young Earth inherited significant amounts of stardust. Was the development of life assisted by the arrival of these extraterrestrial materials? In this book, the author describes stunning discoveries in astronomy and solar system science made over the last 10 years that have yielded a new perspective on the origin of life. Other interesting topics discussed in this book The discovery of diamonds and other gemstones in space The origin of oil Neon signs and fluorescent lights in space Smoke from the stars Stardust in our hands Where oceans come from The possibility of bacteria in space
Orbits
by Guochang Xu Jia XuThe development of the orbits theory lags behind the development of satellite technology. This book provides, for the first time in the history of human satellite development, the complete third order solution of the orbits under all possible disturbances. It describes the theory of satellite orbits, derives the complete solutions of the orbital disturbances, describes the algorithms of orbits determination based on the theory, describes the applications of the theory to the phenomenon of the satellite formation physically. The subjects include: Orbits Motion Equations, Disturbance theory, Solutions of the differential Equations, Algorithms of Orbits determinations, Applications of the theory to the satellite formation.
Profitable Growth: Release Internal Growth Brakes and Bring Your Company to the Next Level
by Alan Weiss Guido QuelleAlmost every company wants to grow - at least officially. Shareholders are demanding further growth and no management team would deny that the growth of their company is one of the top issues they are working on every single day. However, there are barriers to growth, and these are not only external barriers. Most often it is not the economy, not the market and not the customer who just "hasn't got it." The main barriers can be discovered inside every company, because growth always comes from within. If the organization is not ready to grow, initiatives to increase market share, to enter new markets, and/or to increase profitability are destined to fail. This book systematically addresses the main internal barriers to growth and provides practical guidance not only for discovering these barriers, but to systematically overcoming them.
Ultrastructural Plasticity of Cyanobacteria
by Olga I. BaulinaThis book offers an in-depth analysis of the cell biology of cyanobacteria, a group of phototrophic microorganisms performing an important function in the biosphere. The chapters present the author's and her colleagues' pioneering investigations of the ultrastructure of cyanobacteria under high-light and dark conditions, during irradiation by extremely high fluxes of light, in the course of L-transformation and within model associations and natural symbioses with plants. Diverse patterns of ultrastructural change are illustrated in electron micrographs and schematics. The book further introduces a new concept of "bacterial ultrastructural plasticity" - the reversible rearrangement of ultrastructure in response to environmental changes, as a strategy for finding and investigating cell adaptation mechanisms and intraspecies structural diversity of cyanobacteria and other prokaryotes. It serves as a valuable guide for teaching and research in the field of cell biology of microorganisms and plant-cyanobacteria symbioses.
Cortical Connectivity: Brain Stimulation for Assessing and Modulating Cortical Connectivity and Function
by Robert Chen and John C. RothwellThe study and modulation of cortical connections is a rapidly growing area in neuroscience. This unique book by prominent researchers in the field covers recent advances in this area. The first section of the book describes studies of cortical connections, modulation of cortical connectivity and changes in cortical connections with activities such as motor learning and grasping in primates. The second section covers the use of non-invasive brain stimulation to study and modulate cortical connectivity in humans. The last section describes changes in brain connectivity in neurological and psychiatric diseases, and potential new treatments that manipulate brain connectivity. This book provides an up-to-date view of the study of cortical connectivity, and covers its role in both fundamental neuroscience and potential clinical applications.
Einführung in die experimentelle Wirtschaftsforschung
by Joachim Weimann Jeannette Brosig-KochDieses Lehrbuch bietet einen Überblick zu den methodischen Grundlagen der experimentellen Wirtschaftsforschung, insbesondere dem Experimentdesign, der Experimentdurchführung, der Auswertung von Experimentdaten und nicht zuletzt der Gestaltung eines Experimentallabors. Die experimentelle Wirtschaftsforschung ist seit geraumer Zeit fester Bestandteil der ökonomischen Wissenschaft und findet auch in angrenzenden Disziplinen immer mehr Beachtung. Das Buch zeigt die Herausforderungen auf, die mit dem Design und der Durchführung von Experimenten verbunden sind, und vermittelt intuitiv und leicht verständlich, wie man ihnen begegnen kann. Auf diese Weise werden Leserinnen und Leser in die Lage versetzt, sich mit der Methodik vertraut zu machen, und darauf hingewiesen, wann im Bedarfsfall ein Studium weiterführender Literatur notwendig ist.Ausgehend von einer allgemeinen Einordnung von Experimenten in die Methodenlandschaft und den dogmengeschichtlichen Hintergrund werden methodische Grundsätze der experimentellen Forschung diskutiert. Daran anschließend finden Leserinnen und Leser einen konkreten Leitfaden für die Gestaltung von Laboren und die Durchführung von Experimenten. Wichtige Grundsätze zur Auswertung der Experimentdaten runden das Buch ab.
Einführung in die experimentelle Wirtschaftsforschung
by Joachim Weimann Jeannette Brosig-KochDieses Lehrbuch bietet einen Überblick zu den methodischen Grundlagen der experimentellen Wirtschaftsforschung, insbesondere dem Experimentdesign, der Experimentdurchführung, der Auswertung von Experimentdaten und nicht zuletzt der Gestaltung eines Experimentallabors. Die experimentelle Wirtschaftsforschung ist seit geraumer Zeit fester Bestandteil der ökonomischen Wissenschaft und findet auch in angrenzenden Disziplinen immer mehr Beachtung. Das Buch zeigt die Herausforderungen auf, die mit dem Design und der Durchführung von Experimenten verbunden sind, und vermittelt intuitiv und leicht verständlich, wie man ihnen begegnen kann. Auf diese Weise werden Leserinnen und Leser in die Lage versetzt, sich mit der Methodik vertraut zu machen, und darauf hingewiesen, wann im Bedarfsfall ein Studium weiterführender Literatur notwendig ist.Ausgehend von einer allgemeinen Einordnung von Experimenten in die Methodenlandschaft und den dogmengeschichtlichen Hintergrund werden methodische Grundsätze der experimentellen Forschung diskutiert. Daran anschließend finden Leserinnen und Leser einen konkreten Leitfaden für die Gestaltung von Laboren und die Durchführung von Experimenten. Wichtige Grundsätze zur Auswertung der Experimentdaten runden das Buch ab.
Principles of Miniaturized ExtraCorporeal Circulation
by Helena Argiriadou Polychronis Antonitsis Kyriakos AnastasiadisMinimal extracorporeal circulation (MECC) systems have been designed in order to reduce dramatically the side-effects of conventional extracorporeal circulation while serving as a safe perfusion technique for open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. The book aims to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview covering practical advice on how to use MECC systems for those new to the field as well as tips, pitfalls, results, and latest developments. It also offers a systematic review of all published studies on a variety of MECC systems. The book will enable physicians to gain a better understanding of these new systems as well as to understand the rationale for their use in cardiac surgery. MECC requires a multidisciplinary approach, and this book will serve as an essential reference for all health care professionals working in the cardiac surgical operating room, in particular cardiothoracic surgeons, anesthesiologists, and perfusionists
Applications of Density Functional Theory to Chemical Reactivity (Structure and Bonding #149)
by D. Michael Mingos Mihai V. PutzThe series Structure and Bonding publishes critical reviews on topics of research concerned with chemical structure and bonding. The scope of the series spans the entire Periodic Table and addresses structure and bonding issues associated with all of the elements. It also focuses attention on new and developing areas of modern structural and theoretical chemistry such as nanostructures, molecular electronics, designed molecular solids, surfaces, metal clusters and supramolecular structures. Physical and spectroscopic techniques used to determine, examine and model structures fall within the purview of Structure and Bonding to the extent that the focus is on the scientific results obtained and not on specialist information concerning the techniques themselves. Issues associated with the development of bonding models and generalizations that illuminate the reactivity pathways and rates of chemical processes are also relevant. The individual volumes in the series are thematic. The goal of each volume is to give the reader, whether at a university or in industry, a comprehensive overview of an area where new insights are emerging that are of interest to a larger scientific audience. Thus each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years should be presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. A description of the physical basis of the experimental techniques that have been used to provide the primary data may also be appropriate, if it has not been covered in detail elsewhere. The coverage need not be exhaustive in data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the new principles being developed that will allow the reader, who is not a specialist in the area covered, to understand the data presented. Discussion of possible future research directions in the area is welcomed. Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Readership: research scientists at universities or in industry, graduate students Special offer For all customers who have a standing order to the print version of Structure and Bonding, we offer free access to the electronic volumes of the Series published in the current year via SpringerLink.
Applications of Density Functional Theory to Biological and Bioinorganic Chemistry (Structure and Bonding #150)
by Mihai V. Putz D Michael MingosThe series Structure and Bonding publishes critical reviews on topics of research concerned with chemical structure and bonding. The scope of the series spans the entire Periodic Table and addresses structure and bonding issues associated with all of the elements. It also focuses attention on new and developing areas of modern structural and theoretical chemistry such as nanostructures, molecular electronics, designed molecular solids, surfaces, metal clusters and supramolecular structures. Physical and spectroscopic techniques used to determine, examine and model structures fall within the purview of Structure and Bonding to the extent that the focus is on the scientific results obtained and not on specialist information concerning the techniques themselves. Issues associated with the development of bonding models and generalizations that illuminate the reactivity pathways and rates of chemical processes are also relevant. The individual volumes in the series are thematic. The goal of each volume is to give the reader, whether at a university or in industry, a comprehensive overview of an area where new insights are emerging that are of interest to a larger scientific audience. Thus each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years should be presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. A description of the physical basis of the experimental techniques that have been used to provide the primary data may also be appropriate, if it has not been covered in detail elsewhere. The coverage need not be exhaustive in data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the new principles being developed that will allow the reader, who is not a specialist in the area covered, to understand the data presented. Discussion of possible future research directions in the area is welcomed. Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Readership: research scientists at universities or in industry, graduate students Special offer For all customers who have a standing order to the print version of Structure and Bonding, we offer free access to the electronic volumes of the Series published in the current year via SpringerLink.
Law and Practice of Foreign Arbitration and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards in Pakistan
by Ahmad Ali GhouriPakistan has recently reformed its arbitration laws and laws on the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitration agreements and awards. These reforms relate to both international commercial and investment arbitration. This book highlights the changes brought about by the recent enactments and explains the relationships between the old and new legislation. It provides a detailed and up-to-date analysis of Pakistani case law on foreign arbitration agreements and awards. Part I describes the background of arbitration laws in Pakistan. Part II explains the applicable substantive and procedural rules for the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitration agreements and awards and other important issues, such as the severability of arbitration clauses from main agreements, questions of public policy, and interim measures supporting foreign arbitration. Part III analyses the recent enactments that implement the New York and the ICSID Conventions in Pakistan.
Blastocystis: An Evaluation of 101 Years of Research (Parasitology Research Monographs #4)
by Heinz Mehlhorn Hisao Yoshikawa Kevin S. TanThe stages of Blastocystis have been known for 101 years. However, many facts are still disputed, e.g. even the question whether it is a true pathogen or a commensal present in sometimes life-threatening diarrheas. The present book evaluates in chapters contributed by renowned researchers the latest findings on: *Landmarks in the discovery of Blastocystis *Epidemiology, transmission and zoonotic potential *Morphology of human and animal Blastocystis isolates *Clinical aspects of Blastocystis infections *Behavioral decision analysis: what makes us sick? *Blastocystis-host interactions *Molecular approaches on the systematical position *Genetic polymorphism *Blastocystis from a statistical point of view *Diarrheas due to different agents of disease *Zoonotic diseases in comparison As such, this book provides a broad range of information for people working in this field, for physicians and veterinarians who are confronted with clinical cases, teachers, students and technical staff members in the fields of microbiology, parasitology and diagnostic methods.
Pretreatment Techniques for Biofuels and Biorefineries
by Zhen FangThis book includes 19 chapters contributed by the world's leading experts on pretreatment methods for biomass. It extensively covers the different types of biomass (e.g. molasses, sugar beet pulp, cheese whey, sugarcane residues, palm waste, vegetable oil, straws, stalks and wood), various pretreatment approaches (e.g. physical, thermal, chemical, physicochemical and biological) and methods that show the subsequent production of biofuels and chemicals such as sugars, ethanol, extracellular polysaccharides, biodiesel, gas and oil. In addition to traditional methods such as steam, hot-water, hydrothermal, diluted-acid, organosolv, ozonolysis, sulfite, milling, fungal and bacterial, microwave, ultrasonic, plasma, torrefaction, pelletization, gasification (including biogas) and liquefaction pretreatments, it also introduces and discusses novel techniques such as nano and solid catalysts, organic electrolyte solutions and ionic liquids. This book offers a review of state-of-the-art research and provides guidance for the future paths of developing pretreatment techniques of biomass for biofuels, especially in the fields of biotechnology, microbiology, chemistry, materials science and engineering. It intends to provide a systematic introduction of pretreatment techniques. It is an accessible reference work for students, researchers, academicians and industrialists in biorefineries. Zhen Fang is a Professor of Bioenergy and the leader and founder of the biomass group at the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is also an adjunct full Professor of Life Sciences at the University of Science and Technology of China.
Organizations’ Environmental Performance Indicators
by Jorge Marx Gómez Ali Dada Katarina StanoevskaThe book provides a collection of individual chapters from the participants in the OEPI project, which represent a mix of academic and practical chapters and contributions. The first part of the book is dedicated to a theoretical introduction to Organisations' Environmental Performance Indicators and to a state-of-the-art overview in literature and practice. The second part of the book contains several chapters describing information systems and their components supporting the management of Environmental Performance Indicators, especially in inter-organizational contexts. The third part is dedicated to three case studies from practice, and the book concludes with part four, in which practical guidelines for the innovative management of Environmental Performance indicators in organizations and in inter-organizational contexts are presented.
Earth Observation of Global Changes (EOGC)
by Jukka M. Krisp Liqiu Meng Roland Pail Uwe StillaThis book provides a collection of selected articles that have been submitted to the Earth Observation and Global Changes (EOGC2011) Conference. All articles have been carefully reviewed by an international board of top-level experts. The book covers a wide variety of topics including Physical Geodesy, Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, High-Resolution and Fast-Revisiting Remote Sensing Satellite Systems, Global Change & Change Detection, Spatial Modelling, GIS & Geovisualization. The articles document concrete results of current studies related to Earth Sciences. The book is intended for researchers and experts working in the area of Spatial Data Analysis, Environmental Monitoring/Analysis, Global Change Monitoring and related fields.
Religionsfreiheit - Menschenrecht oder Toleranzgebot?
by Paul TiedemannDer Autor diskutiert in dem Buch die Frage, ob die Religionsfreiheit nach philosophisch gerechtfertigten Maßstäben tatsächlich ein Menschenrecht ist oder ob es sich eher um ein - vor allem geschichtlich zu erklärendes - Toleranzgebot handelt.
Vorrichtungen im Werkzeugmaschinenbau
by Bozina PerovicDieses leicht verständliche, wissenschaftlich fundierte Buch wendet sich an Konstrukteure und Studierende; es behandelt sämtliche Gebiete des Positionierens und Spannens eines Werkstücks. Werkstücke werden in Vorrichtungen positioniert, gehalten und gespannt und gegebenenfalls geführt. So vielfältig wie das Einsatzgebiet der Vorrichtungen sind auch ihre konstruktiven Ausführungen und die Gestaltung von Spannelementen, Spannwerkzeugen und Vorrichtungsteilen. Durch die wachsende Automatisierung gewinnt der Einsatz von Vorrichtungen ständig an Bedeutung. Der Autor behandelt die Grundlagen zur optimalen Berechnung und Konstruktion von Vorrichtungen. Besonderen Wert legt er auf die theoretischen Grundlagen für das Bestimmen und Spannen des Werkstücks in der Vorrichtung mit vielen Berechnungs- und Konstruktionsbeispielen und auf die Darstellung aller Spannelemente und Spannwerkzeuge. Für die dargestellten Elemente und Werkzeuge werden nach Möglichkeit DIN- und Werksnormen von Herstellerfirmen angegeben. Diese Kenntnisse ermöglichen es, für alle gestellten Aufgaben eine Vorrichtung optimal und schnell zu berechnen und zu konstruieren. Der Anhang enthält Berechnungsformeln, Firmenverzeichnis, verwendete DIN-Normen und verwendete Werksnormen.
Business Technology Organization: Managing Digital Information Technology for Value Creation - The SIGMA Approach
by Vincenzo MorabitoIn this book the author aims to describe the path from Information Technology to Information Management and Information Governance. This path allows organizations to identify IT Business Value and take advantage of it. The book synthesizes the main approaches that have emerged in recent years, compares these approaches along multiple variables, and finally proposes an advanced and new approach to Information Governance, based on the concept of Organizational Absorptive Capacity. Furthermore, the book presents a new approach to Information Management: the SIGMA (Strategic Information Governance Modelling and Assessment) approach. The new approach is centered on information as a key factor allowing integration between IT applications, organizational capabilities and business strategy. In particular, the Absorptive Capacity concept is presented and discussed: this concept represents the ability of an organization to maintain and absorb the potential of information and IT investments. After having presented and discussed the model, we also provide the reader with a brief presentation of how the SIGMA approach should be applied in companies. The book adopts a scientific approach to ensure methodological rigour; however, it is also concrete and describes problems from the viewpoints of managers, adopting a clear and easy-to-understand language in order to capture the interest of top managers and graduate students.
The Biology of Hover Wasps
by Stefano TurillazziThis book represents the culmination of the author's lifetime work on a single fascinating group of insects, the hover wasps, Stenogastrinae. The author explores the biology of these little-known wasps at the threshold of sociality, presenting an ambitious survey of ideas about their evolution and an assessment of the current standing of controversial concepts. Following taxonomic and morphological descriptions, the behaviour, colonial dynamics, social communication and especially the remarkably diverse nests of wasps are discussed. Compared to the better-known species of paper wasps, hornets and yellow jackets, the hover wasps show various peculiarities, such as characteristics of immature brood rearing, nest defence and mating systems. The nest architecture probably presents the most variable solutions in social wasps and is characterized by an astonishing level of camouflage, making these insects an interesting example of special adaptation to forest environments.
Im Fokus: Strategien der Evolution
by Nadja Podbregar Dieter LohmannIst die Evolution immer ein Erfolgsmodell? Bringt sie stets ideal an ihre Umwelt angepasste Organismen hervor? Sind geniale Strategien ihr Kennzeichen? Zumindest bei einigen Lebewesen spricht alles dafür: So überleben manche Mikroben selbst in ätzenden Säuretümpeln und viele Tiere trotzen selbst glühendem Wüstenwind oder arktischen Frösten. Manchmal allerdings scheinen der Evolution auch Pannen unterlaufen zu sein: Weibchen von Spinnen und Schrecken bringen regelmäßig ihre Männchen um, Ameisen entpuppen sich als Sklavenhalter und Wale verlieren immer wieder ihre Orientierung. Doch trotz dieser scheinbaren Fehlentwicklungen haben es auch diese Organismen geschafft zu überleben und sich auf Dauer auf der Erde zu halten - zum Teil seit Millionen von Jahren. Andere dagegen blieben auf der Strecke. Was aber ist das Rezept für Erfolg oder Misserfolg in der Natur? Dieses Buch beleuchtet die Mechanismen der Evolution, die Meister und Versager hervorbringt. Naturwissenschaften im Fokus - Reihenherausgeber: Harald Frater
Methode der Dimensionsreduktion in Kontaktmechanik und Reibung
by Valentin L. Popov Markus HeßDas Werk beschreibt erstmalig in einer geschlossenen Form eine Simulationsmethode zur schnellen Berechnung von Kontakteigenschaften und Reibung zwischen rauen Oberfl#65533;chen. Im Unterschied zu bestehenden Simulationsverfahren basiert die Methode der Dimensionsreduktion (MDR) auf einer exakten Abbildung verschiedener Klassen von dreidimensionalen Kontaktproblemen auf Kontakte mit eindimensionalen Bettungen. Innerhalb der MDR wird jedoch nicht nur die Dimension von drei auf eins reduziert, sondern gleicherma#65533;en sind voneinander unabh#65533;ngige Freiheitsgrade gegeben. Die MDR beinhaltet daher eine enorme Reduktion sowohl der Entwicklungszeit f#65533;r die numerische Implementierung von Kontaktproblemen als auch der direkten Rechenzeit und kann letztlich in der Tribologie eine #65533;hnliche Rolle einnehmen wie FEM in der Strukturmechanik oder bekannte CFD-L#65533;ser in der Hydrodynamik. Dar#65533;ber hinaus erleichtert sie in hohem Ma#65533;e analytische Berechnungen und bietet eine Art "Taschenausgabe" der gesamten Kontaktmechanik. Messungen der Rheologie der kontaktierenden K#65533;rper sowie ihrer Oberfl#65533;chentopographie und Adh#65533;sionseigenschaften finden unmittelbaren Eingang in die Berechnung. Insbesondere ist es m#65533;glich, die gesamte Dynamik des Systems - beginnend mit der makroskopischen Systemdynamik #65533;ber die makroskopische, dynamische Kontaktberechnung bis hin zum Einfluss der Rauheit - in einem numerischen Simulationsmodell zu erfassen. Die MDR erlaubt demnach die Vereinigung der charakteristischen Abl#65533;ufe verschiedener Skalen. Zielsetzung des Buches ist es, einerseits die Berechtigung und Zuverl#65533;ssigkeit der Methode zu belegen, andererseits ihre #65533;u#65533;erst einfache Handhabung interessierten Praktikern zu erkl#65533;ren.