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Late Transition Metal-Carboryne Complexes
by Zaozao QiuZaozao Qiu shows in this thesis that transition metals can mediate or catalyze the cycloaddition or coupling reactions of carboryne with alkynes or alkenes to afford benzocarboranes, alkenylcarboranes or dihydrobenzocarboranes. These results represent powerful strategies to assemble useful complex molecules from very simple precursors in a single operation. Carboranes have many applications in medicine. However, their unique structures make derivatization difficult and the limited efficient synthetic methods to obtain functional carborane materials have restricted applications of carboranes within a narrow scope. This work breaks a new ground in metal-carboryne chemistry and will have a significant impact on synthetic, cluster and materials chemistry.
Advances in Real-Time Systems
by Jörg Eberspächer Samarjit ChakrabortyThis volume contains the lectures given in honor to Georg Färber as tribute to his contributions in the area of real-time and embedded systems. The chapters of many leading scientists cover a wide range of aspects, like robot or automotive vision systems or medical aspects.
Energie
by Viktor Wesselak Thomas SchabbachUnser heutiges Energiesystem befindet sich in der Krise: Der wachsende Verbrauch natürlicher Ressourcen stößt an seine objektive Grenze. In dieser kompakten Darstellung werden die technischen, ökologischen und gesellschaftlichen Herausforderungen an ein zukunftsfähiges Energiesystem herausgearbeitet und gut lesbar vermittelt. Mit diesem Band aus der Reihe "Technik im Fokus" finden Leser einen leichten Einstieg in die Thematik, eine tiefgehendere Diskussion von System- und auch Technologiefragen bieten weitere Bände derselben Reihe.
Innovation durch Management des Informellen
by Markus Bürgermeister Fritz Böhle Stephanie PorschenIn diesem Buch zeigen die Autoren, wo die Erfolgspotenziale bei Organisationen liegen und wie sie mithilfe von Managementstrategien sowie Organisations-, Personal- und Kompetenzentwicklungskonzepten realisiert werden können. Die im Verbundprojekt KES-MI (www.kes-mi.de) erarbeiteten Instrumente zielen darauf ab, Unbestimmtheit und Offenheit als Charakteristika innovativer Arbeitsprozesse nicht nur zuzulassen, sondern diese Eigenschaften als Potenzial zur Steigerung der Innovationsfähigkeit zu nutzen und zu fördern.
Im Fokus: Entdecker
by Nadja Podbregar Dieter LohmannWährend es heute auf der Landkarte unserer Erde kaum noch weißen Flecken gibt, waren im 13. Jahrhundert weite Teile "Terra incognita". Licht ins Dunkel brachten erst die Entdecker und Seefahrer - angetrieben von Forschergeist und vom Streben nach Macht und Reichtum. In dem Buch werden auf ebenso spannende wie amüsante Weise ihre wichtigsten Stationen geschildert: Leser begleiten Marco Polo ins alte China und Magellan, als er zum ersten Mal die Welt umsegelt; Kolumbus bei der (Wieder-)Entdeckung Amerikas und Robert Peary beim Wettlauf zum Nordpol.
Im Fokus: Neurowissen
by Nadja Podbregar Dieter LohmannKönnen wir im Schlaf lernen? Wie weit reicht der Einfluss der Hormone? Und wodurch wird bestimmt, ob wir hochbegabt sind? Im Zentrum dieser Fragen steht unser Gehirn. In den letzten Jahren sind Neurowissenschaftler immer tiefer in die Struktur und Physiologie des Gehirns vorgedrungen. Sie entdeckten neue, überraschende Zusammenhänge und Wechselwirkungen, die auch unser Bild von uns selbst ständig verändern. Dieses Buch nimmt Leser mit auf eine Erkundungsreise zu faszinierenden und rätselhaften Phänomenen unseres Denkens, Fühlens und Bewusstseins.
Kernenergie
by Julia Neles Christoph PistnerKnapp und klar arbeitet der Autor die Grundlagen zum Verständnis der Kernenergie heraus und ermöglicht Lesern damit einen leichten Einstieg ins Thema. Dabei vermittelt er nicht nur die technisch-wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen in allgemein verständlicher und umfassender Weise, sondern befasst sich auch mit den gesellschaftspolitischen Fragen der Sicherheit, der Entsorgung und der nuklearen Abrüstung. Der Band bietet die Möglichkeit, die aktuellen Entwicklungen nach der Reaktorkatastrophe in Fukushima einzuordnen und zu reflektieren.
Kernenergie: Eine Technik für die Zukunft? (Technik im Fokus)
by Christoph Pistner Julia Mareike NelesKnapp und klar arbeitet der Autor die Grundlagen zum Verständnis der Kernenergie heraus und ermöglicht Lesern damit einen leichten Einstieg ins Thema. Dabei vermittelt er nicht nur die technisch-wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen in allgemein verständlicher und umfassender Weise, sondern befasst sich auch mit den gesellschaftspolitischen Fragen der Sicherheit, der Entsorgung und der nuklearen Abrüstung. Der Band bietet die Möglichkeit, die aktuellen Entwicklungen nach der Reaktorkatastrophe in Fukushima einzuordnen und zu reflektieren.
Mathematik kompakt
by Rainer Schwenkert Yvonne StryDas kompakte einbändige Werk bietet eine aktuelle Stoffauswahl mit Themen wie Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung und Statistik, dafür wird auf überflüssige Beweise verzichtet. Die Autoren präsentieren den gesamten Stoff in einem anschaulichen, aufgelockerten Stil - mit Zusammenfassungen und Verständnistests zu jedem Kapitel, Randnotizen für die schnelle Orientierung, Beispielen und Anwendungen sowie zahlreichen Übungsaufgaben mit Lösungen. Ergänzendes Material wie Folien und kommentierte Lösungen stehen im Internet zum Download bereit.
Economics and the Interpretation and Application of U.S. and E.U. Antitrust Law: Volume II
by Richard S. MarkovitsVolume 2 uses the economic and legal concepts/theories of Volume 1 to (1) analyze the U.S. and E.U. antitrust legality of mergers, joint ventures, and the pricing-technique and contractual/sales-policy distributor-control surrogates for vertical integration and (2) assess related positions of scholars and U.S. and E.U. antitrust officials. Its analysis of horizontal mergers (1) delineates non-market-oriented protocols for determining whether they manifest specific anticompetitive intent, would lessen competition, or are rendered lawful by the efficiencies they would generate, (2) criticizes the U.S. courts’ traditional market-share/market-concentration protocol, the HHI-oriented protocols of the 1992 U.S. DOJ/FTC Guidelines and the European Commission (EC) Guidelines, and the various non-market-oriented protocols the DOJ/FTC have increasingly been using, (3) argues that, although the 2010 U.S. Guidelines and DOJ/FTC officials discuss market definition as if it matters, those Guidelines actually reject market-oriented approaches, and (4) reviews the relevant U.S. and E.U. case-law. Its analysis of conglomerate mergers (1) shows that they can perform the same legitimate and competition-increasing functions as horizontal mergers and can yield illegitimate profits and lessen competition by increasing contrived oligopolistic pricing and retaliation barriers to investment, (2) analyzes the determinants of all these effects, and (3) assesses limit-price theory, the toe-hold-merger doctrine, and U.S. and E.U. case-law. Its analysis of vertical conduct (1) examines the legitimate functions of each type of such conduct, (2) delineates the conditions under which each manifests specific anticompetitive intent and/or lessens competition, and (3) assesses related U.S. and E.U. case-law and DOJ/FTC and EC positions. Its analysis of joint ventures (1) explains that they violate U.S. law only when they manifest specific anticompetitive intent while they violate E.U. law either for this reason or because they lessen competition, (2) discusses the meaning of an “ancillary restraint” and demonstrates that whether a joint-venture agreement would be illegal if it imposed no restraints and whether any restraints imposed are ancillary can be determined only through case-by-case analysis, (3) explains why scholars and officials overestimate the economic efficiency of R&D joint ventures, and (4) discusses related U.S. and E.U. case-law and DOJ/FTC and EC positions. The study’s Conclusion (1) reviews how its analyses justify its innovative conceptual systems and (2) compares U.S. and E.U. antitrust law as written and as applied.
Economics and the Interpretation and Application of U.S. and E.U. Antitrust Law: Volume I
by Richard S. MarkovitsThis volume (1) defines the specific-anticompetitive-intent, lessening-competition, distorting-competition, and exploitative-abuse tests of illegality promulgated by U.S. and/or E.U. antitrust law, (2) compares the efficiency defenses promulgated by U.S. and E.U. antitrust law, (3) compares the conduct-coverage of the various U.S. and E.U. antitrust laws, (4) defines price competition and quality-or-variety-increasing-investment (QV-investment) competition and explains why they should be analyzed separately, (5) defines the components of individualized-pricing and across-the-board-pricing sellers’ price minus marginal cost gaps and analyses each’s determinants, (6) defines the determinants of the intensity of QV-investment competition and explains how they determine that intensity, (7) demonstrates that definitions of both classical and antitrust markets are inevitably arbitrary, not just at their periphery but comprehensively, (8) criticizes the various protocols for market definition recommended/used by scholars, the U.S. antitrust agencies, the European Commission, and U.S. and E.U. courts, (9) explains that a firm’s economic (market) power or dominance depends on its power over both price and QV investment and demonstrates that, even if markets could be defined non-arbitrarily, a firm’s economic power could not be predicted from its market share, (10) articulates a definition of “oligopolistic conduct” that some economists have implicitly used–conduct whose perpetrator-perceived ex ante profitability depended critically on the perpetrator’s belief that its rivals’ responses would be affected by their belief that it could react to their responses, distinguishes two types of such conduct–contrived and natural–by whether it entails anticompetitive threats and/or offers, explains why this distinction is critical under U.S. but not E.U. antitrust law, analyzes the profitability of each kind of oligopolistic conduct, examines these analyses’ implications for each’s antitrust legality, and criticizes related U.S. and E.U. case-law and doctrine and scholarly positions (e.g., on the evidence that establishes the illegal oligopolistic character of pricing), and (11) executes parallel analyses of predatory conduct--e.g., criticizes various arguments for the inevitable unprofitability of predatory pricing, the various tests that economists/U.S. courts advocate using/use to determine whether pricing is predatory, and two analyses by economists of the conditions under which QV investment and systems rivalry are predatory and examines the conditions under which production-process research, plant-modernization, and long-term full-requirements contracts are predatory.
Photovoltaik
by Viktor Wesselak Sebastian VoswinckelWie funktioniert Photovoltaik? Welche Arten von Solarzellen gibt es? Wie wirtschaftlich sind Photovoltaik-Anlagen? Die Autoren erklären die wichtigsten Eigenschaften der Sonnenstrahlung und vermitteln die prinzipielle Funktionsweise einer Solarzelle. Sie gehen auf die Unterschiede heutiger und zukünftiger Technologien ein und diskutieren die Wirtschaftlichkeit unterschiedlicher Anlagenkonzepte. Dadurch finden Leser einen schnellen Einstieg ins Thema und lernen unterschiedliche Technologien und Anlagenvarianten einzuordnen und zu beurteilen.
Notch Regulation of the Immune System
by Freddy RadtkeNotch signaling regulates many cell fate decision and differentiation processes during embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. Moreover, disregulation of the pathway is associated with human disorders and cancer. In the last 15 years it became evident that Notch plays important roles in the hematopoietic system as well as in the regulation of immune responses. This special issue on Notch regulation of the immune system summarizes recent advances and covers multiple aspects of Notch signaling within the hematopoietic and the immune system. This issue covers subjects including Notch function in embryonic and adult hematopoietic stem cells, lymphocyte development and function as well as in T cell leukemia.
Software Process Definition and Management
by Martin Kowalczyk Jürgen Münch Martín Soto Ove ArmbrustThe concept of processes is at the heart of software and systems engineering. Software process models integrate software engineering methods and techniques and are the basis for managing large-scale software and IT projects. High product quality routinely results from high process quality. Software process management deals with getting and maintaining control over processes and their evolution. Becoming acquainted with existing software process models is not enough, though. It is important to understand how to select, define, manage, deploy, evaluate, and systematically evolve software process models so that they suitably address the problems, applications, and environments to which they are applied. Providing basic knowledge for these important tasks is the main goal of this textbook. Münch and his co-authors aim at providing knowledge that enables readers to develop useful process models that are suitable for their own purposes. They start with the basic concepts. Subsequently, existing representative process models are introduced, followed by a description of how to create individual models and the necessary means for doing so (i.e., notations and tools). Lastly, different possible usage scenarios for process management are highlighted (e.g. process improvement and software process simulation). Their book is aimed at students and researchers working on software project management, software quality assurance, and software measurement; and at practitioners who are interested in process definition and management for developing, maintaining, and operating software-intensive systems and services.
Nuclear Physics with Polarized Particles
by Hans Paetz gen. SchieckThe measurement of spin-polarization observables in reactions of nuclei and particles is of great utility and advantage when the effects of single-spin sub-states are to be investigated. Indeed, the unpolarized differential cross-section encompasses the averaging over the spin states of the particles, and thus loses details of the interaction process. This introductory text combines, in a single volume, course-based lecture notes on spin physics and on polarized-ion sources with the aim of providing a concise yet self-contained starting point for newcomers to the field, as well as for lecturers in search of suitable material for their courses and seminars. A significant part of the book is devoted to introducing the formal theory--a description of polarization and of nuclear reactions with polarized particles. The remainder of the text describes the physical basis of methods and devices necessary to perform experiments with polarized particles and to measure polarization and polarization effects in nuclear reactions. The book concludes with a brief review of modern applications in medicine and fusion energy research. For reasons of conciseness and of the pedagogical aims of this volume, examples are mainly taken from low-energy installations such as tandem Van de Graaff laboratories, although the emphasis of present research is shifting to medium- and high-energy nuclear physics. Consequently, this volume is restricted to describing non-relativistic processes and focuses on the energy range from astrophysical energies (a few keV) to tens of MeV. It is further restricted to polarimetry of hadronic particles.
Grundlagen der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik 1
by Steffen Paul Reinhold PaulDie gut eingef#65533;hrte dreib#65533;ndige Einf#65533;hrung in die Elektrotechnik und Elektronik hilft, die Elektrotechnik als ein Gesamtgebiet zu begreifen, das nach einheitlichen Prinzipien beschrieben werden kann. Der vorliegende Band 1 umfasst station#65533;re Vorg#65533;nge in elektrischen Netzwerken. Die Einf#65533;hrung von linearen und nichtlinearen resistiven Bauelementen erlaubt die Betrachtung des nichtlinearen Grundstromkreises durch Kleinsignalanalyse. Verfahren der Analyse von Gleichstromnetzwerken werden ebenso behandelt wie Methoden der Schaltungssimulation. Der Studienanf#65533;nger arbeitet mit Begriffen, die er aus der Schulzeit kennt. Die vorliegende 5. Auflage wurde um didaktische Elemente erg#65533;nzt. Auch wurden Querverweise auf die B#65533;nde 2 und 3 eingef#65533;gt. Band 2 behandelt die Grundgesetze elektromagnetischer Felder, elektrische Erscheinungen in r#65533;umlichen Leitern und Nichtleitern, den Magnetismus, die elektromagnetische Induktion, Kr#65533;fte und Energiewandlung im elektromagnetischen Feld. In Band 3 werden zeitver#65533;nderliche Vorg#65533;nge in Schaltungen sowie die Wechselstromrechnung besprochen. Die Zielgruppen Studierende der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik in Bachelor- und Masterstudieng#65533;ngen.
Engineering Production Control Strategies
by Christoph KarrerIdentifying and customizing suitable control strategies is a challenging task, especially when production systems have to cope with variable demands, forecast error, and unstable processes. The focus of this book lies on helping companies with complex and discrete production systems to tailor a production control strategy to their needs. Thereby, the mutual merits of "push" and "pull" systems are taken into account, leading to hybrid strategies. Consequently, the book addresses practitioners who are interested in looking behind the scenes and into the physics of production control. A real-life case study demonstrates the practical applicability of the presented framework.
Studying Atomic Dynamics with Coherent X-rays
by Michael LeitnerDiffusion in solids at moderate temperatures is a well-known phenomenon. However, direct experimental evidence about the responsible atomic-scale mechanisms has been scarce, due to difficulties in probing the relevant length- and time-scales. The present thesis deals with the application of X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (XPCS) for answering such questions. This is an established method for the study of slow dynamics on length-scales of a few nanometres. The scattered intensity in the diffuse regime, i.e. corresponding to atomic distances, is very low, however, and so it has so far been considered impossible to use XPCS for this problem. Threefold progress is reported in this work: It proposes a number of systems selected for high diffuse intensity, it optimizes the photon detection and data evaluation procedures, and it establishes theoretical models for interpretating the results. Together these advances allowed the first successful atomic-scale XPCS experiment, which elucidated the role of preferred configurations for atomic jumps in a copper-gold alloy. The growth in available coherent X-ray intensity together with next-generation X-ray sources will open up a wide field of application for this new method.
Kontinuumsmechanik
by Holm AltenbachZiel des Buchs ist es, auf möglichst einfache Weise in die Grundlagen dieses anspruchsvollen Fachgebiets einzuführen. Gegliedert in Abschnitte zum historischen Abriss und zur Tensorrechnung, zu materialunabhängigen und zu materialabhängigen Gleichungen liegt der Schwerpunkt des Buchs bei festen deformierbaren Körpern. Viele Beispiele mit vollständigen Lösungen illustrieren den theoretischen Teil. Geeignet für Studierende im Bereich Maschinenbau und Bauingenieurwesens, Physik und Technomathematik sowie für Forscher und Praktiker in der Industrie.
Schwingungen mechanischer Antriebssysteme
by Hans Dresig Alexander FidlinIn dem Buch werden systematische Methoden zur Modellbildung von Antriebssystemen dargestellt. Dies geschieht sowohl grunds#65533;tzlich f#65533;r Torsions- und Biegeschwinger, aber auch speziell am Beispiel von Kr#65533;nen, Rotorsystemen, Textil-, Druck-, Schneide- und Vibrationsmaschinen. Behandelt werden Schwingungsprobleme verschiedener Baugruppen wie z. B. Zahnrad-, Ketten-, Riemen-, Schubkurbel- und Schneckengetriebe. Neu in der 3. Auflage: weitere Methoden der Modellbildung und zus#65533;tzliche Beispiele zur dynamischen Analyse und Synthese von Antriebssystemen.
Epigenetic Regulation of Lymphocyte Development
by Cornelis MurreThe studies described in this volume serve as a starting point to familiarize one self with the multifarious differences in epigenetic designs that orchestrate the progression of developing blood cells. They also may serve as a general paradigm for the mechanisms that underpin the control of eukaryotic gene expression.
Quantum Entanglement in Electron Optics
by Rama Ghosh Naresh ChandraThis monograph forms an interdisciplinary study in atomic, molecular, and quantum information (QI) science. Here a reader will find that applications of the tools developed in QI provide new physical insights into electron optics as well as properties of atoms & molecules which, in turn, are useful in studying QI both at fundamental and applied levels. In particular, this book investigates entanglement properties of flying electronic qubits generated in some of the well known processes capable of taking place in an atom or a molecule following the absorption of a photon. Here, one can generate Coulombic or fine-structure entanglement of electronic qubits. The properties of these entanglements differ not only from each other, but also from those when spin of an inner-shell photoelectron is entangled with the polarization of the subsequent fluorescence. Spins of an outer-shell electron and of a residual photoion can have free or bound entanglement in a laboratory.
Quantum Entanglement in Electron Optics: Generation, Characterization, and Applications (Springer Series on Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics #67)
by Rama Ghosh Naresh ChandraThis monograph forms an interdisciplinary study in atomic, molecular, and quantum information (QI) science. Here a reader will find that applications of the tools developed in QI provide new physical insights into electron optics as well as properties of atoms & molecules which, in turn, are useful in studying QI both at fundamental and applied levels. In particular, this book investigates entanglement properties of flying electronic qubits generated in some of the well known processes capable of taking place in an atom or a molecule following the absorption of a photon. Here, one can generate Coulombic or fine-structure entanglement of electronic qubits. The properties of these entanglements differ not only from each other, but also from those when spin of an inner-shell photoelectron is entangled with the polarization of the subsequent fluorescence. Spins of an outer-shell electron and of a residual photoion can have free or bound entanglement in a laboratory.
Prion Proteins
by Jörg TatzeltGenetics of Prion Disease, by S. Lloyd, S. Mead and J. Collinge. Atypical Prion Diseases in Humans and Animals, by M. A. Tranulis, S. L. Benestad, T. Baron and H. Kretzschmar. Chronic Wasting Disease, by S. Gilch, N. Chitoor, Y. Taguchi, M. Stuart, J. E. Jewell and H. M. Schätzl. Transgenic Mouse Models and Prion Strains, by G. C. Telling. Neuroprotective and Neurotoxic Signaling by the Prion Protein, by U. K. Resenberger, K. F. Winklhofer and J. Tatzelt. Prion Seeded Conversion and Amplification Assays, by C. D. Orrú and B. Caughey. Prion Protein and Its Conformational Conversion: A Structural Perspective, by W. K. Surewicz and M. I. Apostol. Molecular Dynamics as an Approach to Study Prion Protein Misfolding and the Effect of Pathogenic Mutations, by M.W. van der Kamp and V. Daggett. Chemical Biology of Prion Protein: Tools to Bridge the In Vitro/Vivo Interface, by R. Seidel and M. Engelhard. The PrP-Like Proteins Shadoo and Doppel, by D. Westaway, N. Daude, S. Wohlgemuth and P. Harrison. Fungal Prions: Structure, Function and Propagation, by M. F. Tuite, R. Marchante and V. Kushnirov.
Chitosan for Biomaterials II (Advances in Polymer Science #244)
by Rangasamy Jayakumar Riccardo A. Muzzarelli M. PrabaharanPolymeric Bionanocomposites as Promising Materials for Controlled Drug, by M. Prabaharan, R. Jayakumar; Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, by R. Riva, H. Ragelle, A. des Rieux, N. Duhem, C. Jérôme, and V. Préat; Chitosan: A Promising Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds, by P. K. Dutta, K. Rinki and J. Dutta; Chitosan-Based Biomaterials for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, by X. Liu, L. Ma, Z. Mao and C. Gao; Use of Chitosan as a Bioactive Implant Coating for Bone-Implant Applications, by M. R. Leedy, H. J. Martin, P. A. Norowski, J. A. Jennings, W. O. Haggard, and J.D. Bumgardner; New Techniques for Optimization of Surface Area and Porosity in Nanochitins and Nanochitosans, by R. A. A. Muzzarelli; Production, Properties and Applications of Fungal Cell Wall Polysaccharides: Chitosan and Glucan, by N. New, T. Furuike, and H. Tamura;